專題30 8BU6-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)一遍過（江蘇專用）

8BU6-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)一遍過（江蘇專用）過單詞短語過單詞短語1、I’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.(P78)我正在訓(xùn)練成為奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的志愿者。（1）train①vt.&vi.訓(xùn)練，鍛煉，培養(yǎng)train…tobe…=train…as…把…訓(xùn)練成….如：Hismotherwantstotrainhissontobeaastronaut.【詞匯拓展】n.training練習(xí)；鍛煉如：Everymorninghespenttwohours

training

fortherace.②n.火車；列車如：I

almost

missed

my

train.

bytrain坐火車

onatrain在火車上takea/thetrain乘坐火車（2）volunteer①n.志愿者，志愿兵ThevolunteersforOlympicsareallhelpful.②vt.&vi.自愿去做;

當(dāng)志愿兵;志愿提供volunteertodosth志愿做…

volunteerforsth志愿…如：TheyvolunteeredtoofferserviceduringOlympicgames.

③volunteer/voluntaryadj.自愿的，志愿的如：LastSunday,myclassmatesandIwenttotheparkforcollectingwaste,wealldothevolunteer/voluntarycleaners.2、Willyousupportme,Eddie?(P78)你能支持我嗎，愛迪？aupportvt.支持；幫助;

支撐;

維持supporttodosth.支持做某事supportfor為…做準(zhǔn)備【例句】Hesupportstodotheworkforme.Tomsupportedforthecharityforalongtime.3、It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.(P78)為奧林匹克做些事是很有意義的。meaningfuladj.有意義的；反義詞meaningless【例句】It’sameaningfuljobtoworkhere.meanv.意味著；打算meandoingsth.意味著做某事。【例句】Successmeansworkinghard.meantodosth.打算或企圖做某事。【例句】Whatdoyoumeantodowithit?Wemeantocallonyoutomorrow.4、blind;deaf;disabled;elderly;homeless;poor(P79)(1)blindadj.瞎的常用短語：beblindto對(duì)...視而不見turnablindearto對(duì)...視而不見theblind瞎子，表示一類人【例句】Heisblindtosomethingstrange.Thepolicehaveturnedablindeyetothematter.Theblindarehopefultogetsomemoneyunderthehelpofthecharities.(2)deafadj.聾的bedeafto對(duì)...充耳不聞turnablindeyeto對(duì)...充耳不聞thedeaf聾子，表示一類人【例句】Hewasdeaftomyadvice.Sheturnedadeafeartoourwarningsandgotlost.Thedeafhasdifficultyinhearing.(3)the+某些形容詞，表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)thedeaf聾人theblind盲人thedead死者theliving活著的人theyoung年輕人theold/theelderly老人thestrong強(qiáng)者theweak弱者thepoor窮人therich富人thesick病人thehomeless

5、LiuMingdidnotknowwhattoexpectwhenhevolunteeredfortheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGamesinShanghai,backinOctober2007.(P80)劉明并沒有想在2007年10月底的上海夏季殘奧會(huì)做志愿者工作中得到些什么。expectvt.&vi.期望；預(yù)料常用短語：expecttodosth期盼做某事expectsbtodosth期盼某人做某事常用句型：Iexpectso.我想會(huì)的expectthat期盼…【例句】Ididn’texpecttofindyouhere.Heexpectedhertogowithhim.

6、TheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld.(P80)夏季殘奧會(huì)給有智障的孩子和成人向全世界展示他們技能的機(jī)會(huì)。（1）intellectualadj.智力的；有才智的（2）disabilityn.無能;

殘疾；復(fù)數(shù)：disabilities【例句】We

have

many

areas

of

illnessanddisabilities.

able,ability,unable,disabled辨析ableadj.能夠…的短語：beableto=can反義詞：unable【例句】Heisabletopasstheexam.abilityn.能力【例句】Hisabilityisstrongerthanmine.disabledadj.殘疾的【例句】Weshouldgiveseatstothedisabledpeopleonthebus.（3）chancen.機(jī)會(huì)，機(jī)遇；偶然，運(yùn)氣Thereisachancetodosth./fordoingsth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事bychance偶然的【例句】Thereisachancetoworkhereifyoulike.Imetmyoldfriendbychanceinthestreetlastweek.

