考點(diǎn)08 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（九大應(yīng)用全掌握）-新高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)（上海專用）（解析版）

PAGE1考點(diǎn)08虛擬語(yǔ)氣課前熱身練（2023·上?！ど虾Ｊ薪ㄆ街袑W(xué)?？既＃〥irections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Frugality(節(jié)儉)IsBackinFashion“Ifyoubuythingsyoudonotneed,soonyouwillhavetosellthingsyouneed.”ThisisapieceofsageadvicefromWarrenBuffet,arguably1ofthegreatestfinancialmindsofthe21stcentury.Manyyoungpeopletodayappeartobetakingthesewordsverymuchtoheart,especiallyinthepresenteconomicclimate.WhiletheideaofbeingfrugalhaslongbeenapartofEasternculture,therelativelyrecentgrowthofwealthinChinaaswellastheeaseofpurchasing2(lead)toincreasedconsumerismformanyacrossthecountry.Notonlyarebusinessestodayofferingamorediverserangeofproducts,butinternetalgorithmsarealsomatchingourshoppingpatternstobigdatasets—bothof3aremeanttotemptpeopleintobuyingmorestuffthantheyneed.Yetthisincreasedconsumptionofgoodshasbeenpushingupthepricesofcertainbareessentialssuchashousing,transportationandfood,4(force)peopletoreevaluatetheirprioritieswhilespendingmoney.Itisnowonderthatbeingthriftyisonceagainbecomingadominanttrend5youngpeople.Despitetheannoyances6(cause)byalgorithms,theinternetisfloodedwithadviceonwhereone7savemoneyaswellasgoodopinionsabouthowtheyshouldspendtheirmoney.Itmakessensetoprioritizegoodsandservicesthatdirectlyaffectyourhealthandwell-being,whilelimitingthosethatarefancybutnotentirelynecessary.Hopefully,weallfullyunderstandatthispoint8theresourcesonthisplanetareindeedlimited.Acontinuousgrowthmodelisbynomeanssustainable.Asamatteroffact,wealreadyuseabout1.8Earth’sworthofrenewableresourceseveryyear.9everyoneofusdecidedtoconsumeasmuchastheaverageAmericandoes,wewouldbeusingmorethanfourEarth’sworthofrenewableresourcesannually.Asaresult,thechoice(forcedornot)tobefrugalisnotonlygoodforone’swallet,butalsobeneficialtotheplanetinthelongrun.Ifyouhaveeverchosentostarveyourself10(get)apairoflimited-editionsneakers,itishightimethatyoustartedmakingchangesforthesakeofyourselfandforallhumanity.【答案】1．one2．hasled3．which4．forcing5．a(chǎn)mong/for6．caused7．can/should8．that9．If10．toget【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下，節(jié)儉的生活方式開(kāi)始流行。1．考查代詞。句意：這是沃倫·巴菲特(WarrenBuffet)睿智的建議，他可以說(shuō)是21世紀(jì)最偉大的金融頭腦之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為WarrenBuffet的同位語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，此處指的是“WarrenBuffet是最偉大的金融頭腦之一”，所以使用代詞one。故填one。2．考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然節(jié)儉的觀念長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直是東方文化的一部分，但中國(guó)財(cái)富的相對(duì)近期增長(zhǎng)以及購(gòu)物的便利性導(dǎo)致全國(guó)許多人的消費(fèi)主義增加。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)formanyacrossthecountry可知，此處應(yīng)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，所以使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，與句子主語(yǔ)“therelativelyrecentgrowthofwealthinChinaaswellastheeaseofpurchasing”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且aswellas連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式取決于前者，所以主語(yǔ)核心部分為名詞單數(shù)。故填hasled。3．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：如今，不僅企業(yè)提供了更多樣化的產(chǎn)品，而且互聯(lián)網(wǎng)算法也將我們的購(gòu)物模式與大數(shù)據(jù)集相匹配——這兩種方式都是為了誘使人們購(gòu)買比他們需要的更多的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為連詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少介詞賓語(yǔ)，所以使用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞指事物。故填which。4．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，商品消費(fèi)的增加推高了住房、交通和食品等某些基本必需品的價(jià)格，迫使人們?cè)诨ㄥX(qián)時(shí)重新評(píng)估自己的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，force與其邏輯主語(yǔ)thisincreasedconsumptionofgoods之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填forcing。5．考查介詞。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，節(jié)儉再次成為年輕人中的主流趨勢(shì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為介詞與空后內(nèi)容構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“在……之間”或“對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)”均可，所以使用介詞among或for。故填among/for。6．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管算法讓人煩惱，但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上到處都是關(guān)于如何省錢(qián)的建議，以及如何花錢(qián)的好主意。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，cause與其所修飾詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填caused。7．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管算法讓人煩惱，但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上到處都是關(guān)于如何省錢(qián)的建議，以及如何花錢(qián)的好主意。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后為動(dòng)詞原形且無(wú)提示詞，應(yīng)為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“能夠”應(yīng)為can或表“應(yīng)該”為should。故填can/should。8．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：希望在這一點(diǎn)上，我們都充分理解這個(gè)星球上的資源確實(shí)是有限的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為賓語(yǔ)從句作understand的賓語(yǔ)，從句中不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，且句意完整。故填that。9．考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果我們每個(gè)人都決定像普通美國(guó)人那樣消費(fèi)，我們每年將使用超過(guò)四個(gè)地球價(jià)值的可再生資源。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表“如果”為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，所以使用if，且位于句首，首字母需大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)f。10．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你曾經(jīng)為了買一雙限量版運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋而忍饑挨餓，那么現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候開(kāi)始為自己和全人類做出改變了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知。此處表示“為了”作目的狀語(yǔ)，所以使用不定式形式，且與邏輯主語(yǔ)you之間表主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填toget。核心考點(diǎn)梳理（一）語(yǔ)氣的定義和種類l、語(yǔ)氣：語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。2、語(yǔ)氣的種類：(1)陳述語(yǔ)氣:表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和某些感嘆句。如：Wearenotready.我們沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。Whatafinedayitis!多好的天氣啊!(2)祈使語(yǔ)氣:表示說(shuō)話人的建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。如:Openthedoor,please。請(qǐng)打開(kāi)門(mén)。(3)虛擬語(yǔ)氣:表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。如:IfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.如果我是你，我就學(xué)英語(yǔ)了。Mayyousucceed!祝您成功?。ǘ┨摂M語(yǔ)氣在條件從句中的用法條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。如果假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的，就是真實(shí)條件何。在這種真實(shí)條件句中的謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如果假設(shè)的情況是過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)?lái)不大可能發(fā)生的，則是虛擬條件句。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.(事實(shí)上他昨天沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你，因此也未能問(wèn)你這件事。)在含有虛擬條件句的復(fù)合句中，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)都要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。所述情況從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If+主語(yǔ)＋did（be動(dòng)詞用were）主語(yǔ)＋would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原形IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If＋主語(yǔ)＋haddone主語(yǔ)＋would/could/might/should+havedoneIfhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthetest.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反1.If+主語(yǔ)＋did2.if+主語(yǔ)＋weretodo3.if+主語(yǔ)＋shoulddo主語(yǔ)＋would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.同步練習(xí)：1.Ifshehadworkedharder,she____D______.A.wouldsucceedB.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceedD.wouldhavesucceeded2.Ifmylawyer____A____herelastSaturday,he_________mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.Ifhewerehere,he_____B_____ushowtodoit.A.toldB.wouldtellC.hadtoldD.havetold4.

