專題09 7BU1-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)一遍過（江蘇專用）

7BU1-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)一遍過（江蘇專用）過單詞短語過單詞短語1.townn.鎮(zhèn)，城鎮(zhèn)（可數(shù)）intown在城鎮(zhèn)（不用冠詞）例：Someyoungpeoplelikelivingintown.一些年輕人喜歡住在城鎮(zhèn)里。固定搭配：hometown家鄉(xiāng)gototown進(jìn)城2.Canadan.加拿大Canadiann.加拿大人，可數(shù)；adj.加拿大（人）的。例：CanadiansspeakEnglishandFrench.加拿大說英語和法語。3.Francen.法國Frenchn.法語，adj.法國（人）的。Frenchmann.法國人復(fù)數(shù)：Frenchmen例：Now,IliveinFrance.IcanspeakFrenchandlikedrinkFrenchwinewithFrenchmen.我現(xiàn)在居住在法國。我會(huì)說法語并且喜歡喝法國人一起喝法國紅酒。4.Japann.日本Japanesen.日本人，可數(shù)并且單復(fù)數(shù)同形；n.日語，不可數(shù)；adj.日本（人）的，日語的。5.Russian.俄羅斯Russiann.俄語，俄國人；adj.俄羅斯（人）的，俄語的。6.UK=UnitedKingdom英國Britainn.英國，不列顛Britishadj.英國（人）的，大不列顛的Englandn.英國，英格蘭；Englishn.英語，英國人，英文，英格蘭人；adj.英國（人）的，英文的例：BritishEnglishisdifferentfromAmericanEnglish.英式英語與美式英語不同。7.countryn.國家復(fù)數(shù)：countriesn.農(nóng)村，鄉(xiāng)下=countryside8.capitaln.首都thecapitalof…的首都國家首都景點(diǎn)JapanTokyoMountFujitheUSAWashingtonDCtheWhiteHouseFranceParistheEiffelTowerCanadaOttawatheCNTowertheUKLondonBigBenRussiaMoscowRedSquare9.cantren.中心inthecentreof在…的中間例：Look!Heisstandinginthecentreoftheroom.看！他正站在房間的中間。辨析：centre指圓、球體、城市或者方形的中心，還可表示重要活動(dòng)或事物的中心middle指長方形的中央或道路兩側(cè)的中央等，也可指某期間。10.sharevt.分享，合用sharesth.withsb.livewithsb.=sharetheroomwithsb.共住一間房間例：Canyoushareyourtoyswithher?你能與她分享你的玩具嗎？11.own adj.自己的要與物主代詞連用one’sownsth例：Everyoneloveshisorherownparents.每個(gè)人喜歡他或她自己的父母。ofone’sown屬于自己的haveone’sown=havesthofone’sownShehasherowncar=Shehasacarofherown她有自己的車。one’sownsth.=sth.ofone’sown例：Ihavemyownbedroom.=Ihaveabedroomofmyown.拓：（1）ownvt.擁有，所有；相當(dāng)于have例：Idon’townthishouse.我沒有擁有這個(gè)房子onone’sown獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)=alone=byoneself（2）ownern.主人，所有者，可數(shù)。例：TheownerofthehouseisMrGreen.這個(gè)房子的主人是格林先生。1.hunderdnum.百，其前有具體的數(shù)字修飾時(shí)，其后不加-s。例：Therearetwohundredbooksonthedesk.書桌上有兩百本書。拓：當(dāng)hundred表示表示概數(shù)時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，并且后接of短語。類似這種用法的還有thousand,million等詞。hundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousandsof成千上萬的millionsof數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的，許許多多的例：Hundredsofpeoplegothereeveryyear.數(shù)以百計(jì)的人每年去那里。2.footn.英尺，可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)為feet。例：Heissixfeetseveninchestall.他有6英尺7英寸高。n.腳；底部例：Adoghasfourfeet.狗有四只腳。onfoot步行atthefootof在…的腳下3.over①prep.超過=morethan例：Thereareoverfiftymenteachersinourschool.我們學(xué)校有五十多位男教師。②prep.在……的上方，反義詞：under。例：Thereisawoodenbridgeovertheriver.那條河上有一座木橋。辨析：over“在……的上方”，物體之間不發(fā)生接觸，一般指正上方，反義詞為under。above“在……的上方”，僅僅指上方，但不一定指正上方，反義詞是below。on“在……的上面”，物體之間發(fā)生接觸。例：ThereisalightoverTom’sdesk.湯姆的書桌上方有一盞燈。Heisnowlivinginaflatabovethebank.他現(xiàn)在住在銀行上方的一套公寓里。ThereisamapofChinaonthewall.在墻上有一張中國地圖。③adv.全部地，從頭到尾，翻轉(zhuǎn)過來。例：Turnthepageover.把這一頁翻過去。4.showern.淋浴器，淋浴，陣雨，可數(shù)takeashower淋浴例：Theshowermaylastinanhourortwo.這場(chǎng)雨可能要持續(xù)一兩個(gè)小時(shí)。v.（洗）淋浴，灑落。5.messagen.消息，音信，可數(shù)。takeamessageforsb.為某人捎個(gè)信givesb.amessage把口信捎給某人leaveamessage留個(gè)口信例：IoftengetmassagefromTom.我經(jīng)常收到湯姆的消息。6.invitevt.邀請(qǐng)invitesb.tosp.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事例：Davidofteninvitesmetogoshoppingwithhim.