江西省新八校2023屆高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷+含答案

2023屆高三第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(試卷分150分考試用時(shí)120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷(選擇題,共100分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandecidetodo?A.Gotoworkonfoot.B.Takeasightseeingtrip.C.Startworkearlierthanusual.2.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthedish?A.Itisaroutineoffer.B.Itisagoodbargain.C.Itisanewdish,onthemenu.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Managerandclerk.4.WhattimedidJackleavehome?A.At10:30.B.At10:50.C.At11:20.5.WhosehouseisthewomanprobablyvisitingforEasterDay?A.Hersister’s.B.Heraunt’s.C.Herbrother’s.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hewentfishing.B.Hepickedgrapes.C.HewatchedTV.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherweekend?A.Wonderful.B.Excited.C.Boring.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.What’sthefirstthingthespeakerswilldoafterschool?A.Gotothelibrary.B.Goswimming.C.Goshopping.9.Whendidthemanstopswimmingprobably?A.Oneandahalfyearsago.B.Almostoneyearago.C.Morethantwoyearsago..10.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.Afterclass.B.Tomorrow.CNextweek.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howoftendoesthewomanholdaparty?A.Rarely.B.Everyday.C.Everyseveralweeks.12.Whatistheattitudeofthewoman?A.Angry.B..Cooperative.C.Surprised.13.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Overthephone.B.Ataparty.C.Inthepolicestation.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Apolicewoman.B.Afriendoftheman’swife.C.Asecretaryinaclinic.15.Whatdayisitwhenthemaniscalling?A.Tuesday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.16.Whatistheman’sapartmentnumber?A.11.B.17.C.70.17.WhereisthemangoingonThursdayafternoon?A.Tothewoman’shome.B.ToLocklearStreet.C.ToDr.Silver’sOffice..聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WheredidyoungpeopleintheUKtraditionallymakenewfriends?A.Atparties.B.Inpubs.C.Atconcerts.19.WhichisthemostsuccessfulsocialnetworkingwebsiteintheUK?1A.MySpace.B.MSNSpaces.C.Yebo.20.Whyarethesefreewebsitessosuccessful?A.Theyareinteresting.B.Theyareavailableeverywhere.C.Theyareeasytouse.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABestInternationalPhotographyConteststoEnterRHSPhotographicCompetitionIfyouareinterestedintakingphotosofyourgarden,enterthisflower-photo-friendlycontest,whichincludescategoriesfor11-year-oldsto17-year-oldsandevenkidsunder11yearsold.ThisphotocompetitionisorganizedbytheRoyalHorticulturalSociety,whichisintendedforphotographers,horticulturalistsandgardenlovers.EntryFee:FreePrize:$6,000foreachwinneroffirstprizeIstanbulPhotoAwardsOrganizedbytheAnadoluAgency,theinternationalnewsphotographycontestaimstodevelopthenewsphotographyareaandseekstorewardhard-workingnewsphotographersaroundtheworld.ThecategoriesinthiscontestarePhotooftheYear,SingleNews,StoryNews,SingleSportsandStorySportsEntryFee:FreePrize:$8,000forPhotooftheYearandfirstprizeinSingleNewsCategory.Thefirstprizeinothercategoriesis$5,000ZEISSPhotographyAwardZEISSPhotographyAwardisorganizedwiththepartnershipofZeissandtheWorldPhotographyOrganization.Thephotographersareinvitedtosubmitphotoswhosethemeis“SeeingBeyondDiscoveries”.Eachphotographerhastosubmit5imageswhichhavenotbeenpublishedbefore.WinnerswillbeinvitedtoLondontoparticipateintheSonyWorldPhotographyAwardsexhibitionopening.EntryFee:FreePrize:ZEISSlenses(鏡頭)ofyourchoice(worth12,000euros)and3,000eurostocovertravelexpensesMonoVisionsPhotographyAwardsLeadingphotographymagazineMonoVisionswillawardcreativeexpressionintheblackandwhitemedium.Thisblackandwhitephotographycompetitionisalsoopenforamateurs,andphotostakenwithtraditionalordigitalmediaareaccepted.ThetwosectionsofthecompetitionareBlackandWhiteSeriesoftheYearandBlackandWhitePhotooftheYear.EntryFee:$20forasinglephoto;$25foraseries(maximum8photoswithacommonconcept)Prize:$2,000forthetopsingle;$3,000forthetopseries1.Ifyouareagardenlover,whichcontestshouldyouenter?A.ZEISSPhotographyAward. B.MonoVisionsPhotographyAwards.C.RHSPhotographicCompetition. D.IstanbulPhotoAwards.2.WhataretheparticipantsofZEISSPhotographyAwardrequiredtodo?A.Payfortheirentry. B.Usedigitalmedia.C.Submitunpublishedimages. D.Providemeansofidentification.3.WhatisspecialaboutMonoVisionsPhotographyAwards?A.Itchargesanentryfee. B.Ithasanagelimit.C.Itoffersthehighestprize. D.Itisjointlyorganized.【答案】1.C2.C3.A1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RHSPhotographicCompetition部分中的“ThisphotocompetitionisorganizedbytheRoyalHorticulturalSociety,whichisintendedforphotographers,horticulturalistsandgardenlovers.(本次攝影比賽由英國(guó)皇家園藝學(xué)會(huì)組織，專為攝影師、園藝師和園藝愛(ài)好者舉辦)”可知如果你是一個(gè)園藝愛(ài)好者，你應(yīng)該參加RHSPhotographicCompetition。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZEISSPhotographyAward部分中的“Eachphotographerhastosubmit5~10imageswhichhavenotbeenpublishedbefore.(每個(gè)攝影師必須提交5~10張以前沒(méi)有發(fā)表過(guò)的照片)”可知ZEISSPhotographyAward的參賽者需要提交以前未發(fā)表過(guò)的照片。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四個(gè)比賽的EntryFee部分可知，只有MonoVisionsPhotographyAwards要求參賽者繳納參賽費(fèi)。故選A。BOnMarch15,2022,FrancisKérébecamethefirstAfricanarchitecttowinthePritzkerPrize,themostimportantawardinthearchitecturediscipline.“Canyouimagine?”heexclaimed.“IwasborninalittlevillagewheretherewasnoschoolinBurkinaFaso.AndmyfatherwantedmetolearnhowtoreadandwriteverysimplybecauseIcouldthentranslateorreadhimhisletters.”Franciswasthefirstofhiscommunitytoattendschool.Astherewerenoeducationalfacilitiesinthearea,atage7hewenttolivewithhisuncleinthenearesttown.ThankstotwoscholarshipsofferedbyGermaninstitutions,hewasabletostartstudyingcarpentry(木匠)in1985and,tenyearslater,tostartstudyingarchitecture.Althoughhebeganstudyingarchitectureattheageof30,Francis’careerpathisparticularlyfast.Hebuilthisfirstbuilding,GandoPrimarySchool,whenhewasstillincollege.Inthisproject,Francisunderstandsthathisdesignistheresultofcombiningbasicneeds,limitedbudgetsandconvincingcommunitiestoworkasateam,ofcourse,withoutsacrificingthebeautyofarchitecture.Impoverishedcountries(貧困國(guó)家)donothaveenoughinfluencetoshapeanddelivertheirowncultureorbrandtotheworld,butareleftinthechargeofwhatdevelopednationsunderstand.ForthisreasonFrancisisawarethat“TheWestknowshowtopresentitsculture.EverybodyisdominatedbytheimagesproducedintheWestand,therefore,hischallengeistocreatealocalarchitecturallanguage,oneofthemanythatAfricanarchitecturecancoin(創(chuàng)造),withoutfallingintothestereotypeoftheimpoverishedvillageorviolentslums(貧民窟)atpollutedoutskirts.”ThefirstblackwinnerofthePritzkenPrizehasalreadyreceivenumeroushonorsinhisfield,includingtheAgaKhanAwardforArchitectureandtheThomasJeffersonMedal.