2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit6Earthfirst泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成教案外研版必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE13-Unit6Earthfirst閱讀教材P68－69中的材料，選出最佳選項(xiàng)1．Whatisreallygreen?A．Papershoppingbagsarebetterthanplasticones.B．Removethepowerplugsupply，anditstopsusingpower.C．Eatinglocalfoodisgoodfortheenvironment.D．It'sbettertotakeashowerthanabath.2．Whyarepeopleadvisedtotakeareusablebag?A．Becauseplasticbagscauseenvironmentalproblems.B．Becauseplasticbagsaredifficulttoproduce.C．Becausepaperbagsareadangertowildanimals.D．Becausetheprocessofmakingpaperbagsismorecomplicated.3．What'sconnectedwithenergysaving?A．Eatinglocalfood.B．Eatingtransportfood.C．Producingfoodbyourselves.D．Usinglessenergyduringfoodproduction.4．Whichwayofthefollowingissavingenergy?A．Tospend8minutestohaveabath.B．Totakeashowermorethan8minutes.C．Totrytotakeabathinsteadofashower.D．Tokeepyourshowertimeasshortaspossible.[答案]1－4BADDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)1)devotev．致力，獻(xiàn)身，傾注(教材P65)Now，sheisamodelandperformanceartistdevoted/devotingtooceanconservation.現(xiàn)在，她是一名致力于海洋愛(ài)護(hù)的模特和行為藝術(shù)家。[例1]Heisdeterminedtodevotehislifetoscience.他決心把畢生精力貢獻(xiàn)給科學(xué)事業(yè)。[例2]Iwanttobeateacherverymuchanddevotemyselftoteaching.我很想當(dāng)老師，一生致力于教學(xué)工作。[造句]你必需用心于工作。Youmustdevoteyourattentiontoyourwork.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)devoteone'slife/time/energyto(doing)sth. 把某人的生命/時(shí)間/精力獻(xiàn)給……devoteoneselfto 致力于；獻(xiàn)身于；用心于(2)devotedadj. 摯愛(ài)的；忠實(shí)的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 獻(xiàn)身于；用心致志于(3)devotionn. 奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Healwaysdevoteshisattentiontohelping(help)thehomelesschildren.②Devoted(devote)tohisresearch，healmostforgoteverythingabouthimself.③Weappreciatedhisdevotion(devote)totheproject.[小片段助記](méi)Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace，andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)2)reserven．(野生生物)愛(ài)護(hù)區(qū)；貯存v．保留；貯存；預(yù)訂(教材P65)HellofromSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve(SNNR)．你好，這里是三江源國(guó)家自然愛(ài)護(hù)區(qū)。[例1]Afriendcanbeareserveofhelpintimesoftrouble.摯友可以在困難的時(shí)候供應(yīng)幫助。[例2]Theseseatsarereservedforspecialguests.這些座位是留給貴賓的。[造句]為了愛(ài)護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，應(yīng)當(dāng)多建立野生動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)區(qū)。Toprotectwildanimals，morewildlifereservesshouldbesetup.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)withoutreserve 毫無(wú)保留keepsth.inreserve 保存某物以備用(2)reservesth.forsb. 為某人預(yù)留某物reservetherighttodosth. 保留做某事的權(quán)利[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whentalkingtoafriend，weshouldbefrankwithoutreserve.②Wealwayskeepsomemoneyinreserve，justincase.③Adoubleroomwithabalconyhasbeenreservedforhim.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)3)damagev．&n．破損，損害，損傷(教材P65)Inrecentyears，wehaveseenlargeareasofwetlandthatweredamagedbyhumanactivity.近年來(lái)，我們看到大片濕地被人類(lèi)活動(dòng)破壞。[例1]Manybuildingsandcarshavebeendamagedintheexplosion.很多大樓和汽車(chē)在這次爆炸中受損。[例2]Thestormdidagreatdealofdamagetotheoldhouses.暴風(fēng)雨給那些舊房屋造成了很大損壞。[造句]吸煙會(huì)損害你的健康。Smokingcandamageyourhealth.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]sufferdamage 遭遇損壞do/causedamageto 給……造成損壞[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)anybuildingsandroadsweredamaged(damage)badlywhentheheavysnowstruckthatcity.