2019年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題及參考答案完整版(第一套)

artⅠWriting(30minutes)2019年12月14日，大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)筆試考試已經(jīng)結(jié)束，各位考生對(duì)本次四級(jí)考試的做題感覺(jué)如何呢？第一時(shí)間為大家解讀2019年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題參考答案，希望大家都能夠順利通過(guò)本次四級(jí)考試。Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoaforeignfriendwhowantstolearnChinese.Pleaserecommendauniversitytohim.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.【參考范文】DearLucy,IamdelightedtohearthatyouaregoingtolearnChineseinaChineseuniversity.Sinceyouhaveaskedformyadviceaboutchoosingwhichuniversity,Iwilltrytogiveyousomeusefulsuggestionshere.ItiswellknownthatPekingUniversityisagreatplacetolearnChinese.Thereareseveralfactorsaccountingforthischoiceandthefollowingarethemosttypicalones.Firstandforemost,PekingUniversityisoneofthetopuniversitiesinChinaandthebirthplaceofmanygreatminds.Therefore,itcanprovidehigh-qualityteachingresources,whichisessentialforaforeignerlearner.Inaddition,BeijingisthecapitalofChinaandtherearevarioushistoricbuildings.TheyprovideforeignstudentsagoodchancetoknowChinesecultureandhistory.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpfulandwishyouallthebest.Yours,LiMing【參考譯文】親愛(ài)的露絲：得知你要來(lái)中國(guó)的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，我很高興。既然你針對(duì)大學(xué)的選擇問(wèn)題詢(xún)問(wèn)了我的看法，我將在這里給你提供一些有用的建議。眾所周知，北京大學(xué)是學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的好地方。做出這種選擇有多種原因，但以下是最典型的。首先，北京大學(xué)是中國(guó)最頂尖的大學(xué)之一，這里也培養(yǎng)出了許多棟梁之才。因此，它可以提供高質(zhì)量的教學(xué)資源，這對(duì)于外國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)是最根本的。此外，北京是中國(guó)的首都，這里有各種各樣的歷史建筑。這些建筑能為外國(guó)學(xué)生提供了了解中國(guó)文化和歷史的好機(jī)會(huì)。希望以上建議對(duì)你有幫助，祝一切順利。誠(chéng)摯的，李明PartⅡ