“FrancisKéréispioneeringarchitecture—sustainabletotheearthanditsinhabitants—inlandsofextremescarcity(缺乏),”saidcommitteechair,TomPritzker,inastatement.“Heisequallyarchitectandservant,improvinguponthelivesandexperiencesofcountlesscitizensinaregionofthewordthatisattimesforgotten.Throughbuildingthatshowbeauty,modesty,boldnessandinvention,andbytheintegrity(完整性)ofhisarchitecture,Kérégracefullyupholds(維護(hù))themissionofthisprize.”ThePritzkerjury(評(píng)審團(tuán)),byawardinghim,alsorewardedawayofpracticingarchitecturethathappensindifferentlatitudes(緯度)oftheword:Theadaptationoflocaltechniquesasaneffectiveresponsetotheclimatecrisisandthescarcityofresources.4.WhichyearwasFrancisKéréprobablybornin?A.1978. B.1977. C.1955. D.1965.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dominated”meaninparagraph3?A.astonished. B.misled. C.controlled. D.convinced6.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutFrancisKéré?A.Hestudiedarchitectureforhisfatheratthebeginning.B.ThePritzkerPrizeisthefirstprizehewon.C.Hewantstobreakthefixedimageofunderdevelopedareas.D.Hisfirstbuildingshowedmodesty,boldness,withoutthebeautyofarchitecture.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.FrancisKéréisaservantservinginhisbuildingstoimprovecitizens’life.B.FrancisKérélikescreatingandchallengingthingsinarchitecture.C.FrancisKéré’sworkfocusesonsustainabilityoftheearth.D.ThemissionofthePritzkerPrizeistopracticearchitectureinresponsetotheclimatechange.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThankstotwoscholarshipsofferedbyGermaninstitutions,hewasabletostartstudyingcarpentry(木匠)in1985and,tenyearslater,tostartstudyingarchitecture.Althoughhebeganstudyingarchitectureattheageof30,Francis’careerpathisparticularlyfast.(得益于德國(guó)機(jī)構(gòu)提供的兩項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，他得以在1985年開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)木工，十年后開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)建筑。盡管弗朗西斯30歲開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)建筑，但他的職業(yè)道路卻特別快。)”可知，他在1985年開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)木工工藝，10年后開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)建筑，此時(shí)他30歲，可知他可能出生于1965年，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Impoverishedcountries(貧困國(guó)家)donothaveenoughinfluencetoshapeanddelivertheirowncultureorbrandtotheworld,butareleftinthechargeofwhatdevelopednationsunderstand.(貧困國(guó)家沒(méi)有足夠的影響力來(lái)塑造和向世界傳遞自己的文化或品牌，而是任由發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的理解控制。)”可知，貧困國(guó)家因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的影響力來(lái)塑造和向世界傳遞自己的文化或品牌，任由發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家控制。因此，每個(gè)人也都被西方輸出的形象“主導(dǎo)，控制”，故可推斷動(dòng)詞dominate與動(dòng)詞control“控制”同義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“EverybodyisdominatedbytheimagesproducedintheWestand,therefore,hischallengeistocreatealocalarchitecturallanguage,oneofthemanythatAfricanarchitecturecancoin(創(chuàng)造),withoutfallingintothestereotypeoftheimpoverishedvillageorviolentslums(貧民窟)atpollutedoutskirts.(每個(gè)人都被西方產(chǎn)生的圖像所支配，因此，他的挑戰(zhàn)是創(chuàng)造一種當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖZ(yǔ)言，這是非洲建筑可以創(chuàng)造的眾多語(yǔ)言之一,而不會(huì)陷入污染的郊區(qū)里貧困村莊或暴力貧民窟的刻板印象。)”可知，他致力于創(chuàng)造一種當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖZ(yǔ)言，而不會(huì)陷入污染的郊區(qū)里貧困村莊或暴力貧民窟的刻板印象，說(shuō)明他想打破這種刻板印象，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句““FrancisKéréispioneeringarchitecture—sustainabletotheearthanditsinhabitants—inlandsofextremescarcity(缺乏),”saidcommitteechair,TomPritzker,inastatement.