2024年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)-完形填空微專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練6-非常規(guī)選材之說(shuō)明文和議論文

2/2完形填空微專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化練6非常規(guī)選材之說(shuō)明文和議論文考情速遞：近幾年高考完形填空主要考查記敘文，但也要關(guān)注其他文體，如說(shuō)明文和議論文，做到備考無(wú)死角。解題提示：1.說(shuō)明文完形填空解題要領(lǐng)：①明確說(shuō)明對(duì)象，理清段落關(guān)系；②弄清說(shuō)明順序，把握作者態(tài)度。2.議論文完形填空解題要領(lǐng)：①抓住開(kāi)篇，明確論點(diǎn)；②關(guān)注論證方式，理清行文邏輯；③關(guān)注尾段，把握結(jié)論。Fifty－fivemorepublicschoolshaverecentlyinviteddogstotheirclassrooms.Dogshavebeen__1__inclassforfiveyearsduetotheComfortDogProgram,whichisbecomingmore__2__now.Comfortdogshavebeenfoundto__3__positivefeelings.Buthowdothesepets__4__intheclassroom?Forsomestudents,thecomfortpet__5__thememotionally,whichallowsthemtobe__6__intheirstudiesandmakeremarkableachievements.Astrugglingstudentcanturntothepetandgetencouragement.Inothercases，teachersusethepetasateachingtool,makingitpartofthe__7__.Dogtrainingisnot__8__awalkinthepark.Ittakestime,__9__andconsistency.Sodoesthisprogram.Ateacherandtheirdogmustparticipateinasix－h(huán)ourtrainingsession.It__10__theteachertoeffectivelycomfortthestudentsifthey’re__11__ofpets.Thedogisalsotrainedtobe__12__withstrangersandtheteacherwhoneedstobeintunewiththepetandknowhowto__13__itsstresssignals.Theprogramhasbeenasuccess,benefitingsomanystudentsandteachers.Hundredsofotherschools__14__themselveswiththeprogramandhavethe__15__tojoinit.1.A.taught B.employedC.raised D.prohibited2.A.enjoyable B.secureC.popular D.affordable3.A.promote B.experienceC.share D.favor4.A.behave B.assistC.survive D.struggle5.A.protects B.supportsC.moves D.amazes6.A.interested B.occupiedC.absorbed D.skilled7.A.homework B.lessonC.relaxation D.experiment8.A.basically B.obviouslyC.naturally D.necessarily9.A.effort B.moneyC.fortune D.attention10.A.advises B.persuadesC.drives D.coaches11.A.scared B.proudC.tired D.doubtful12.A.strict B.carefulC.patient D.friendly13.A.giveoff B.putasideC.getacross D.makeout14.A.equip B.linkC.concern D.inspire15.A.ability B.curiosityC.intention D.freedom(2023·阜陽(yáng)高三下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試)Manypeoplearevolunteeringtohelpothers.Theyareagenerally__1__groupandgettingahugebenefitthatnon－volunteersdon’t.Researchsuggeststhatvolunteersaren’tjusthelpingthecommunitiesthey__2__.Theyactuallyexperienceaboostintheirmentalhealth.__3__withpeoplewhodon’tvolunteer,peoplewhovolunteeraremore__4__withtheirlivesandratetheiroverallhealthasbetter.Alsopeoplewhovolunteermorefrequentlyexperiencegreater__5__：Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealththanthosewhovolunteered__6__ornotatall.Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.Whileit’s__7__thathappierpeoplespendmoretimevolunteering,studiessuggestthatyoudon’tneedtoalready__8__happytobenefitfromit.Infact,someresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewho__9__withlowerlevelsofwellbeingmayevengetabiggerboostfromvolunteering.Whydoesvolunteering__10__mentalhealth?Acombinationof__11__islikelyatplay.Volunteeringappearstobenaturally__12__—whenwehelpothers,wetendtoexperiencea“warmglow(喜悅)”.Volunteeringisalsolikelytohelpboostasenseof__13__connection.Inparticular,forolderadults,volunteeringcanbeawaytostayconnectedtoothersafter__14__.Finally,volunteeringcanbeawayto__15__professionalskillsandtryoutleadershipopportunities.1.A.weather－beaten B.kind－h(huán)eartedC.nature－loving D.good－looking2.A.respect B.describeC.analyze D.serve3.A.Compared B.HonoredC.Crowded D.Related4.A.impressed B.satisfiedC.bored D.concerned5.A.adventures B.operationsC.victories D.benefits6.A.informally B.unavoidablyC.infrequently D.unworthily7.A.simple B.trueC.strange D.important8.A.feel B.soundC.keep D.turn9.A.putup B.startoutC.showoff D.runaway10.A.manage B.requireC.involve D.support11.A.standards B.activitiesC.factors D.patterns12.A.rewarding B.difficultC.shocking D.suitable13.A.romantic B.remoteC.cultural D.social14.A.retirement B.graduationC.consultation D.treatment15.A.recognize B.buildC.research D.match(2023·邯鄲高三一模)Itisalmostimpossibletobeleftaloneinadigitalworld,wherepeoplearemeanttobeconnected.Inthisrespect,digitaltechnologieshave__1__ourlife.Thepossibilitytobeconnectedallthetimehasbroughtourpersonalspacetoa(n)__2__aswe’veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso__3__intheworldofnetworksthatonecanoftenbecontactedevenifthey’drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,textande－mail,notonlyfromour__4__，butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostpeoplehavebecome__5__ondigitaltechnologysimplybecauseithasbecomeanecessarypartoflife,andatthispointnot__6__itwouldmakethemansocialoutsider.__7__，manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobeconnected.Fromthispointofview,beingreachablemightfeellikea__8__tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Butsolitude(獨(dú)處)stillcanbepossibleforthosewho__9__wantit.Computerscanbe__10__andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Ofcourse,thechoicetobe“off”and“on”hasmany__11__aswellasdisadvantages.Whentravelersendup__12__inmountains,andmobilephonescanmeanlifeordeath,althoughtheycanalsomakepeoplefeel__13__andforcedtoanswerunwantedcalls.Actually,attitudestowardsdigitaltechnologiesasasociety__14__widely.Somefindthemagift.Othersconsiderthemacurse.Whetheryoulikeitornot,it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthe__15__indigitaltechnologies.1.A.reshaped B.respectedC.ignored D.preserved2.A.alarm B.stageC.end D.balance3.A.sensitive B.intelligentC.considerate D.reachable4.A.neighbors B.computersC.friends D.monitors5.A.impressed B.hardC.dependent D.focused6.A.finding B.usingC.protecting D.changing7.A.Also B.InsteadC.Otherwise D.Therefore8.A.pleasure B.benefitC.burden D.shame9.A.slightly B.barelyC.merely D.really10.A.soldout B.brokenupC.shutdown D.joinedin11.A.aspects B.advantagesC.weaknesses D.exceptions12.A.hidden B.lostC.relaxed D.deserted13.A.trapped B.excitedC.confused D.amused14.A.vary B.ariseC.spread D.exist15.A.hopes B.testsC.interests D.achievements參考答案eq\x(A)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了很多學(xué)校使用安慰犬協(xié)助教學(xué)的相關(guān)情況。