If

it

____A_____

rain

next

week,

the

farmers

could

still

have

a

good

harvest.

A.

should

B.

could

C.

would

D.

might（三）虛擬條件句的特殊情況(1)省略if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果從句中含有were/should/had時(shí)，則可以把這三個(gè)詞置于句首，省略if，采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldyoudo?→Shouldithappen,whatwouldyoudo?Ifhehadrecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.→Hadherecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover(2)含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)候假設(shè)的情況不以if引導(dǎo)的條件從句形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而是通過(guò)一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，連詞或其他形式表示。常用的詞或短語(yǔ)有：without,with,butfor(要是沒(méi)有),otherwise,or,but等。Withoutyourhelp(=Ifwehadnothadyourhelp),wecouldnothavesucceeded.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity,therewouldbenomodernindustry.Hefeltverytiredyesterday,or/otherwisehewouldhaveattendedtheparty.(3)混合/錯(cuò)綜型虛擬語(yǔ)氣當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，稱為‘錯(cuò)綜條件句’，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.(從句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，主句是現(xiàn)在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句是現(xiàn)在，主句是過(guò)去)同步練習(xí)：1_____C_____youraddress，Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.A.DidIknowB.WereItoknowC.HadIknownD.IfIshouldknow2.Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she____D____somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid3.Ifwe_____A_____200yearsold，we__________everything.A.weretobe，couldchangeB.hadbeen，changedC.were，wouldhavechangedD.shouldbe，changed4.

