Knowing-me-knowing-you-第2課時(shí)-Using-language(教師版)

2019外研版必修三Unit1Knowingme,knowingyou1.2Usinglanguage目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航重點(diǎn)詞匯和詞轉(zhuǎn)1.annoyvt.使煩惱→annoyancen.煩惱，惱怒→annoyingadj.令人生氣的→annoyedadj.感到生氣的2.adjustvt.適應(yīng)，使習(xí)慣→adjustmentn.適應(yīng)，調(diào)整3.embarrassvt.使尷尬→.embarrassmentn.尷尬→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的→embarrassedadj.感到尷尬的4.ensurevt.確保，保證→sureadj.確定的5.complexityn．復(fù)雜性，錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜→complexadj.復(fù)雜的6.criticizevt.批評，指責(zé)→criticismn．批評→criticn．批評家→criticaladj.批判的7.dutyn.職責(zé)，義務(wù)，責(zé)任8.accidentn.意外事件，偶然因素9.coreadj.核心的10.forgivev.原諒，寬恕11.boxingn.拳擊12.approachn.方法v.靠近重點(diǎn)詞組1.beannoyedwithsbat/aboutsth因某事對某人生氣2.adjusttodoingsth適應(yīng)/習(xí)慣做某事3.makesure確保4.forgivesbforsth原諒某人某事5.criticizesbforsth因某事而批評某人6.pullone’sweight做好分內(nèi)事，盡責(zé)7.byaccident偶然，意外地8.inamess一團(tuán)糟9.beangrywith對...生氣10.besuretodosth.一定會做某事重點(diǎn)語法過去分詞作狀語：（課文原句）Disappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.Approachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.BecauseIwasdisappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.Ifyourfriendshipisapproachedinthisway,itwillsoonberepaired.知識精講知識精講過去分詞作狀語過去分詞起副詞的作用,在句中作狀語,它的正確運(yùn)用能使句子更好地表情達(dá)意。觀察探究:基本用法(1)作狀語用的過去分詞(短語)和句子的主語之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,或稱為_________關(guān)系。(2)過去分詞作狀語可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等,可以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。例如:Disappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.BecauseIwasdisappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.Approachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.Ifyourfriendshipisapproachedinthisway,itwillsoonberepaired.找出句子中畫線詞的邏輯主語1.Seenfromthetopofthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.

2.Borninapoorfamily,Janehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.

3.Thecupfelldowntotheground,broken.

4.Givenmoretime,hecandoitbetter.

5.Explainedahundredtimes,hestillcan’tunderstandit.

6.Supportedbythenurse,thepatientgotoffthebed.

7.Thehunterwalkedslowlyintotheforest,followedbyhisdog.

8.Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.