②Theearthquakebrokeatmidnight，causinggreatdamagetothecity.[名師點(diǎn)津]damage指部分性“損壞，破壞”，一般可以修復(fù)；而destroy指徹底地“毀壞，破壞”，一般不能或很難再修復(fù)。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)4)(教材P65)We'vealsoseendroughtsandfloodscausedbythesechanges，whichaffectthewatersupplydownstream.我們還看到了由這些變更引起的干旱和洪水，這些變更影響了下游的供水。(1)floodn．洪水，水災(zāi)；大量v．沉沒(méi)；泛濫；(感覺(jué)或回憶)涌上心頭[例1]Abusinessneedsinsuranceagainstriskssuchasfireandflood.公司須要上保險(xiǎn)以防備火災(zāi)、洪災(zāi)等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。[例2]Thegroundfloorofthehousewasflooded.房子的底層被淹了。[造句]水壩不太堅(jiān)實(shí)，擋不住洪水。Thedamwasnotstrongenoughtoholdbacktheflood.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)beinflood (河水)上漲，泛濫afloodof 大量的(2)floodedareas 水災(zāi)地區(qū)floodin/into 大量涌入floodback (感覺(jué)或回憶)涌上心頭[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thecharityreceivedafloodofthankfultelegramsandletters.②Largequantitiesoffoodareneededintheflooded(flood)areasnow.③Applicationsfloodedinafterweadvertiseditonthenewspaper.④Seeingwhatthehomelesswereexperiencing，memoriesofherchildhoodfloodedback．(2)affectv．影響；打動(dòng)；(疾病)侵襲[例1]Anunhappyhomeenvironmentcanaffectachild'sbehaviour.不開(kāi)心的家庭環(huán)境能影響兒童的行為。[例2]Wewerealldeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.她去世的消息使我們都深感哀思。[造句]眾所周知，吸煙影響我們的健康。Itiswellknownthatsmokingaffectsourhealth.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)beaffectedby 被……侵襲；被……感動(dòng)beaffectedwithahighfever 發(fā)高燒(2)effectn. 作用；影響；結(jié)果ineffect 事實(shí)上haveaneffecton 對(duì)……有影響[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Affected(affect)bytheriseofhouseprices，peopleinbigcitiesliveundergreatpressure.②Hedidn'tattendtheconferencebecausehewasaffectedwithahighfever.③Favorablepoliciesareineffecttoencourageemployees'professionaldevelopment.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)5)adoptv．實(shí)行(某種方法)；收養(yǎng)(教材P65)Thisincludeskeepingtheoriginalenvironmentfrombeingtouched，aswellasadoptingnew，sustainablewaysoffeedingfarmanimals.這包括保持原始環(huán)境不被觸及，以及接受新的、可持續(xù)性的方式喂養(yǎng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物。[例1]Ourschoolhasadoptedanewteachingmethod.我們學(xué)校接受了一種新的教學(xué)方法。[例2]Theyhadnochildrenoftheirown，sotheyadoptedaneighbor'sgirl.他們自己無(wú)兒女，所以收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)鄰居家的女孩。[造句]三個(gè)隊(duì)接受了不同的方式來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Thethreeteamsadopteddifferentwaystosolvetheproblem.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)adoptanidea/aplan 接受看法/安排adoptapositiveattitude 實(shí)行主動(dòng)的看法(2)adoptedadj. 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的adoptionn. 接受；收養(yǎng)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shetreatedheradopted(adopt)sonasifhewereherownchild.②Ifyoucannothavechildrenofyourown，whynotconsideradoption(adopt)?③Paul'smotherhadhimadopted(adopt)becauseshecouldn'tlookafterhim.[名師點(diǎn)津]adapt與adopt詞形相近，但adapt意為“適應(yīng)；改編”。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)6)reducev．削減，降低(教材P66)Reducewastebychoosingreusableproducts．．．通過(guò)選擇可重復(fù)運(yùn)用的產(chǎn)品來(lái)削減奢侈……[例1]Everyoneshouldtrytoreducetheamountofsaltinourdiet.大家都應(yīng)當(dāng)在飲食中削減鹽的攝入量。[例2]Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressistotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.