【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)同步精練：必修4-Unit-2單元測(cè)試(人教版-重慶專用)

Unit2Workingtheland(滿分：150分，時(shí)間：120分鐘)一、單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．________“OccupyWallStreet”movementstartedas________wayofshowingfrustration(懊喪)abouthighunemployment，socialinequalityandotherissuesinAmericansociety.A．A；a B．The；the C．/；a D．The；a答案D[考查冠詞。句意：“占據(jù)華爾街”運(yùn)動(dòng)是人們表達(dá)懊喪心情的一種方式，如對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)高失業(yè)率、社會(huì)不公平現(xiàn)象以及其他社會(huì)問(wèn)題的不滿。the“OccupyWallStreet”movement“占據(jù)華爾街”運(yùn)動(dòng)，這個(gè)專出名詞是由一般名詞構(gòu)成的，故加the表示特指；awayof...“一種……的方式”。]2．Therearemanysalesofmobilephonesonwww.taobao.com，andyoucanchoose________basedonyourowninterests.A．that B．each C．it D．one答案D[考查代詞的用法。句意：在淘寶網(wǎng)上有很多手機(jī)出售，你可以依據(jù)自己的愛好選擇一款。one泛指“從網(wǎng)上選一款手機(jī)”；that特指“同一類”；it指同一個(gè)。]3．(2021·?？诟咭粰z測(cè))Waterfrompoisonedwellsmay________deadlycancers.A．resultfrom B．sufferfromC．leadto D．liein答案C[考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：有毒的井水可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致致命的癌癥。leadto“導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)”，符合題意。resultfrom起因于，由……造成；sufferfrom患?。籰iein在于。]4．Theteacheradvisedmeto________mystoryintoanovel.A．share B．expandC．explode D．respond答案B[考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：老師建議我把我的故事擴(kuò)展成一部小說(shuō)。expand“使變大；擴(kuò)展”，expand...into...“把……擴(kuò)展成……”，符合題意。share共享，分擔(dān)；explode爆炸；respond作出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)。]5．________thehelpofthePLAmen，manypeoplesurvivedtheearthquake.A．Thanksto B．AsaresultC．Asfor D．Inspiteof答案A[考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：幸虧有解放軍的掛念，很多人才在地震中幸免于難。thanksto“幸虧；由于”，符合題意。asaresult結(jié)果，因此；asfor關(guān)于；至于；inspiteof不管，盡管。]6．(2021·石家莊高一檢測(cè))—Doyoufeellikedrivingout?—No.I'dratherwe________ataxi.A．take B．taking C．havetaken D．took答案D[考查wouldrather從句的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你想駕車出行嗎？——不，我寧愿我們乘出租車。wouldrather后接的從句中謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。]7．Hewasverytired，and________hedidn'tgivethemarketreport.A．so B．therefore C．however D．though答案B[句意：他很累，因此他沒有作市場(chǎng)報(bào)告。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句，故空處應(yīng)為副詞，前后為因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)用therefore“因此；所以”。so作“因此；所以”講時(shí)為連詞；however“然而”，表轉(zhuǎn)折；though“雖然；盡管”，為連詞。]8．(2021·青島高一檢測(cè))—Youarenotyourself.What'sthematterwithyou?—Ihavefailedintheexperiment.I________nothavingfollowedmyteacher'sadvice.A．refer B．intend C．respect D．regret答案D[考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：——你看起來(lái)不對(duì)勁。怎么了？——我的試驗(yàn)失敗了。我懊悔沒有聽老師的建議。regrethavingdonesth“懊悔做了某事”，符合題意。refer常和to連用，表示“談到；查閱”；intendtodosth打算做某事；respect“敬重；敬重”，常用于respectsbfor(doing)sth結(jié)構(gòu)。]9．—Whathasmadehimupsetrecently?—________alonetofacethetroublesomecase.A．Left B．BeingleftC．Havingleft D．Toleave答案B[考查動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。句意：——是什么讓他最近這么心煩？——獨(dú)自被留下面對(duì)問(wèn)題大事。答語(yǔ)是只保留了主語(yǔ)的省略句，且he與leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。]10．—Wouldyouliketomakecomments________ourfootballteam'sperformancesduringthewholeyear?—Sorry，butIamnotinapositiontodoso.A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．