Unit3FamilyMatters詞匯講義-2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)

Unit3Familymattersapproachv.走近，靠近n.方式，方法，途徑；道路，入口；靠近，走近?寫出下列句中approach的詞性及詞義①Theonlywaytoeoutontopistoadoptadifferentapproach.名詞；方法②AsTeachers’Daywasapproaching,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.動(dòng)詞；臨近Hecameupwithanewapproachtoworkingoutthepuzzlingmathsproblem.他想出了解決這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)難題的新方法。AsTeachers'Daywasapproaching,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantday.教師節(jié)日益臨近，我們班決定舉行聚會(huì)來(lái)慶祝這個(gè)重要的節(jié)日。(1)approachsbon/about(doing)sth與某人商量(做)某事(2)anapproachto...通往……的道路anapproachtodoingsth做某事的方法attheapproachof在快到……的時(shí)候，隨著……的來(lái)臨熟詞生義：approach還可以做“與……打交道”的意思。Thestaffsoonfoundthenewmanagereasytoapproach.員工很快發(fā)現(xiàn)這位新經(jīng)理平易近人。辨析比較(做)……的方法用這種方法·waytodo/of(doing)sth·methodof(doing)sth·meansof(doing)sth·approachto(doing)sth·inthisway·withthismethod·bythismeans·inthismanner?一句多譯如果你用這種方法做，你會(huì)成功的。→Ifyoudoitin__this__way,__you’llsucceed.(way)→Ifyoudoitwith__this__method,__you’llsucceed.(method)→Ifyoudoitby__this__means,__you’llsucceed.(means)→Ifyoudoitin__this__manner,__you’llsucceed.(manner)focusv.(把……)集中(于)n.焦點(diǎn)；(興趣、活動(dòng)等的)中心(1)focuson/upon集中(注意力)于……(2)infocus清晰的，焦距對(duì)準(zhǔn)的outoffocus模糊的，不清楚的；焦距沒(méi)有對(duì)準(zhǔn)的IamsotiredthatIcan’tfocusonanythingtoday.我今天太累了，集中不了精力做任何事。ThecamerawasabitoutoffocuswhenItookthatpicture.我拍那張照片的時(shí)候，照相機(jī)焦距有點(diǎn)沒(méi)對(duì)準(zhǔn)。3.assumev.假定，假設(shè)，認(rèn)為assumptionn.假定，假設(shè)(1)Itisgenerallyassumedthat...普遍認(rèn)為……assuming(that)...假設(shè)……(2)makeanassumption/assumptionsabout對(duì)……作出假設(shè)ontheassumptionthat假定……，假設(shè)……詞綴助記[動(dòng)]～sume→[名]～sumptionassume假定，承擔(dān)→assumptionconsume消費(fèi)，消耗→consumptionpresume假定，認(rèn)為→presumptionItisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.普遍認(rèn)為，壓力是工作太多所致。Assumingthatitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假設(shè)明天下雨，我們應(yīng)該做什么？respectv.尊敬，敬重n.尊敬，敬重；方面，細(xì)節(jié)；問(wèn)候(復(fù)數(shù))respectfuladj.禮貌的；恭敬的respectableadj.令人尊敬的respectiveadj.分別的，各自的respectsb＝show/haverespectforsb尊重某人respectsbforsth因某事而尊重某人inrespectof/withrespectto關(guān)于；就……而言respectoneself自尊，自重give/sendmyrespectstosb代我向某人問(wèn)好inthis/thatrespect在這/那方面Respectyourself,ornoonewillrespectyou.君須自敬，人乃敬之。Ishowmygreatrespectfortherespectableteachersinthisrespect.在這方面，我對(duì)尊敬的老師表示崇高的敬意。observev.慶祝，過(guò)(節(jié)日，生日等)；觀察，看到；注意到；遵守observationn.觀察observesbdosth觀察某人做某事(全過(guò)程)observesbdoingsth注意到某人正在做某事observesb/sthdone注意到某人/物被……observesbdosth結(jié)構(gòu)如果改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，應(yīng)補(bǔ)上省略的to，即sbbeobservedtodosth?