一、過去分詞作狀語的類型過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，可表示原因、條件、讓步、時(shí)間、方式和伴隨情況。過去分詞作方式狀語和伴隨狀語時(shí)可以變?yōu)椴⒘蟹志?，作其他狀語時(shí)可以變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的狀語從句。狀語類型例句原因Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade，heworksharder.→Ashe’sencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade，heworksharder.由于受到所取得進(jìn)步的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。條件Givenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.→Ifweweregivenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.如果多給我們點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們會做得更好。讓步Wounded，thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.→Althoughhewaswounded，thebravesolidercontinuedtofight.盡管受傷了，那位勇敢的戰(zhàn)士仍然繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。時(shí)間Discussedmanytimes，theproblemsweresettledatlast.→Aftertheywerediscussedmanytimes，theproblemsweresettledatlast.多次討論之后，這些問題終于解決了。方式Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom，supportedbyhisson.→Theoldmanwalkedintotheroomandwassupportedbyhisson.這位老人在兒子的攙扶下走進(jìn)了房間。伴隨MrsWucamein，followedbyherdaughter.→MrsWucameinandshewasfollowedbyherdaughter.吳太太走了進(jìn)來，她的女兒緊跟其后?？键c(diǎn)精講：1.作時(shí)間狀語相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句?？稍谶^去分詞前加上連詞when,while,until等,使其時(shí)間意義更明確。*Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Jacksaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.當(dāng)被問到對教學(xué)工作的觀點(diǎn)時(shí),杰克說他覺得它既有趣又有意義。2.作原因狀語相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句或并列句。*Absorbedinpainting,Tomdidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.=BecauseTomwasabsorbedinpainting,hedidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.=Tomwasabsorbedinpainting,sohedidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.由于專心畫畫,湯姆沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。3.作條件狀語相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句?？杉舆B詞if,unless等轉(zhuǎn)換成條件狀語從句。*Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.=Ifitisusedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.如果用得仔細(xì)的話,一罐可以夠用六周。4.作讓步狀語相當(dāng)于讓步狀語從句。有時(shí)可加although,though,evenif,eventhough,whether...or...等連詞轉(zhuǎn)換成讓步狀語從句。*Defeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.=Althoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.盡管被對手擊敗,但是他從沒放棄希望。5.作方式、伴隨狀語相當(dāng)于and連接的并列句。*Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.=Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved.她接受了禮物,深深地被感動(dòng)了。有些過去分詞(短語)因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞(短語)常見的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);dressedin(穿著);tiredof(厭煩)。*Lostinthought,hedidn’thearthedoorbell.由于陷入沉思之中,他沒有聽到鈴聲?；顚W(xué)活用：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)_________(develop)bytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.(2)______(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.(3)Children,when____________(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.(4)________(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.(5)__________(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.二、過去分詞作狀語時(shí)的位置過去分詞作條件、原因及時(shí)間狀語時(shí),通常放在句首;作伴隨、結(jié)果狀語時(shí),通常放在句末;作方式狀語時(shí),一般放在句末,有時(shí)也放在句首;作讓步狀語時(shí),一般放在句首,有時(shí)也放在句末。*Toldthathismotherwasill,thebosshurriedhomequickly.(原因狀語)得知母親生病了,老板迅速趕回了家。*Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.(方式狀語)老人在兒子的攙扶下走進(jìn)了房間。三、過去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語過去分詞作狀語時(shí),有時(shí)在分詞前加上自己的主語,這種帶有自身主語的過去分詞被稱為過去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。過去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語時(shí),通?？杀硎緯r(shí)間、原因、條件等。*Muchtimespentsittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.很多時(shí)間都坐在辦公桌旁,辦公室職員一般都受到健康問題的困擾?！炯磳W(xué)即練】用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語改寫句子(1)Afterthelecturewasgiven,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.→_______________,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.(2)Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,noneofwhichwereshippedtoforeigncountries.→Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,___________________toforeigncountries.(3)Becauseextramoneywasgiventothepoor,hefeltveryhappy.→________________tothepoor,hefeltveryhappy.四、過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別Ⅲ.過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別語法邏輯關(guān)系時(shí)間概念過去分詞作狀語過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作往往發(fā)生于謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，或表示“一種狀態(tài)”，與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即表主動(dòng)?，F(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。Seeingfromthehill，youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城市看起來像一個(gè)大花園。(see與句子的主語you之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)Seenfromthehill，thecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，這座城市看起來像一個(gè)大花園。(see與句子的主語thecity之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)溫馨提示過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone)作狀語時(shí)，都具有被動(dòng)意義，有時(shí)可以互換，但是havingbeendone結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先于句子的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作。Examinedcarefully，thepatientwassenttotheoperationroom.＝Havingbeenexaminedcarefully，thepatientwassenttotheoperationroom.仔細(xì)檢查之后，那個(gè)病人被送進(jìn)了手術(shù)室。Shownaroundthelab，weweretakentoseethelibrary.＝Havingbeenshownaroundthelab，weweretakentoseethelibrary.參觀了實(shí)驗(yàn)室之后，我們又被帶去參觀圖書館。過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,即表示被動(dòng);現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,即表示主動(dòng)?