語法一　名詞+考點1　名詞的分類與辨析課 中考英語語法專題探究

語法一名詞第2部分語法專題探究考點精講試題精練考點1名詞的分類與辨析鏈接中考考點精講名詞是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的詞?？偟膩碚f，名詞可分為：專有名詞：表示具體的人名、地名、機構(gòu)名等專有名稱的詞，如Tom,China。分析廣西中考真題可知，名詞辨析主要在單項選擇和完形填空中考查同類名詞、不同類名詞的詞義辨析。廣西中考?？嫉拿~如下：類別例子身份類doctor醫(yī)生(2023.34)

writer作家(2023.34)

singer歌手(2023.34)

student學(xué)生(2023.46)

parent父母(2023.46)

cook廚師(2023.46)

foreigner外國人(2023.77)

farmer農(nóng)民teacher老師player運動員；選手actor男演員actress女演員driver司機類別例子地點類river河(2024.49)

sea海(2024.49)

lake湖(2024.49)

cinema電影院library圖書館hospital醫(yī)院hotel賓館shop商店school學(xué)校zoo動物園bank銀行supermarket超市飲食類biscuit餅干(2024.28)

fruit水果(2024.50)

food食物(2023.48)

vegetable蔬菜drink飲料apple蘋果candy糖果cake蛋糕egg雞蛋juice果汁milk牛奶rice米飯時間類Sunday星期日(2023.26)

time時間spring春天month月份holiday假期weekend周末weekday工作日season季節(jié)year年day一天minute分鐘hour小時類別例子動植物類fish魚(2024.50)

cat貓dog狗pig豬panda熊貓sheep羊rabbit兔子horse馬animal動物flower花tree樹plant植物學(xué)習(xí)類book書本(2024.32)

bag包(2024.32)

ruler直尺(2024.32)

chalk粉筆(2023.48)

test測試maths數(shù)學(xué)computer電腦news新聞question問題plan計劃history歷史生活類radio收音機(2024.81)

door門(2023.83)

money金錢(2023.48)

card卡片(2023.27)

picnic野餐(2023.28)

present/gift禮物ticket票stamp郵票email郵件coin硬幣clothes衣服game游戲light光線；電燈tennis網(wǎng)球類別例子其他pollution污染(2024.48)

invention發(fā)明(2024.48)

attention注意(2024.48)

rubbish垃圾(2024.50)

feeling感覺(2024.76)

danger危險voice聲音decision決定chance機會change改變excuse借口idea主意order命令promise承諾symbol象征(解答詞義辨析題需要熟記課本詞匯和課標(biāo)詞匯，更多詞匯見《教材詞匯過關(guān)練》和《早讀材料》)鏈接中考名詞詞義辨析在單項選擇和完形填空中的應(yīng)用(單項選擇：必考，每年1道；完形填空：必考，每年2～3道)名詞詞義辨析在廣西中考單項選擇和完形填空中的考查角度：(1)同類名詞詞義辨析：身份類、地點類、飲食類、學(xué)習(xí)類、生活類等；(2)不同類名詞詞義辨析。【考點突破】廣西中考的單項選擇和完形填空主要通過語境推斷和詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等)來考查名詞的詞義辨析。(2024廣西32題單選)Jimmylikesreading,soheoftengoestothebookstoretobuysome________．A．rulers B．bags

C．books解析：根據(jù)“l(fā)ikesreading”和“goestothebookstore”可知，Jimmy經(jīng)常去書店買書。故選C。(2024廣西48題、49題、50題完形節(jié)選)TheTennesseeRiverisbadlypollutedwithplasticsandotherrubbish.AndIwanttodosomethingtohelpstopmore

48.Idosome49cleanupswithothers.Wegoalongtheriverbanks.Sometimeswegotoplacesthatwecanonlyreachbyboat.Weoftenfindplentyof50，suchasbrokentoysandplasticbags．(

)48.A．invention B．pollution

C．a(chǎn)ttention(

)49.A．sea B．lake

C．river(

)50.A．rubbish B．fruit

C．fish解析：48題：根據(jù)上文可知，田納西河受到嚴(yán)重的污染，所以“我”想要做些什么來幫助阻止更多的污染。故選B。49題：根據(jù)下文“goalongtheriverbanks”可知，“我”和其他人一起清理河流。故選C。50題：根據(jù)常識可知，“brokentoys”和“plasticbags”都屬于垃圾。故選A。試題精練一、單項選擇同類名詞詞義辨析1.LastweekIwenttothe________withmyclassmatestoseecutemonkeys.A．zoo B．bank