He

____B____

the

job

well,

but

he

__________

so

careless.

A.

hadn’t

done,

had

been

B.

could

have

done,

was

C.

could

do,

was

D.

had

done,

had

been

5.

If

I

____B____

with

her

last

summer,

I

________

with

her

now.

A.

worked…am

getting

on

very

well

B.

had

worked…would

get

on

very

well

C.

had

worked…

would

have

got

on

very

well

D.

had

worked…will

get

on

very

well

（四）虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在名詞性從句中的用法1.主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣這種虛擬語(yǔ)氣主要用在itis+形容詞（名詞，過(guò)去分詞）+that+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形（should可以省略）這種結(jié)構(gòu)中。常見(jiàn)的這類形容詞有：advisable,anxious,better,desirable,surprising,natural,necessary,strange,important,regretful.常見(jiàn)的這類過(guò)去分詞有：decided,demanded,recommended,requested,desired,required,ordered,suggested.常見(jiàn)的這類名詞有：duty,pity,nosurprise,nowonder,regret,shame.Itwassuggestedthathe（should）jointheclubactivities.Itisstrange(surprising,disappointing)thatshe(should)nothavebeeninvited.Itisapitythathe(should)refusetoaccepttheoffer.同步練習(xí):1.Itisstrangethathe____B______so.A.thinksB.thinkC.thoughtD.willthink2.ItisimportantthatI___A__withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak3.It'sapitythathe___A___suchagoodchance.A．shouldmissB．shouldhavemissedC．hasmissedD．a(chǎn)lltheabove2.賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1)wish后所跟賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（意為要是，但愿…就好了），其形式主要有三種：☆表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish后接一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句☆表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：wish后接過(guò)去完成時(shí)或should/couldhavedone☆表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：wish后接would/could+動(dòng)詞原形Iwishitwerespringallyearround.Shewishedshehadstayedathome.Iwishitwouldbefinetomorrow.2)wouldrather,wouldsooner等表示愿望，其賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬過(guò)去式?！畋硎九c現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)含義事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式☆用過(guò)去完成式(had+過(guò)去分詞)表示過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的含義Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我寧愿你明天來(lái)。I’dsoonershelefttheheavyendoftheworktosomeoneelse.我寧愿她把重活留給別人。3)在表示建議，命令，要求等動(dòng)詞后的從句要用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。此類動(dòng)詞有：一堅(jiān)持：insist（堅(jiān)持要求）；一希望：desire；二命令：order,command；四建議：suggest,advise,propose,recommend；四要求：demand,require,ask,request.Theteacherorderedthatallthebooks(should)behandedinontime.同步練習(xí)：1．Thejobwouldrequirethat___B___at7o'clockeverymorning．A．hewillbeatthefactoryB．hebeatthefactoryC．hewasatthefactoryD．hehasbeenatthefactory2.Hisdoctorsuggestedthathe__C___ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took3.Iwishyou____B______himmytelephonenumber,butyoudid.A.didn’tgiveB.hadn’tgivenC.wouldn’tgiveD.shouldn’tgive4.Frankly,I’dratheryou___C___anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.doB.don’tdoC.didn’tdoD.willnotdoP.S.當(dāng)suggest表示‘暗示，說(shuō)明’之意；insist表示‘堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說(shuō)’之意時(shí)，從句不用虛擬，用正常的陳述語(yǔ)氣。Theyinsistedthathe（should）bepresentattheceremony.他們堅(jiān)決要求他出席這次典禮。Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.Shesuggestedthatwe(should)leaveearly.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithlife.同步練習(xí)：1.Jane's

pale

face

suggested

that

she

___B___

ill

and

her

parents

suggested

that

she

______

a

medical

examination.