7、TheyincludeeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics,suchasbasketball,footballandswimming.(P80)他們包括很多與奧運(yùn)會(huì)相似的項(xiàng)目，如籃球，足球和游泳。(1)similaradj.相似的besimilarto與…相似

【例句】Mynewdressissimilartotheoneyouhave.

besimilarin在…方面相似

【例句】Theyaresimilarinsomeway.(2)those【例題】Theseflowersaremorebeautifulthanthoseinmygarden.Lookatthatpen.Thispenissmaller.Itisalsoanoldpen.SoIwanttobuyanewonelikethat.8、Over40,000peoplegaveuptheirsparetimeforthe2007SpecialOlympicsWorldGames.(P80)超過4萬人放棄他們的業(yè)余時(shí)間去看2007年殘奧會(huì)。giveup放棄常見短語giveupdoingsth【例句】Hegaveupteachingonlytwoyearsago.give相關(guān)短語giveup放棄giveout分發(fā)；用完，用盡giveaway送掉,泄露giveback歸還,恢復(fù)givewayto讓路,讓步

up相關(guān)短語

standup起立getup起床

pickup拾起，撿起lookup查找（資料），向上看

turnup調(diào)大音量putup舉起，抬起；張貼

eatup吃光useup用光

setup建立，設(shè)立bringup養(yǎng)育9、Thentheyprovidedsupportfortheathletesandhelpedmaketheeventagreatsuccess.(P81)然后他們給運(yùn)動(dòng)員提供支持，使得這次比賽取得很大的成功。(1)provideprovidesthforsb=providesbwithsth給某人提供某物【例句】Theyprovidedsomenecessarysupportforpeopleinneed.=Theyprovidedpeopleinneedwithsomenecessarysupport.(2)supportn./v.支持【例句】Withyoursupport,wewillwinintheend.Hesupportedhissonallthetime.(3)successsuccessn.成功的人或事（可數(shù)）；成功（不可數(shù)）succeedv.成功常見短語：succeedindoingsth成功地做某事

successfuladj.成功的常見短語：besuccessfulindoingsth在做某事方面成功successfullyadv.成功地【例句】Shewasasuccessasanactress.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Hesucceededinplayinggames.10、ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.(P81)對(duì)李海還說，最重要的事不是贏得金牌或是銀牌，而是重在參與。（1）not…but…不是…而是…,如：Hecameherenotbecauseofyoubutbecauseofhisbrother.【拓展】notonly...but(also)...

不但…而且….在句中常用來連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的成分，also可以省略?！纠洹縃eislearningnotonlyEnglishbut(also)French.notonly...but(also)...用來連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)遵循“就近原則”，即和but(also)后的名詞或代詞的數(shù)一致?！纠洹縉otonlyZhouXiabutalsoherparentsarefondofwatchingfootballmatches.Notonlyyoubutalsoheistiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.辨析takepartin,join和joinin

①takepartin意為“參加，參與（某事物或某活動(dòng)）”

【例句】HowmanycountrieswilltakepartintheWorldCup?

②join意為“參加（某組織），加入（某處任職），參加到某個(gè)人群中去，從而成為其中一員”。

【例句】Shejoinedahealthclub.

③joinin和joininsth./doingsth.意為“參加”，后面接的賓語一般是表示競(jìng)賽、娛樂、游戲等活動(dòng)的名詞或V-ing。【例句】Theyalljoininsingingthesong.

11、HefeelsmoreconfidentnowbecauseoftheSpecialOlympicsWorldGames.(P81)由于殘奧會(huì)他現(xiàn)在感覺更加有自信了。(1)confidentadj.自信的常見短語：beconfidentof……確信……【例句】Heisconfidentofthematch.【拓展】confidencen.自信havetheconfidencetodosth有信心做...

【例句】Ihavetheconfidencetowinthematch.