削減壓力最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊感受。[造句]現(xiàn)在有這臺(tái)電腦幫忙，我們就能降低生產(chǎn)成本了。Nowwecanreducetheproductioncostswiththehelpofthecomputer.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]reduce．．．to．．． 把……削減到……reduce．．．by．．． 把……削減了……bereducedto(doing)sth. 淪落到……地步[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thoughthepriceofthehousehasbeenreducedby10%，wecan'tafforditeither.②Theywerereducedtobegging(beg)fortheirliving.③Toimprovetheairquality，theuseofprivatecarsshouldbereduced(reduce)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)7)permissionn．允許，許可(教材P67)Apoliteinterruptionisusuallyframedasarequestforpermissiontointerruptsomeone，oftenstartingwithIf．．．，MayI．．．?禮貌的打斷通常被理解為懇求允許打斷某人，通常以If．．．，MayI．．．？起先。[例1]Youmustaskforpermissionbeforetakinganyphotosinsidethehall.必需申請(qǐng)批準(zhǔn)方可在大廳內(nèi)拍照。[例2]We'vegotpermissiontogoinsidetheoldbuilding.我們已獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入那棟老建筑物。[造句]他懇求經(jīng)理準(zhǔn)許他請(qǐng)假一天。Heaskedthemanager'spermissiontotakeadayoff.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)askforpermission 懇求許可withoutpermission 未經(jīng)許可(2)permitv. 許可，允許n. 執(zhí)照；許可證permitdoingsth. 允許做某事permitsb.todosth. 允許某人做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)t'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.②Wedonotpermitsmoking(smoke)intheoffice.③Passengersarepermittedtocarry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)8)breakdown分解；(機(jī)器等)出故障；(身體、精神等)垮掉；(談判等)失敗；拆除(教材P68)Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown，butmuchlesstimeforpaper.塑料須要幾百年才能分解，而紙分解的時(shí)間則要短得多。[例1]Youwillbreakdownsoonerorlaterifyougoonworkinglikethat.假如你接著像那樣工作的話，遲早會(huì)累垮的。[例2]Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.昨晚與商業(yè)首腦的會(huì)談失敗了。[造句]我們的車(chē)在去公司的路上壞了。Ourcarbrokedownonthewaytothecompany.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]breakup 解散；結(jié)束；拆散breakin 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；打斷(談話)，插嘴breakinto 闖入，破門(mén)而入breakout 爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生breakthrough 突破；克服，戰(zhàn)勝[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenhegothome，hefoundhishousebrokeninto．②Daddywouldoccasionallybreakinwithasuggestion.③Scientistssaytheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.[小片段助記](méi)Theircarbrokedownonthewaytothecinema，soaquarrelbrokeoutandatlasttheloversbrokeup.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)9)amountn．?dāng)?shù)量，數(shù)額v．總計(jì)；達(dá)到(教材P68)However，makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而，生產(chǎn)一個(gè)紙袋所消耗的能量是生產(chǎn)一個(gè)塑料袋的四倍，用水量是(生產(chǎn))塑料袋的三倍。[例1]Anyamount，greatorsmall，willbeappreciated.數(shù)量不論多少都將受到歡迎。[例2]Thelossfromthefloodamountstotenmilliondollars.水災(zāi)的損失共達(dá)1000萬(wàn)美元。[造句]他每天有大量的信件要回復(fù)。Hehasalargeamountofmailstoanswereveryday.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)alarge/smallamountof 大/少量的(跟名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù))large/smallamountsof 大/少量的(跟名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞用復(fù)數(shù))(2)amountto 達(dá)到；等于；總共；共計(jì)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Largeamountsofmoneyarewasted(waste)onuselessthingseveryyear.②Alargeamountofmoneyhasbeenspent(spend)buildingmorekindergartenssofarthisyear.