廣西英語中考總復(fù)習歷史、社會與文化 主題練習

歷史、社會與文化詞匯表歷史1．歷史(n．)history2．戰(zhàn)爭(n．)war3．和平(n．)peace4．記憶；回憶(n．)memory5．王朝；朝代(n．)dynasty6．周年紀念日(n．)anniversary7．時期；時代(n．)times8．典禮；儀式(n．)ceremony9．一代(人)；代(n．)generation10．傳統(tǒng)(n．)tradition11．瓷器(n．)china12．皇帝(n．)emperor13．女皇；皇后(n．)empress14．傳播(v．)spread15．創(chuàng)造(v．)create16．發(fā)展(v．)develop17．古代的(adj．)ancient18．文化的(adj．)cultural19．中華文明theChinesecivilization20．第一次世界大戰(zhàn)WorldWarⅠ21．第二次世界大戰(zhàn)WorldWarⅡ社會22．社會(n．)society23．政府(n．)government24．法律(n．)law25．規(guī)則；條例(n．)rule26．發(fā)展(n．)development27．責任(n．)responsibility28．精神(n．)spirit29．關(guān)系(n．)relationship30．資源(n．)resource31．服務(wù)(n．)service32．人口(n．)population33．情景；形勢(n．)situation34．影響(n．&v．)influence35．經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)歷(n．)experience36．差異(n．)difference37．目標(n．)goal38．條件(n．)condition39．背景(n．)background40．習俗；風俗(n．)custom41．管理(v．)manage42．處罰(v．)punish43．遵循(v．)follow44．破壞(v．)destroy45．改善(v．)improve46．道德的(adj．)moral文化47．旗袍(n．)qipao48．筷子(n．)chopsticks49．對聯(lián)(n．)couplet50．龍(n．)dragon51．謎語(n．)riddle52．火藥(n．)gunpowder53．戲曲(n．)opera54．絲綢(n．)silk55．茶(n．)tea56．指南針(n．)compass57．太極(n．)TaiChi58．漢服(n．)hanfu59．功夫(n．)kungfu60．剪紙papercutting61．農(nóng)歷lunarcalender62．花燈festivelantern63．印刷術(shù)printingtechnique64．絲綢之路theSilkRoad65．國畫Chinesepainting66．長城theGreatWall67．象棋Chinesechess68．京劇Beijingopera(Pekingopera)69．中醫(yī)TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)70．造紙術(shù)paper－makingtechnique基礎(chǔ)練習談以史為鏡佳句范例佳句點撥1．Alotofpeoplewhohadoutstandingthoughtsandgreatachievementshaveinfluencedustilltoday．“who”引導(dǎo)的定語從句用來修飾和限定“people”；“till”引導(dǎo)出時間狀語，說明影響的深遠2．Ifwetakehistoryasamirror,wecanunderstandourselvesbetter．使用“if”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句說明以史為鏡的重要性3．Atitsmostbasic,historyisamirrorintoourselves,ournation,andourworld．“atitsmostbasic”意為“從根本上說”，反映出語言表達的嚴謹性和功底4．ThestoryYuGongMovesaMountainremindsmethatweshouldnevergiveupwheneverwemeetdifficulties．“remind”意為“提醒，使想起”，是較高級的詞匯；whenever引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，強調(diào)從愚公身上學到的不怕困難的精神談社會熱點佳句范例佳句點撥5．Itisanurgenttasktoreduceglobalwarming．“It's＋n．＋todosth．”是英語中常見的句型，使表達更豐富6．TrafficjamshavelongbeenaproblemthattroublesmanylargecitiessuchasNewYork,Tokyo,andBeijing．使用“that”引導(dǎo)的定語從句提高了表達的準確性和嚴謹性；用“suchas”舉例，使表達更具有說服力7．Wecanhardlylivewithoutseeingastarpromote(宣傳)aproductonTV,netorothermedia．副詞“hardly”與介詞“without”雙重否定，強調(diào)了明星廣告的影響，使表達更豐富8．Wethinkthatthequalityoffoodisasimportantasthequalityoflife．使用“as…as…”結(jié)構(gòu)有效地反映出“食品質(zhì)量”與“生活質(zhì)量”的關(guān)系談文化及風俗佳句范例佳句點撥9．Manypeoplebelievethatteawasfirstdrunkabout5，000yearsago．使用“that”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且從句中使用了被動語態(tài)，使表達層次更豐富10．DuringtheSpringFestival，thepicturesareputonwindows，doorsandwallsassymbolsofwishesforgoodluckandahappynewyear．“assymbolsof”意為“作為……的象征”，以此引出人們貼窗花是為了祈求好運和幸福11．InChina,you'renotsupposedtostickyourchopsticksintothefood．使用了短語“besupposedtodosth．”的否定形式，使句式更多樣化12．ItissaidthatthereisabigdifferencebetweentheEasternandWesternculture．“Itissaid＋that從句”意為“據(jù)說……”，是一種較為正式的論述主題練習A:Hey,May．Guesswhat?IboughtyouagiftfromXi'an．B:It'ssokindofyou．1．BA:Itisashadowpuppet(皮影)．It'susedintheshadowpuppetplay．B:Cool!I'veneverheardofitbefore．2．DA:Sure．ItisanancientChineseartdifferentfromcommonplays．B:What'sthedifference?A:Theperformersstandbehindawhitescreenwithlightsbehindit．B:Veryspecial．3．CA:Theymovethepuppetsaroundanddothevoicesofthecharacters．B:Itmustbeinteresting．CanIwatchit?A:4．ATherewillbeonenextFriday．B:Whereisiton?A:AtTownTheater．5．FB:Ofcourse!Ican'twaittoenjoyit．