主講曾紹武陜西鐵路工程第講混凝土簡(jiǎn)課件講解

主講：曾紹武

陜西鐵路工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院第21講混凝土簡(jiǎn)支梁架設(shè)

Lesson21:ConcreteSimplySupportedBeamInstallation任務(wù)導(dǎo)入

TaskImport

通過(guò)對(duì)簡(jiǎn)支梁常用各種架設(shè)方法的學(xué)習(xí)，掌握簡(jiǎn)支梁架設(shè)方法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，能合理選擇架設(shè)方法。

Bystudyingvariouscommonlyusederectionmethodsforsimplysupportedbeams,grasptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthesemethods,andbeabletochoosetheerectionmethodreasonably.

能力目標(biāo)

Capabilityobjectives能夠梁體運(yùn)輸和架設(shè)的方法Methodfortransportinganderectingbeams

目標(biāo)1Goal1目標(biāo)２Goal2能夠掌握梁體架設(shè)方法適用條件

Abletomastertheapplicableconditionsofbeamerectionmethods目標(biāo)３Goal3能夠掌握各種架設(shè)方法架設(shè)步驟Abletomastervariousinstallationmethodsandsteps簡(jiǎn)支梁架設(shè)

SimplesupportedbeamerectionGoal1安裝方法installation

陸地架設(shè)法Landerectionmethod

自行式吊車架梁Selfpropelledcranebeamerection跨墩龍門吊車架梁Crosspiergantrycranebeamerection移動(dòng)支架架梁Mobilebracketbeam浮吊架設(shè)法Floatinghangerdesign浮吊船架梁Floatingcraneshipframebeam固定式懸臂浮吊架梁Fixedcantileverfloatingsuspensionbeam高空架設(shè)法High-altitudeerectionmethod聯(lián)合架橋機(jī)架梁Jointbridgingframebeam閘門式架橋機(jī)架梁Gatetypebridgeerectionframebeam寬穿巷式架橋機(jī)架梁Widetunnelcrossingbridgeframebeam自行式吊車橋上架梁Selfpropelledcranebridgegirdererection扒桿釣魚法架梁Scaffoldingbeamwithfishingrodmethod龍門式起重機(jī)運(yùn)輸法

Gantrycranetransportationmethod汽車、駁船、火車運(yùn)輸

Transportationbycar,barge,train.軌道平車移運(yùn)

Railflatcartransportation運(yùn)梁臺(tái)車運(yùn)輸

Beamtransporttrolleytransportation.1.自行式吊車架梁Selfpropelledcranebeamerection2.跨墩門式吊車架梁Crosspiergantrycranebeamerection對(duì)于橋不太高，架梁孔數(shù)又多，沿橋墩兩側(cè)鋪設(shè)軌道不困難的情況下，主要是通過(guò)鋪軌后用門式吊車架設(shè)?？梢圆捎靡慌_(tái)或兩臺(tái)跨墩門式吊車架梁。