with D．in答案B[考查短語(yǔ)搭配。句意：——你能就我們足球隊(duì)一年的表現(xiàn)發(fā)表一些評(píng)論嗎？——愧疚，我沒有資格這么做。makecommentson“對(duì)……加以評(píng)論”，為固定搭配。]11．Itisrequiredthatallthevehiclecompaniesshould________theircarswithsafetybelts.A．a(chǎn)ssociate B．equip C．relate D．feed答案B[考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：要求全部的汽車公司給他們的汽車配備平安帶。equip...with...“給……配備……”，符合題意。associate...with...“把……和……聯(lián)系起來(lái)”；relate通常與介詞to搭配；feed...with...中with表示把……放進(jìn)……。]12．(2021·株洲高一檢測(cè))Theyboughtsomecarsfromthedevelopedcountrieswiththedollarsearnedby________wheat，cornandrice.A．tobeexported B．toexportC．exported D．exporting答案D[考查動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。句意：他們用出口小麥、玉米和大米賺得的美元從發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家購(gòu)買了一些小汽車。by后用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，故選D。]13．Hiswinningthecompetitionhas________hisconfidence.A．setup B．putup C．builtup D．madeup答案C[考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他贏得了這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽，增加了他的信念。buildup“漸漸增加；建立”，符合題意。]14．Theteacherwassatisfied________theprogresshehasmade，becauseheridhimself________beinglazyandcareless.A．a(chǎn)bout；of B．with；fromC．with；of D．a(chǎn)t；off答案C[考查固定搭配。句意：老師對(duì)他已取得的進(jìn)步很滿足，由于他消退了懶散和馬虎。besatisfiedwith對(duì)……滿足；rid...of...使……擺脫或除去……。]15．ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses________energyasthewholeofEurope.A．a(chǎn)stwice B．twicemuchC．twicemuchas D．twiceasmuch答案D[考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，美國(guó)使用的能源是整個(gè)歐洲使用能源的兩倍。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法常用的有三種：(1)倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)＋than...(2)倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as...(3)倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/length/height...)＋of...，這里考查的是其次種，不過(guò)在形容詞原級(jí)之后加了一個(gè)名詞。]二、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從16～35各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMyfriendsandIhadjustfinishedlunchatahotelwhenitstartedtopourheavily.Whenitbecamelighter，Idecidedto__16__theraintogetmycar，whichwasparkedatmyofficethreestreetsaway.Myfriends__17__thatIshouldn'tgo，mainlybecauseIwassevenmonthspregnantthen.IassuredthemthatI'dbevery__18__.Iwalkedoutofthehotelandstartedmakingmy__19__tothecar.Atthetrafficjunction，avan__20__andthepassengergotoffwithanumbrella.BeforeIknewwhatwashappening，hewalkedrightbesidemeandtoldmehe'descort(護(hù)送)metomy__21__.Iwasveryembarrassedand__22__，buthewasverypersistent.Duringourwalk，hekepttellingmetowalk__23__，asthegroundwaswet.Whenwegottothecarpark，Ithankedhimandwepartedways.Ididnotgethisnameandmaynoteven__24__himnow.Didhepurposelystopforme？I'llneverknow.SohowdidIpayitforward？IwasathomewhenI__25__twoIndianconstructionworkerswalkingintheheavyrain.Theywereprobablyontheirwaytotheconstructionsitenearmyestate.Iwentoutand__26__themanumbrella，tellingthemtheyshouldtaketheumbrellaandkeepit.Theywereverygratefulandlikeme，probablywonderedwhya__27__wasofferingsuchkindness.16．A.carry B．keep C．brave D．collect答案C[作者打算冒雨去開車。brave為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“英勇地面對(duì)”。]17．A.guessed B．a(chǎn)rguedC．complained D．promised答案B[伴侶不主見她冒雨前行。argue表示提出理由贊成或反對(duì)。]18．A.successful B．carefulC．