A．Yes,you'resolucky．B．Whatisit?C．Howdotheperformersact?D．Couldyouintroduceittome?E．No,it'snotverypopularamongyoungpeople．F．Shallwegotheretogetherthen？一、完形填空FanZhongyanwasafamousscholar(學者)oftheSongDynasty．Helovedlearning．HeusedtovisitatemplecalledLiquanTempleintheChangbaiMountains1ShandongProvincetostudy．Inthetemplehelivedwithmonks(和尚)．Inorderto2himselftofitinwiththehardlife,everydayhecookedonebowlofporridge．Afterhe3it,hedivideditintofourparts．Hewouldeattwopartsinthemorningwithpickles(咸菜)andtheothertwopartsintheevening．Assoonashefinishedeachmeal,hewouldgoontostudy．FanZhongyanoftenfelt4．However,hedidn'tchangehis5．Intheend,hereadallthebooksinLiquanTemple．LaterFanZhongyanwenttotheYingtianfuAcademyinJiangsuProvince．Therehereadevenmorebooks6hewentontoeatonlyfoursmallpartsofporridgeeachday．Oneof7classmatesfeltsorryforhim．HetriedtogiveFanalotofdelicioussnacks．ButFan8toeatthem．Hesaid,“Iusedtoeatsimplefood．Myonly9islearning．”10hebecameagreatman．Andlaterpeoplegavehimthenicknameofthemanwho“dividedtheporridgeandchopped(切碎)thepickles”．(A)1．A．in B．to C．a(chǎn)t(B)2．A．learn B．train C．hurt(C)3．A．took B．bought C．cooked(B)4．A．tired B．hungry C．thirsty(C)5．A．orders B．plans C．habits(C)6．A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd(A)7．A．his B．your C．my(B)8．A．decided B．refused C．continued(A)9．A．interest B．success C．a(chǎn)dvice(B)10．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Usually二、閱讀理解A(五育之體育)(2023濱州改編)Asetofphotosofaboycarryinghistennisracketsinabamboobaskethasgoneviral(走紅)．Theboy,WangFa,14,isamemberoftheVaethnicgroup(佤族)fromYunnan．Afterwinningtheunder－14title(冠軍)intheGuangzhoustopofthe2022ASICSTennisJuniorTour,anaudience(觀眾)memberfromYunnangavehimthebamboobasketasagiftandthephotosweretaken．“Wealwayscarrybamboobasketswhenweworkinthefield．Icarriedmyracketsinthisbaskettohonormyhometown，”Wangsaidafterthematch．Beforetennis,Wangwasjustanordinaryboyfromavillage．Butin2016,hewaschosenbyalocalclubasoneofthefirst10localchildrentolearntoplayprofessionaltennis．“Iwasnervousatthebeginningbecausetheoutsideworldwassodifferentfrommyhome，”hesaid．Overthepastsixyears,Wang,alongwithotherplayersattheYunnanWildElephantsTennisClub,hastrainedhardtoimprovehisskillsandphysicalstrength．Everyday,theyneedtoswingaracketmorethan7，000timesandrun9kilometers．“Ifitwerenotfortennis,Iwouldstillbehelpingoutmyfamilywithfarmworkbackhome，”Wangsaid．Wang'sparentsdidn'twanthimtolearntennisatfirstbecausetheycouldn'taffordit．Butthetennisclubofferedtoteachhimforfree．ForWang,winningtheASICSTennisJuniorTourtitlewasthebeginningofahopefulfuture．“Iwillaimforthetopspots(位置)ontheprofessionalstage，”hesaid．根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項。(C)1．HowoldwasWangFawhenhestartedtoplayprofessionaltennis?A．Six．B．Seven．C．Eight．(C)2．WheredidWangFagetthebamboobasketinthephotos?A．Hisparentsgaveittohimtocarryrackets．B．Itwastheonethatheusedtodofarmwork．C．Oneofthegameaudiencemembersgaveittohim．(B)3．What'sthepurposeofParagraph4?A．TodescribeWang'slifeintheclub．B．ToshowhowWang'slifehaschanged．C．TopresentWang'stalentsinhisyoungage．(A)4．WhatdoweknowaboutWangFa?A．Heishopefulabouthisfuture．B．Hisparentsdon'tsupporthisdream．C．Heneedstomakemoremoneyfortheclub．(B)5．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheHistoryofTennisB．ABasketFullofDreamsC．VillageTennisB(核心素養(yǎng)：文化意識)(2023濱州改編)DadshaveFather'sDay．MomshaveMother'sDay．KidshaveChildren'sDay．But,doourgrandparentshaveaspecialholiday?Yes,theydo!TheDoubleNinthFestivalisaspecialdayforelderlypeopleinChina．Thefestivalisontheninthdayoftheninthmonthofthelunarcalendar(農(nóng)歷)．