2024屆重慶市九龍坡區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模診斷英語試題（解析版）

英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每話對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthewomanpossiblydothisSunday?A.Gohiking.B.Takeacookingclass.C.Studyforanexam.2.Whatwastheman’sfavoritesportinhighschool?A.Volleyball.B.Basketball.C.Badminton.3.Whereisprobablythemannow?A.Attheairport.B.Onthebus.CInthehotel.4.Whendidthemanlastseethewoman’sdaughter?A.About3yearsago.B.About5yearsago.C.About8yearsago.5.HowdidthespeakerscometoNewYork?A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutofficejobs?A.Excited.B.Interested.C.Disappointed7.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Heisalawyer.B.Heisadancer.C.Heisanofficer.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdidthewomandobeforetheconversation?A.Shehandledsomework.B.Sheorderedtoday’sspecial.C.Shetriedsomefish.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Customerandwaitress.C.Husbandandwife.10.Whatdidthemanhaveforlunchtoday?A.Ahamsandwich.B.Somenoodles.C.Fishandvegetable.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.HowmuchwasPigcasso’srecord-breakingpainting?A.￡14,000.B.￡20,000.C.￡40,000.12.Whichartworkbroketherecordforthehighestsellingprice?A.TheBlueElephant.B.TheQueen.C.WildandFree.13.WhomakesPigcasso’sachievements?A.AGermanfarmer.B.Atalentedpainter.C.Ananimalrescuer.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thestyleoffurniture.B.Thedesignoftheapartment.C.Thekindofapartmenttobuy.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthemodernstyle?A.Itfeaturesdarkerwalls.B.Itemphasizessimplicity.C.Itcreatesahomelyatmosphere.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetraditionalstyle?A.Particular.B.Updated.C.Old-fashioned.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatcantouristsdotomorrowevening?A.WatchHollywoodfilms.B.Enjoythebeautifulpool.C.Seeatheatreplay.18.Whyareindooractivitiesarrangedonthelastevening?A.Thetheatreisonlyavailablethen.B.Theweathermaybeunpleasantthen.C.Touristscanrelaxbeforegoinghome.19.Wherecantouristsshowtheirspecialskills?A.Inthedininghall.B.Inthereadingroom.C.Onthedeck.20.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todiscussanissue.B.Todoapromotion.C.Tointroducetripactivities.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AExperiencetheultimatewellnessretreatforyourmind,body,andsoulamidstthebreathtakinglandscapesofIceland.Acrossthecountryareworld-classspasthattapintoIceland’sabundant,sustainableandmineral-richwatersfromgeothermal(地?zé)岬?sources.Icelandisatruedestination,attractingtiredtravelersfromacrosstheglobe.SecretLagoonSecretLagoonnaturalhotspringsarelocatedinthesmallvillagecalledFludir.InthewholeareathereareseveralgeothermalspotsandalittleGeysirwhicheruptsevery5minutes,showingofffortheguestsrelaxinginthehotspring.Duringwinter,thenorthernlightsareoftengivingagreatlightshowaboveSecretLagoon.TheBlueLagoonTheBlueLagoonisahealthandgeothermalspaontheReykjanesPeninsula.FortenconsecutiveyearsBlueLagoonhasbeenawardedtheBlueFlagenvironmentalrecognitiongrantedtonaturalbeachesandhotsprings.Thelagoonholdsninemillionlitersofgeothermalseawater.LaugarvatnFontanaLaugarvatnFontanaistheplaceforrelaxationandanauthenticIcelandicexperience.Soakinthewarmgeothermalpoolsandgetenergizedinthenaturalsteamrooms,withthehotspringbubblingrightbelowyou.BesurenottomissavisittotastethedeliciousryebreadthatgrandmothersoftheareahavebeenbakinginthehotspringsofLaugarvatnfordecades.MyvatnNatureBathsLocatedintheheartofnorth-eastIcelandabout105kilometres(65miles)southoftheArcticCircle,LakeMyvatnanditssurroundingsareoneofEurope’sgreatestnaturaltreasures.Containingauniqueblendofminerals,silicatesandmicro-organisms,thewarmsoothingwaterofMyvatnNatureBathbenefitsbothskinandspiritalike.1.WhatdoSecretLagoonandTheBlueLagoonhaveincommon?A.Theyownnaturalhotsprings. B.Theyholdgeothermalseawater.C.Theyfeaturesquitelonghistories. D.Theyhavelightshowsforvisitors.2.Wherecantravelersexperiencethelocalelder-makingfood?A.SecretLagoon. B.TheBlueLagoon.C.LaugarvatnFontana. D.MyvatnNatureBaths.3.WhatisafeatureofMyvatnNatureBaths?A.Itofferstravelersgeothermalspaservices.B.ItseesaGeysirthateruptsevery5minutes.CItcontainsEurope’sgreatestnaturalandculturalresources.D.Itenjoysamixtureofminerals,silicatesandmicro-organisms.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個含有地?zé)崴牡胤?。?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InthewholeareathereareseveralgeothermalspotsandalittleGeysirwhicheruptsevery5minutes,showingofffortheguestsrelaxinginthehotspring.(整個地區(qū)有幾個地?zé)狳c和一個小間歇泉，每5分鐘噴發(fā)一次，為在溫泉中放松的客人展示。)”以及第三段“FortenconsecutiveyearsBlueLagoonhasbeenawardedtheBlueFlagenvironmentalrecognitiongrantedtonaturalbeachesandhotsprings.(藍瀉湖連續(xù)十年被授予天然海灘和溫泉的藍旗環(huán)境認可。)”可知，秘密瀉湖和藍色瀉湖的共同之處是都有天然溫泉。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“BesurenottomissavisittotastethedeliciousryebreadthatgrandmothersoftheareahavebeenbakinginthehotspringsofLaugarvatnfordecades.(一定不要錯過品嘗美味的黑麥面包的機會，這是該地區(qū)的祖母們幾十年來在勞加瓦滕的溫泉里烘烤的面包。)”可知，游客在LaugarvatnFontana可以體驗到當?shù)氐闹谱骼先说氖澄?。故選C。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Containingauniqueblendofminerals,silicatesandmicro-organisms,thewarmsoothingwaterofMyvatnNatureBathbenefitsbothskinandspiritalike.(含有獨特的礦物質(zhì)，硅酸鹽和微生物的混合物，Myvatn自然浴溫暖舒緩的水對皮膚和精神都有好處。)”可知，Myvatn自然浴場的特色是它是礦物質(zhì)、硅酸鹽和微生物的混合物。故選D。BFinland’ssystemforreturningdrinkcontainersstartedinthe1950s,andtodayalmosteverybottleandcanisrecycled.Convenienceisthecornerstoneofthesystem’ssuccess.Nowadaystherearealmost5,000container-returnmachinesacrossFinland.Mostofthemarelocatedinthesameshopsthatselldrinks,makingreturningthemaconvenientpartofpeople’sroutine.Hotels,restaurants,offices,schoolsandeventorganizersreturncontainersthroughtheirdrinkproviders.Thereturnmachinesareeasytouse.Youplaceabottleorcanonasetofminiconveyorbeltsatthefrontofthemachine.Theycarryitpastascannerandoutofsight.Themachinesortsthebottlesandcrushesthecans.Whenyou’redone,youpressabuttonandthemachinegivesyouareceipt.Plasticbottlesareworth20to40cents,dependingontheirsize,whileglassbottlesareworth10to40centsandaluminium(鋁)cansare15cents.Thereturnedcontainersarerecycledorthematerialsarereused.AcrossFinland,onaverage,everyFinnreturns373itemsinayear:251aluminiumcans,98plasticbottlesand24glassbottles.Thegovernmenthasentrustedthisfunctiontotheprivateagency.