(2)becauseof與becausebecauseof后面直接跟一個(gè)名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或者短語because后面跟一個(gè)句子，是來回答why問題，或者解釋原因的。【例句】Heislateforclassbecauseofthebrokenclock.Heislateforclassbecausetheclockisbroken.12、It’sgreatforustoworkcloselywiththesespecialathletes.(P81)和這些特殊的運(yùn)動(dòng)員密切合作太棒了。closelyadv.接近地；緊密地；嚴(yán)密地；親近地【拓展】close和closely辨析

當(dāng)它們都作副詞用時(shí)，close是距離上的接近，而closely是感情關(guān)系上的親近。close表示“靠近”、“緊緊地”，closely則表示“緊密地”、“嚴(yán)密地”、“密切地”。

【例句】Comeclose,Iwanttotellyousomethingimportant．

Thepolicemanfollowedthestrangemanclosely．

13、donate(P84)捐獻(xiàn)donatevt.&vi.（尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）捐贈(zèng)常用短語：donatemoneyto…向...捐錢【例句】Ican

donate

onehundreddollarstopeopleinneed.【拓展】n.donation捐贈(zèng)；捐獻(xiàn)14、Butit’simpossibleforthemtodotheirworkone-to-onewithoutthehelpofvolunteers.(P85)但是沒有志愿者的幫助他們是不可能做好他們的工作的。one-to-one一對(duì)一的【例句】Wehaveanone-to-onecourse.face-to-face面對(duì)面的【例句】Weshouldhaveaface-to-facetalk.過語法過語法Itis+adj.+to-infinitive（Itis+形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式）Itis+adj.+for…+to-infinitiveItis+adj．+to-infinitive（Itis+形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式）“Itis+形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”可以用來描述行為和情境。在該句型中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。把真正的主語放在句末而用it作形式主語也是為了句子的協(xié)調(diào)，避免“頭重腳輕”。該句型中的形容詞是用來描述行為或情境的。如：Itisdangeroustoplayfootballinthestreet．在街上踢足球是危險(xiǎn)的。Itishardtounderstandwhathesaid.要理解他的話是很難的。2)Itis+adj.+for…+to-infinitive“Itis+形容詞+for…+動(dòng)詞不定式”可以用來具體說明正在談?wù)摰氖虑椤Ｔ谠摼湫椭?，it是形式主語，for后面所引導(dǎo)的人或物是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語，forsb./sth.todosth.在英語中通常稱為動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中的形容詞用來說明不定式的特征，而不是說明人的特征或性格。用于該句型的常見形容詞有：hard，difficult，easy，important,interesting,dangerous,possible,'impossible,meaningful,comfortable,uncomfortable等。如：It'sdifficultforyoutopasstheexam.對(duì)你來說通過這次考試是困難的。【典型例題】在下午五點(diǎn)鐘之前完成這項(xiàng)工作是不可能的。___________________________________________________________.他們有必要乘出租車。______________necessary______________totakeataxi.【答案】Itisimpossibletofinishthistaskbefore5p.m.It,is,for,them2.Itis+adj．+of…+(not)todosth．（Itis＋形容詞＋of…＋動(dòng)詞不定式）“Itis+形容詞+of…+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)用來對(duì)某人的品質(zhì)、性格等作出評(píng)價(jià)，其中的形容詞必須是表示人的品質(zhì)、性格等的形容詞。it是形式主語，沒有實(shí)際意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的sb.和(not)todosth.有著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以該句型又可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“sb.+be+adj.+(not)todosth.”。用于該句型的常見形容詞有：careless，careful，clever,foolish,good,kind,nice,polite,impolite,rude,selfish,generous,wise,silly,modest,proud,thoughtful等。如：It'sveryniceofyoutogivemeagift.=Youareverynicetogivemeagift.你送給我禮物，你真好。Itissillyofyounottoforgiveothersfortheirmistakes.=Youaresillynottoforgiveothersfortheirmistakes.你不原諒別人的錯(cuò)誤是愚蠢的?！镜湫屠}】①It'simpossible_______youtofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.②It'sselfish_______yourcousintoeatupthewholecake.