joyful D．stressful答案B[作者向伴侶保證會(huì)當(dāng)心的(careful)。]19．A.call B．change C．way D．choice答案C[makeone'sway為固定搭配，意為“上路”。]20．A.disappeared B．leftC．started D．stopped答案D[依據(jù)下文thepassengergotoffwithanumbrella可知，這輛面包車停了下來(lái)。]21．A.destination B．hotelC．office D．company答案A[依據(jù)全文推斷可知，這位乘客要送作者到目的地(destination)。]22．A.agreed B．declinedC．smiled D．cried答案B[依據(jù)下文buthewasverypersistent可知，雖然作者表示謝絕(declined)，但乘客還是堅(jiān)持護(hù)送她。]23．A.slower B．a(chǎn)lone C．a(chǎn)head D．together答案A[依據(jù)上文Iwassevenmonthspregnantthen和下文asthegroundwaswet可知，他一再囑咐作者要慢一些走。]24．A.like B．spot C．recall D．recognise答案D[那時(shí)作者沒有問(wèn)及那位好心人的名字，甚至現(xiàn)在不會(huì)再認(rèn)出(recognise)他。like寵愛；spot看出，發(fā)覺；recall回憶。]25．A.imagined B．noticed C．invited D．heard答案B[作者打算把愛心傳遞下去。有一天，在家時(shí)突然發(fā)覺(noticed)冒雨前行的兩名印度建筑工人。]26．A.passed B．made C．showed D．sold答案A[作者把一把雨傘送給這兩個(gè)人。passsb.sth.意為“把某物交/傳給某人”。]27．A.passerby B．strangerC．man D．woman答案B[依據(jù)作者個(gè)人經(jīng)受，可以推斷這兩個(gè)印度工人也會(huì)對(duì)來(lái)自于一個(gè)生疏人(stranger)的善舉感到驚異。]BDoyouoftenseesillywordsordrawings__28__ontothedesksinyourclassroom？Howmanytimeshaveyouseen__29__windowsintheclassroomsandotherschoolbuildings？Thisisvandalism(有意損壞)，thedestroyingordamagingofpublic__30__fornoobviousreason.Vandalisminschoolsisbecomingagrowingproblem，anditis__31__usmorethanmoney.Itcostsusourfeelingofprideinourschool.Howcanwe__32__vandalisminschools？Firstofall，weneedtomakestudentsrealizetheimportanceoftakingcareofpublicproperty.Second，weshouldlearntoobeyschoolrulesand__33__.Ifitisseriousvandalism，weneedtoreportittotheteacher.Third，anyonewho__34__schoolpropertyshouldreceivesomekindofpunishment.Wewillbegintoseecleanerschoolandhappierstudentswhenwe__35__themaboutvandalismandworktopreventitfromhappening.28．A.appeared B．damaged C．carved D．bent答案C[通讀全文可知作者在文章開頭列舉了有意損壞公物的例子。此處指在桌子上“刻(carve)”字或畫。]29．A.broken B．a(chǎn)bolishedC．a(chǎn)bandoned D．a(chǎn)ttracted答案A[教室及其他學(xué)校建筑的“壞(broken)”窗戶。abolished徹底廢除的；abandoned遺棄的；attracted被吸引，均不符合語(yǔ)境。]30．A.property B．budgetC．content D．school答案A[第三段其次句話中的“publicproperty”可知A項(xiàng)正確，此處指公共財(cái)產(chǎn)。]31．A.paying B．spending C．giving D．costing答案D[有意損害公物讓我們失去的不僅僅是金錢。下文的“cost”為提示。]32．A.protect B．prevent C．realize D．fight答案B[從下文內(nèi)容看出，作者列舉了三種避開(prevent)有意損壞公物的措施。故選B。]33．A.orders B．demandsC．regulations D．intentions答案C[句意：我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)遵守學(xué)校規(guī)章制度。此空需要與上文的rules相呼應(yīng)。regulation規(guī)章，條例，符合語(yǔ)境。]34．A.measures B．mixes C．vandalizes D．occupies答案C[句意：不論誰(shuí)損壞公物都得受到某種懲處。依據(jù)上文第一段中的名詞vandalism不難推斷此處選它的動(dòng)詞形式vandalize。]35．A.educate B．tell C．order D．mention答案A[假如我們訓(xùn)練同學(xué)什么是有意破壞公物并實(shí)行措施加以防止，我們就會(huì)看到更加潔凈的校內(nèi)和更歡快的孩子。文章介紹的為校內(nèi)大事，故此處填“訓(xùn)練”一詞恰當(dāng)。]三、閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASeveralhundredstrangersreceived“l(fā)oveletters”fromayoungmanonthestreet.TheletterwaswrittenandgivenoutbyYangYang，whoaskedpassers-by，ashehandedthemthenotes，“Doyousufferfrompressure？”HewasastudentmajoringinhumanresourcesatChongqingUniversityofScienceandTechnology，whohopedtoshowhisdisappointmentwithjobhunting.Yang'sstoryhascaughtmediaattentionperhapsbecauseitissimilartothoseofmillionsofrecentgraduatesseekingjobsandstrugglingforsurvivalinthecountry'swealthiestcities.Theyhavediplomas，ratherthanprofessionalskills，andcometobigcitiesinhopesofbetterlives，onlytofindlow-payingjobsandpoorlivingconditions.TheyareChina's“anttribe(蟻?zhàn)?”