ListeningComprehension

(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questionsland2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.(D)A)Manyfacilitiesweredestroyedbyawanderingcow.B)Awanderingcowknockeddownoneofitsfences.C)Sometouristswereinjuredbyawanderingcow.D)Awanderingcowwascapturedbythepolice.2.(D)A)Itwasshottodeathbyapoliceofficer.B)Itfounditswaybacktothepark’szoo.C)Itbecameagreatattractionfortourists.D)Itwassenttotheanimalcontroldepartment.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.(B)A)Itisthelargestofitskind.B)Itisgoingtobeexpanded.C)Itisdisplayingmorefossilspecimens.D)Itisstaringanonlineexhibition.4.(C)A)AcollectionofbirdfossilsfromAustralia.B)Photographsofcertainrarefossilexhibits.C)SomeancientwallpaintingsfromAustralia.D)Picturesbywinnersofawildlifephotocontest.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.(A)A)Pickuptrash.B)Amusevisitors.C)Delivermessages.D)Playwithchildren.6.(A)A)Theyareespeciallyintelligent.B)Theyarechildren’sfavorite.CTheyarequiteeasytotame.D)Theyarecleanandpretty.7.(B)A)Childrenmaybeharmedbytherooks.B)Childrenmaybetemptedtodroplitter.C)Childrenmaycontractbirddiseases.D)Childrenmayoverfeedtherooks.SectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.(C)A)ItwillbeproducedatHarvardUniversity.B)Itwillbehostedbyfamousprofessors.C)Itwillcoverdifferentareasofscience.D)Itwillfocusonrecentscientificdiscoveries.9.(C)A)Itwillbemorefuturistic.B)Itwillbemoresystematic.C)Itwillbemoreentertaining.D)Itwillbeeasiertounderstand.10.(A)A)Peopleinterestedinscience.B)Youngsterseagertoexplore.C)Childrenintheirearlyteens.D)Studentsmajoringinscience.11.(B)A)Offerprofessionaladvice.B)Providefinancialsupport.C)HelppromoteitontheInternet.D)Makeepisodesforitsfirstseason.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.(D)A)Unsure.B)Helpless.C)Concerned.D)Dissatisfied.13.(A)A)Heistooconcernedwithbeingperfect.B)Helosesheartwhenfacedwithsetbacks.C)Heistooambitiousinachievinggoals.D)Hetakesonprojectsbeyondhisability.14.(C)A)Embarrassed.B)Unconcerned.C)Miserable.D)Resentful.15.(B)A)Trytobeoptimisticwhateverhappens.B)Comparehispresentwithhispastonly.C)Alwayslearnfromothers’achievements.D)Treatothersthewayhewouldbetreated.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.(C)A)Theyhaveastrongersenseofsocialresponsibility.B)Theyaremorelikelytosucceedinthehumanities.C)Theyaremorelikelytobecomeengineers.D)Theyhavegreaterpotentialtobeleaders.17.(D)A)Praisegirlswholiketospeakupfrequently.B)Encouragegirlstosolveproblemsontheirown.c)Insistthatboysandgirlsworktogethermore.D)Respondmorepositivelytoboys’comments.18.(A)A)Offerpersonalizedteachingmaterials.B)Provideavarietyofoptionalcourses.C)Placegreatemphasisontestscores.D)Payextraattentiontotopstudents.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.(C)A)Itoftenrainscatsanddogs.B)Itseldomrainsinsummertime.C)Itdoesnotrainasmuchaspeoplethink.D)ItisoneofthemostrainycitiesintheUS.20.(B)A)Theydrivemostofthetime.B)Therainisusuallyverylight.C)Theyhavegotusedtotherain.D)Theraincomesmostlyatnight.21.(D)A)Ithasalotofplacesforentertainment.B)Ithasneverseenthunderandlighting.C)Ithasfewercloudydaysthananyothercoastalcity.D)Ithasmildweatherbothinsummerandinwinter.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.(D)A)Itoccurswhenpeoplearedoingarepetitiveactivity.B)Itresultsfromexertingone’smusclescontinuously.C)Ithappenswhenpeopleengageinanuncommonactivity.D)Itcomesfromstainingone’smusclesinanunusualway.23.(A)A)Bloodflowandbodyheatincreaseintheaffectedarea.B)Bodymovementsintheaffectedareabecomedifficult.C)Theybegintomakerepairsimmediately.D)Theygraduallybecomefragmented.24.(B)A)Aboutoneweek.B)Abouttwodays.C)Abouttendays.D)Aboutfourweeks.25.(C)A)Applymusclecreams.B)Drinkplentyofwater.C)Haveahotshower.D)Takepain-killers.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon

AnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Finally,somegoodnewsaboutairplanetravel.Ifyouareonaplanewithasickpassenger,youareunlikelytogetsick.Thatisthe

26

ofanewstudythatlookedathowrespiratory(呼吸道)viruses

27

onairplanes.Researchersfoundthatonlypeoplewhowereseatedinindividual-hadahighriskofcatchingtheillness.Allotherpassengershadonlyavery

28chanceofgettingsickaccordingtothefindings.Mediareportshavenotnecessarilypresented.

29

informationabouttheriskofgettinginfectedonanairplaneinthepast.Therefore,thesenewfindingsshouldhelpairplanepassengerstofeelless

30

tocatchingrespiratoryinfectionswhiletravelingbyair.Priortothenewstudy.litterwasknownabouttherisksofgetting

31

infectedbycommonrespiratoryviruses,suchasthefluorcommoncold,onanairplane,theresearcherssaid.So,to

32

therisksofinfection,thestudyteamflewon10different

33

intheUS.

34

sideofapersoninfectedwithflu,aswellasthosesittingoneroeinfontoforbehindthisindividual,hadaboutan80personchanceofgettingsick.Butotherpassengerswere

35safefrominfection.Theyhadalessthan3percentchanceofcatchingtheflu.A)accurateB)conclusionC)directlyD)eitherE)evaluateF)explorationsG)flightsH)largelyI)nearbyJ)respondK)slimL)spreadM)summitN)vividlyO)vulnerable【參考答案】26-30BLKAO31-35CEGDHSectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2.ASouthKoreancitydesignedforthefuturetakesonalifeofitsownA)Gettingaroundacityisonething—andthenthere’sthematterofgettingfromonecitytoanother.Onevisionoftheperfectcityofthefuture:aplacethatofferseasyaccesstoairtravel.In2011,aUniversityofNorthCarolinabusinessprofessornamedJohnKasardapublishedabookcalled