AstheChinesewordforninehasthesamesoundasthewordforlong,peopletaketheDoubleNinthFestivaltoshowtheirwishesoflonglifeforelderlypeople．Therearemanytraditionsforthisfestival．Onthatday,familiesgettogetherandclimbmountainsforluckandinthehopethatelderlypeoplewilllivemuchlonger．Theyalsodrinkchrysanthemumwine(菊花酒)andwearaplantcalledzhuyutocelebrateit．Bothchrysanthemumandzhuyuareregardedascleanplantsthatcancleanhousesandcurediseases．Respectingelderlypeopleisshownnotonlyonthisspecialdaybutalsoindailylife．Forexample,whenanolderpersonentersaroom,everyonestandsup．Whenthereareseveralguestsatthetable,thehostusuallyintroducesthemfromtheoldesttotheyoungest．Whenayoungerpersonispresentingsomethingtoanolderperson,twohandsareused．Onacrowdedsubwayorbus,youngerpeoplealwaysoffertheirseatstoelderlypeople．Itisatraditionalvirtue(美德)inChinatorespectelderlypeople．That'sbecausetheChineseknowthatelderlypeoplehaveknowledgeandexperiencethatyoungpeoplecanlearnfrom．So,Chinesepeopleareproudofbeingold．Besides,torespecttheelderlypeopleistorespectyourselftomorrow．根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項。(C)6．WhoistheDoubleNinthFestivalcelebratedfor?A．Fathers．B．Mothers．C．Elderlypeople．(A)7．WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbeatraditionfortheDoubleNinthFestival?A．Cleaninghouses．B．Wearingtheplantzhuyu．C．Drinkingchrysanthemumwine．(B)8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cure”probablymeaninParagraph3?A．傳播B．治療C．研究(C)9．WhatisParagraph4about?A．Whyweshouldrespectelderlypeople．B．Traditionalwaysofcelebratingthefestival．C．Examplesofrespectingelderlypeopleindailylife．(C)10．WhyareChinesepeopleproudofbeingold?A．Becauseitmeanstheydon'thavetoworkforothers．B．Becauseitmeanstheyhavemorevirtuesthanothers．C．Becauseitmeanstheyhaveknowledgeandexperience．三、選詞填空seatsixonlinetheyvillagecelebrateforteamshowpopularThe“BeautifulCountryside”basketballfinalcompetitionswereheldinTaipanVillageofGuizhouonSaturday．Theyearlyeventbecamesopopular1．onlinethatitwonaname:VBA,orVillageBasketballAssociation．TheMiaopeopleusuallystarttheeventonthe2．sixthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalendar．They3．celebratethetraditionalChixinFestivalthroughallkindsofactivities．Themostpopularofthemisthebasketballcompetition．Organizedbylocalpeople,thevillagebasketballmatcheshavebecome4．popularovertheyears．Localgovernmenthasaddedmorethan20，0005．seatsforpeopletositon．Four6．teams—fromQiandongnan,Tongren,Zunyi,andBijie—competedforthechampionshipinthistwo－daycompetition．DifferentMiaoculturalperformanceswerestagedduringthecompetition,andlocalproductswere7．showed/showninasmallmarketinthevillage．UnliketheNBA,theVBAdoesnothaveprofessionalplayers．Buttheenthusiasm(熱情)ofpeople8．forbasketballisnolessthanthatoftheNBA．Moreover,thematcheshavehelpedthevillagersmakemoneyfromthetourismandrealize9．theirdreamsofabetterlife．Thetwo－dayeventdrawsalotoffansfromacrossthenationtothetiny10．village，whichhasapopulationofabout1，200．讀寫練習理清文章根據(jù)“一、完形填空”的文章內(nèi)容，完成以下思維導(dǎo)圖。積累詞句在文中畫出下列詞組或句型，并仿寫句子。①inorderto仿寫：我每天游泳以保持健康。Igoswimmingeverydayinordertokeepfit．②assoonas仿寫：他一到這里我們就準備出發(fā)。Assoonashegetshere,we'rereadytogo．③intheend仿寫：我相信你最終會成功的。I'msureyou'llbesuccessfulintheend．分步寫作當你跨越時間之門，打開歷史之窗，你會追隨誰的足跡？光明中學英語廣播站推出一個專題為“Myfavoritehistoricalfigure(人物)”的欄目，請你用英文寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1．最喜歡的歷史人物簡介(如姓名、職業(yè)、成就等)；2．喜歡的理由(如他/她的事跡、貢獻等)；3．你的感想。注意：1．詞數(shù)為80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名及學校名稱；4．短文開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：achievement(n．成