【答案】for,of重難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練重難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、單詞拼寫Ifyoudon’tspeakalot________(大聲地)thanbeforeyouwon’tmakeothershearclearly.Canyouspeakalittlemore____________(loud)tomakeeveryonehearyouclearly?Well,that'sanotherwayIcouldthinkof__________(express)myselfclearly.Doyouhavethehabitofunderlininguseful____________(express)whilereadingbooks?How____________(polite)youaretotalkonthephonealoudinthequitelibrary!Ourteachertoldusthegoodteamworkmadeus____________(success)holdthemeeting.Ifyouletyourlifepassso_________(mean),youwillregretsometimeinthefuture.peopleallovertheworldfindit_________(touch)tohearaboutthestoriesofheroesinharm’sway.Allthe__________(Germany)poemsshowthiswomanpoet’sfeelingtowardshercountry.Theshirtsovertherecan’tbethe____________(Roman).I’veneverseenthemwearblue.Thehomelessparentscan’traisethefamily,_________(讓....處于某種狀態(tài))thechildrencryingoutofhunger.Theengineeristoobusy__________(fix)thesemachines.Theyhavenotimetorelax.【答案】1.louder2.loudly3.toexpress4.expressions5.impolite6.successfully7.meaninglessly8.touching9.German’s10.Romans’11.leaving12.fixing二、句子翻譯如果你不得不打斷別人說話，請(qǐng)記住說抱歉。Please____________________________ifyou__________________________others.【答案】Pleaseremembertosay“sorry”ifyouhavetocutinonothers.在飯桌上伸手越過別人的盤子去夠你想吃的是糟糕的禮儀。It’s_____________________________________________________whatyouwanttoeat.【答案】It’sabadmannertoreachoverothers’platesforwhatyouwanttoeat.我的老師經(jīng)常告誡我和女士聊天時(shí)要避免不恰當(dāng)?shù)脑掝}。Myteacheroften_________________________________whilechattingwithladies.【答案】Myteacheroftenwarnsustoavoidimpropersubjectswhilechattingwithladies.此次活動(dòng)的目的是給這些孩子更多找到快樂的機(jī)會(huì)。_______________oftheactivity___________________thechildren______________happiness.【答案】Thepurposeoftheactivityistogivethechildrenmorechancestofindhappiness.他指望父母為他準(zhǔn)備好一切，這是不對(duì)的。It’s_____________________________hisparents______________________________forhim.【答案】It’sincorrectthatheexpectshisparentstoprepareeverythingforhim.向那些孩子解釋如何保護(hù)自己免受危險(xiǎn)是多么有必要啊！How_____________________________________________________fromdangertothechildren!【答案】Hownecessaryitistoexplainhowtoprotectthemselvesfromdangertothechildren!三、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Hefoundveryinterestingahorse.A.that;toride B.it;riding C.it;toride D.itis;toride2.Yourdonationscanpoorchildren__foodandachancetostudy.A.provide;to B.give;for C.provide;with D.give;against3.It'sveryyoutomakethesamemistakeagain.A.carelessfor B.carefulfor C.carelessof D.carelessfor4.It’sbadmannerstolaugh_____otherswhentheyare_____trouble.A.at,in B.over,atC.with,on D.to,with5._____goodinformation!Ihaveneverheard_____wonderfulnews.A.Whatasucha B.What,such C.How,so D.How,soa6.Wefind________impossibleforustolearnaforeignlanguagewellinashorttime．A.ThatB.thisC.oneD.it7.______childrenSimonandJimare!TheyhelpMrs.Licleanthehouseeveryday．A.Hownice B.HowbraveC.Whatnice D.Whatbrave8.---Mrs.Brown,Idon’tthinkwecangetthereontimebybike.---Youmeanit’s___________forustotakeataxi?A.necessary B.important C.possible D.difficult9.--Whynotcomeandjoinusinthegame,Linda?--,butIhavesomethingtodiscusswithMrSmithathisoffice.A.Ihopeso B.I'dliketoC.Let'sgo D.It'smypleasure10.Youdon’tknow______Iwanttoseeyouagain.It’sayearsinceIlastsawyou.A.howsoon B.howlongC.howoften D.howmuch【答案】CCCABDCABD四、動(dòng)詞填空1.I'mthinkingof_______(join)thewritingcompetition.2.It'salittledifficultforus-_______(achieve)ourdreamrightnow,butweshouldnevergiveup.3.-Didyounoticeanybodyenterthebuildingjustnow?