A.

be;

should

have

B.

was;

have

C.

should

be;

had

D.

was;

has2.Themaninprisoninsistedthathe____A_____nothingwrongand_________setfree.A.haddone,shouldbeB.shoulddo,shouldbeC.haddone,hadbeenD.shoulddo,hadbeen【分析】此題容易誤選B，想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為insist后的從句謂語(yǔ)要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。事實(shí)上，insist后的從句謂語(yǔ)是否用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，要看該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的含義。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，若該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實(shí)，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；若該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)，則要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。對(duì)上題而言，坐牢的這個(gè)人堅(jiān)持了兩點(diǎn)：一是沒(méi)做錯(cuò)事，二是應(yīng)該釋放。很顯然，在坐牢這個(gè)人看來(lái)，“沒(méi)做錯(cuò)事”應(yīng)該是事實(shí)，故用陳述語(yǔ)氣；“被釋放”還不是事實(shí)（因?yàn)樗€在坐牢），故用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。所以此題的最佳答案應(yīng)為A。又如：HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter.他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)我看過(guò)他的信。（“看信”已成為事實(shí)，故用陳述語(yǔ)氣）HeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter.他堅(jiān)持要我看他的信。（“看信”尚未成為事實(shí)，故用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鱿旅嬉活}Thepatientinsistedthathe_________illand_________tothehospital.A.wasn’t,wasn’tsentB.wasn’t,shouldn’tbesentC.shouldn’tbe,wasn’tsentD.shouldn’tbe,shouldn’tbesent答案選B，因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)話者看來(lái)，“沒(méi)病”是事實(shí)，故用陳述語(yǔ)氣；“不送醫(yī)院”尚未成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，故用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。3.表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表示建議，命令，要求的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。常見(jiàn)名詞有：advice,desire,request,demand,proposal,suggestion,requirement,order.Hegaveordersthattheguests(should)behospitalentertained.Hisproposalisthatwe(should)getridofthebadhabits.同步練習(xí)：Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting___B___offtillnextweek．A．toputB．beputC．shouldputD．beputting（五）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法在Itis(high/about)timethat…句型中也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句常用過(guò)去式，有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不可省略，表示早該做而沒(méi)做的事，含建議的意味。Itistimethatwewenthome.Ithinkit’shightimethatshemadeuphermind.我想她該拿定主意了。P.S.此句型中，注意與It/Thisisthe+序數(shù)詞+timethat+現(xiàn)在完成式的區(qū)別。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.同步練習(xí)：It’shightimeyou__C____.A.starttoworkB.wouldstarttoworkC.startedtoworkD.hadstartedtowork（六）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法

①方式狀語(yǔ)從句

由as

if

或as

though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣表示可能符合事實(shí)的情況，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與事實(shí)不符或與事實(shí)相反的情況。

☆表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不相符，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

The

teacher

treats

the

pupil

as

if

he

were

her

own

child.

（這位學(xué)生并不是她的親生孩子）

☆表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)不相符，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

I

felt

as

though

we

had

known

each

other

for

years.

（其實(shí)并沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)多年）

☆表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)不相符，用would/might/could+do

It

looks

as

if

it

might

rain.

天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）

對(duì)比：

He

looks

as

if

he

is

young.

看樣子他好像很年輕。（他就是年輕）

He

looks

as

if

he

were

young.

看樣子他好像很年輕。（實(shí)際上他不年輕）

②目的狀語(yǔ)從句

a.

由in

case,

lest,

for

fear

that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句，動(dòng)詞用“should

+

動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示憂慮或目的。

Please

remind

me

of

it

again

tomorrow

in

case

I

(should)

forget.

She

emphasized

it

again

and

again,

lest

he

(should)

forget.

We

talked

the

matter

over

face

to

face

for

fear

that

there

should

be

any

misunderstanding.

b.

在in

order

that和so

that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。

I

shall

write

down

your

telephone

number

so

that

I

may

not

forget.

They

worked

harder

than

usual

in

order

that

they

could

finish

the

work

ahead

of

time.

We

will

tell

you

the

truth

so

that

you

can

judge

for

yourself.

③讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

讓步狀語(yǔ)從句指事實(shí)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣。若從句內(nèi)容表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的假設(shè)情況，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

Though

he

(should)

fail,

there

would

still

be

hope.

I

should

say

the

same

thing

even

if

he

were

here.

Whether

he

(should)

succeed

or

fail,

we

shall

have

to

do

our

part.

However

hard

it

might

rain

rains,

we

shall

go

there

together.

No

matter

what

his

social

position

(might)

be,

a

man

is

equal

in

the

eye

of

the

law.

同步練習(xí)：1.Thetwostudentstalkedasifthey__D___friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen2.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe__A___.A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehindC.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehind3.Thedriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit____B__ontheway.A.goeswrongB.gowrongC.wentwrongD.wouldgowrong（七）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他情況中1.ifonly(但愿,要是…就好了)后接從句也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其用法與wish類似。

If

only

you

had

worked

with

greater

care!