大衛(wèi)經(jīng)常邀請(qǐng)我和他去逛街。invitationn.邀請(qǐng)例：Ioftengetlettersofinvitation.我經(jīng)常收到邀請(qǐng)函。7.stayvi.停留，逗留。連系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持”例：Heisillandhastostayinbed.他病了，不得不躺在床上。stayathome呆在家里stayaway外出，不在家stayawayfromschool曠課staywithsb.和某人在一起過語法 過語法一、數(shù)詞的基本分類1）基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如one,five,ten,thirty,sixty-five等。2）序數(shù)詞表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如first,sixth,tenth,twenty-first等。二、數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1）1-20表達(dá)英語中有相對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞，兩位數(shù)的表達(dá)方法為整數(shù)加個(gè)位數(shù)組成，如twenty-one;三位數(shù)如onehundredandtwenty-one,百位和十位之間加and，后面兩位數(shù)要加連字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之間加and，如1134onethousand,onehundredandthirty-four。英語中沒有萬，千萬，億等單位，如果需要表示萬的話用thousand計(jì)算,如1,4283fourteenthousandtwohundredandeighty-three；如果需要表示千萬和億的話用million計(jì)算，如2,1824,5200twohundredandeighteenmilliontwohundredandforty-fivethousandandtwohundred。2）用作基數(shù)詞單位的hundred,thousand,million,billion不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，但若用于表示數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬這樣的泛指，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Abouttwothousandpeoplediedintheearthquake.大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。Thousandsofpeoplegototheseasideeveryyear.每年成千上萬的人到海濱去。3）表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。如：Heisinhisearlytwenties.他才二十出頭。Thistookplaceinthe1930s.這事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代。數(shù)詞和名詞，形容詞連用時(shí)有連字符和沒有連字符在句中的位置是有區(qū)別的，例如five-year-old和fiveyearsold.有連字符的在句中做定語，修飾后面的名詞；無連字符的在句中做表語，放在系動(dòng)詞后面。Thefive-year-oldboycandresshimself.那個(gè)5歲的孩子自己能穿衣服了。Mysonisafive-year-oldboy.我的兒子是一個(gè)五歲的男孩。2、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成許多序數(shù)詞是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后加詞尾-th構(gòu)成的，如four/fourth，sixteen/sixteenth；twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth等表示整十的序數(shù)詞，由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞將詞尾y改為ie，再加-th構(gòu)成。一二三，特殊記，（first，second，third）加th從四起；(從四開始所有的序數(shù)詞都是以th結(jié)尾的。)八少t，九少e；(eight去t加th變成eighth，nine去e加上th變成ninth)逢五與十二，f替ve；(five，twelve中ve變?yōu)閒再加th，就成為fifth，twelfth)二十到九十，y變ie；（20~90等十位整數(shù)的基數(shù)詞都是以y結(jié)尾的，變成序數(shù)詞時(shí)要變y為ie,再加th。例如：twentieth，thirtieth等。）若是幾十幾，前基后序要牢記。（這些詞的序數(shù)詞寫法是：十位數(shù)保持基數(shù)詞不變，個(gè)位數(shù)改成序數(shù)詞，如：twenty-first,ninety-fifth.）百位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞：百位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞＋后面十位數(shù)或個(gè)位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞，如：第二百二十twohundredandtwentieth第二百零三twohundredandthird序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成，如：twohundredandtwentieth220thtwohundredandthird203rd第九ninth十九nineteen 第十九nineteenth九十ninety 第九十ninetieth第四fourth十四fourteen 第十四fourteenth四十forty第四十fortieth三、數(shù)詞的用法：1)序數(shù)詞前通常要用定冠詞，但當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞時(shí)，通常省略其前的定冠詞。如：Todayismyfather’sfortiethbirthday.有時(shí)序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞，而用不定冠詞，表示次第在原有基礎(chǔ)上的增加。如：We’llhavetodoitasecondtime.我們得再做一次。2)時(shí)刻的表示：小時(shí)，分鐘，秒鐘都用基數(shù)詞表示，例如：fiveo'clock,seventhirty,twotoeight等。