，atermcoinedbysociologistLianSifromPekingUniversityinhis2009book，AntTribe.“They'resosimilartoants.Theysharesmallandnarrowlivingareas.They'reintelligentandhard-working，yetnamelessandunderpaid.”Thetermalsospeakstotheirhelplessnessinaworldgovernedbythelawofthejungle—onlythestrongestsurvive.AsurveyinLian'sanotherbookpublishedthisyear，AntTribeⅡ，foundnearly30percentof“ants”aregraduatesoffamousuniversities—almostthreetimeslastyear'spercentage.Mosthaddegreesinpopularmajors.Inaddition,7.2percentof“ants”haveatleastamaster'sdegreecomparedto1.6percentin2009.An“ant's”averagemonthlysalaryis1,904yuan，withabout64percentofthemearninglessthan2,000yuanamonth.Anothersurveyinthe2010AnnualReportontheDevelopmentofChineseTalentfoundmorethan1million“ants”liveinbigcities.“Mostantsarefromruralfamiliesorsmalltowns，andtheirexperiencesinordinaryuniversitiesdidn'tarmthemwellenoughtofightwithcompetitorsinbigcities'employmentmarkets.”ProfessorZhangMingatRenminUniversityofChinasaid.The“anttribe's”embarrassinglivingsituationshavebecomeaserioussocialproblem，andthegovernmentshoulddevelopsmallercitiestoattractmoregraduatesfrombigcities，Zhangbelieved.However,“ants”expectmorestudyandtrainingopportunitiesinbigcities，whichkeepsthempositivedespitetheirsituations.36．Yang'sstoryisintroducedinorderto________.A．a(chǎn)nalyzegraduates'difficultiesinfindingjobsB．leadtothetopicofthearticle—“anttribe”C．tellreadersastoryaboutthosebigcitiesD．showacleverwayofdealingwithpressure答案B[推理推斷題。文章用這個(gè)年輕人的故事反映出了就業(yè)的困難，從而導(dǎo)入“蟻?zhàn)濉边@個(gè)中心話題。]37．The“ants”failtofindhigh-payingjobsmainlybecause________.A．theyhavenodiplomasfromgooduniversitiesB．theydonothavenecessaryprofessionalskillsC．theirmajorsdonotmeettheneedsofsocietyD．thosefromruralareasarenottreatedequally答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段其次句話可知答案。]38．ProfessorZhangthought“ants”problemscouldbesolvedby________.A．creatingmorejobsforgraduatesinbigcitiesB．developingsmallercitiestoattractgraduatesC．sendinggraduatestoruralareasandsmalltownsD．traininggraduatestoimprovetheirability答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段的內(nèi)容可知，張教授認(rèn)為解決問(wèn)題的方法是進(jìn)展比較小的城市來(lái)吸引畢業(yè)生。]39．Bywritingthisarticle，theauthormainlymeanstoshow________.A．despitebettereducations，“ants”arestillstrugglingB．despitedifficulties，“ants”haveapromisingfutureC．bettereducation，betterjobopportunitiesD．AntTribeisagoodbooktohelpunderstandtoday'sChina答案A[目的意圖題。作者通過(guò)這篇文章敘述了現(xiàn)階段“蟻?zhàn)濉备咝．厴I(yè)生在社會(huì)上“掙扎”的生活狀態(tài)。]BOvertheDecemberholidays，myhusbandhada10-daysilentmeditation(冥思、默念)．Notmyideaoffun，buthecamebackrefreshedandenergetic.Hesaidtheexperiencewassofantasticthathehasbeeninmeditationfortwohoursaday，onceinthemorningandonceintheevening，untiltheendofMarch.He'srunninganexperimenttodeterminewhetherandhowmeditationactuallyimprovesthequalityofhislife.Ihavedoubtsaboutit.Butnow，scientistssaythatmeditatorslikemyhusbandmaybebenefitingfromchangesintheirbrains.Theresearchersreportthatthosewhomeditatedforabout30minutesadayforeightweekshadmeasurablechangesingreymatterdensityinpartsofthebrainassociatedwithmemory，senseofself，empathy(心靈相通)andstress.M．