③You'llneveramounttoanythingifyouspendyourtimethatway!eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)10)take．．．intoaccount把……考慮進(jìn)去(教材P69)Insomecases，localproducemighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthanproducegrownalongwayaway—eventakingintoaccountitstransport.在某些狀況下，當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品消耗的能源和產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體也可能比生長(zhǎng)在很遠(yuǎn)的地方的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品多——甚至考慮到它的運(yùn)輸。[例1]Whenitcomestodevelopingoureconomy，wemusttakeenvironmentalprotectionintoaccount.當(dāng)談到發(fā)展我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)，我們必須要考慮環(huán)保。[例2]Whenjudginghisperformance，don'ttakehisageintoaccount.評(píng)價(jià)他的表演時(shí)，不要把他的年齡考慮在內(nèi)。[造句]我誠(chéng)心希望你能考慮我的建議。Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoaccount.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)takeaccountof＝take．．．intoaccount 把……考慮在內(nèi)giveanaccountof 對(duì)……進(jìn)行描述onaccountof 因?yàn)椋捎趏nnoaccount 決不(位于句首時(shí)句子用部分倒裝)(2)accountfor 說(shuō)明，說(shuō)明；(數(shù)量/比例上)占據(jù)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shegaveanexcitingaccountofthefootballmatch.②Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetonaccountofthebadweather.③Thepoorweathermayhaveaccountedfortheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhocoughdayandnight.[小片段助記](méi)Onnoaccountwilltheheadteachertakeaccountofyourexcusebecauseevenyoucan'taccountforyourabsenceclearly.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)11)urgev．竭力主見(jiàn)，劇烈要求，敦促n．沖動(dòng)；劇烈的愿望(教材P71)Iturgespeopletosavefoodbynotwastinganythingonthediningtable.它敦促人們節(jié)約食物，不要在餐桌上奢侈任何東西。[例1]Ourteacherurgedustodomoreexerciseafterclass.我們的老師劇烈要求我們課后多熬煉。[例2]Ineverfeltanurgetolearnanysignlanguagebefore.我以前從未感覺(jué)到學(xué)習(xí)手勢(shì)語(yǔ)的劇烈愿望。[造句]隨著高考的接近，我們的老師敦促我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。OurteacherurgedustostudyhardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)urgesb.todosth./intodoingsth. 力勸/敦促某人做某事urgethat．．． 劇烈要求；極力主見(jiàn)[從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 用(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形]urge(sb.)on 力勸；強(qiáng)調(diào)；劇烈要求(2)urgentadj. 緊急的；迫切的inurgentneedof 急需(3)urgentlyadv. 緊急地；迫切地urgencyn. 緊急；緊急狀況[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotake(take)advantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.②Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinurgent(urge)needoffood，medicineandshelters.③It'sofgreaturgency(urge)thatweneedtomaketherelevantlawswiththerapidgrowthofonlineshopping.[小片段助記](méi)Theteacherurgedthatthestudents(should)betaughthowtotakeurgentactioninurgency.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)12)concernedadj.著急的，擔(dān)憂的；關(guān)切的；有關(guān)的(教材P71)Weareconcernedthat．．．我們擔(dān)憂……[例1]Ican'thelpbutfeelveryconcerned.我禁不住感到很擔(dān)憂。[例2]Nowanincreasingnumberofpeopleareconcernedabouttheenvironmentalprotection.現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)注環(huán)境愛(ài)護(hù)。[造句]我很擔(dān)憂我們可能無(wú)法按時(shí)完成此事。I'mveryconcernedthatwemaynotfinishthisontime.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)beconcernedabout/for 關(guān)切；掛念beconcernedwith/in 與……有關(guān)；參加；牽扯到asfaras．．．beconcerned 就……而言(2)concernn．&v. 關(guān)切；擔(dān)憂show/expressconcernabout/for 對(duì)……表示關(guān)切/擔(dān)憂(3)concerningprep. 