1.B[上文提到最近有55所學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)狗進(jìn)課堂，下文提到安慰犬項(xiàng)目，由此可推知狗在課堂中的使用已經(jīng)有五年了。]2.C[根據(jù)上文提到的最近又有55所學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)狗進(jìn)課堂可知，安慰犬項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)在變得更受歡迎了。]3.A[根據(jù)下文中的“thecomfortpetthememotionally...encouragement”可知，此處指安慰犬能讓人產(chǎn)生積極的情緒。promote“促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)，增進(jìn)”。]4.B[根據(jù)下文中的“Forsomestudents...partofthe.”可知，安慰犬對(duì)學(xué)生和老師都有幫助。由此可知，此處表示這些寵物是如何在教室提供幫助的呢。behave“表現(xiàn)”；assist“幫助，協(xié)助”；survive“繼續(xù)存在，挺過(guò)”；struggle“奮斗，努力，爭(zhēng)取”。]5.B[對(duì)于有些學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，安慰犬可以在情感上支持(supports)他們。]6.C[根據(jù)空后的“intheirstudiesandmakeremarkableachievements”可知，此處說(shuō)的是使他們能夠?qū)Ｐ膶W(xué)習(xí)并取得好成績(jī)。beabsorbedin“專(zhuān)心致志于，全神貫注于”，符合語(yǔ)境。beinterestedin“對(duì)……感興趣”；beoccupiedin“忙于”；beskilledin“在……方面熟練”。]7.B[在其他情況下，老師把安慰犬用作教具，使其成為課程(lesson)的一部分。]8.D[根據(jù)下文中的“Ittakestime...consistency.”和訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容可知，此處表示訓(xùn)練狗未必就是在公園里遛遛狗。notnecessarily“不一定，未必”。]9.A[上文提到“Ittakestime”，下文提到“six－h(huán)ourtrainingsession”及需要做的一系列事情，由此可知，訓(xùn)練狗需要精力。]10.D[結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處講述訓(xùn)練的內(nèi)容，表示該訓(xùn)練會(huì)指導(dǎo)老師有效地安慰害怕寵物的學(xué)生。coach在這里是動(dòng)詞，表示“培訓(xùn)，指導(dǎo)”。]11.A[參見(jiàn)上題解析。scared“害怕”。]12.D[根據(jù)安慰犬的工作環(huán)境和工作內(nèi)容可知，此處指狗也被訓(xùn)練如何與陌生人和老師友好相處。befriendlywithsb“與某人很要好/友好相處”。]13.D[上文提到老師需要與安慰犬保持一致以及在學(xué)生害怕時(shí)有效安撫學(xué)生，由此可知這里指老師需要知道如何識(shí)別安慰犬的壓力信號(hào)(以保證安全)。giveoff“發(fā)出”；putaside“忽視，不理睬”；getacross“把……講清楚”；makeout“看出，辨認(rèn)出”。]14.C[很多其他學(xué)校也對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目感興趣。concern在這里是動(dòng)詞，concernoneselfwithsth“對(duì)……感興趣”。]15.C[上文提到很多其他學(xué)校對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目感興趣，由此可推知這里表示這些學(xué)校有加入這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的打算。]eq\x(B)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了做志愿服務(wù)讓人更快樂(lè)、心理更健康，并解釋了這種現(xiàn)象的原因。1.B[weather－beaten飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的；kind－h(huán)earted心地善良的；nature－loving熱愛(ài)自然的；good－looking好看的。根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplearevolunteeringtohelpothers.”可知，許多人愿意幫助他人，說(shuō)明他們普遍是心地善良的群體。]2.D[respect尊重；describe描述；analyze分析；serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)常識(shí)，志愿者參加的都是非營(yíng)利性組織或團(tuán)體，他們?yōu)檫@些組織團(tuán)體服務(wù)。]3.A[compare對(duì)比；honor執(zhí)行；crowd擁擠；relate關(guān)聯(lián)。根據(jù)后文“peoplewhovolunteeraremorewiththeirlivesandratetheiroverallhealthasbetter”可知，做志愿者的人有更多的益處，這個(gè)結(jié)論是和不做志愿者的人進(jìn)行對(duì)比得出的。]4.B[impressed留下印象；satisfied滿(mǎn)足；bored無(wú)聊；concerned關(guān)注的。根據(jù)后文“Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.”可知，做志愿者的人隨著時(shí)間的推移更加幸福，推斷出他們對(duì)自己的生活更加滿(mǎn)意。]5.D[adventure冒險(xiǎn)；operation操作；victory勝利；benefit益處。根據(jù)后文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealth”可知，那些做志愿者的人精神更健康，說(shuō)明做志愿者的人受益更多。]