“Palpaiscompletelynonprofitandreceivesnogovernmentfunding,”saysTommiVihavainen,Palpa’sdirectorofproducerservices,ICTandcommunication.Russia,theUKandothercountrieshaveshowninterestintheFinnishsystem.“MostvisitorswanttoseehowthereturnsystemworksinFinland,”saysVihavainen.“Wedon’tactasconsultants,butwe’reproudtopresentoursystem.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutFinland’ssystemforreturningdrinkcontainers?A.Itstillhasalongwaytodevelop. B.Itgainspopularityforitsconvenience.C.Itusedtobefashionablebutnowout-dated. D.It’ssupportedfinanciallybythegovernment.5.Whydoesthewriterusethefiguresinparagraph3?A.ToshowFinnsconsumevariousdrinks. B.Tohelpmakethestorymoreinteresting.C.Tomaketheimpactofthesystemconvincing. D.Toguaranteetheproperlogicofthepassage.6.What’sVihavainen’sattitudetowardsthereturnsystem?A.Indifferent. B.Positive. C.Pessimistic. D.Dismissive.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Finland’srecyclingprogrammekeepsbottlesoffstreets.B.Thereturnmachinesintheworldarepopularandeasy.C.Palpa—acompletenonprofittorecyclethebottles.D.Finland—acountryfreeofwastesuchasbottles.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了芬蘭的飲料容器回收系統(tǒng)因為其方便而受到歡迎，介紹了其工作原理以及人們對此的看法?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Convenienceisthecornerstoneofthesystem’ssuccess.(便利是該系統(tǒng)成功的基石)”可知，芬蘭的飲料容器回收系統(tǒng)因其方便而受到歡迎。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereturnedcontainersarerecycledorthematerialsarereused.AcrossFinland,onaverage,everyFinnreturns373itemsinayear:251aluminiumcans,98plasticbottlesand24glassbottles.(回收的容器被回收或材料被再利用。在芬蘭，平均每個芬蘭人每年要退回373件物品：251個鋁罐、98個塑料瓶和24個玻璃瓶)”推知，作者在第三段使用這些數(shù)字是為了使該系統(tǒng)的影響具有說服力。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wedon’tactasconsultants,butwe’reproudtopresentoursystem.(我們不充當顧問，但我們很自豪地展示我們的系統(tǒng))”可知，Vihavainen對回收制度的態(tài)度是積極的。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Finland’ssystemforreturningdrinkcontainersstartedinthe1950s,andtodayalmosteverybottleandcanisrecycled.Convenienceisthecornerstoneofthesystem’ssuccess.(芬蘭飲料容器回收系統(tǒng)始于20世紀50年代，如今幾乎所有的瓶子和罐頭都被回收利用。便利是該系統(tǒng)成功的基石)”可知，這篇文章主要講的是芬蘭的回收項目讓瓶子遠離街道。故選A。CJulywastheworld’shottestmonthonrecord.WildfiresthissummerdestroyedaHawaiiancityandcausedevacuations(疏散)inCanada,Greece,andThailand.FloodsdevastatedtownsinVermontinJulyandkilledthousandsofLibyansinSeptember.JohnVaillant’snewbookFireWeatheraimstoshakeusoutofthiswithataleofterrorfromaclimatechangefrontline:thecityofFortMcMurray,innorthernCanada’svastforest,whereanuncontrollablewildfireduringanexceptionallywarmspringin2016floodedentirecommunitieswithindays.Vaillanttellshisstoryatdisaster-moviepace,startingwiththeglimpseofsmokeonthehorizonandassurancesfromtheauthoritiesthatallwillbefine.Mountingmisfortunefollowsastheflameslickgolfcoursesonthecity’sedge.Bytheend,90,00peoplehadbeenevacuated,2,500structuresdestroyed,another500damaged.Theenergygeneratedbythefirecreateditsownweathersystem,withhurricaneforcewindsandlightningstrikes.Whatattractsmemostisthebook’scentralirony.ThestorytakesplaceinFortMcMurrary,whichistheindustrialcentreofnorthernAlberta’starsands,oneoftheworld’slargestfossilfueldeposits.Itisacitywhoseexistencedependsonthehydrocarbonswhoseburningcausedclimatechange;butwhoseexistencealmostendedinaclimate-causedburning.FireWeatherisn’tatypicaldisasterbook.Vaillant’sreferencestoNassimTaleb,Lucretius,SeamusHeaney,TheLordoftheRings,Xerxes,andMoby-Dickcangrant.ButVaillant’sthemeisalsocatchingmyeyes.Ourindustrialworldisreleasingcarbonatarate10timesfasterthanscientistscanfindinthegeologicalrecordforthepast250mnyears,hewrites.