R.I(磁共振)brainscanstakenbeforeandaftertheparticipants'meditationfoundincreasedgreymatterinthehippocampue，anareaimportantforlearningandmemory.Theimagesalsoshowedareductionofgreymatterintheamygdala，apartconnectedtoanxietyandstress.Acontrolgroupthatdidnotpractisemeditationshowednosuchchanges.Howexactlydidthesestudyvolunteersmeditate？Somanypeopletalkaboutmeditatingthesedays.WithinfourmilesofourBayAreahome，thereareatleastsixcentersthatoffersometypeofmeditationclass，andIoftenhearphraseslike，“Sohowwasyoursittoday？”BrittaHolzel，aprofessoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolandthestudy'sleadauthor，saidtheparticipantspractisedmindfulnessmeditation，aformofsilentdeepthoughtthatwasintroducedintheUnitedStatesinthelate1970s.IttracesitsrootstothesameancientBuddhisttechniquesthatmyhusbandfollows.“Themainideaistousedifferentobjectstofocusone'sattention，anditcouldbeafocusonsensationsofbreathing，oremotionsorthoughts，orobservinganytypeofbodysensations，”shesaid.“Butit'saboutbringingthemindbacktothehereandnow，asopposedtolettingthemindwander.”Generallythemeditatorsareseateduprightonachairorthefloorandinsilence，althoughsometimestheremightbeaguideleadingthepractice，Dr.Holzelsaid.Ofcourse，it'simportanttorememberthatthehumanbrainiscomplex.“Thefieldisvery，veryyoung，andwedon'treallyknowenoughaboutityet，”Dr.Holzelsaid.“Iwouldsaythesearequitepreliminaryfindings.Weseethatthereissomethingthere，butwehavetotestthesefindingsoverandovertofindoutwhattheyreallymean.”Ithasbeenhardtoexactlytellthebenefitsofmeditation，buta2009studysuggeststhatmeditationmayreducebloodpressureforpatientswithcoronaryheartdisease(冠心病)．Anda2007studyfoundthatmeditatorshavelongerattentionperiods.Previousstudieshavealsoshownthattherearestructuraldifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmeditatorsandthosewhodon'tmeditate，althoughthisnewstudyisthefirsttorecordchangesingreymatterovertimethroughmeditation.Finally，Dr.Holzelsaidsheandhercolleagueswouldliketoprovehowmeditationresultsinclearimprovementsinpeople'slives.“Alotofstudiesfindthatitincreaseswell-being，improvesqualityoflife，butit'salwayshardtodeterminehowyoucanobjectivelytestthat，”shesaid.“Meditatorsmaybemorewillingtohelpwhensomeonesuffers，andactmoresympathetically.”Dr.Holzelsaid.Furtherstudyisneeded，butthatforetellswellforme.Fornow，I'mmorethanhappytosupportmyhusband'slittleexperiment，despitethefactthathenowrisesat5a．m.andisexhaustedby10atnight.AnempathetichusbandwhotakesouttherubbishandputspetrolinthecarbecauseheknowsIdon'tliketo—I'lltakethat.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】科學(xué)家們通過(guò)爭(zhēng)辯發(fā)覺，冥思可以轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)藗兇竽X內(nèi)和記憶力、自我意識(shí)、心靈相通和壓力有關(guān)的灰物質(zhì)的密度，在降低冠心病患者的血壓方面也有很大的掛念。科學(xué)家們將對(duì)冥思對(duì)于人們提高生活質(zhì)量和健康方面更具體的影響做進(jìn)一步的爭(zhēng)辯。40．Howlongdoestheauthor'shusbandcarryonwithhismeditationpractice?A．About1year. B．About4months.C．Abouthalfayear. D．About2months.答案B[依據(jù)文章第一段的第一句話和其次段的第一句話可知，作者丈夫的假期從12月開頭到3月底，所以時(shí)間應(yīng)當(dāng)為4個(gè)月。]41．Theunderlinedword“preliminary”inParagraph9means“________”．A．typical B．valuable C．original D．reliable答案C[original意為“最初的，原始的”。依據(jù)文章第九段中的第一、二句話“Ofcourse，it'simportanttorememberthatthehumanbrainiscomplex...”可知，在這方面的爭(zhēng)辯是最初的，還有很多要爭(zhēng)辯。]42．Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatthewifeis________.A．proudtohavesuchapatienthusbandB．gladtoseeherhusbandfullofenergyC．willingtofollowherhusband'sexampleD．happytohaveaconsideratehusband答案D[依據(jù)最終一段的最終一句話可知，“我”丈夫會(huì)主動(dòng)把垃圾帶出去，把汽車的油加滿，由于他知道“我”不寵愛做這些事情。故作者的丈夫是格外愛護(hù)的。]43．Whatcanbethepossibletitleforthepassage?A．WhatrolemeditationplaysinlifeB．HowmyhusbandpractisesmeditationC．HowmeditationmaydogoodtousD．WhatexperienceIgotfrommyhusband答案C[通讀全文可知，科學(xué)爭(zhēng)辯表明冥思給人們的健康和生活的各個(gè)方面都帶來(lái)了好處，因此C項(xiàng)最符合題意。]CTheresearchcarriedoutbytheUniversityofBariinItalycouldhelpprovehospitalswhoareaccusedofwastingmoneyonartanddecorationasitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientseasediscomfortandpain.AteamheadedbyProfessorMarinadeTommasoattheNeurophysiopathologyPainUnitaskedagroupofmenandwomentopickthe20paintingstheyconsideredmostuglyandmostbeautifulfromaselectionof300worksbyartistssuchasLeonardodaVinciandSandroBotticelli.Theywerethenaskedtolookateitherthebeautifulpaintings，ortheuglypaintings，orablankpanelwhiletheteamzapped(照射)ashortlaserpulseattheirhand，creatingasensationasiftheyhadbeenstuckbyapin.Thesubjectsratedthepainasbeingathirdlessintensewhiletheywereviewingthebeautifulpaintings，comparedwithwhenlookingattheuglypaintingsortheblankpanel.Electrodesmeasuringthebrain'selectricalactivityalsoconfirmedareducedresponsetothepainwhenthesubjectlookedatbeautifulpaintings.Whiledistractions，suchasmusic，areknowntoreducepaininhospitalpatients，ProfdeTommasosaysthisisthefirstresulttoshowthatbeautyplaysapart.Thefindings，reportedinNewScientist，alsogoalongwaytoshowthatbeautifulsurroundingscouldaidthehealingprocess.“Hospitalshavebeendesignedtobefunctional，butwethinkthattheirartisticaspectsshouldbetakenintoaccount，too，”saidtheneurologist.“Beautyobviouslyoffersadistractionthatuglypaintingsdonot.Butatleastthereisnosuggestionthatuglysurroundingsmakethepainworse.Ithinktheseresultsshowthatmoreresearchisneededintothefieldhowabeautifulenvironmentcanalleviatesuffering.”PicturestheylikedincludedStarryNightbyVincentVanGoghandBotticelli'sBirthofVenus.PicturestheyfounduglyincludedworksbyPabloPicasso，theItalian20thcenturyartistAnonioBuenoandColumbianFernandoBotero.“Thesepeoplewerenotartexpertssosomeofthepicturestheyfounduglywouldbeconsideredmasterpiecesbytheartworld，”saidProfdeTommaso.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】意大利巴里高校日前開展的一項(xiàng)爭(zhēng)辯表明，舒適愉悅的環(huán)境有助于減輕病人的苦痛。這一發(fā)覺有力地駁斥了認(rèn)為醫(yī)院不應(yīng)當(dāng)把錢鋪張?jiān)谒囆g(shù)品裝飾上的說(shuō)法。爭(zhēng)辯人員信任新的爭(zhēng)辯會(huì)對(duì)患者起到新的治療作用。44．Theunderlinedword“alleviate”inthe5thparagraphprobablymeans“_______”．A．cure B．ease C．improve D．kill答案B[詞義猜想題。依據(jù)文章的第一段最終一句asitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientseasediscomfortandpain可以得出本題的答案為ease(緩解，減輕)，而不是“治愈”“毀滅”或“增加”。]45．Howmanyartistshavebeenmentionedinthepassage?A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.答案C[數(shù)字計(jì)算題。本文提到的藝術(shù)家有LeonardodaVinci，SandroBotticelli，VincentVanGogh，PabloPicasso，AnonioBueno，ColumbianFernandoBotero六人。]46．Fromthelastparagraph，weknowthat________.A．someartists'paintingswerebeautiful，sotheyweremasterpiecesB．onlyartexpertscouldjudgetheyweremasterpiecesornot，thoughuglyC．theartistsmentionedabovewerenotreallyartmastersD．