3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞。例如：in1999，五月八號(hào)寫作Maytheeighth表示在幾世紀(jì)這個(gè)概念時(shí)，用序數(shù)詞。例如：在21世紀(jì)寫作inthetwenty-firstcentury.4）在分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)，分子須用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子如是1以上的基數(shù)詞,分母須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如1/3寫作a/onethird，3/4寫作threefourths。編號(hào)的表示：基數(shù)詞放到名詞的后面，前面的名詞要大寫；序數(shù)詞放在名詞的前面，要加定冠詞。例如：Lesson1，thefirstlesson.注意：①hundred，thousand，million用復(fù)數(shù)形式修飾名詞時(shí)，要用“hundreds/thousands/millionsof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：hundredsofyoungpeople數(shù)以百計(jì)的年輕人thousandsofbooks數(shù)以千計(jì)的書②hundred，thousand，million前面用了基數(shù)詞表示“幾百，幾千，幾百萬”時(shí)，hundred，thousand，million后不能加“s”表示復(fù)數(shù)。例如：fivehundred五百（不能寫成fivehundreds）數(shù)詞單項(xiàng)練習(xí)：()1.一WelcometoLosAngeles.Haveyoueverbeenhere?一Sure.Ivisitedthiscitythreeyearsagosothisismytimehere.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth()2.一Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?一Abouthours.From9;00p.m.to6:00a.m.A.nineB.nineteenC.ninthD.ninety()3.一HaveyouheardofTFBOYS?一Certainly.Aboutteenagerslovethemverymuchinourschool.A.hundredsB.twohundredsofC.twohundredsD.twohundred()4.Hehasfailedtimes,buthewon'tgiveupachance.A.third;fourB.three;fourthC.third;fourth()5.Therearemonthsinayear.Decemberisthemonthofayear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelfth;twelfthC.twelve;twelfthD.twelfth;twelve()6.一Ifyourparentswantedtohaveachild,wouldyouagree?一Ofcourse.Buttheyshouldmakeitinyears'time.A.second;secondB.two;twoC.second;twoD.two;second()7.Pleaseturntopageandtakealookatthepictureonit.A.theeightiethB.eightiethC.eightiesD.eighty()8.Heclimbedsofastthathereachedfloorintwominutes.A.nineB.thenineC.theninthD.ninth()9.一Howmanyfriendswillcometoyourbirthdayparty?一About.A.twelve;twelfthB.twelveth;twelveC.twelfth;twelve()10.Theworkerswillcompletethenewbridgein.A.twoandahalfmonthsB.twomonthsandhalfC.twoandahalfmonth()11.Meimeiisgoingtobeanoldersister.Herparentsareplanningtohavetheirchild.A.oneB.twoC.firstD.second()12.一Hi,Andy!Therearefloorsinthisbuilding.Whichfloordoyouliveon?一Iliveonthefloor.A.thirty;twenty-secondB.thirty;twenty-twoC.thirtieth;twenty-two()13.Kobe'sfanswatchedhisfinalmatchandofthemweremen.A.Millionof;threefourthsB.Threemillions;thirdfourC.Millionsof;threefourthsD.Threemillion;thirdfours()14.July1stofthisyearisthebirthdayoftheCPC(中國共產(chǎn)黨).A.ninety-fiveB.ninetieth-fifthC.ninetieth-fiveD.ninety-fifth()15.一Arecentsurveyshowsthat35outof45studentsinmyclasswillsavetheirphonesfirstinafire.一Aboutofthestudentsmadesuchachoice?Lifeisfarmoreimportant,isn'tit?A.halfB.onethirdC.twothirdsD.threequarters()16.一Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?一Wonderful!ofthelandcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth:are【答案】B、A、D、B、CC、D、C、C、AD、A、C、D、D、A數(shù)詞填空練習(xí)：1.EvenachildknowsSeptemberisthe______monthofayear.（nine）2.Three______________(hundred)ofthestudentsaredancingatthesquareaftersupper.3.Myfamilyliveonthe_________（five）floorofthetallbuilding.4.I’veboughtapresentformyfather’s_________(forty)birthday.5.Decemberisthe_____(twelve)monthofit.6.Chinesepeopleplantseveral__________