Aerotropolis:

TheWayWe’llLiveNext.Kasardasaysfuturecitiesshouldbebuiltintentionallyaroundornearairports.Theidea,ashehasputit,istoofferbusinesses“rapid,long-distanceconnectivityonamassivescale.”B)“The18thcenturyreallywasawaterborne(水運(yùn)的)century,the19thcenturyarailcentury.the20thcenturyahighway,car,truckcentury一andthe21stcenturywillincreasinglybeanaviationcentury,astheglobebecomesincreasinglyconnectedbyair,”Kasardasays.Songdo,acitybuiltfromscratchinSouthKorea,isoneofKasarda’sprimeexamples.Ithasexistedforjustafewyears.“Fromtheget-go,itwasdesignedonthebasisofconnectivityandcompetitiveness,”saysKasada.“ThegovernmentbuiltthebridgedirectlyfromtheairporttotheSongdoInternationalBusinessDistrict.Andthesurfaceinfrastructurewasbuiltintandemwiththenewairport.”C)Songdoisastone’sthrowfromSouthKorea’sIncheonAirport,itsmaininternationalhub(樞紐).Butittakesalotmorethananearbyairporttobeacityofthefuture.Justbuildingaplaceasan“internationalbusinessdistrict”doesn’tmeanitwillbecomeone.ParkYeonSooconceived(構(gòu)想)thiscityofthefuturebackin1986.HeconsidersSongdohisbaby.“Iamavisionary,”hesays.Thirtyyearsafterheimaginedthecity,Park’sbabyiscloseto70percentbuilt,with36.000peoplelivinginthebusinessdistrictand90,000residentsingreaterSongdo.It’saboutanhouroutsideSeoul,builtonreclaimedtidalflatsalongtheYellowSea,There’saCoastGuardbuildingandatalltradetower,aswellasapark,golfcourseanduniversity.D)Chancesareyou’veactuallyseenthisplace.SongdoappearsinthemostfamousmusicvideoevertocomeouofSouthKorea.“GangnamStyle”referstothefashionableGangnamdistrictinSeoul.ButsomeofthevideowasfilmedinSongdo.“Idon’tknowifyouremember,therewasasceneinasubwaystation.ThatwasnotGangnam.ThatwasactuallySongdo,”saysJungWonSon,aprofessorofurbandevelopmentatLondon’sBartlettSchoolofPlanning,“Partofthereasontoshootthereisthatit’snewandnice.”E)Thecitywassupposedtobeahubforglobalcompanies,withemployeesfromallovertheworld.Buthat’snothowithasturnedout.Songdo’sreputationisasafuturisticghosttown.Buttherealityismorecomplicated.Abridgewithbig,light-blueloopsleadsintothebusinessdistrict.Inthecenterofthemainroad,there’salonglineofflagsoftheworld.Onthecorner,there’saStarbucksanda7-Eleven--alloftheinternationalbrandsthatyouseeallovertheworldnowadays.F)Thecityisnotempty.Therearemotherspushingstrollers,oldwomenwithwalkers--eveninthemiddleoftheday.whenit’s90degreesout.ByunYoung-JinchairstheSongdorealestateassociationandstartedsellingpropertyherewhenthefirstphaseofthecityopenedin2005.Hesaysdemandhasboomedinthepastcoupleofyears.MostofhisclientsareKorean.Infact,thedevelopersays,99percentofthehomesherearesoldtoKoreans.Youngfamiliesmoveherebecausetheschoolsaregreat.Andthat’stheproblem:SongdohasbecomeapopularKoreancity一morepopularasaresidentialareathanabusinessone.It’snotyetthefuturisticinternationalbusinesshubthatplannersimagined.