【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】2021高考英語(yǔ)(湖南專用)大二輪總復(fù)習(xí)定時(shí)訓(xùn)練-3

定時(shí)訓(xùn)練(3)Ⅰ.專題特訓(xùn)(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)1．(2022屆北京市第四十四中學(xué)高三第一學(xué)期期中測(cè)試)Inthereadingroom，wefoundher________atadesk，withherattention________onabook.A．sitting；fixingB．tosit；fixedC．seating；fixingD．seated；fixed解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：在閱覽室內(nèi)，我們發(fā)覺(jué)她坐在一張桌子旁，集中精力看一本書。beseated就坐＝sitting，fixone'sattentionon集中精力于。故選D項(xiàng)。答案D2．(2022屆湖南省澧縣一中益陽(yáng)市一中桃源縣一中高三上學(xué)期三校聯(lián)考)________withtheincreasingunemployment，manypeoplewentonstrikeinmostoftheEuropeancountries.A．FacingB．BeingfacedC．FacedD．Havingfaced解析考查過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。句意：面臨越來(lái)越嚴(yán)峻的失業(yè)問(wèn)題，歐洲國(guó)家很多人去罷工。sbbefacedwithsth某人面臨……，這里可以用過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)，假如沒(méi)有橫線后的with，就可以用facing，選C項(xiàng)。答案C3．(2022屆黑龍江省大慶鐵人中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中)Hewonderedifhecouldslipoutofthelecturehallwithoutanyone________．A．noticingB．noticedC．tonoticeD．beingnoticed解析考查with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：with/without＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是名詞，代詞，形容詞，副詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，或者過(guò)去分詞，也可以是不定式。對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的狀況進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。當(dāng)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系的時(shí)候，使用過(guò)去分詞的形式；當(dāng)二者構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系的時(shí)候，使用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。要特殊要留意with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換使用。本題中anyone與notice構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A項(xiàng)。答案A4．(2022屆浙江省紹興市第一中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中)Oppositetheoldtownisthe5，500metersYulongXueshanMountain，itspeak________withsnow.A．iscoveredB．coveredC．coveringD．covers解析考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：在古城的對(duì)面是海拔5500米高的御龍雪山，它的頂峰有雪掩蓋著。由于句中沒(méi)有連詞，所以推斷是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，排解A、D選項(xiàng)，peak和動(dòng)詞cover之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，故選B項(xiàng)。答案B5．(2022屆江蘇省無(wú)錫市第三高級(jí)中學(xué)高三期初質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Misunderstandings________fromlackofsocialcommunication，unless________withproperly，mayleadtoseriousproblems.A．resulted；dealtB．resulting；dealtC．resulted；dealingD．resulting；dealing解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。misunderstandings和resultfrom是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于whichresultfrom...，排解A、C；unless后省略了misunderstandings，misunderstandings與dealwith是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于unlesstheyaredealtwith...，排解D。故選B項(xiàng)。答案B6．(2022屆云南省部分名校高三第一次聯(lián)考)Weallthinkthattheplanyoucomeupwith________theworkisverypractical.A．completingB．completed C．tocomplete D．complete解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們都認(rèn)為你為完成這個(gè)工作想到的方案格外有用。tocomplete表目的，修飾plan。youcomeupwith是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞plan。故選C項(xiàng)。答案C7．(2022屆河南省南陽(yáng)市高三五校聯(lián)誼期中)________withsomeresearchmaterials，hedecidedonthreepossibleapproachesinhisexperiment.A．PreparingB．PreparedC．HavingpreparedD．Prepare解析考查過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。句意：預(yù)備好了爭(zhēng)辯材料，他打算試驗(yàn)三個(gè)可能的方法。bepreparedwith預(yù)備好，所以這里用過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)，表示狀態(tài)，選B項(xiàng)。答案B8．(2022屆福建省廈門一中高三上學(xué)期期中)Thenewly－discoveredevidenceledtothecriminal________tofiveyearsinprison.A．tobesentenced B．beingsentenced C．sentenced D．