(委員會(huì)主席TomPritzker在一份聲明中表示：‘FrancisKéré是建筑行業(yè)的開(kāi)拓者，在資源匱乏的土地上，對(duì)地球及其居民而言，是可持續(xù)。)”可知，他正在資源匱乏的土地上踐行開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的建筑事業(yè)，可推斷出他喜歡創(chuàng)造和挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。CAfirstlookmaymakeyouthinkitisaseesaw.ButpeopleoftheYiethnicgroupwilltellyouit’scompletelydifferentanditcanbeusedforacompetitivesport.“Damoqiuisatraditionalsportandcelebrationduringfestivals,”saidLiJingming,aninheritorofdamoqiu.“Istartedplayingattheageof5yearsold.”Lisaidthattheseesaw-likeequipmentfordamoqiuismadeupoftwopoles.Onestandsuponthegroundwithaheightof1.5metersandtheother5-meterpolewithasmallholeinthemiddlelieshorizontallyonit,connectingwithitthroughthesmallhole.Whenplaying,oneortwoperformerssitorcrawloneachsideofthehorizontalpole.Theyneedtousetheirstrengthfromtheirbellyorlegstokeepbalanceonthepolewhiledoingdifferentpostures.Duetoitscomplexity,damoqiuwaslistedin2016asanintangibleculturalheritageinLonglincounty,GuangxiZhuangautonomousregion.“Manypeoplesimplyplaydamoqiuforfun,”said61-year-oldLi.“Yet,takingitasaprofessionalsportismoreagameofbravery.”AccordingtoLi,sincethehorizontalpoleonlyhangsonthestandingpole,it’salwaysspinning,makingithardforperformerstokeepbalance.“Ifyou’relackinginstrength,it’seasytotiltandyoumayevenslipdownfromthepole.Sometimes,it’sevendangerous,”addedLi.Damoqiuasaprofessionalsportalsorequiresgreateffortandpatience.Lirecalledthattrainingforanewposturesometimesrequiresseveraldays.“Repetitionispartofourdailyroutine.Thoughit’sdull,itrequiresourefforttokeepthetraditionalive.”Lisaid.Asmoreandmoreyoungpeopleleavevillagestoearnmoneyinthebigcities,theyhavelesstimetotrainonthepoleanddevelopnewpostures.“It’sapitythatdamoqiuisdisappearingfromthecompetitivestagenow.”saidLi,addingthathehasonlyhadfivedisciplesintrainingformanyyears.Tomakedamoqiuaccessibletomorepeople,Linotonlyteachesitinschoolsvoluntarily,butalsoperformsinmanycompetitionstoshowthesport’scharmtoaudiences.8.Whatdoweknowaboutdamoqiu?A.ItisatraditionalsportinNorthwestChina.B.ItrequiresatleastthreepeopletoplayC.Peoplehavetokeepbalanceonthehorizontalpole.D.Itwasrecognizedasanintangibleculturalheritagein2006.9.WhatdoesLithinkisimportantforplayingdamogiuasaprofessionalsport?A.Passionandgoodathleticability. B.Greateffort,patienceandstrength.C.Patience,creativityandenergy. D.Strengthandrelevantpreviousexperience.10.Whatisparagraph8mainlyabout?AYoungpeople’sviewsondamoqiu. B.ThereasonswhyyoungpeopleC.Thecurrentdevelopmentofdamoqiu. D.Thedifficultiesofpassingdowndamoqiu11.HowdoesLipromotedamoqiu?A.Bywritingabookonit. B.Byperformingitinmanycompetitions.C.Bymakingitanelectivecourseinlocalschools. D.Byintroducingandteachingittopeopleonline.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyneedtousetheirstrengthfromtheirbellyorlegstokeepbalanceonthepolewhiledoingdifferentpostures.(他們需要利用腹部或腿部的力量，在做不同的姿勢(shì)時(shí)保持在桿子上的平衡)”可得知他們需要在水平桿上保持平衡，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyneedtousetheirstrengthfromtheirbellyorlegstokeepbalanceonthepolewhiledoingdifferentpostures.(他們需要利用腹部或腿部的力量，在做不同的姿勢(shì)時(shí)保持在桿子上的平衡)”和第六段“Damoqiuasaprofessionalsportalsorequiresgreateffortandpatience.