(million)treeseveryyear.

7.Now_______(thousand)ofpeoplearoundtheworldcan’tgetcleanwater.8.Thedoctoradvisedhimtotakethemedicine_____(two)aday.【答案】1.ninth2.hundred3.fifth4.fortieth5.twelfth6.million7.thousands8.Twice重難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練重難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Neilisfrom__________UK.Heis__________Englishboy.A.an,the B.the,a C.the,an D.a,the()2.I’mgoingtoaskDavid_______theflat. A.clean B.toclean C.cleaning D.cleans()3.Wednesdayisthe_______dayofaweek. A.fifth B.fourth C.forth D.third()4.Look,thereisanotherchairoverthere.Soyoudon’thaveto_______thechairwithme.A.sit B.have C.share D.get()5.Ialwayshavefun_______myfriendsatweekends. A.on B.at C.with D.in()6.Danieloftenhelpshismother________thehouse. A.tocleaning B.cleans C.cleaning D.clean()7.--_______isyourtelephonenumber? --It’s2066866.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.What D.How()8.--Howmanydaysarethereinayear? --_______days.A.Threehundred,sixty-five B.Threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.Threehundredandsixtyfive D.Threehundredandsixty-five()9.That'sthebestplace_______football.A.playwith B.toplay C.toplaythe D.toplaywith()10.--_______isitfromyourhometoschool?--5miles.A.Howfar B.Howlong C.Howoften D.Howsoon()11.Thereis_______foodinthefridge.A.muchenough B.enoughmorethan C.morethanenoughD.enoughmuch()12.Don’ttellothers,it’sasecret(秘密)between_______and_______.A.you;I B.your;my C.you;me D.me;you()13.Yourhouseisdifferent_______ours.Youhaveahouse_______abeautifulgarden.A.from;has B.as;with C.from;with D.as;has()14.Maryisalways_______1eavetheclassroom.A.first B.firststudentto C.thefirst D.thefirstto()15.Whichofthefollowingstress(重讀)thesecondsyllable(音節(jié))?A.favourite B.computer C.study D.balcony()16.--What_______yourdreamhome_______?--It’sbig.A.is;like B.does;like C.is;looklikeD.does;look()17.Iwouldlike_______friends_______ashowerorabath_______thesametime.A.allmy;tohave;in B.myall;have;atC.myall;tohave;in D.allmy;tohave;at()18._______peoplelost(失去)theirhomesinWenChuanEarthquake. A.Twothousands B.Thousandsof C.ThousandD.Thousandof()19.Theyarereading_______lessononpage_______.A.twentieth,twenty B.thetwentieth,twentiethC.thetwentieth,twenty D.twenty,twentieth()20.--Hello,MayIspeaktoMillie? --_______A.Yes,IamMillie. B.I’mspeaking. C.ThisisMilliespeaking. D.Yes,whoareyou【答案】1-5CBBCC 6-10DCDBA 11-15CCCDB16-20ADBCC二、詞匯填空A.根據(jù)句意或所給中英文提示完成句子21.Isthereawashing__________（機(jī)器）inthebathroom?22.