(but

you

didn't

work

with

greater

care)

If

only

we

had

arrived

in

time,

we

would

not

have

missed

the

train!(but

we

didn't

arrive

in

time)

IfonlyIhadenoughmoney!If

only

she

would

win!但愿她能贏!與此句型容易混淆的還有一種結(jié)構(gòu)"only

if...",only置于if前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)if條件,意為"只要??",用于引導(dǎo)陳述語(yǔ)氣的真實(shí)條件句。

Only

if

you

study

hard,

you

will

pass

the

test.

只要你努力學(xué)習(xí),就會(huì)通過(guò)考試。2.動(dòng)詞hope,intend,mean,plan,want,think等詞用過(guò)去完成的形式，表示的意思為‘本想，本打算，本認(rèn)為’Hehadmeanttobuythefurniturelastweek,butitrained.（他上周本打算去買那件家具，但卻下雨了）Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheUSAandstudythere,butshesaidshelikedtostayinChina.3.表示愿望的感嘆句

在表示祝愿的感嘆句中，用動(dòng)詞原形，表示愿望。

Long

live

the

People's

Republic

of

China!

中華人民共和國(guó)萬(wàn)歲！

May

you

be

happy!

祝您快樂(lè)！

God

bless

you!

上帝保佑你！

Success

attend

you!

祝你成功！

The

Lord

save

us!

愿主救我們！同步練習(xí)：1.I

_____C______

to

stay

there

for

one

more

week,

but

I

changed

my

mind.

A.

would

have

hoped

B.

was

hoping

C.

had

hoped

D.

hoped2.If

only

you

_____B_____

him

what

I

said!

Everything

would

have

been

all

right.

A)

didn't

told

B)

hadn't

told

C)

would

not

tell

D)