關(guān)于[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Everyoneconcerned(concern)intheincidentwasquestionedbythepolice.②However，Ithinkweshouldshowmoreconcernfor/aboutourfriends.③Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewithinformationconcerning(concern)theclub.[名師點(diǎn)津]concerned用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“關(guān)切的；擔(dān)憂的”，作前置定語(yǔ)；表示“相關(guān)的，有關(guān)的”，作后置定語(yǔ)。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)13)contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)；捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿(教材P72)Lookatthethreeitemsthatcontributetoacarbonfootprint.看看造成碳蹤跡的三個(gè)因素。[例1]Eatingtoomuchfatcancontributetoheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.吃太多脂肪會(huì)引起心臟病和高血壓。[例2]Hecontributedalargesumofmoneytothefloodvictims.他捐出一大筆錢(qián)給受水災(zāi)的災(zāi)民。[造句]老師告知我們熬煉有助于健康。Ourteachertellsusthatexercisecontributestogoodhealth.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)contributeto 促成；導(dǎo)致contribute．．．to．．． 向……捐獻(xiàn)；向……投稿(2)contributionn. 貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)；稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto 對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)；向……捐款[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thefamouswriterisoneoftheseveralauthorscontributing(contribute)tothebook.②Yoursuggestionhasgreatlycontributedtotheaccomplishmentofourwork.③Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeagreatcontribution(contribute)toourfamilyandoursociety.[小片段助記](méi)Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoapress.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)14)averageadj.平均(數(shù))的；一般的，一般的n．平均；平均數(shù)；平均水平v．平均為，平均達(dá)到(教材P72)Theaveragescoreofourgroupis．．．我們組的平均成果是……[例1]TheaveragetimeChinesepeoplespendonlineis17hoursperweek.中國(guó)人平均花在網(wǎng)上的時(shí)間是每周17個(gè)小時(shí)。[例2]Totheirjoy，theirson'sschoolworkiswellaboveaverage.使他們興奮的是，他們兒子的學(xué)習(xí)成果遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于平均水平。[造句]這個(gè)工廠工人平均每月的工資是多少？What'stheworkers'averageincomeamonthinthisfactory?[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]anaverageof 平均withthe/anaverageof 平均為on(the/an)average 平均起來(lái)；在一般狀況下above/below(the)average 高于/低于平均數(shù)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)t'sasmallshop，withanaverageofabout500customersaweek.②Onaverage，howmuchtimedoyouspendonsportsactivitieseachweek?③Hewasagoodstudentandscoredaboveaverageinmostsubjects.SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式)倍數(shù)表達(dá)法(教材P68)However，makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而，生產(chǎn)一個(gè)紙袋所消耗的能量是制造一個(gè)塑料袋的四倍，用水量是(生產(chǎn))塑料袋的三倍。句式分析：fourtimesasmuchenergyas是倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，其句型為“倍數(shù)＋asmuch/many＋n.＋as”。[例1]Ourcompanyhaspublishedtwiceasmanybooksaswedidlastyear.我們公司出版的書(shū)是去年的兩倍。[例2]Peter'sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack's，butitcosttwiceasmuchashis.彼得的上衣看上去和杰克的一樣，但價(jià)錢(qián)卻是他上衣的兩倍。[造句]他擁有的書(shū)的數(shù)量是他妹妹的三倍。Hehasgotthreetimesasmanybooksashisyoungersister.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]常見(jiàn)的倍數(shù)句型：(1)．．．倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級(jí)＋as．．．(2)．．．倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.的比較級(jí)＋than．．．(3)．．．倍數(shù)＋the＋性質(zhì)名詞(size/length/wid