寫出下列句中observe的含義Thelittlegirllikestoobservethestarsinthesky.這個(gè)小女孩喜歡觀察天空中的星星。Sofar,thevillagershavebeenobservingthetraditionalcustom迄今為止，村民們一直遵守傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。CanyousaysomethingabouthowtheChineseobservetheSpringFestival?你能說(shuō)一下中國(guó)人是怎樣慶祝春節(jié)的嗎？Thepoliceobservedthemanenterthebank.警察注意到那個(gè)男人進(jìn)了銀行。Sheobservedamanwalkingontheoppositesideoftheway她注意到有一個(gè)人在路的對(duì)面行走。6.apologisev.道歉apologyn.道歉apologisetosb向某人道歉apologisefor(doing)sth因?yàn)?做)某事而道歉makeanapologytosbforsth因某事而向某人道歉Iapologiseforhavingtakentoomuchofyourtime我為占用你很多時(shí)間而表示歉意。Iapologisedtoherforsteppingonherfeet.＝Imadeanapologytoherforsteppingonherfeet.我因踩到她的腳而向她道歉。7.suitv.適合suitableadj.適合的suit...to...使……適合……besuitablefor適合于……besuitabletodosth適合做某事suit“適合，適宜”，指衣服顏色、樣式適合某人，還可指合乎需要、口味、地位、條件等。另外，用于比喻意義時(shí)多用suitfit“適合，合身”，指大小、尺寸、形狀等合適，引申為“吻合，協(xié)調(diào)”match“適合，和……匹配”，多指色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配，含有“與之相匹配”之意Youhavetosuityourspendingtoyourine.你必須讓你的收支相符。Idon’tthinkIshouldbesuitableforthejob.我認(rèn)為我不適合這個(gè)工作。Thispieceisnotsuitabletobeplayedintheopenair.這個(gè)曲子不適合在露天演奏。Thoughthestyledoesn’tsuitme,Iwanttotakethisjacketbecauseitfitsmewellandmatchesmytrousers.8.responsibleadj.(對(duì)事故、錯(cuò)誤、罪行等)負(fù)有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的responsibilityn.責(zé)任，義務(wù)Thepilotoftheplaneshouldberesponsibleforthepassengers’safety.飛行員應(yīng)對(duì)乘客的安全負(fù)責(zé)。Youareanadultnowandyouneedtotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.現(xiàn)在你是成年人了，你需要對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)。Itisyourresponsibilitytolookafterthechildren.照看這些孩子是你的責(zé)任。(1)beresponsibleforsth對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任；是某事的原因(2)Itisone’sresponsibilitytodosth做某事是某人的責(zé)任takeresponsibilityfor為……負(fù)責(zé)9.aimv.力求達(dá)到；瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)；目標(biāo)在于n.目標(biāo)；目的aimlessadj.漫無(wú)目的的aimlesslyadv.漫無(wú)目的地(1)aimtodosth目標(biāo)是做某事，旨在做某事beaimedat(doing)sth瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)；旨在(做)某事(2)achieveone’saim實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)withtheaimof...目的是……，為了……Ihopetoachievemyaimbytheendoftheyear.我希望到年底實(shí)現(xiàn)我的目標(biāo)。Manypeoplegotobigcitieswiththeaimoffindingbetterjobs.許多人到大城市是為了找到更好的工作。WeaimtofinishtheworkbyFriday.我們的目標(biāo)就是在星期五之前完成這項(xiàng)工作。Thiscampaignisaimedatreducingroadaccidents.這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)旨在減少交通事故。10.rangen.一系列；山脈；范圍；射程；種類vt.(在一定的范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)/變化；使(人或物)排成行或列awiderangeof一系列……；各種各樣的……within/inrange(of)在可及的范圍內(nèi)；在視覺(jué)(或聽覺(jué))范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(of)超出……的范圍；在視覺(jué)(或聽覺(jué))范圍之外rangefrom...to...