would

have

not

told小結(jié)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在高考中主要是在聽(tīng)力可能考到，也可運(yùn)用于寫(xiě)作中，比如說(shuō)這個(gè)句型：Itishightimethatwetookmeasurestodealwith….，所以我們需要掌握一下。當(dāng)堂知識(shí)檢測(cè)1．Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatarea________assoonaspossible.A．mustimprove B．improve C．wasimproved D．beimproved2．IfonlyI________anumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.A．took B．shouldtake C．hadtaken D．take3．Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone________hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.A．has B．had C．willhave D．have4．JackMainsistedthatthere________noexcellentbusinessmenifeverythingwenttoosmoothlyandthatthey________asnormalinfaceofhardship.A．wouldbe:wouldcarryon B．wouldbe;carryonC．were;carriedon D．were;wouldcarryon5．WithoutthehelpofmyEnglishteacher，IthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeakingCompetition.A．wouldwin B．wouldhavewonC．wouldnotwin D．wouldnothavewon6．Itishightimethatweaction.Otherwisewelate.A．take;willbe B．take;areC．took;willbe D．took;wouldbe7．________whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.A．HadIknown B．IfIknow C．IfIknew D．IfhadIknown8．Ican’tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughhe________everything.A．knew B．knows C．hasknown D．hadknown9．Theprinterisofgoodqualityitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A．Would B．ShouldC．Could D．Might10．Theyadvisedthatapassport_____withyouatalltimes.A．carried B．wascarried C．becarried D．carry11．HespeaksChinesefluentlyasifhe_____aChinese.A．were B．hadbeenC．is D．hasbeen12．That________surprisinginthepast.A．wereconsidered B．a(chǎn)reconsideredC．hadbeenconsidered D．wouldhavebeenconsidered13．ThebossdemandedthatMary______theworkwithinaweek.A．finished B．wouldfinish C．hadfinished D．finish14．He_____thepersonreferredtobeputinprison.A．said B．demanded C．a(chǎn)greed D．thought15．—Iheardyourjourneywasnotverypleasant.—Butforthesuddenrainweawonderfultime.A．willhave B．shouldhavehadC．shouldhave D．had16．—IhaveheardthatJohnwrotealonglettertothepresident.—Hisuncleinsistedthathe______it.A．did B．haddone C．do D．woulddo17．Thelocalauthoritieshadgiventheinstructionthatalltheoldbuildingsthere_____pulleddown.A．havetobe B．willbe C．be D．mustbe18．Ifyou________afewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.A．hadcome B．havecome C．weretocome D．shouldcome19．Butforyourgeneroushelp,we________thetaskaheadoftime.A．wouldnotfulfill B．wouldnothavefulfilledC．wouldfulfill D．wouldhavefulfilled20．Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI’drathershe________moreonitseducation.A．focus B．focused C．wouldfocus D．hadfocused21．Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifit________breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A．would B．should C．could D．might22．—Lilylookshotanddrytoday.—So________youifyouhadsohighafever.A．do B．a(chǎn)re C．will D．would23．HowIwishI________torepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.A．hadtried B．hadn’ttried C．havetried D．didn’ttry24．Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife________tofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperloveforthesechildren.A．beencouraged B．a(chǎn)reencouraged C．wereencouraged D．shouldencourage25．Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe________mehow.A．teaches B．willteach C．hastaught D．wouldteach26．I________youavaluablepresentforyourbirthday,butI________allmymoney.A．wouldliketogive;ranoutofB．wouldliketohavegiven;ranoutofC．wouldliketogive;wasrunoutofD．wouldliketogive;ranout27．Lindacouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifshe________afewbooksonworldhistorybeforehand.A．hadn’tread B．hasn’tread C．wouldn’thaveread D．didn’tread28．Ifyou________thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepynow.A．haven’twatched B．hadn’twatched C．didn’twatch D．wouldn’thavewatched29．Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalmines________downinhalfayear.A．wouldbeclosed B．shouldbeclosed C．mustbeclosed D．wouldclose30．—HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?—No,butIwishI________.A．will B．have C．did D．had31．________theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA．Haditnotbeenfor B．Ifitwerenot C．Ifithadnotbeenfor D．Wereitnotfor32．Mydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport________toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.A．shouldemail B．emailed C．mustbeemailed D．bee-mailed33．Thecommandthattheinjured______tothehospitalwithoutdelay______wise.A．weresent;wasproved B．besent;provedC．shouldbesent;wasproved D．weresent;proved34．It________myteacherwhosuggestedthatI________toworkoutwhatmajorIwouldliketochoose.A．is;hadstarted B．was;startC．is;start D．was;hadstarted35．—Doyoufeellike________thereorshallwetakeabus?—I’dliketowalk,butsincethereisnotimeleft,I’dratherwe________ataxi.A．towalk;take B．walking;tookC．towalk;took D．walking;take36．I’vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.ButI’dratheryou________.A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t37．Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatient________now.A．willbealive B．willhavebeenalive C．wouldhavebeenalive D．wouldbealive38．Theprofessorinsistedthathissolution________morepracticalandthatwe________itintopracticeassoonaspossible.A．was;put B．was;mustput C．shouldbe;put D．shouldbe;put39．Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfI________free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.A．havebeen B．hadbeen C．a(chǎn)m D．were40．________thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.A．Inspiteof B．Becauseof C．Butfor D．Dueto41．Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms________backasearlyaspossible.A．a(chǎn)resent B．besent C．willbesent D．shouldsend42．Attheroutineofficemeeting,theheadmasterinsistedtheproblems______paidspecialattentionto.A．referredtobeing B．referredtobe C．refertobeing D．refertobe43．Mysuggestionisthatyoumuchmeat.A．wouldn’ttake B．shallnottakeC．nothave D．won’thave44．—Ididn’tgotothemovielastnightbecauseoftherain.—Whatapity!IfIhadgottheticket,I__________it.A．wouldn’thavemissed B．wouldn’tmissC．didn’tmiss D．hadn’tmissed45．ThepeoplewholovepeacedothinkthatitistimetheviolentconflictsinLibya________.A．cometoanend B．puttoanendC．cametoanend D．bringtoanend46．—Yoursisternearly_____allhersparetimetoherstudyduringthethreeyears.—That’sright,orshe______thefirstplaceinherschoolintheCollegeEntranceExamination.A．devoted;wouldn’thavetaken B．spent;wouldn’thavetakenC．hadn’tdevoted;hadn’ttaken D．hadn’tspent;couldn’ttake47．Hewasdeterminedthathischildren_____tothebestschoolavailable.A．shouldgo B．went C．oughttogo D．wouldgo48．Weinsistedthatthemeaninglessargument________.A．shouldbringtoanendB．wasbroughttoanendC．mightcometoanendD．cometoanend49．_____,I’dhavetoldyou.A．IfIwouldhaveknownitB．IfIhadhaveknownitC．HadIknownitD．ShouldIknowit50．Itisthefirsttimehe________hereandnowitishightimethathe________around.A．come;shouldbeshowedB．hascome;wasshowedC．hascome;beshowedD．came;wasshowed參考答案：1．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：有人要求盡快改善那個(gè)地區(qū)的工作條件。Itwasdemandedthat...