___________(morethan)eighteenpeoplecanjoinOxfamTrailwalker.23.Fourstudentsdidbetterthanhe,sohegotthe_________placeinthecompetition(比賽).24.Whydon’tyou__________(toasksomeonetocometoaparty,meal...)herforadrinkattheclubthisevening?25.Sorry,Millieisn’tin.MayItakea__________foryou?B.從方框中選擇合適的詞，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空manykniferealIfunny26.The

film

is

very

exciting.

I____________enjoy

it.

27.Canyouaskhimtocall____________back?28.Childrenusuallyhave____________playingtogether.29.Shehas____________thantwobabies.30.Arethereany____________inthebox?C.選用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空havelivelietellgo31.Mary,withherparents,often__________shoppingonSundays.32.Look!LittleTom_________ontheground.33.Thereareabout2000people__________inourhometown.34.Eachstudent__________anEnglishbookonthedesk.35.Thanksfor__________metheway.【答案】machine 22.Over23.fifth 24.invite25.message really 27.me 28.fun 29.more30.knivesgoes 32.islying 33.living 34.has 35.telling三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換36.Simonoftendoeshishomeworkathome.(改為一般疑問句)________Simonoften________hishomeworkathome?37.Myflathassevenrooms.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)____________________sevenroomsinmyflat.38.TheKFCisonthesixthfloor.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________________istheKFCon?39.Herblouseisnotthesameasmine.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Herblouseis______________________mine.40.Theriveris4metresdeep.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_____________________istheriver?【答案】36.Does,do 37.Thereare 38.Whichfloor 39.differentfrom 40.Howdeep 四、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Canyou________(sing)thesonginEnglish?2..LittleTombegan________(learn)Frenchattheageof5.3.Hemaycomehereifhe_________(be)free.4.Idon’tknowwhat_________(do)next.5.Mybestfriendpractises_________(dance)everyday.6.Ican’twait________(see)you.7.NextThursdaywe__________(visit)theSummerPalace.8.Pleaseaskhim________(call)mesoon.9.There________(be)threeimportantmeetingsnextmonth.10.Mr.Smith_________(live)twofloorsabovehisparents.【答案】sing2.learning/tolearn3.is4.todo5.dancing6.tosee7.willvisit8.tocall9.willbe10.lives五、閱讀理解Once(有一次)anoldmanwenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorlookedhimovercarefullyandsaid,“Medicine(藥物)won’thelpyou.Youmusthaveagoodrest.Gotobedearly,drinkmilk,walkalotandsmokeonecigaraday.Gotothecountryplaceforamouth.”Afteramonththemancametothedoctoragain,“Howareyou?”saidthedoctor,“I’mgladtoseeyouagain.Youlookmuchyounger.”“OH！Doctor,Ifeelquitewellnow.”saidtheman,“Ihadagoodrest.Iwenttobedearly,drankaofmilkandwalkedalot.Youradvice(建議)certainlyhelpedme,butyoutoldmetosmokeonecigaradayalmostkilled（殺死）mefirst.It’snojoke(玩笑)tostartsmokingatmyage!”()1.Thedoctortoldtheman____.A.togotobedearlyB.todrinkmilkC.towalkalotD.BothA,BandC()2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?A.Thedoctortoldthemantovisitabeautifulcityofcountryforamonth.B.Thedoctordidn’ttellhimwhattodo.C.Afteramonth,theoldmanfeltbetter.D.Theoldmanwasyoungerthanbeforeafteramonth.()3.Thedoctor’swordswere_____fortheoldman’shealth.A.badB.goodC.wellD.strong()4.Thedoctorwantedtheoldman______.A.togetworseB.tosmokelessthanbeforeC.tohelphim