someofthemwereartmasters，whileotherswerenot答案B[推理推斷題。本段的最終一句的意思為：這些人不是藝術(shù)家，所以一些他們認(rèn)犯難看的作品其實(shí)都是世界名作。]47．Whichofthefollowingisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A．BeautifulsurroundingscaneasepainB．UglypaintingscouldbemasterpiecesC．MoreresearchshouldbedoneinthefieldD．Latestenvironmentalresearch答案A[主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和爭(zhēng)辯結(jié)果可知，本題答案為A。B、C只是爭(zhēng)辯結(jié)果中的一部分，不能概括全文。D的范圍過(guò)大。]DManypeoplefeelthattheirparentswereharderonthemthanontheirbrotherorsister.Andmanyarequicktoblamenegativeresultsinadulthoodonit.ButresultsfromaTempleUniversityResearchershavefoundthatamongsiblings(兄弟姐妹)inthesamefamily，recallednegativeearlyexperiencessuchasconflictswithparentsseemtohavelittleinfluenceoverpsychological(心理的)well-beinginmid-life.“Existingresearchsuggeststheimportanceofearlychildhoodparentaltreatmentonlaterwell-being，butrespondentsinthisstudywhothoughttheyweretreatedlessfavorablythantheirsiblingshavebeenfoundtobejustassatisfiedintheirlives，”saidAdamDavey，apsychologistintheCollegeofHealthProfessions.Davey'sstudylookedatdatacollectedfrom1,369siblingsbetweentheagesof26—74from498differentfamiliestodeterminetheextent(程度)towhichdifferentchildhoodtreatmentreachedintoadulthood.Eachsiblingansweredaseriesofquestionsabouttheirmemoriesofparentalaffection(寵愛)，conflictswiththeirparentswhentheywereyoungandcurrentwell-being.Daveyandhisteamfoundthatthosewhorememberedhavingmoreconflictswiththeirparentsthantheirsiblingsstilltendedtohavegenerallyhighlevelsofwell-beinginadulthood.Notsurprisingly，theyalsofoundthathappiermemories，suchasmemoriesofaffectionandwarmth，canhavepositiveeffects.Olderrespondentswhoweremarriedandhadchildrenoftheirowntendedtohaveamorepositiverecollectionoftheirchildhood.Daveysaysthesefindingscouldsuggestthatlifeexperienceactsasafilter(過(guò)濾)forrememberingchildhoodmemories.Headdsthatpersonalityalsoplaysarole：thosewhoweremoreout-goingtendedtohaveabetterrecollectionoftheirchildhood.“Evenpeoplewhogrowupinthesameenvironmentcanhavedifferentwaysofrecallingthepast.Andit'snotnecessarilywhathappensinthepast，butthewaywerememberitthatmakesadifferencetoourwell-being，”saidDavey.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】爭(zhēng)辯表明，負(fù)面的童年經(jīng)受對(duì)成年期的心理健康并無(wú)多大影響。48．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowhowtoimprovewell-beinginmid-life.B．Toteachparentshowtogivetheirchildrenahappierchildhood.C．Toblamesomeparentsforbeingharderononeoftheirchildren.D．Toshowthelinkbetweennegativechildhoodexperiencesandwell-beinginadulthood.答案D[作者意圖題。本文主要向大家呈現(xiàn)了一項(xiàng)爭(zhēng)辯結(jié)果，故選D。]49．Theresearchshowsthat________.A．negativeearlyexperienceshavelittleinfluenceoverwell-beinginmid-lifeB．peoplewhoweretreatedfavorablyaremoresatisfiedintheirlaterlivesC．earlychildhoodparentaltreatmentisimportanttolaterwell-beingD．it'simpossibleforparentstotreatchildrenequally答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的recallednegativeearlyexperiencessuchasconflictswithparentsseemtohavelittleinfluenceoverpsychologicalwell-beinginmid-life.可知應(yīng)選A。]50．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactoronhowpeoplerecollectchildhoodinParagraph5?A．Havingchildrenornot.B．Beinghealthyornot.C．Lifeexperience.D．Personality.