“It’sagreatplacetolive.Andit’sbecomingagreatplacetowork,”saysScottSummers,thevicepresidentofGaleInternational,thedeveloperofthecity.Thefloor-to-ceilingwindowsofhiscompany’sofficesoverlookSongdoCentralPark,withacanalfullofkayaksandpaddleboats.Shimmering(閃爍的)glasstowerslinethecanal’sedge.G)“What’shappenedis,becausewefocusedoncreatingthatqualityoflifefirst,whichenabledtheresidentstolivehere,whathasprobablymissedthemarkisforcompaniestolocatehere,”hesays.“Thereneedstobestrongeconomicincentives.”Thecityisstillunfinished,anditfeelsabitlikeathemepark.Itdoesn’tfeelallthatfuturistic.There’sahigh-techundergroundtrashdisposalsystem.Buildingsareenvironmentallyfriendly.Everybody’stelevisionsetisconnectedtoasystemthatstreamspersonalizedlanguageorexerciseclasses.H)ButStarTrekthisisnot.Andtosomeoftheresidents,Songdofeelshollow.“I’m,like,inprisonforweekdays.That’swhatwecallitintheworkplace,”saysawomaninher20s.Shedoesn’twanttousehernameforfearofbeingfiredfromherjob.ShegoesbacktoSeouleveryweekend.“IsayI’mprison-breakingonFridaynights.”Butshehastomaketheprisonbreakinherowncar.There’snohigh-speedtrainconnectingSongdotoSeoul,justover20milesaway.I)ThemanwhofirstimaginedSongdofeelsfrustrated.too.ParksayshebuiltSouthKoreaaluxuryvehicle,“l(fā)ikeMercedesorBMW.It’sagoodcarnow.Butwe’rewaitingforagooddrivertoaccelerate.”Buttherearelotsofothergoodcarsoutthere,too.Theworldisdottedwithfuturistic,high-techcitiestryingtoattractthebiggestinternationalcompaniesJ)Songdo’sbackerscontendthatit’sstillearly,andbusinessspaceisfillingup—about70percentoffinishedofficesarenowoccupied.BrentRyan,whoteachesurbandesignatMIT,saysSongdoprovesauniversalprinciple.“Therehavebeenalotofutopian(烏托邦的)citiesinhistory.Andthereasonwedon’tknowaboutalotofthemisthatalotofthemhavevanishedentirely.”Inotherwords,whenitcomestocities—oranythingelse—itishardtopredictthefuture.36.Songdo’spopularityliesmoreinitsqualityoflifethanitsbusinessattraction.37.ThemanwhoconceivesSongdofeelsdisappointedbecauseithasfallenshortofhisexpectations.38.AsceneinapopularSouthKoreanmusicvideowasshotinSongdo.39.Songdostilllacksthefinancialstimulusforbusinessestosetupshopthere.40.Airplaneswillincreasinglybecomethechiefmeansoftransportation,accordingtoaprofessor.41.Songdohasendedupdifferentfromthecityitwassupposedtobe.42.SomeofthepeoplewhoworkinSongdocomplainaboutboredomintheworkplace.43.Abusinessprofessorsaysthatafuturecityshouldhaveeasyaccesstointernationaltransportation.44.Acordingtoanurbandesignprofessor,itisdifficultforcitydesignerstoforeseewhathappeninthefuture.45.ParkYeonSo.WhoenvisionedSongdo,feelsaparentalconnectionwiththecity.【參考答案】36-40FIDGB41-45EHAJCSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThefifthlargestcityintheUSpassedasignificantsodataxproposalthatwill

levy

(征稅)1.5centsperliquidounceondistributors.Philadelphia’snewmeasurewasapprovedbya13to4citycouncilvote.Itsetsanewbarforsimilarinitiativesacrossthecounty.Itisproofthattaxesonsugarydrinkscanwinsubstantialsupportoutsidesuper-liberalareas.Untilnow,theonlycitytosuccessfullypassandimplementasodataxwasBerkeley,California,in2014.Thetaxwillapplytoregularanddietsodas,aswellasotherdrinkswithaddedsugar,suchasGatoradeandicedteas.It’sexpectedtoraise$410millionoverthenextfiveyears,mostofwhichwillgotowardfundingauniversalpre-kindergartenprogramforthecity.Whilethecitycouncilvotewasmetwithapplauseinsidethecouncilroom,opponentstothemeasure,includingsodalobbyistsmadesharpcriticismsandapromisetochallengethetaxincourt.“Thetaxpassedtodayunfairlysinglesoutbeverages—includinglow-andno-caloriechoices,”saidLaurenKane,spokeswomanfortheAmericanBeverageAssociation.“Butmostimportantly,itisagainstthelaw.SowewillsidewiththemajorityofthepeopleofPhiladelphiawhoopposethistaxandtakelegalactiontostopit.”Anindustrybackedanti-taxcampaignhasspentatleast$4milliononadvertisements.Theadscriticizedthemeasure.characterizingitasa“grocerytax.”P(pán)ublichealthgroupsapplaudedtheapprovedtaxasasteptowardfixingcertainlastinghealthissuesthatplagueAmericans.“Themovetorecaptureasmallpartoftheprofitsfromanindustrythatpushesaproductthatcontributestodiabetes,obesityandheartdiseaseinpoorercommunitiesinordertoreinvestinthosecommunitieswillsurebeinspirationaltomanyotherplaces,”saidJimKrieger,executivedirectorofHealthyFoodAmerica.“Indeed,wearealreadyhearingfromsomeofthem.It’snotjustBerkeley’anymore.”SimilarmeasuresinCalifornia’sAlbany,Oakland,SanFranciscoandColorado’sBoulderarebecominghot-buttonissuesHealthadvocacygroupshavehintedthatevenmoremightbecoming.46.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthenewly-approvedsodataxinPhiladelphia?(B)A)Itwillchangethelifestyleofmanyconsumers.B)ItmayencourageotherUScitiestofollowsuit.C)Itwillcutsodaconsumptionamonglow-incomecommunities.D)Itmayinfluencethemarketingstrategiesofthesodabusiness.47.Whatwilltheopponentsprobablydotorespondtothesodataxproposal?(C)A)Bargainwiththecitycouncil.B)Refusetopayadditionaltax.C)Takelegalactionagainstit.D)Trytowinpublicsupport.48.Whatdidtheindustry-backedanti-taxcampaigndoaboutthesodataxproposal?(D)A)Ittriedtoarousehostilefeelingsamongconsumers.B)Ittriedtowingrocers’supportagainstthemeasure.C)Itkeptsendinglettersofprotesttothemedia.D)Itcriticizedthemeasurethroughadvertising.49.Whatdidpublichealthgroupsthinkthesodataxwoulddo?(B)A)Alertpeopletotheriskofsugar-induceddiseases.B)Helppeopletofixcertainlong-timehealthissues.C)Addtothefundfortheirresearchondiseases.D)Benefitlow-incomepeopleacrossthecountry.50.Whatdowelearnaboutsimilarmeasuresconcerningthesodataxinsomeothercities?(A)A)Theyarebecomingrathersensitiveissues.B)Theyarespreadingpanicinthesodaindustry.C)Theyarereducingtheincidenceofsugar-induceddiseases.D)Theyaretakingawaylotofprofitfromthesodaindustry.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Poppingfoodintothemicrowaveforacoupleofminutesmayseemutterlyharmless,butEurope’sstockofthesequick-cookingovensemitasmuchcarbonasnearly7millioncars,anewstudyhasfound.Andtheproblemisgrowing.Withcostsfallingandkitchenappliancesbecoming“status”items,ownersarethrowingawaymicrowavesafteranaverageofeightyears.Thisispushingsalesofnewmicrowaveswhichareexpectedtoreach135millionannuallyintheEUbytheendofthedecade.AstudybytheUniversityofManchestercalculatedtheemissionsofCO2—themaingreenhousegasresponsibleforclimatechange—ateverystageofmicrowaves,frommanufacturetowastedisposal.“Itiselectricityconsumptionbymicrowavesthathasthebiggestimpactontheenvironment,”saytheauthors.Theauthorsalsocalculatethattheemissionsfromusing19microwavesoverayeararethesameasthosefromusingacar.Accordingtothesamestudy,effortstoreduceconsumptionshouldfocusonimprovingconsumerawarenessandbehaviour.Forexample,consumerscoulduseappliancesinamoreefficientwaybyadjustingthetimeofcookingtothetypeoffood.However,DavidReay,professorofcarbonmanagement,arguesthat,althoughmicrowavesuseagreatdealofenergy,theiremissionsareminorcomparedtothosefromcars.IntheUKalone,therearearound30millioncars.ThesecarsemitmorethanallthemicrowavesintheEU.Backingthisup,recentdatashowthatpassengercarsintheUKemitted69milliontonsofCO2in2015.Thisis10timestheamountthisnewmicrowaveovenstudyestimatesforannualemissionsforallthemicrowaveovensintheEU.Further,theenergyusedbymicrowavesislowerthananyotherfromofcooking.Amongcommonkitchenappliancesusedforcooking,microwavesarethemostenergyefficient,followedbyastoveandfinallyastandardoven.Thus,risingm