里It是形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是主語(yǔ)從句，從句中應(yīng)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，工作條件是被改善，因此空格處是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)shouldbeimproved，should可省略，故選D。2．C【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：要是我昨晚帶把傘就好了!我全身都濕透了。Ifonly表示“要是……就好了”，這里表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，因此空格處是hadtaken，故選C。3．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：新的交通法規(guī)要求每個(gè)人每年至少檢查一次他或她的車。require后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，should可省略，因此空格處是動(dòng)詞原形have，故選D。4．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和陳述語(yǔ)氣。句意：馬云堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，如果一切都太順利，就不會(huì)有優(yōu)秀的商人，他堅(jiān)決主張他們會(huì)像往常一樣面對(duì)困難。分析句意可知，第一空所在句的insisted意為“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，that從句中用陳述語(yǔ)氣，由insisted可知，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)句意可知，第一空處意為“將會(huì)有”，因此用wouldbe；第二空所在句中被省略的insisted意為“堅(jiān)決主張”，其后that從句用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，should可省略，因此第二空用carryon，故選B。5．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：沒(méi)有英語(yǔ)老師的幫助，我不會(huì)在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中獲取第一名。根據(jù)句意可知，空格處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用would(not)havedone形式，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，即“如果沒(méi)有英語(yǔ)老師的幫助（實(shí)際他/她給予我很大幫助），我不會(huì)獲獎(jiǎng)”，故選D。6．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：該是我們采取行動(dòng)的時(shí)候了。否則我們就遲到了。It’shightimethat結(jié)構(gòu)中用過(guò)去時(shí)；otherwise相當(dāng)于if虛擬條件句，其后的主句為與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。故選D。7．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果我知道接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么，我絕不會(huì)丟下她一個(gè)人。本句是省略了if的條件句，且表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。使用if省略，把had提到從句主語(yǔ)之前，故選A。8．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那個(gè)年輕人。他說(shuō)起話來(lái)總是好像什么都知道似的。分析句子，句中asthough意為“似乎，好像”，后面的內(nèi)容表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，即對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。9．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：這臺(tái)打印機(jī)質(zhì)量很好。如果購(gòu)買后第一年之內(nèi)出現(xiàn)故障，我們將免費(fèi)為您維修。根據(jù)句意可知，該空格處表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，為“should+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分”的倒裝形式，且表示該假設(shè)的情況發(fā)生幾率不大。故選B。10．C【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：他們建議你隨身攜帶護(hù)照。advise后跟從句時(shí)，從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即(should)+do，且passport和carry之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用(should)becarried。故選C。11．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：他說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)是那樣的流利就好像他是一個(gè)中國(guó)人?！八且粋€(gè)中國(guó)人”是假設(shè)，所以此處asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；由句意可知，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，be動(dòng)詞要用were。故選A。12．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：這在過(guò)去會(huì)被認(rèn)為是令人驚訝的。從inthepast可知，不能選擇B、C；wouldhavebeenconsidered是if虛擬語(yǔ)氣句中的主句，表示同過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，該句省略了if從句。故選D。13．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：老板要求瑪麗在一周內(nèi)完成工作。分析句意可知，動(dòng)詞demand“要求”后跟從句時(shí)，從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)do。故選D項(xiàng)。14．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：他要球被提到的這個(gè)人應(yīng)該被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。A.said說(shuō)；B.demanded要求；C.agreed同意；D.thought認(rèn)為。demandthat后可以接虛擬語(yǔ)氣，結(jié)構(gòu)為(should)+do的形式。故選B項(xiàng)。15．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：——我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你的旅途不太愉快。——要不是突然下起了雨，我們會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心的。由語(yǔ)境可知，該句應(yīng)是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，應(yīng)用would/should/could...＋havedone結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。16．C【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：——我聽(tīng)說(shuō)約翰給總統(tǒng)寫(xiě)了一封長(zhǎng)信?！迨鍒?jiān)持要他做這件事。句中的insist意為“堅(jiān)持要求”之意，因此賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，should可以省略。故選C。17．C【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣严铝畈鸪抢锼械呐f建筑。instruction后that引出的同位語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)do形式。所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是省略should+動(dòng)詞原形，被拆除，是be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，故選C。18．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果你早幾分鐘到，你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到那位著名的科學(xué)家。if條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句用could/wouldhavedone，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選A。19．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果沒(méi)有你的慷慨幫助，我們是不會(huì)提前完成任務(wù)的。根據(jù)句意可知，該題中的butfor是隱含含蓄條件的介詞短語(yǔ)，其意義為“要不是，如果沒(méi)有”，根據(jù)句意可知，該句子表示和過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用would/couldhavedone，所以先排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)；但是根據(jù)句意，主句應(yīng)該用否定句，所以D項(xiàng)不對(duì)。故選B項(xiàng)。20．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：蘇珊將發(fā)表一個(gè)關(guān)于他的國(guó)家文化的演講，但我寧愿她專注于更多關(guān)于教育的演講。Iwouldratherthat...后接從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反均用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。該句與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)21．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：這架數(shù)碼相機(jī)質(zhì)量很好。如果在一年內(nèi)壞了，我們將免費(fèi)修理。根據(jù)句意可知，該題是考查與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if虛擬條件句表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式或weretodo或should+動(dòng)詞原形。故選B項(xiàng)。22．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：——莉莉今天看起來(lái)很燥熱。——如果你發(fā)這么高的燒，你也會(huì)的。根據(jù)句意可知，第二個(gè)人說(shuō)的話是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，所以，應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，同時(shí)空格處又是該句子的主句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用woulddo。故選D項(xiàng)。23．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我多么希望我沒(méi)有去修理那塊表！我只讓事情變得更糟了。動(dòng)詞wish后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，若表示與過(guò)去相反的愿望，從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。根據(jù)句意以及“made”可知，句中表示和過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情形，所以賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。結(jié)合Ionlymadeitworse.可知，此處表示我多么希望我沒(méi)有修理那塊表，故選B。24．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我的建議是，更多各行各業(yè)的人們被鼓勵(lì)用他們對(duì)這些孩子更深的愛(ài)來(lái)資助這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。suggestion后的表語(yǔ)that從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省。且主語(yǔ)people與encourage是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。25．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：托馬斯可以把他的馬達(dá)拆開(kāi)再組裝起來(lái)。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)將來(lái)的愿望應(yīng)用would/could/mightdo。故選D。26．B【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及虛擬。句意：我本來(lái)想給你買一份貴重的生日禮物，但我把錢(qián)花光了。分析句子可知，第一空是在過(guò)去虛擬條件“如果我的錢(qián)沒(méi)有花完”下，得出的結(jié)論，故需要用到wouldliketo