(打磨秋作為一項(xiàng)職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)也需要極大的努力和耐心)”可得知打磨秋需要努力，耐心和體力，故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第八段“Asmoreandmoreyoungpeopleleavevillagestoearnmoneyinthebigcities,theyhavelesstimetotrainonthepoleanddevelopnewpostures.“It’sapitythatdamoqiuisdisappearingfromthecompetitivestagenow.”saidLi,addingthathehasonlyhadfivedisciplesintrainingformanyyears.(隨著越來(lái)越多的年輕人離開(kāi)農(nóng)村到大城市賺錢，他們很少有時(shí)間訓(xùn)練打磨秋，培養(yǎng)新的姿勢(shì)。“很遺憾，打磨秋現(xiàn)在正在從競(jìng)爭(zhēng)舞臺(tái)上消失?！崩钫f(shuō)，并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，他多年來(lái)只有5名弟子在訓(xùn)練)”可推知，這一段在講打磨秋正在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)舞臺(tái)上消逝的原因，故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Linotonlyteachesitinschoolsvoluntarily,butalsoperformsinmanycompetitionstoshowthesport’scharmtoaudiences.(李不僅在學(xué)校里自愿教授這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，還在許多比賽中表演，向觀眾展示這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的魅力)”可得出李通過(guò)參與表演和在學(xué)校自愿教學(xué)去推動(dòng)“打磨秋”活動(dòng)的普及。故選B。DTheAmericanspaceagencyNASAsaysaspacecrafthasenteredthesun’soutermostatmosphereforthefirsttime.ScientistsannouncedthatParkerSolarProbetraveledthroughthesolaratmosphere’souteredge,knownasthecorona(日冕).Theydescribedtheentryasasuccessfultouchonthesun.UnlikeEarth,thesundoesnothaveasolidsurface.Instead,itisasuperheatedballofmaterialheldtogetherbygravityandmagnetic(磁的)forces.Thetemperatureofthecoronaissohighthatthesun’sgravitycannotholdontoitandsomesolarmaterialescapesfromitandgoesintospace,whichcausesthesolarwind.Thesolarwindistheflowofchargedpieces,knownasplasma.ParkerSolarProbewaslaunchedin2018whichmainlystudiedthesolarwind.Thesunisactuallyamagneticvariablestarwithsolaractivityhappeningnearlyperiodically.Scientistssaidbeingabletostudythesolarwindandthecoronacloseupcouldhelpthembetterunderstand“thewaytheactivitycauseschangestotheplanetweliveon”.“Wecanactuallyseethespacecraftflyingthroughthecoronalstructureduringatotalsolareclipse(日全食),”NourRaouafi,theprojectscientist,said,addingthatittookthemafewmonthstoexamineinformationfromthespacecraftandtoconfirmtheresultandthattheevidenceusedincludeddataonmagneticfieldsandthesolarwind,aswellasimages.ScientistsreportedParkerSolarProbesuccessfullywentinandoutofthecoronaatleastthreetimes.TheParkerteamsaidearlydataalsosuggestedthespacecraftmayhaveenteredthecoronaduringitsninthcloseapproachinAugustbutafurtherstudyisneededtomakeaconfirmation.Thespacecraftisexpectedtokeepgettingclosertothesunanddivingdeeperintothecoronauntilitsfinalorbit,plannedfor2025.12Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarwindfromthetext?A.Itaffectsthecorona’stemperature. B.Itfunctionsasthesurfaceofthesun.C.Itiscausedbymagneticforces. D.Itcomesfromthesun’souteratmosphere.13.WhydidNASAlaunchParkerSolarProbe?A.Tofindoutwhysolaractivityhappens.B.ToknowhowsolaractivityinfluencesEarth.C.Togetmoreevidenceofthesolarwind.D.Totakemeasurestocontrolthesolarwind.14.Whatarethescientists’attitudetotheirfindings?A.Confused. B.Doubtful. C.Cautious. D.Favorable.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SpacecraftTouchestheSunfortheFirstTimeB.ParkerUncoverstheSecretsoftheSolarWindC.NASABroughtNewDiscoveriesabouttheSunD.ParkerIsDesignedtoReachtheSunin2025【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“TheAmericanspaceagencyNASAsaysaspacecrafthasenteredthesun’soutermostatmosphereforthefirsttime.ScientistsannouncedthatParkerSolarProbetraveledthroughthesolaratmosphere’souteredge,knownasthecorona(日冕).