2021年高考英語考點(diǎn)總動員系列-專題12-短文改錯(解析版)

【母題再現(xiàn)】題型介紹：新課標(biāo)全國卷的短文改錯是一篇約100個單詞的短文，文中有10處錯誤，要求考生對每個句子進(jìn)行推斷，如有錯將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文規(guī)律等，從這一點(diǎn)我們可以看出該題型的變化和難度有所增加。命題形式：短文改錯主要考查:考生運(yùn)用基本語法學(xué)問識別短文中不合乎內(nèi)容規(guī)律的錯誤和語法結(jié)構(gòu)上的各種錯誤,綜合使用英語各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)學(xué)問進(jìn)行快速閱讀理解,把握短文的內(nèi)容和內(nèi)容上的前后規(guī)律關(guān)系,進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的糾錯。高考選題：題型1：【2022·全國新課標(biāo)II】短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.題型2：【2022·廣西卷】短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） ”此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標(biāo)有題號的每一行作出推斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（V);如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列狀況改正：此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 .留意：原行沒有錯的不要改。Allofusneedfriendship.Theunderstanding 76._________betweentwofriendsmeanbothofthemhavesimilar 77._________ideasandtrustingeachother.Otherwise,itis 78._________impossibleforhimtohelpeachotherandtomake 79.________theirfriendshiptolastlong.Asanoldsayinggoes， 80._________“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Soreallyfriendship 81.________shouldabletostandallsortsoftests.Anditis 82._________wisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsthatwecan. 83._________Themorefriendswehave，themorewecanlearnfor 84._________oneanother,butthemorepleasurewecansharetogether. 85.__________解題技巧：解答此類試題，可以從以下幾個方面著手考慮：短文改錯的考點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：命題角度解題思路非謂語動詞依據(jù)非謂語動詞在句中的搭配、功能與表達(dá)的意義，推斷在具體語境中該使用謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，推斷to是介詞還是不定式的符號，推斷接帶to還是不代to的不定式，依據(jù)語境和搭配推斷使用非謂語動詞的什么形式名詞從全部格、可數(shù)和不行數(shù)、單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)的角度推斷文章中名詞的使用是否正確，名詞的數(shù)或格有沒有錯誤冠詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加冠詞；不定冠詞與定冠詞的區(qū)分；固定短語中冠詞的使用詞語搭配介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配；副詞與動詞的搭配；固定句型及習(xí)慣搭配中小詞的使用；動詞短語中的介詞搭配詞性的錯誤使用詞性錯誤使用的設(shè)置有：用形容詞做狀語，用副詞做定語或表語，或本該用形容詞卻用名詞做表語等連接手段的錯誤并列句、狀語從句、名詞從句、定語從句的連詞是否正確；行文規(guī)律方面before與after、since等的使用是否正確；假如是并列句，要留意依據(jù)語境推斷句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、選擇、遞進(jìn)還是讓步關(guān)系，從而選擇正確的連詞，是用and還是but，或者用or。全都性主謂是否全都(謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式與主語保持全都)，時態(tài)不全都(動詞的時態(tài)要與時間狀語或上下文的時態(tài)保持全都)和代詞的指代不全都(主格與賓格，或人稱混淆的錯誤)平行結(jié)構(gòu)行文規(guī)律平行結(jié)構(gòu)常使用and，but，or或連詞詞組如notonly…butalso，not…but…，either…or，neither…nor，aswellas等。留意依據(jù)語境和前后的搭配推斷該結(jié)構(gòu)的正確與否依據(jù)語境推斷表示確定還是否定含義，以及動作或時間挨次的先后【考點(diǎn)揭秘】高頻考點(diǎn)一：留意考查詞匯用法錯誤【2022屆河北省唐山市二?！縊necoldeveningduringtheholidayseason,alittleboyaboutsixorsevenwasstandingoutinthefrontofastorewindow．Thelittlechildhasnoshoesandhisclotheswerejustrags．Ayoungwomanpassesbysawthelittleboyandcouldreadthedesireinhispaleblueeyes．Shetookthechildbythehandandledhimintothestore．Theresheboughthersomenewshoesandacompletesuitofwarmlyclothing．Theycamebackoutsideintothestreet,sothewomantoldthechildtocomehomeandhaveahappyholiday．ThelittleboylookedherandaskedhowshewasGod．ShesmiledandrepliedthatshewasjustoneofHischild．高頻考點(diǎn)二：考查語法、句法錯誤【2022屆河北省邯鄲市一次模擬】假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（/\），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearTom,Howiseverythinggoingrecently?ThathasbeenalongtimesincewemeetinChinalasttime.Havingpassedthefinallyexams,Iambusyplanningatwo-weekstriptotheUSduringthiswinterholiday.DoyouhaveanysuggestionsaboutthechoiceofAmericacities?Iprefertobigandmoderncities.IguessI'dbetterbookahotel.Whatisthepriceforsingleboylikemyself?IsiteasytofindChinesefood?Whatisthetrafficlike,afterItravelbetweencitiesintheUS?Hopetohearingfromyou.Thankyou!Bestregards!LiHua高頻考點(diǎn)三：考查句間規(guī)律關(guān)系錯誤【2022屆河北省衡水中學(xué)下學(xué)期二調(diào)】假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。