“Thankstofireandourappetiteforboundlessenergy,wehaveevolvedintoageologiceventthatwillbemeasurableamillionyearsfromnow.”8.What’sthepurposeofmentioningtheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Toshowthevarietiesofnaturedisasters.B.Toengagethereadersinthesametopic.C.Toindicatethedifficultiesoftheseareas.D.Toprovidethebackgroundofthebook.9.What’sspecialaboutthebookaccordingtothispassage?A.Plotandviewpoint. B.Characterandconflict.C.Settingandtheme. D.Toneandstyle.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grant”inparagraph5mean?A.Bepresented. B.Berefused. C.Bepreserved. D.Berecorded.11.Whereasthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anessayontheclimatechange.B.AguidebooktoFortMcMurrary.C.Areviewofworlddisasters.D.Anintroductiontoabook.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了JohnVaillant的新書《火災(zāi)天氣》，包括其主要情節(jié)、敘事特點、諷刺意味以及探究的主題?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段“Julywastheworld’shottestmonthonrecord.WildfiresthissummerdestroyedaHawaiiancityandcausedevacuations(疏散)inCanada,Greece,andThailand.FloodsdevastatedtownsinVermontinJulyandkilledthousandsofLibyansinSeptember.(7月是世界上有記錄以來最熱的一個月。今年夏天的野火摧毀了夏威夷的一座城市，并導(dǎo)致加拿大、希臘和泰國的居民撤離。7月，洪水摧毀了佛蒙特州的城鎮(zhèn)，9月，數(shù)千名利比亞人喪生)”用具體的自然災(zāi)害事例說明7月的炎熱，第二段中“JohnVaillant’snewbookFireWeatheraimstoshakeusoutofthiswithataleofterrorfromaclimatechangefrontline(JohnVaillant的新書《火災(zāi)天氣》旨在用一個來自氣候變化前線的恐怖故事讓我們擺脫這種困境)”提到JohnVaillant的新書《火災(zāi)天氣》的主題，這一主題與第一段中的自然災(zāi)害事例密切相關(guān)。由此推知，提到這些例子的目的是讓讀者對同一個話題產(chǎn)生興趣。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whatattractsmemostisthebook’scentralirony.ThestorytakesplaceinFortMcMurrary,whichistheindustrialcentreofnorthernAlberta’starsands,oneoftheworld’slargestfossilfueldeposits.Itisacitywhoseexistencedependsonthehydrocarbonswhoseburningcausedclimatechange;butwhoseexistencealmostendedinaclimate-causedburning.(最吸引我的是這本書的核心諷刺。故事發(fā)生在FortMcMurrary，它是阿爾伯塔省北部焦油砂的工業(yè)中心，是世界上最大的化石燃料礦床之一。這座城市的存在依賴于碳氫化合物，而碳氫化合物的燃燒導(dǎo)致了氣候變化；但它的存在幾乎在氣候引起的燃燒中結(jié)束)”和最后一段中“ButVaillant’sthemeisalsocatchingmyeyes.(但Vaillant的主題也引起了我的注意)”可知，作者認為這本書的特別之處在于其背景設(shè)置為世界上最大的化石燃料礦床之一的FortMcMurrary，極具諷刺意味，以及其探究的主題。故選C項?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。畫線詞的前文“FireWeatherisn’tatypicaldisasterbook.(《火災(zāi)天氣》不是一本典型的災(zāi)難書)”指出《火災(zāi)天氣》作為災(zāi)難書的非典型性，這是一個評價，再結(jié)合畫線詞所在句的主語“Vaillant’sreferencestoNassimTaleb,Lucretius,SeamusHeaney,TheLordoftheRings,Xerxes,andMoby-Dick(Vaillant引用了納西姆·塔勒布、盧克萊修、謝默斯·希尼、《指環(huán)王》、薛西斯和《白鯨》)”可推知，這些引用可以佐證上一句中的評價，此處指這些引用“都可以證明這一點”，畫線詞意思與Bepresented“被呈現(xiàn)出來（證明）”相近。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中“JohnVaillant’snewbookFireWeatheraimstoshakeusoutofthiswithataleofterrorfromaclimatechangefrontline(JohnVaillant的新書《火災(zāi)天氣》旨在用一個來自氣候變化前線的恐怖故事讓我們擺脫這種困境)”可知，文章圍繞JohnVaillant的新書《火災(zāi)天氣》展開，主要介紹了其主要情節(jié)、敘事特點、諷刺意味以及探究的主題等內(nèi)容。因此，文章應(yīng)該出自對一本書的介紹。故選D項。