(美國(guó)宇航局稱一艘宇宙飛船首次進(jìn)入太陽(yáng)最外層大氣層。科學(xué)家們宣布，帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器穿過(guò)了太陽(yáng)大氣的外緣，也就是日冕。)”和第二段的“Thetemperatureofthecoronaissohighthatthesun’sgravitycannotholdontoitandsomesolarmaterialescapesfromitandgoesintospace,whichcausesthesolarwind.(日冕的溫度很高，太陽(yáng)的引力無(wú)法抓住它，一些太陽(yáng)物質(zhì)從日冕逃逸到太空中，這就造成了太陽(yáng)風(fēng)。)”可知，一些太陽(yáng)物質(zhì)會(huì)從日冕中逃出，進(jìn)入太空形成太陽(yáng)風(fēng)，而日冕指太陽(yáng)大氣的最外層，由此可知，太陽(yáng)風(fēng)來(lái)自太陽(yáng)大氣的外層。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“ParkerSolarProbewaslaunchedin2018whichmainlystudiedthesolarwind.Thesunisactuallyamagneticvariablestarwithsolaractivityhappeningnearlyperiodically.Scientistssaidbeingabletostudythesolarwindandthecoronacloseupcouldhelpthembetterunderstand“thewaytheactivitycauseschangestotheplanetweliveon”(帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器于2018年發(fā)射，主要研究太陽(yáng)風(fēng)。太陽(yáng)實(shí)際上是一顆磁變星，太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)幾乎周期性地發(fā)生?？茖W(xué)家們表示，能夠近距離研究太陽(yáng)風(fēng)和日冕，可以幫助他們更好地理解“太陽(yáng)風(fēng)活動(dòng)對(duì)我們生活的星球造成的變化方式”。)”可知，“帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器”主要研究太陽(yáng)風(fēng)，以幫助科學(xué)家更好地了解太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)如何影響我們的地球。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“ittookthemafewmonthstoexamineinformationfromthespacecraftandtoconfirmtheresultandthattheevidenceusedincludeddataonmagneticfieldsandthesolarwind,aswellasimages(他們花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間來(lái)檢查來(lái)自航天器的信息，并確認(rèn)結(jié)果，所用的證據(jù)包括磁場(chǎng)和太陽(yáng)風(fēng)的數(shù)據(jù)，以及圖像)”和第五段的“butafurtherstudyisneededtomakeaconfirmation(但還需要進(jìn)一步的研究來(lái)證實(shí))”可知，科學(xué)家們花費(fèi)數(shù)月時(shí)間檢查來(lái)自航天器的信息并確認(rèn)結(jié)果，并且認(rèn)為需要開(kāi)展新研究以確認(rèn)“帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器”在8月份是否進(jìn)入日冕。由此可推斷出科學(xué)家們對(duì)他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)第一段“TheAmericanspaceagencyNASAsaysaspacecrafthasenteredthesun’soutermostatmosphereforthefirsttime.ScientistsannouncedthatParkerSolarProbetraveledthroughthesolaratmosphere’souteredge,knownasthecorona(日冕).Theydescribedtheentryasasuccessfultouchonthesun.(美國(guó)宇航局稱一艘宇宙飛船首次進(jìn)入太陽(yáng)最外層大氣層?？茖W(xué)家們宣布，帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器穿過(guò)了太陽(yáng)大氣的外緣，也就是日冕。他們稱這次進(jìn)入是一次成功的太陽(yáng)之旅。)”可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的“帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器”首次近距離接近太陽(yáng)，故A項(xiàng)“SpacecraftTouchestheSunfortheFirstTime(宇宙飛船首次接觸太陽(yáng))”作標(biāo)題最佳。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoLoveYourselfSometimesitseemseasiertoloveothersthanitdoestoloveyourself,butself-acceptanceisanimportantpartofdevelopinghealthyrelationshipswithothers.____16____.Italsomeanslivingyourownlifeashonestlyasyoucan.Luckily,withalittlepracticeandpatience,youcanlearntoloveyourself,too.Knowthedangersofalackofself-love.Alackofself-lovecanleadyoutomakeharmfulchoices.Itcanleadtoaharmfuldependenceonothersforvalidation,whichmakespeoplesetasidetheirownneedsinordertogainothers’approval.____17____Discardyournegativefilter.____18____Toomuchfocusonnegativeorlessfavorableeventsinyour,lifecanmaketheseeventsseemdisproportionately(不成比例地)important.Ifyoufindyourselfcomplainingthateverythingthathappenstoyouisbad,trytofindalittleevidencetothecontrary.Itisveryunlikelythateverythingisreallybad.