6.C[informally非正式地；unavoidably不可避免地；infrequently稀少地；unworthily無(wú)價(jià)值地。根據(jù)前文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonth”和“than”推斷出，此處要把至少每個(gè)月做一次志愿者的人和不做或少做志愿者的人進(jìn)行對(duì)比。]7.B[simple簡(jiǎn)單的；true真的；strange奇怪的；important重要的。根據(jù)后文“happierpeoplespendmoretimevolunteering”可知，更幸福的人花更多時(shí)間做志愿者活動(dòng)是客觀事實(shí)。]8.A[feel感覺(jué)；sound聽(tīng)起來(lái)；keep保持；turn轉(zhuǎn)向。根據(jù)常識(shí)，幸福是一種感覺(jué)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞feel表示感受。]9.B[putup提供；startout開(kāi)始；showoff炫耀；runaway逃跑。根據(jù)前文“Theresearchersalsofoundthatpeoplewhostartedtovolunteerbecamehappierovertime.”可知，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)做志愿者的人們隨著時(shí)間的推移會(huì)更幸福，推斷出開(kāi)始幸福感很低的人也會(huì)幸福感提升，startout意為“開(kāi)始”，符合語(yǔ)境。]10.D[manage經(jīng)營(yíng)；require要求；involve參與；support有助于。根據(jù)前文“Thosewhovolunteeredatleastonceamonthreportedbettermentalhealth”可知，志愿者活動(dòng)讓志愿者有更好的心理狀態(tài)，推斷出志愿者活動(dòng)有助于心理健康。]11.C[standard水平；activity活動(dòng)；factor因素；pattern方式。根據(jù)后文“Volunteeringappearstobe...boostasenseofconnection.”可知，志愿者活動(dòng)不僅有回報(bào)也可以幫助促進(jìn)社交，說(shuō)明志愿者活動(dòng)有益處是因?yàn)楦鞣N因素的促進(jìn)作用。]12.A[rewarding有回報(bào)的；difficult困難的；shocking震驚的；suitable合適的。根據(jù)后文“whenwehelpothers,wetendtoexperiencea‘warmglow(喜悅)’.”可知，我們?cè)趲椭藭r(shí)會(huì)經(jīng)歷溫暖的喜悅感，這就是一種回報(bào)。]13.D[romantic浪漫的；remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；cultural文化的；social社交的。根據(jù)后文“Inparticular,forolderadults,volunteeringcanbeawaytostayconnectedtoothersafter.”可知，對(duì)于老年退休者志愿者活動(dòng)能讓他們保持和他人的聯(lián)系，推斷出志愿者活動(dòng)可以促進(jìn)社交聯(lián)系。]14.A[retirement退休；graduation畢業(yè)；consultation咨詢(xún)；treatment治療。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，老年人在退休后有可能脫離社會(huì)和個(gè)人。]15.B[recognize意識(shí)到；build建立；research研究；match匹配。根據(jù)后文“andtryoutleadershipopportunities”可知，志愿者活動(dòng)給人們機(jī)會(huì)嘗試全新的東西比如領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，推斷出專(zhuān)業(yè)技巧也是可以通過(guò)志愿者活動(dòng)建立起來(lái)。]eq\x(C)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述數(shù)字技術(shù)在給我們帶來(lái)方便的同時(shí)也幾乎剝奪了我們獨(dú)處的機(jī)會(huì)。1.A[reshape“重塑”；respect“尊敬”；ignore“忽視”；preserve“保存”。根據(jù)上文“Itisalmostimpossible...aremeanttobeconnected.”可知，數(shù)字技術(shù)幾乎剝奪了我們獨(dú)處的機(jī)會(huì)，所以從這方面來(lái)看，數(shù)字技術(shù)重塑了我們的生活。]2.C[根據(jù)上文“Itisalmostimpossibletobeleftaloneinadigitalworld”可知，數(shù)字技術(shù)幾乎剝奪了我們獨(dú)處的機(jī)會(huì)，所以這種無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在的連接終結(jié)了我們的私人空間。bring...toanend意為“使……結(jié)束”。]3.D[sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“聰明的”；considerate“體貼的”；reachable“觸手可及的”。此處與下文“Fromthispointofview,beingreachablemightfeellikea”相呼應(yīng)，表示無(wú)處不在的網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓我們變得觸手可及。]4.B[neighbor“鄰居”；computer“電腦”；friend“朋友”；monitor“監(jiān)視器”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示人們不僅可以通過(guò)電腦，也可以通過(guò)手機(jī)交談、發(fā)短信和電子郵件。]5.C[impressed“印象深刻的”；hard“艱難的”；dependent“依賴(lài)的”；focused“集中的”。根據(jù)下文“becauseithasbecom