DThepastfewmonthshavebroughtelectrifyingnewsthat,forthefirsttime,agenetreatmenthasprovidedsomehearingtochildrenbornwithdeafness.EliLillyannouncedthisweek,forexample,thataprofoundlydeafboyfromMoroccogivenitstreatmentaspartofaclinicaltrialinPhiladelphiacannowhear.AndfivechildreninChinatreatedsimilarlyatyoungeragesgainedhearingwithsomeabletoverballycommunicatewithouttheircochlearimplants(人工耳蝸).Theirhearingrecovery,firstcoveredbythepressinOctober2023,isdescribedindetailthisweekinTheLancet.“It’sanenormousachievement,”saysgeneticistKarenAvrahamofTelAvivUniversity.Otolaryngologist(耳鼻喉科專家)andgenetherapistLawrenceLustigofColumbiaUniversity,whoselabwasamongthefirsttotestthesameapproachinmice,agrees.“Otherthancochlearimplants,wehaven’treallyhadanysuccessfultreatmentstotreatdeafness,”henotes.Thevariouseffortsfromcompaniesandacademiccenterseachuseavirustoinsertthesamegene,OTOF,intothechildren’sinnerearsotheso-calledhaircellstherecansensesoundandtransmitittothebrain.Thenewdeafnesstreatmentsaddtoastringofrecentsuccessesforthegenetreatmentfield,butalsoraisequestions.Theear’shaircellsdon’tdivide,sothenewcopiesofOTOFtheycontainshouldpersistandcontinuetoinstructthecellstomakeOTOF.Geneexpressioncoulddropoffovertimeortheearcouldmountanimmuneresponsethatshutsitoff.ButLustigisoptimisticthatthevariouschallengeswillbeovercome.“Nowthatwe’vegotonesuccessstory,there’sgoingtobemoremoneycomingintofundsomeoftheseotherprojects,”hesays.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewtreatment?A.Itisatotallymaturepractice. B.It’saChina-onlyclinicaltrial.C.Itusesavirustosensesound. D.Itaimstotreatthedeafness.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactofthetreatment?A.Breakthrough. B.Regret. C.Disappointment. D.Adventure.14.Whatistheproblemofthegenetreatment?A.Thebrainrefusestoreceiveit.B.Genestopstoproducehaircells.C.Geneexpressionmightbeweakened.D.Companiesreallyprofitalotfromit.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ElectrifyingNewsBasedonSomeClinicalTrialsB.GeneTreatmentThatBringsDeafChildrenHopeC.WaysHowScientistsDevelopCochlearImplantsD.ChallengesAbouttheNewDeafnessTreatment【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了基因治療在治療先天性耳聾兒童方面取得的成功。最近幾個月以來，一些媒體報道了幾例兒童接受基因治療后聽力恢復(fù)的情況，專家對這一突破性成果表示欣喜。盡管新的治療方法存在挑戰(zhàn)，但科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀粯酚^地認為這些問題可以克服。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“forthefirsttime,agenetreatmenthasprovidedsomehearingtochildrenbornwithdeafness(一項基因治療首次為先天性失聰兒童提供了一些聽力)”可知，這個新療法的目的是治療失聰。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中KarenAvraham所說的話“It’sanenormousachievement(這是一個巨大的成就)”和LawrenceLustig所說的話“Otherthancochlearimplants,wehaven’treallyhadanysuccessfultreatmentstotreatdeafness(除了人工耳蝸，我們還沒有任何成功的治療失聰?shù)姆椒?”可知，這一療法成就很大，打破了以往只有人工耳蝸可以成功治療失聰?shù)那闆r。因此，這一療法是一項突破。故選A項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theear’shaircellsdon’tdivide,sothenewcopiesofOTOFtheycontainshouldpersistandcontinuetoinstructthecellstomakeOTOF.Geneexpressioncoulddropoffovertimeortheearcouldmountanimmuneresponsethatshutsitoff.(耳朵毛細胞不會分裂，所以它們所包含的新的OTOF復(fù)制體應(yīng)該會持續(xù)存在，并繼續(xù)指導(dǎo)細胞制造OTOF。隨著時間的推移，基因表達可能會下降，或者耳朵會產(chǎn)生免疫反應(yīng)，將其關(guān)閉。)”可知，這一基因療法的問題是基因表達可能會減弱。