____19____.Somepeoplehavetroubleacceptinganythinglessthanperfectionfromthemselves.Ifyoufindyourselfpursuingperfectionismandfeelingnegativelyaboutyourselfwhenyouarelessthanperfect,takethreesimplesteps.Stopyourcurrentlineofthinking,thenfocusontheeffortthatwillberequiredtoworktowardagoal,andthensteadilyapplytherequiredeffort.Celebrateandrewardyourself.Thisisthefunpartofself-love:rewardingyourself!____20____celebrateitwithanicedinneratyourfavoritefancyrestaurant.Thinkofallofthehardworkyoudoeveryday,andfindareasontorewardyourselfwithsomethingnice.Buyyourselfthenewbookorvideogameyou’vehadyoureyeon.A.AvoidperfectionismB.Reflectontheeffectsofself-loveC.IfyouhavehadasignificantaccomplishmentD.WhenyouarethinkingnegativelyaboutyourselfE.ItcanalsopreventemotionalrecoveryandprogressF.Lovingyourselfmeansrecognizingyourownself-worthG.Focusingonlyonthenegativesinyourlifeisabadhabit【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.A20.C【16題詳解】由空后的“Italsomeanslivingyourownlifeashonestlyasyoucan.(這也意味著你要盡可能誠(chéng)實(shí)地過(guò)自己的生活)”和該段主題可知，空處與這一句是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，都是在講愛(ài)自己意味著什么的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，且F項(xiàng)中means一詞也與空后一句中的alsomeans相呼應(yīng)。故F選項(xiàng)“愛(ài)自己意味著認(rèn)識(shí)到你的自身價(jià)值”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?7題詳解】本段的主題句是“Knowthedangersofalackofself-love.(知道缺乏自愛(ài)的危險(xiǎn))”可知，本句是對(duì)該主題句的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明?？涨耙痪洹癐tcanleadtoaharmfuldependenceonother.(這會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)他人的有害依賴)”中的Itcan也和E項(xiàng)中的Itcanalso相呼應(yīng)。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以阻止情緒的恢復(fù)和進(jìn)步”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?8題詳解】由本段的主題句“Discardyournegativefilter.(丟棄你的負(fù)面濾鏡)”可知，本段主要講述的是應(yīng)盡量克服自己的消極想法。分析選項(xiàng)可知，G項(xiàng)對(duì)主題句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，同時(shí)又引出了下文要闡述的內(nèi)容。故G選項(xiàng)“只關(guān)注你生活中消極的東西是一個(gè)不好的習(xí)慣”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】從空處所在的位置可判斷空處應(yīng)填本段的主題句。本段講述了“當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己追求完美，而對(duì)自己不夠完美感到消極時(shí)可采取的三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的步驟”，與A項(xiàng)“避免完美主義”相吻合。此外，我們也可以通過(guò)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法從本段中找出關(guān)鍵詞(perfection，perfectionism和perfect)，選出正確答案。故選A?！?0題詳解】從結(jié)構(gòu)看，本空應(yīng)填入一個(gè)從句，而C、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是從句。從段落的主題句“Celebrateandrewardyourself(慶祝并獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己)”可知，C項(xiàng)“如果你取得了一項(xiàng)重大的成就”中的“成就”與主題句中的“慶?！焙汀蔼?jiǎng)勵(lì)”相呼應(yīng)。故選C。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thissummer,14studentsfromtheSchoolofJournalismandCommunication,PekingUniversitywentonasocialpracticetriptoNihegouvillage,Yulin,inShaanxiProvince.Theywalkedacrossthecountryside,____21____thelandonfootandengagedinaseriesofactivities.Astheirjourney____22____,thestudentshandedvillagersaspecialand____23____gift—portrait(肖像)photosofeachvillagerbeforetheirleaving.Thestudents____24____thoseportraitphotosinamakeshiftphotostudiotheyhad____25____inthevillagecommittee(村委會(huì))building.