C．museum2.Bettyiscrazyaboutsingingsongs.Herdreamistobea______．A．scientist B．painter C．musician3.—Lucy,which________doyoulikebest?—Spring.Wecangoonaschooltripandenjoytheflowersonwarmdays.A．year B．century

C．season4.(2024白銀改編)Lindaisafraidofthedark.Sheevenleavesthe________onwhilesleeping.A．screen B．radio

C．light5.—Ilikethe________namedThe

World

of

Englishverymuch.—Me,too.Ihavereaditformanyyears.A．program B．magazine C．movie6.—Kevin,couldyoupassmesome________？It’shottoday.I’mreallythirsty.—OK.Hereyouare.A．chicken B．bread

C．water7.(2024安徽改編)—Artservesasa____________betweendifferentnations.—Yes.Ithelpscross-culturalcommunication.A．palace B．wall

C．bridge不同類名詞詞義辨析8.(2024長春改編)Mybirthday________isatoypanda.It’sfrommygrandma.A．trip B．month

C．gift9.(2024福建)—Ilikethe________inthatrestaurantnearourschool.—Me,too.Theyhavethebestcooksinourtown.A．food B．service C．environment10.Youcanjoinsomeclubsaccordingtoyour________tomakeyourschoollifemorecolorful.A．a(chǎn)dvice B．interest

C．confidence11.IwanttothankJimforhis________.Heissuchanicepersonthatheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.A．kindness B．a(chǎn)ttention C．review12.(2024牡丹江)YoucanhaveabetterunderstandingofChinese________bylearningaboutChineseclayart.A．dream B．courage

C．culture13.(2024福建)Itisagood________todosomereadingbeforeyougotobedeveryday.A．habit B．excuse

C．result14.—Youareamazing.Couldyoutellmehowyoufixedupthecomputer?—It’seasy.Ijustfollowedthe________．A．instructions B．instruments C．inventions15.(2024濱州改編)—OnApril25,2024,China’sShenzhou-18spacecraft(宇宙飛船)flewtospacesuccessfully.—Wow,China’sspacetechnologyhasreachedanew________．A．method B．energy

C．height二、完形填空微語篇(2024雅安改編)(主題：人與社會·外國交換生被漢服實力“圈粉”難度：★★★用時：6分鐘)Hello,mynameisTina.IamanexchangestudentstudyinginSichuanUniversity.WhenIfirstcametoChengdu,thetraditionalChineseclothinghanfugavemeagreat1.(

)1.A．trouble B．surprise C．chanceB

Duringthatperiodoftime,IwasveryexcitedwheneverIsawpeoplewearinghanfu.SeeingIwassocrazyaboutthe2，myChineseclassmatessuggestedmakingatraditionalChinesedressforme.Theyused3tocutmanypiecesofclothandsewed(縫紉)theminaproperwaylater.Thenmyhanfuwasthereasawhole.Ilookedbeautifulinit.(

)2.A．clothes

B．colors C．prices(

)3.A．chopsticks B．pens C．scissorsA

C

SoIoftenwearit.Duringtheprocess,Ibuiltagood4withmynewclassmates.Iwillneverforgetthehappy5forever.Inthefuture,IhopeIcanlearnmoreabouttraditionalChineseart.(

)4.A．club B．relationship C．garden(

)5.A．discussion B．interview C．experienceB

C

三、完形填空(2024自貢改編)(主題：人與社會·愛永遠(yuǎn)在那里難度：★★★用時：7分鐘)Inmymemory,myfatherwasalwayscoldtome.WhenIwasyoung,Ihadtotakethebushomeafterschool.Thoughthebusstopwastwo1.awayfrommyhouseandIneededtowalk30minutestogethome,heneverwaitedformethere.(

)1.A．miles B．steps

C．metersA

SoIoftenwenthomeonmyown,eveninbad2,likerainydays.IfIcomplained(抱怨),healwayssaidinaloud3,“That’swhatyourlegsarefor！”(

)2.A．shape B．size

C．weather(

)3.A．sound B．voice

C．noiseC

B

Infact,Iwasafraidtowalkaloneinthedarkbecauseitwasdangerous.AndIthoughtmyfatherneverworriedaboutmy4.Butonaspringeveningthat5changed.(

)4.A．health B．safety

C．growth(

)5.A．truth

B．plan

C．feelingB

C

Thatevening,whenthebusarrivedatthe6，Igotoffthebustowalkhome.Therewasarow