故選C項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Thepastfewmonthshavebroughtelectrifyingnewsthat,forthefirsttime,agenetreatmenthasprovidedsomehearingtochildrenbornwithdeafness.(過去幾個月帶來了令人振奮的消息，基因治療首次為先天性失聰兒童提供了一些聽力。)”可知，文章圍繞基因治療在治療先天性失聰兒童方面取得的成功展開。文章介紹了最近幾個月以來，一些媒體報道了幾例兒童接受基因治療后聽力恢復(fù)的情況，專家對這一突破性成果表示欣喜。盡管新的治療方法存在挑戰(zhàn)，但科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀粯酚^地認為這些問題可以克服。因此，B項“基因治療給失聰兒童帶來希望”契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項（選項中有兩項為多余選項）。Ploggingisagreatwaytomakeyourlittleareaoftheworldalittlecleaner,brighter,andsaferwhileboostingyourownhealth,fitness,andmood.ThisupandcomingenvironmentalactivitybeganinSwedenin2016.____16____.ItisquiteacommonsceneacrossotherEuropeancountries,aswellastheUnitedStates,Mexico,andotherareas.Definitionofplogging____17____.Itisatermmadebycombining“jogging”with“plockaupp,”whichisSwedishfor“pickup.”Therefore,theploggingdefinitionisanemergingfitnessthatinvolvespickinguplitterortrashwhileyourun.BenefitsofploggingBecauseploggingtypicallyinvolvesjoggingorrunning,therearemanyhealthbenefitstothiseco-friendlyfitnesstrend.However,thebenefitsextendbeyondjustimprovinghearthealth.____18____.First,itimprovesmoodandmakesyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.What’smore,itgivesbacktoyourcommunityandconnectsyouonlineandbuildssocialconnectionswithotherploggers.HowtogetstartedBeforeyoustart,you’llneedtooutfityourselfwiththerightgeartogetthejobdone.Ifyou’realreadyrunningorjogging,youshouldhaveagoodpairofrunningshoesandrunningapparel(裝備).____19____.Otherwise,brokenglassandsharpanddirtylitteritemsyoumaypickupwillhurtyou.Atrashbagofsomesortforcollectingwhatyoupickupisamustaswell.____20____Theoretically,youcangoploggingalmostanywhereyouhavepermissiontobe.Dependingonwhereyoulive,youmayencountertrashalongthesideoftheroads,parks,schoolplaygrounds,trails,parkinglots,townsquaresandbikepaths.A.HowtodoploggingB.WheretogoploggingC.IthassincespreadaroundtheworldD.HerearesomeofthetopbenefitsofploggingE.It’simportantthatyouhavetherightfootwearF.Beyondthat,you’llneedagoodpairofglovestoprotectyourhandsG.Ploggingisnot,infact,acompoundwordof“plodding”and“jogging”【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ploggging（跑步撿垃圾）這項環(huán)?；顒拥那闆r?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ploggingisagreatwaytomakeyourlittleareaoftheworldalittlecleaner,brighter,andsaferwhileboostingyourownhealth,fitness,andmood.ThisupandcomingenvironmentalactivitybeganinSwedenin2016.(Plogging是一個很好的方法，可以讓你的小區(qū)域變得更干凈，更明亮，更安全，同時促進你自己的健康，健身和情緒。這項即將到來的環(huán)?；顒佑?016年在瑞典開始)”后文“ItisquiteacommonsceneacrossotherEuropeancountries,aswellastheUnitedStates,Mexico,andotherareas.(在歐洲其他國家，以及美國、墨西哥和其他地區(qū)，這是一個相當常見的場景)”可知，后文提到了Plogging活動在世界各地都很常見，說明傳播到了世界各地。故C選項“它已經(jīng)傳播到世界各地”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itisatermmadebycombining“jogging”with“plockaupp,”whichisSwedishfor“pickup.”Therefore,theploggingdefinitionisanemergingfitnessthatinvolvespickinguplitterortrashwhileyourun.(這個詞是由“慢跑”和“plockaupp”組合而成的，“plockaupp”是瑞典語的“撿起來”。因此，plogging的定義是一種新興的健身方式，包括一邊跑步一邊撿垃圾)”可知，本句主要是在解釋plogging這個單詞的構(gòu)成以及定義，故G選項“事實上，Plogging并不是“plodding”和“慢跑”的合成詞”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“First,itimprovesmoodandmakesyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.What’smore,itgivesbacktoyourcommunityandconnectsyouonlineandbuildssocialconnectionswithotherploggers.