besentenced解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：新發(fā)覺(jué)的證據(jù)使得罪犯被宣判坐5年的牢。leadto導(dǎo)致，to為介詞，故后面接v.－ing形式。故選B項(xiàng)。答案B9．(2022屆福建省廈門一中高三上學(xué)期期中)________todriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisdangerous.A．NotremindedB．RemindednotC．NothavingbeenremindedD．Havingremindednot解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：被提示不要酒后駕駛，但一些司機(jī)仍舊碰運(yùn)氣，那是很危急的。題中的規(guī)律主語(yǔ)為somedrivers，與remind之間的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。remindsbtodo的否定形式為remindsbnottodo。故選B項(xiàng)。答案B10．(2022屆北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期中考試)Thepolicemankepthiseyes________onthescreenofthecomputertoidentifythecriminal'sfootprints.A．fixingB．fixedC．tofixD．beingfixed解析考查過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：警察始終凝視著電腦屏幕，來(lái)識(shí)別罪犯的腳印。這里用的是“keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，由于“凝視”是fixone'seyeson，所以eyes和fix是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，選B項(xiàng)。答案B11．Thelecture，________at7：00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A．startingB．beingstartedC．tostartD．tobestarted解析依據(jù)lastnight可知start已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故排解C、D(不定式常表將來(lái))，B(beingdone)一般表進(jìn)行，也排解。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。答案A12．We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds________toachievethefinalsuccess.A．beingdoneB．doC．tobedoneD．todo解析由于work與do為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而need后表被動(dòng)用－ing的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義，或用不定式的被動(dòng)形式，故選C。謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作賓語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)needtobedone。答案C13．Marklivesinabigpleasantroom________approximately5metersby6meters.A．measuresB．measuringC．tobemeasuredD．havingmeasured解析本句中的動(dòng)詞measure可以作為及物動(dòng)詞vt.測(cè)量；估量；也可以表示：距離(或長(zhǎng)度、寬度、數(shù)量等)為……；本句中的measure表示的就是第2層含有距離(或長(zhǎng)度、寬度、數(shù)量等)為……；動(dòng)詞measure與前面的名詞room構(gòu)成規(guī)律上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞measuringapproximately5metersby6meter來(lái)修飾前面的名詞room。句義：Mark生活在一個(gè)面積大約為5米乘6米的很大的舒適的房子里。故B正確。答案B14．“Youcan'tcatchme！”Janetshouted，________away.A．runB．runningC．torunD．ran解析分詞running與句中主語(yǔ)Janet為規(guī)律上的主謂關(guān)系，與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞shout同時(shí)發(fā)生。本題大意，“你不能抓住我！”Janet喊著，逃跑了，故B正確。分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法需要留意分詞的規(guī)律主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)全都。答案B15．—WhatmadelittleTonysounhappyandcryinhisroom?—________togohikingwithhisbrother.A．HavingnotbeenallowedB．NothavingallowedC．HavingnotallowedD．Nothavingbeenallowed解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本題考查動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，依據(jù)句意可知是“沒(méi)有被允許”，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：——什么使得小托尼不快活，在房間里哭呢？——沒(méi)有允許和他哥哥一起去徒步旅行。故D正確。答案DⅡ.閱讀理解體裁：記敘文話題：動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)時(shí)間：7分鐘(2021·濟(jì)寧二模)EveryAugustontheislandofHeimaey，offthesoutherncoastofIceland，youngpeopleoftentakeawalkalongthestreetsthroughoutthenight.What'smore，theirparentsallowthemtostayout.Why？ThechildrenofHeimaeyaregoingtosaveyoungpuffins—smallblack－and－whiteseabirds.Thecliffs(懸崖)abovethetownarehometoalargegroupofpuffins.Thebirdsdigholesallaroundthecliffs.Theseholesaretheirhomes.Theiryoungstayintheholesforaboutsevenweeks.Thentheybegintoleave.SomemoveslowlyontheirundevelopedwingsandfeetdowntothenorthernAtlanticOceanthatsurroundsHeimaey.There，theyswim，whichtheycandonaturally，andlearntodiveforfish.Others，however，maylosetheirwayatnightandfindthemselvesinthetowninstead.Ontheground，theyoungseabirdsareintrouble.Becausetheirwingsarenotfullydeveloped，theycannottakeoffquicklytoseaandsafety.Thebirdsthenbecomeagoodmealforcatsandotheranimals.Formanyyears，islandershavehelpedtheyoungpuffins.EarlyatnightinlateAugust，childrencarryingthickpaperboxesandlightshurrytotheseashoretocatchpuffins.Theyspendmostofthenightrunningafterthebirds.Theyputthebirdsthey'vecaughtinboxesandtakegoodcareofthem.Thenextmorningthechildrentakethepuffinstotheoceanandsetthemfree.Thebirdswillliveatseauntiltheyareatleasttwoyearsold.Thentheywillreturntothecliffstobuildhomesoftheirownfortheirfamilies.WillthechildrenofHeimaeyalwayscometosavepuffins？“Yes，”answertheboys.“Welookforwardtoit.Thebesttimeforusissettingthebirdsfree.”【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文通過(guò)敘述居住在冰島南海岸四周的黑邁島上的孩子們?yōu)槭裁赐炀群｛W幼鳥(niǎo)，以及怎樣掛念幼鳥(niǎo)，人類和諧相處的故事。揭示了孩子們挽救幼鳥(niǎo)緣由：對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)最奇特的時(shí)間就是讓那些鳥(niǎo)兒獲得自由。1．EveryAugustchildrenofHeimaeyareallowedtostayoutallnight________．A．tocatchpuffinsandkeepthemaspetsB．todrivepuffinsawayC．tofreepuffinsfromdangerD．torunafterpuffinsforpleasure解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章首段最終一句可知正確答案。答案C2．Theyoungpuffinsthatgetintothetownareindangerofbeing________．A．killedbyhuntersB．drivenawayfromthetownC．eatenbyanimalsD．starvedtodeath解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由其次段最終三句可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案C3．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．HeimaeyisasmalltownonIceland.B．Thebabypuffinsstayintheholesforatleasttwoyears.C．Learningtoswimisalongandhardprocess.D．Fishisatleastonekindoftheputffin'sfoods.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段首句可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由其次段第三句可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由其次段中“...theyswim，whichtheycandonaturally，andlearntodiveforfish”可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，D項(xiàng)正確。答案D4．ThechildrenlookforwardtoAugustbecause______．A．it'stimeforthemtogooutatnighttosavepuffinsB．theyenjoyplayingthegameofrunningafterseabirdsC．it'stimeforthechildrentoplaywiththebirdsD．thechildrencanstayoutatnighttowatchpuffinscomingtothetown解析推理推斷題。由文章第三段及最終一段可推知A項(xiàng)正確。答案A5．FromthepassageweknowthepeopleofHeimaey________．A．neverfightamongthemselvesB．lovepuffinsverymuchC．hatecatsanddogsD．enjoystayinguplateatnight解析推理推斷題。由全文最終一段最終一句話可知。答案BⅢ.閱讀填空TheWorldBank，theUnitedNationsandtheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicinedidastudytourgehand－washingaroundtheworld.Theyfoundthatonemillionlivescouldbesavedeachyearifpeoplewashedtheirhandswithsoapoften.Theysaidthatprogramstoincreasehand－washingwithsoapcouldbeamongthemosteffectivewaystoreduceinfectiousdiseases.Doctorssay，manydiseasescanbepreventedfromspreadingbyhand－washing.Theseincludepinworms(寄生蟲(chóng))，influenza(流行性感冒)，thecommoncold，hepatitis(肝炎)A，meningitis(腦膜炎)andinfectiousdiarrhea(腹瀉)．Hand－washingdestroysgermsfromotherpeople，animalsorobjectsapersonhastouched.Whenpeoplegetbacteriaontheirhands，theycaninfectthemselvesbytouchingtheireyes，noseormouth.Thenthesepeoplecaninfectotherpeople.Theexpertssaytheeasiestwaytocatchacoldistotouchyournoseoreyesaftersomeonenearbyhassneezedorcoughed.Anotherwaytobecomesickistoeatfoodpreparedbysomeonewhosehandswerenotclean.Theexpertssaythathand－washingisespeciallyimportantbeforeandafterpreparingfood，beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsafterhandlinganimalsoranimalwaste，andaftercleaningababy.Theexpertssayitisalsoagoodideatowashyourhandsafterhandlingmoneyandaftersneezingorcoughing.Anditisimportanttowashyourhandsoftenwhensomeoneinyourhomeissick.Theexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytowashyourhandsistorubthemtogetherwhileusingsoapandwarmwater.Theysayyoudonothavetousespecialantibacterial