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀第五段，可知影響兒時(shí)回憶的因素有：是否已婚和有孩子，生活經(jīng)受以及共性，作者并沒有提到健康與否是否會(huì)影響對(duì)兒時(shí)的回憶。]51．AccordingtoDavey，whatinfluencesourwell-beinginadulthood?A．Whathappenedinthepast.B．Howwerememberthepast.C．Theroleweplayinsociety.D．Howmuchwehave.答案B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)末段的it'snotnecessarilywhathappensinthepast，butthewaywerememberitthatmakesadifferenceinourwell-being可知應(yīng)選B。]EFROM1964to1978，Dazhai，withapopulationof500，wasthemostfamousvillageinChina.MillionsofChinesecametotheShanxivillagetovisititsterracedfields(梯田)and“splendid”irrigationsystems.Itwasnotuntil1978whenGuoFenglian，headofthevillage，paidavisittotheUSthatChina'smodelvillagefoundhowfarithadfallenbehindthoseindevelopedcountries.“Iwasastonishedattheirmodernequipmentinharvesting，whichcouldevenseparatebigtomatoesfromsmallones，”saidGuo.“Americanfarmers'lifequalityalsoimpressedmealot.Everydaytheyhadtwocupsofmilk，whichissomethingwedon'thaveeveninourwildestdreams.”“Wehavetolearntheiradvancedtechnologyandadministrationforourowndevelopment，”saidthenfirstDeputyPrimeMinisterDengXiaopingwhowasplanningChina'sreformandopeninguppolicythen.“Throughopeningourdoors，wewouldnotonlytakeadvantageofforeignfunds(資金)，butalsocreatejobopportunitiesandcultivate(培育)talents.”In1978JapaneseelectricitygiantPanasonic(松下)cametoChinaasthefirstforeignbusinesstoinvest(投資)hereanditssuccessattractedotherworldbrandsintoexploringtheChinesemarket.SofarChinahasfor15yearstakenintheworld'ssecondbiggestforeigninvestment，followingtheUS，tohelpsetthecountryinafastgrowth.However，China's30-yearroadofreformwasnotalwayssmooth.Doubtsonthereformbegantoriseattheendofthe1980sasmanypeopleworriedthecountrywouldturntocapitalism(資本主義)．“Thecriterionforourjudgmentiswhetherithelpsdevelopsocialistproductiveforces，whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry，andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards，”saidDeng.“China'sreformandopeningupisauniquesuccessstory.IthasbroughtbenefittobothChinaandtheworld，”saidWilliamKeller，chiefmanagerofaSwisspharmaceutical(制藥的)company.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，其大意是描述大寨村在改革開放后的歷史變化，從而影射出改革開放對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)展作出的貢獻(xiàn)。52．Dazhaiwasnotfamousfor________.A．thewonderfulirrigationsystemsB．itsterracedfieldsC．itsmodernequipmentD．thefarmer'slife答案C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的大意可知本題選C。本題難度適中。]53．GuoFenglianwas________atthesightofthemodernequipmentinharvestingwhenshevisitedtheUSin1978.A．shocked B．delightedC．excited D．a(chǎn)ttracted答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段首句中的astonished可知本題選A。本題易。]54．________wasthefirstbigcountrytoinvestinChina.A．America B．Japan C．Swiss D．Panasonic答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段首句可知本題選B。本題易。]55．Manypeoplehavedoubtsaboutthereform________.A．in1978 B．in1980C．in1981 D．a(chǎn)ttheendofthe1980s答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段大意可知本題選D。本題難度適中。]四、寫作(共兩個(gè)寫作任務(wù)，滿分35分)寫作一(滿分15分)請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下提示，結(jié)合你校內(nèi)生活中的一個(gè)事例，就“自信”這一話題，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文。Ifonehasnoconfidence，thereislittlepossibilitythatonecanachieveanythingwhenfacedwithhardships.留意：1