(首先，它能改善情緒，讓你自我感覺良好。更重要的是，它回饋了你的社區(qū)，連接了你的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并與其他博客建立了社會聯(lián)系)”可知，本句主要引出后文，說明ploggging的好處。故D選項“以下是ploggging的一些最大好處”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Otherwise,brokenglassandsharpanddirtylitteritemsyoumaypickupwillhurtyou.(否則，你可能撿起的碎玻璃和尖銳的臟垃圾會傷害到你)”可知，本句主要是說明如何不被碎玻璃和尖銳的臟垃圾傷害的保護措施。故F選項“除此之外，你還需要一副好的手套來保護你的手”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Theoretically,youcangoploggingalmostanywhereyouhavepermissiontobe.Dependingonwhereyoulive,youmayencountertrashalongthesideoftheroads,parks,schoolplaygrounds,trails,parkinglots,townsquaresandbikepaths.(理論上講，你幾乎可以去任何你允許去的地方。根據(jù)你住的地方不同，你可能會在路邊、公園、學(xué)校操場、小路、停車場、城鎮(zhèn)廣場和自行車道邊遇到垃圾)”可知，本段主要介紹了可以進行ploggging活動的地點。故B選項“去哪里跑步撿垃圾”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenmysonReacecelebratedhissixthbirthdaytwoyearsago,hemadeawishthatIwouldgetatransplant.Lessthanaweeklater,hiswishcametruewhenIreceivednew____21____.Bornwithabreathingdisease,Iwasabletomanagemy____22____withoutahospitalvisituntilIwas23.At30,____23____,itsteadilyworsenedandIwas____24____foratransplant.Istartedhavingcheck-upsonceayear,theneverysixmonths,theneverythreemonthsuntilIwas____25____livingatthehospitalandreliantonoxygentosurvive.Everyday____26____likehavingashowerorbrushingmyhairbecame____27____.Afterfourmonthsonthelist,I____28____thecalltosayapairoflungswasavailable.Thetransplantwassuccessfulandthe____29____wasnoticeable.BeforemytransplantIhadbeenso_____30_____,Icouldn’tevenwalkfromthecouchtothefrontdoorwithout_____31_____mybreath—anditwasonlysixpaces._____32_____,IwassousedtobeingbreathlessthatIdidn’tknowanydifference.Ihad_____33_____whatitwouldbeliketobea_____34_____personandnowIknow.Icandoeverythinganordinarymumwoulddo:housework,workout,ortakingReacetobasketball.Iamextremelygratefultomy_____35_____andhisfamily.21.A.medicines B.gifts C.lungs D.hearts22.A.condition B.weight C.stress D.emotion23.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.besides24.A.scheduled B.hospitalized C.listed D.selected25.A.barely B.previously C.temporarily D.basically26.A.tasks B.challenges C.decisions D.concerns27.A.necessary B.fundamental C.impossible D.contradictory28.A.missed B.received C.returned D.rejected29.A.symptom B.damage C.trouble D.difference30.A.sick B.nervous C.sensitive D.innocent31.A.catching B.holding C.losing D.recovering32.A.Fortunately B.Actually C.Possibly D.Eventually33.A.understood B.experienced C.recalled D.wondered34.A.normal B.distinguished C.disabled D.responsible35.A.doctor B.nurse C.child D.donor【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者生來就患有呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病，在病情惡化后接受了肺移植手術(shù)，并成功獲得了新的肺的故事。在手術(shù)前，作者生活在病痛中，甚至做日常任務(wù)都是困難的。但通過移植手術(shù)，她重獲健康，可以像正常人一樣生活和照顧自己的兒子，她很感恩捐贈者和他的家人。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不到一周后，他的愿望就實現(xiàn)了，我得到了新的肺。A.medicines藥品；B.gifts禮物；C.lungs肺；D.hearts心臟。根據(jù)下文“Afterfourmonthsonthelist,I____8____thecalltosayapairoflungswasavailable.”可知，作者是得到了新的肺。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我生來就患有呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病，直到23歲之前，我都能控制自己的健康狀況，不用去醫(yī)院。