____26____,withabasketofreddates(紅棗),afreshly-pickedwatermelon,orafarmingtoolinhand,smiling,____27____theirplainyetrichlivesinfrontofthecameras.Some____28____nexttotheirwivesorhusbands,ortheirgrandchildren,posingforawarmand____29____familyphoto.“Takingportraitphotosforthe____30____inthevillageiswhatwehadthoughtaboutdoingsinceourteamwas____31____,”wroteZhangYunling,agraduatestudentfromtheSchoolofJournalismandCommunication,“andwe____32____thatwhilewewereinthevillagewecoulddosomething____33____forthevillagers.”Nihegouisatypical“seniorvillage”wherealmostall____34____wereabove60,andwithoutasinglephotostudio,thevillagershardlyhadany____35____oftakingphotos,Zhangexplained,adding,“Wehopedtotakethisopportunitytoshootsome‘formal’photosforthemandto____36____theseaging,hard-workingpeople.”“Throughoutthedayofthe____37____,Ihadbeen____38____affectedbytheiremotionsandintheirsmilingfacesIcouldreadtheirpure____39____andthepassiontheyhadforlife.”Zhangsaid.“NeverbeforehadIfeltthe____40____ofphotography.”21.A.surveyed B.measured C.owned D.developed22.A.cameintoforce B.becameareality C.drewtoaclose D.madeabigdifference23.A.expensive B.memorable C.magical D.traditional.24.A.showed B.sold C.collected D.took25.A.handedover B.putup C.takendown D.givenback26.A.Students B.Villagers C.Journalists D.Builders27.A.presented B.dreamed C.described D.lived28.A.slept B.argued C.sat D.lay29.A.artificial B.complete C.classical D.loving30.A.rich B.poor C.disabled D.elderly31.A.formed B.dismissed C.assessed D.enlarged32.A.imagined B.explained C.hoped D.answered33.A.reasonable B.meaningful C.efficient D.important34.A.residents B.officers C.ladies D.neighbors35.A.awareness B.chance C.money D.skill36.A.praise B.change C.record D.attract37.A.research B.observation C.visit D.shoot38.A.barely B.possibly C.constantly D.occasionally39.A.kindness B.generosity C.luck D.bravery40.A.cycle B.history C.goal D.power【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.B27.A28.C29.D30.D31.A32.C33.B34.A35.B36.C37.D38.C39.A40.D【解析】【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們穿過(guò)鄉(xiāng)村，徒步勘測(cè)土地，并進(jìn)行了一系列的活動(dòng)。A.surveyed調(diào)查；B.measured測(cè)量；C.owned擁有；D.developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)后文“thelandonfootand”指勘測(cè)土地，應(yīng)用survey。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們的旅程接近尾聲時(shí)，學(xué)生們?cè)陔x開(kāi)前給村民們遞上了一份特別的、值得紀(jì)念的禮物——每位村民的肖像照片。A.cameintoforce生效；B.becameareality成為現(xiàn)實(shí)；C.drewtoaclose漸近結(jié)束，告終；D.madeabigdifference有影響。根據(jù)后文“portraitphotosofeachvillagerbeforetheirleaving”可知，旅程接近尾聲。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們的旅程接近尾聲時(shí)，學(xué)生們?cè)陔x開(kāi)前給村民們遞上了一份特別的、值得紀(jì)念的禮物——每位村民的肖像照片。A.expensive昂貴的；B.memorable難忘的；C.magical神奇的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)后文“gift—portraitphotosofeachvillager”可知，指一份特別的、值得紀(jì)念的禮物——每位村民的肖像照片。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們?cè)诖逦瘯?huì)大樓里臨時(shí)搭起的照相館里拍了那些肖像照。A.showed展示；B.sold出售；C.collected收集；D.took帶走。根據(jù)后文“thoseportraitphotos”指拍照，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞take。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：學(xué)生們?cè)诖逦瘯?huì)大樓里臨時(shí)搭起的照相館里拍了那些肖像照。A.handedover移交；B.putup提供，建造；C.takendown記下；D.givenback歸還。根據(jù)上文“amakeshiftphotostudiotheyhad”指搭建的照相館，應(yīng)用putup。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們手里拿著一籃紅棗，一個(gè)剛摘的西瓜，或者一件農(nóng)具，微笑著在鏡頭前展示了他們樸素而富裕的生活。A.Students學(xué)生；B.Villagers村民；C.