Howcanapersonrecoverfromemotionalproblems?Apopularopinionsuggeststhathewatcheshumorousfilms.Andarecentstudyprovesthistobewrong.Thestudyalsoshowsthatwatchingatsadfilmscanmakegettingoveranegativemoodaeasierjob.Emotionalexperiencesisimportanttopeople’swell-being.Peoplearelesslikelytosharetheirfeelingswiththesewhohavehadsimilarexperiences.Similar,peopleprefermoviesthatreflecttheirmood.That’sthereasonasadfilmcancontributetocomfortasadpersonmorethanapleasantone.【直擊高考】【2022·四川卷】短文改錯(共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)下面短文中共有10處語言錯誤，請?jiān)谟绣e誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Hello,boysandgirls!Today,Iamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgooff.Ifyouhearthealarm,standinlineatthedoorandwaityourteachertoleadyououtside.Stayclosetoyourteacherandclassmate.Don'tpanicorgetoutofline,andtryingtoremainquietandcalmly.Soonthefirefighterswillcomeandputoutafire.Ifit'safalsealarmandthereisnofire,yourteacherwillleadusbacktotheclassroom.Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingandhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.【2022·全國新課標(biāo)II】短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.【2022·陜西卷】短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線（），并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。MyfathertookmeoutcampingforthefirsttimewhenIwasseven.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.Myunclesallcomealongwithbowsandarrowsforhunting.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.Justthenabirdwasflyingoverus.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsonthebird.Neitherofthearrowshitthetarget.Suddenlythearrowswasflyingdownatusfromthesky—theywerelookedlikerain!Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!【2022·遼寧卷】文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(試題內(nèi)容如下)DearJeremyandAlice，Althoughwe'vebeendelightedtohaveyouasneighbors,we'rehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.Inaword,yourdog—Cleo.We'vecalledseveraltimeaboutCleo'searlymorningbarking.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe'soutside.Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.Beside,Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.Thismorningshestartsbarkingevenbefore5o'clock.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.Weappreciateourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.Sincerely,JackandRose【2022·全國新課標(biāo)I】短文改錯（10分）Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedSomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethenforalltheseyearwehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!【課后反饋】夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)：【2022屆河北省衡水中學(xué)下學(xué)期一調(diào)】Goodmorning,everyone.It’sgreathonorformetospeakhere.Myname’sLiXiaojun,borninaharmoniousfamily.Myfatherandmotherareallhighschoolteachers.Influencedbythem,Ireadwidelyduringmyearlyage,butI’vedevelopedagreatinterestinartsandsports.I’measy-going,getalongwellwithmyclassmates.Itisthispersonalitywhichhelpsmewinoverallmyclassmates’friendships,andalsohelpmeovercomemanydifficultiesbothinacademicandpersonallife.Beingadmittedinyouruniversityhasalwaysbeenabeautifuldreamforme.IdreamconstantlythatI,alongwithmineclassmates,willstudyhappywiththehelpoftherespectableprofessors.IdreamthatIwillswimfreelyinthesea,enjoyingthewavesofknowledge.Ihopeallmydreamwillcometrueinthenearfuture.Thankyou.力氣拓展：【2022屆河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山三市二調(diào)】假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同學(xué)寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加；在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除；把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意；1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearMr.Green,Iamveryexcitingtolearnthatwearegoingtostartamagazinetogether.Itisindeedawonderfulideaandeveryonehopesitssuccess.Iwouldlikeamagazinetohavethreecolumns.News,Teachers’AdviceorStudents’Voice.FromtheNewscolumnwecanlearnaboutwhatwasgoingoninbothofourschools.InTeachers’Advice,ourteachercangiveussuchhelpthatwemaynotbeabletogetintheclassroom.Students’Voicewillallowustofreeexpressourthoughtsandfeelingsaboutourlivesandstudies.Ibelievethatthismagazinewillsurelystrengthenbetweenourties,andIamlookingforwardtoreadit.Yoursfaithfully,