A.condition健康狀況；B.weight體重；C.stress壓力；D.emotion情緒。根據(jù)上文“Bornwithabreathingdisease”可知，作者生來就患有呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病，因此指在不用去醫(yī)院的情況下，控制自己的健康狀況。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在30歲的時候，病情逐漸惡化，我被列入了移植名單。A.therefore因此；B.however然而；C.otherwise否則；D.besides此外。根據(jù)上文“Bornwithabreathingdisease,Iwasabletomanagemy____2____withoutahospitalvisituntilIwas23.”可知，23歲之前，患病的作者不用去醫(yī)院，再結(jié)合下文“itsteadilyworsened”可知，后來病情逐漸惡化，因此前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however“然而”銜接。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在30歲的時候，病情逐漸惡化，我被列入了移植名單。A.scheduled安排；B.hospitalized住院；C.listed把……列入清單；D.selected選擇。根據(jù)下文“Afterfourmonthsonthelist,I____8____thecalltosayapairoflungswasavailable.”可知，在名單上待了四個月后，作者被通知可以接受肺移植，因此是被列入移植名單。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始每年檢查一次，然后是每六個月檢查一次，再然后是每三個月檢查一次，直到我基本上住在醫(yī)院里，依靠氧氣生存。A.barely幾乎不；B.previously以前地；C.temporarily暫時地；D.basically基本上。根據(jù)上文“Istartedhavingcheck-upsonceayear,theneverysixmonths,theneverythreemonths”可知，作者的病情在逐步惡化，去醫(yī)院檢查的頻次明顯升高，因此最終應(yīng)該是基本上住在醫(yī)院里。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像洗澡或梳頭這樣的日常任務(wù)變得不可能了。A.tasks任務(wù)；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.decisions決策；D.concerns關(guān)注。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikehavingashowerorbrushingmyhair”可知，洗澡或梳頭都是一些日常任務(wù)。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：像洗澡或梳頭這樣的日常任務(wù)變得不可能了。A.necessary必要的；B.fundamental基本的；C.impossible不可能的；D.contradictory矛盾的。根據(jù)上文“reliantonoxygentosurvive”可知，作者此時依靠氧氣生存，因此做這些事是不可能的。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在名單上待了四個月后，我接到電話說有一對肺可以移植了。A.missed錯過；B.received收到；C.returned返回，歸還；D.rejected拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Thetransplantwassuccessful”可知，作者的移植手術(shù)很成功，因此是接收到了這通電話。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：移植手術(shù)很成功，差異也很明顯。A.symptom癥狀；B.damage損害；C.trouble麻煩；D.difference差異。根據(jù)下文“BeforemytransplantIhadbeenso____10____,Icouldn’tevenwalkfromthecouchtothefrontdoorwithout____11____mybreath—anditwasonlysixpaces.”和“Icandoeverythinganordinarymumwoulddo:housework,workout,ortakingReacetobasketball.”可知，接受移植手術(shù)后的作者的情況和之前完全不同，因此是差異也很明顯。故選D。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：移植手術(shù)之前，我病得很重，從沙發(fā)走到前門都喘不過氣來——只有六步。A.sick生病的；B.nervous緊張的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.innocent無辜的。根據(jù)下文“IwassousedtobeingbreathlessthatIdidn’tknowanydifference”可知，作者已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了喘不過氣來，因此是病得很重。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：移植手術(shù)之前，我病得很重，從沙發(fā)走到前門都喘不過氣來——只有六步。A.catching抓住；B.holding保持；C.losing失去；D.recovering恢復(fù)。根據(jù)下文“IwassousedtobeingbreathlessthatIdidn’tknowanydifference”可知，作者已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了喘不過氣來，因此從沙發(fā)走六步到前門就會喘不過氣來，固定短語loseone’sbreath意為“喘不過氣來”。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了喘不過氣來，我不知道有什么不同。A.Fortunately幸運地；B.Actually事實上；C.Possibly可能地；D.Eventually最終地。上文“BeforemytransplantIhadbeenso____10____,Icouldn’tevenwalkfromthecouchtothefrontdoorwithout____11____mybreath—anditwasonlysixpaces.”