；顚W(xué)活用：____________foralongtime,thebooklooksold.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)由于用了很長時(shí)間,這本書看上去很舊。______________thebook,Ifinditveryuseful.(主謂關(guān)系)在使用這本書時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有用?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】分詞作狀語記憶口訣分詞作狀語,主語是問題。前后兩動(dòng)作,共用一主語。主語找出后,再來判關(guān)系。主動(dòng)用-ing,被動(dòng)用-ed。判斷題：無論是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞,其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致。如果不一致,則必須用狀語從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等其他表達(dá)形式。Givingmoretime,wecanfinishthework.()Givenmoretime,wecanfinishthework. ()Ifwearegivenmoretime,wecanfinishthework.()Moretimegiven,wecanfinishthework. ()【即學(xué)即練】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,______(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep. (2)—WhereisJimmy?—JustnowIsawhimsittingunderthetree,________(absorb)inhisvideogames.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)A.單句語法填空1．When_____(asked/asking)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob，Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.2．_____(Moved/Moving)totears，hestoodtheresilently.3．Theboylayinbed，_____(listening/listened)tomusic.4．______(Inspired/Inspiring)byMrChen’sspeech，theydecidedtostudyscienceharder.5．_____(Based/Basing)onatruestory，thebooktellshowahousewifeturnsintoaprofessionallawyer.6．______(Faced/Facing)withachoicebetweenartsandscience，thelittlegirldidn’tknowwhichtochoose.7．Ourmanager，_______(known/knowing)theproductsofourcompanywereofpoorquality，decidedtogivetheworkersfurthertraining.8．_____(Offered/Offering)animportantroleinanewmovie，Andygotachancetobecomefamous.9．Nervously______(facing/faced)challenges，IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“beyourself”．10．Thesmartphone_____(judging/judged)tobethebestever，usersallovertheworldclaimtheyloveit.1.asked2.Moved3.listening4.Inspired5.Based6.Faced7.knowing8.Offered9.facing10.judged句型轉(zhuǎn)換11．WhenitwastranslatedintoEnglish，thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.TranslatedintoEnglish，thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.12．Usedwithcare，onetinwilllastforsixweeks.Ifitisusedwithcare，onetinwilllastforsixweeks.13．BecauseIwasaskedtoworkovertimethatevening，Imissedawonderfulfilm.Askedtoworkovertimethatevening，Imissedawonderfulfilm.14．Hehurriedtothehallandwasfollowedbytwoguards.Hehurriedtothehall，followedbytwoguards.15．Hetookeverythingintoconsiderationandmadehisfinaldecision.Havingtakeneverythingintoconsideration，hemadehisfinaldecision.(用分詞短語作狀語改寫)Everythingtakenintoconsideration，hemadehisfinaldecision.(用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)翻譯句子1.Whenheated,waterwillbeturnedintosteam.2.Askedhowhebrokeintotheroom,hemadenoanswer.3.Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.4.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.5.Givenmorehelp,wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.能力提升能力提升C.語法填空OnSept.30hundredsofpeopleattendedthepremiere(首映式)ofthemovieMyPeople，MyCountryataLosAngelescinema.Chineseflags1.(wave)intheirhands，theaudiencesangMyPeople，MyCountry，itsthemesong，togetheratthestartofthefilm.Thesongisapatriotic(愛國的)Chineseclassic,2.isknownineveryhousehold.Itwas3.(original)performedbythesingerLiGuyiin1985andwasreworkedforthemoviebythepopsingerFayeWong.Thefilmconsistsofsevenshortstoriesfromsevendirectors4.makesuseofthenation’sgreatesttechnologicalandcultural5.(achieve)．Insteadoffocusingonthehistoricalmomentsthemselves，thefilmshowstheseeventsthroughtheeyesofordinarypeoplewho6.(devote)tooraffectedbythem.Theshortstory，TheGuidingStar，forexample，followsapairofbrothers.They7.(see)thelandingofthecapsuleoftheShenzhouⅪmannedspacecraftonNov.18,2016inInnerMongoliaandwerefull8.prideandhopeatthatmoment.“Ifapersonmeetsahistoricalopportunitytobechanged，the9.(inspire)powerisunbelievable，”ChenKaigetoldC.“Inmystory，thelandingofShenzhouⅪchangedthelivesoftwoteenagers，changedtheirfateandallowed10.togainnewhope.”答案：1．waved2．which3．originally4．a(chǎn)nd5．a(chǎn)chievements6．weredevoted7．saw8．of9．inspiring10．them單句改錯(cuò)Dietsaremosteffectivewhencombiningwithexercise.Determiningtogetaticketoftheconcert,hedidn’tmindstandinalongqueue.Myfathersatbeforethedeskuntilaftermidnight,absorbinginwriting.Knowingasoneofthemostimportantinventionofthetime,thecomputerhelpspeoplelivingindifferentcountriestodoalotofthings.Afteracceptedbytheclub,heattendedseveralactivitiesheldbyitOnceseeing,itwillneverbeforgotten.Helayinbed,relaxing.Catchinginaheavyrain,hehadtowaitfortheraintostop.Givingmoreattention,thetreescangrowbetter.Supportingbyherfamily,shedecidedtosettleinthenorthwestofChina.Thoughtellingofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.

After

his

journey

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abroad,Richard

Jones

returned

home,wasexhausted

.The

most

common

thing

to

do

on

the

earth

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be

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big

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if

nothandlingproperly,accordingtothedesigner

of

the

spaceship.Notbenoticed,Tomranawaywiththemoney.In

order

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pass

the

college

entrance

examination,he

spent

every

daylockingin

his

room.Theflowershisfriendsgavehimwilldieunlesstheywateredeveryday.Lookingatfromthatpointofview,hisdecisioniseasiertounderstand.答案：1.combining→combined2.Determining→Determined3.absorbing→absorbed4.Knowing→Known,invention→inventions5.After^beingaccepted6.seeing→seen7.relaxing→relaxed8.Catching→Caught9.Giving→Given10Supporting→Supported11.telling→told12.w/as13.handling→handled14.be→being或b/