Forbridgesthatarenottoohighandhavealargenumberofbeamopenings,itisnotdifficulttolaytracksalongbothsidesofthebridgepier.Themainmethodistouseagantrycraneafterlayingthetracks.Oneortwocrosspiergantrycranescanbeusedtoframethebeams.3.擺動(dòng)排架梁法Swingingbentbeammethod將預(yù)制梁（板）沿路基牽引到橋臺(tái)上并稍懸出一段，從橋孔中心河床上懸出的梁（板）端底下設(shè)置人字扒桿或木支架。前方用牽引絞車牽引梁（板）端。此時(shí)支架隨之?dāng)[動(dòng)而到對(duì)岸。Pulltheprefabricatedbeam(slab)alongtheroadbedtothebridgeabutmentandhangitslightlyforasection.Installaherringbonepoleorwoodensupportbelowthebeam(slab)endsuspendedfromtheriverbedatthecenterofthebridgeopening.Useatractionwinchtopullthebeam(plate)endforward.Atthispoint,thebracketswingstotheoppositebank.試用條件applicability適宜于橋梁高跨比較大的場(chǎng)合Suitableforoccasionswithlargehighspanratiosofbridges為免擺動(dòng)過(guò)快，應(yīng)在梁（板）的后端用絞車牽引制動(dòng)。Toavoidexcessiveswinging,awinchshouldbeusedtopullandbraketherearendofthebeam(plate).4.移動(dòng)支架架梁法4.Movingbracketbeammethod在架設(shè)孔的地面上，順橋軸線方向鋪設(shè)軌道，其上設(shè)置可移動(dòng)支架，預(yù)制梁前端搭在支架上，通過(guò)移動(dòng)支架將梁移運(yùn)到要求的位置后，用龍門架或人字扒桿吊裝；或在橋墩上設(shè)枕木垛，用千斤頂卸下，再將梁橫移就位。Onthegroundwheretheholesareerected,atrackislaidalongtheaxisofthebridge,onwhichmovablesupportsareinstalled.Thefrontendoftheprefabricatedbeamisplacedonthesupport,andthebeamistransportedtotherequiredpositionthroughthemovablesupport.Then,itisliftedusingagantryoraherringbonepole;Alternatively,setupsleepersonthebridgepiers,removethemwithjacks,andthenmovethebeamshorizontallyintoposition.5.浮吊架設(shè)法5.FloatingHangerManagement浮吊架設(shè)法Floatinghangerdesign浮吊船架梁Floatingcraneshipframebeam固定式懸臂浮吊架梁Fixedcantileverfloatingsuspensionbeam浮吊架設(shè)法Floatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架設(shè)法Largefloatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架設(shè)法Largefloatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架設(shè)法Largefloatinghangerdesign此法是將預(yù)制梁的一端縱向拖拉滾移到岸邊的浮船支架上，再用如移動(dòng)式支架架梁法相同方法沿橋軸線拖拉浮船至對(duì)岸，預(yù)制梁也相應(yīng)拖拉至對(duì)岸，當(dāng)梁前端抵達(dá)安裝位置后用龍門架或人字扒桿安裝就位。Thismethodinvolvesdraggingandrollingoneendoftheprefabricatedbeamlongitudinallyontothefloatingboatsupportontheshore,andthenusingthesamemethodasthemobilesupportbeammethodtodragthefloatingboatalongthebridgeaxistotheoppositebank.Theprefabricatedbeamisalsocorrespondinglypulledtotheoppositebank,andwhenthefrontendofthebeamreachestheinstallationposition,itisinstalledinplaceusingagantryoraherringbonepole.6.浮船支架拖拉架梁法

6.FloatingBoatSupportDraggingBeamMethod浮船支架拖拉架設(shè)FloatingBoatSupportDraggingandInstallation用棧橋碼頭橫移梁上船。預(yù)制梁經(jīng)過(guò)棧橋橫向移運(yùn)到兩個(gè)提升塔（或龍門吊機(jī)下）之間后，就可用卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)交梁提升起來(lái)，然后將雙艘浮船連系的浮船支架拖入，再將梁落放在浮船支架上。浮船中線宜與預(yù)制梁中線相垂直。Usethepiertomovethebeamhorizontallyontotheship.Aftertheprefabricatedbeamishorizontallymovedbetweentwoliftingtowers(organtrycranes)throughthetrestlebridge,itcanbeliftedbyawinch,andthenthefloatingboatbracketconnectedtothetwofloatingboatsisdraggedin,andthebeamisplacedonthefloatingboatbracket.Thecenterlineofthefloatingshipshouldbeperpendiculartothecenterlineoftheprefabricatedbeam.當(dāng)棧橋排架較高，浮船支架高度稍低于棧橋上梁底高度時(shí)，可不必用卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)或龍門架提升預(yù)制梁，而采用先將浮船充水使它吃水深些，待浮船拖到梁下的預(yù)定位置后，再用水泵將浮船中壓艙水排出，使浮船升高將梁托起在支架上。但完全靠充水、排水來(lái)升降浮船支架高度比較費(fèi)時(shí)，可與千斤頂聯(lián)合使用。但在浮船支架拖運(yùn)途中，必須撤除千斤頂，以免梁發(fā)生翻倒現(xiàn)象。Whenthetrestlebentishighandtheheightofthefloatingboatsupportisslightlylowerthantheheightofthebeambottomonthetrestle,itisnotnecessarytouseawinchorgantrytolifttheprecastbeam.Instead,thefloatingboatisfilledwithwatertomakeitdeeper.Afterthefloatingboatistowedtothepredeterminedpositionunderthebeam,theSailingballastinthefloatingboatisdischargedbythewaterpump,sothatthefloatingboatisliftedandthebeamisliftedonthesupport.However,relyingsolelyonwaterfillinganddrainagetoraiseandlowertheheightofthefloatingboatsupportistime-consumingandcanbeusedinconjunctionwithajack.However,duringthetowingofthe