-Sorry,I_______(cut)downthetreeinthegarden.4.-_______you_______(finish)yourhomework?-Notyet.I_______(finish)itintwohours.5.Haveyoudecidedwhichone_______(buy)?Everyoneiswaitingforyou.6.Thebossmadehisworkers_______(notwork)eighthoursbut12hoursaday.7.Pleasedon'tkeepus_______(stand)outsideinsuchcoldweatherforlong.8.Iwillgivethebooktohimassoonashe_______(come)back.9.Weholdthisactivity_______(raise)moneyforthelocalpeople.10.Thegovernment_______(build)anothertwohospitalsalreadysothatpeopledon'tneedtogotoanothercitywhentheyareill.11.Howoften_______theWinterOlympics_______(take)place?12..It'sagoodchanceforus_______(learn)aboutEuropeanhistory.13.Who_______(attend)yesterday'scharityshow?Itwasreallyasuccess.14.JustatthattimeIheardsomeone_______(call)mynamebehind.Itwasmywife.15.Youshouldplanwhatyou_______(carry)fornextweek'sspringtrip.16.Mymother_______(teach)Englishinthatschoolfornearly30years.【答案】joining2.toachieve3.wascutting4.Have,finished,willfinish5.tobuy6.notworkstanding8.comes9.toraise10.hasbuilt11.do,take12.tolearn13.attended14.calling15.willcarry16.hastaught五、完形填空Mental(心理)healthisaboutthewayyouthinkandfeelandyourabilitytodealwithupsanddowns.Eventhoughyouarementallyhealthy,itdoesn't(1)______thatyoudon'thaveamentalhealthproblem.Mentalhealthiseveryone'sbusiness.Weallhavetimeswhenwefeeldownor(2)______.Mostofthetimethosefeelingspass,(3)_____sometimestheydevelopintoamoreseriousproblem.Itseemsthatourmentalhealthdoesn'talwaysstaythesame.Itcanchangeastheenvironmentchangesandasyoumove(4)_____differentstages(階段)ofyourlife.Herearefour(5)______tolookafteryourmentalhealth.Makingsimplechangestohowyoulivedoesn'tcostmuchortakeuplotsoftime.Anyonecan(6)______them.●Talkaboutyourfeelings.Itcanhelpyoustayingoodmentalhealth.Itisn'tasignof(7)______,butpartofyourabilitytodowhatyoucantostayhealthy.●Eatwell.Whatyoueatandhowyoufeelare(8)_______connected(關(guān)聯(lián)).Aproperdietcanhaveagoodeffectonyourmentalhealth.●Keepintouch.Friendsandfamilymemberscan(9)______youdifferentsuggestionswhichmayhelpyoukeepactiveandsolvepracticalproblems.●Takeabreak.Itcouldbeaweekendtolookfornewplacestoenjoythenature,orevenaten-minutebreakfromdoingyourhomework.Afewminutescanbeenoughto(10)______you.1.A.agree B.doubt C.mean D.notice2.A.happy B.sad C.surprised D.excited3.A.but B.and C.so D.as4.A.away B.inside C.through D.against5.A.answers B.advice C.ways D.chances6.A.follow B.find C.advise D.count7.A.weakness B.laziness C.happiness D.richness8.A.easily B.equally C.closely D.hardly9.A.provide B.make C.get D.offer10.A.protect B.relax C.touch D.raise【答案】1-5CBACC6-10AACDB六、閱讀理解Althoughlovecanmakeadultslivehealthilyandhappily,itisabadthingforyoungpeople.Puppylove(早戀)maybringstressforyoungpeopleandcanleadtodepression(沮喪).Thestudyshowsthatgirlsbecomemoredepressedthanboys,andyoungergirlsaretheworstofall.Thepossiblereasonfortheconnectionbetweenloveandhigherriskofdepressionforgirlsis“l(fā)ossofself”,Accordingtothestudy,eventhoughboyswouldsay“l(fā)osethemselvesinaromanticrelationship”,this“l(fā)ossofself”ismuchmorelikelytoleadtodepressionwhenithappenstogirls.Younggirlswhohaveromanticrelationshipsusuallylikehidingtheirfeelingsandopinions.Theywon’ttellthattotheirparents.DrMarianmKaufman,anexpertonyoungpeopleproblems,says15%to20%youngpeoplewillhavedepressionduringth