havedone表示“本想……但沒(méi)有”。主語(yǔ)I和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)runoutof為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)形式即可。故選B項(xiàng)。27．A【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果琳達(dá)沒(méi)有預(yù)先讀過(guò)幾本關(guān)于世界歷史的書(shū)，她就不能這么輕易地回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題了。由句意和上文的couldn'thaveanswered可知，此處是if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選A。28．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果你昨晚沒(méi)有看那部晚場(chǎng)電影，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)這么困了。由語(yǔ)意可知，之所以你感到困，是因?yàn)槟阕蛲砜戳艘箞?chǎng)電影，由此可知如果你沒(méi)有看，你就不會(huì)困。本句是錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即haddone結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B項(xiàng)。29．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：命令規(guī)定半年內(nèi)關(guān)閉所有小煤礦。order,advice,command等表示“建議”類名詞與that從句連用，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，且用should+動(dòng)詞原形。故選B項(xiàng)。30．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：——你去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？——沒(méi)有，但我希望我有。Iwish...從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。had后面承前省略了beentotheGreatWall。故選D項(xiàng)。31．D【詳解】考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。句意：要不是因?yàn)檫@些云的話，你很容易就能在空中找到那架飛機(jī)。這里的“要不是因?yàn)檫@些云的話”是一種與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，A、C項(xiàng)都是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，應(yīng)排除；即為ifitwerenotfor，這里是省略了if將be動(dòng)詞提前，從句倒裝。故選D項(xiàng)。32．D【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我的要求是，我報(bào)告中提到的資料應(yīng)立即用電子郵件寄給布朗先生。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，was后面是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，空格處是該表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)部分，而英語(yǔ)中demand,advice,proposal,suggestion等名詞跟表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用shoulddo，should可以省略，所以排除B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)；從句的主語(yǔ)theinformation和動(dòng)詞e-mail之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。33．B【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：立即將傷者送往醫(yī)院的命令被證明是明智的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，名詞command后為同位語(yǔ)從句，that從句常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，should可省略。主句陳述過(guò)去事實(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。動(dòng)詞prove為系動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。34．B【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：是我的老師建議我開(kāi)始考慮我想選什么專業(yè)。主句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分