在……和……之間變化；包括由……到……之間的各類事物range作“變動(dòng)，變化”講時(shí)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。Awiderangeofcoloursandpatternsareavailable.各種顏色和樣式都有。It’sbeyond/outoftherangeofmyability.這件事超出了我的能力范圍。Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs，rangingfromcheftoswimminginstructor.她做過(guò)許多不同的工作，從廚師到游泳教練。Wewaiteduntiltheenemywaswithinrange.我們等到敵人進(jìn)入我們的射程。Thestudenthasa__wide__range__of__interest.那個(gè)學(xué)生的興趣廣泛。11.admirev.欽佩，贊美，羨慕admirationn.欽佩；贊美；羨慕admiresbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事羨慕某人have/expressadmirationfor對(duì)……/表達(dá)對(duì)……的欽佩Weexpressed/hadadmirationforthesoldiers,whobehavedbravelyintheaction.我們對(duì)解放軍戰(zhàn)士在這次行動(dòng)中英勇的表現(xiàn)表示欽佩。12.judgev.認(rèn)為，判斷；斷定n.裁判員；法官judgementn.判決；判斷力；評(píng)價(jià)(1)judge...from/by...從……來(lái)判斷judgebetweenrightandwrong判斷是非asfarasIcanjudge據(jù)我判斷；我認(rèn)為(2)judgingby/from從……上看；根據(jù)……判斷Youmustjudgeapersonby/fromhisactions,notby/fromwhathesays.你判斷人應(yīng)根據(jù)其行動(dòng)，不應(yīng)根據(jù)他所說(shuō)的話。Judgingfromwhathesaid,hemustbeanhonestman.從他所說(shuō)的來(lái)判斷，他一定是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。AsfarasIcanjudge,thisbookisuseful.據(jù)我判斷，這本書有用。?寫出judge在句中的含義①Allthejudgesagreedthatyourspeechwasthebestonethisyear.評(píng)委②Thejudgesentencedhimtofiveyearsinprison.法官Ijudgefromwhatyousaidthatyoudonotagreewithme.判斷13.settlev.和解，結(jié)束(爭(zhēng)論)；定居settlern.移民；定居者settlementn.(解決紛爭(zhēng)的)協(xié)議；解決；處理settlefor勉強(qiáng)接受，將就settlein在……安家，定居，落戶settleinto遷入(新居)settledown定居，過(guò)安定的日子；(使)平靜下來(lái)Intheendtheyhadtosettleforadraw.最后，他們只好接受平局的結(jié)果。ShesettledinShanghaiafterherfather’sdeath.父親死后，她就在上海定居了。Wesettledintoournewhousejustlastweek.我們上周剛剛遷入新居。Thechairmantriedtosettletheaudiencedown.主席盡力讓聽眾安靜下來(lái)。14.ignorevt.忽視，不理睬ignorancen.無(wú)知，不了解，忽視ignorantadj.無(wú)知的，不了解的ignoresb./sth.忽視，不理睬某人/某物ignoretheimportanceof...忽視……的重要性beignorantof對(duì)……一無(wú)所知Itisfoolishofsomepeopletoignoretheimportanceofenvironmentprotection.某些人忽視環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性，這種做法是很愚蠢的。15.talentn.天賦，才華，才干talentedadj.有才華的haveatalentfor...有……的天賦betalentedin...有……的天賦Sheshowedatalentforactingatanearlyage.她在很小的時(shí)候就顯示出了表演天賦。Thegirlistalentedindancing.這個(gè)女孩有舞蹈天賦。gift也有“天賦”的意思haveagiftfor...有……的天賦它的形容詞gifted“有天賦的”搭配begiftedin...有……的天賦16.obviouslyadv.明顯地obviousadj.明顯的Obviously,theabilitytotalkissomethingthatmarkshumansofffromanimals.顯然，說(shuō)話能力把人類和動(dòng)物區(qū)分開來(lái)。Therewasnoobviousevidencethathewaslying.沒(méi)有明顯的證據(jù)說(shuō)明他在說(shuō)謊。Itisobviousthatthethiefgotinthrough—th