Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件高中英語人教版

Discoveringusefulstructures---presentperfectpassivevoice主語

+

have/has

+V-過去分詞(done)助動(dòng)詞,無意義

一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter

has

already

come

.冬天已經(jīng)來臨。present(now)現(xiàn)在future未來past過去過去的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（動(dòng)作未完成）過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響（動(dòng)作已完成）ThePresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法(1)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。Eg：①Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)種下了所有的樹。②

Hehasjustcomeback.

他剛剛回來。③

Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.

他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市建造了許多建筑。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.

(窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.

(我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.

(不了解書的內(nèi)容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.

(手是干凈的)二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法(2)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。常與already,yet

(到現(xiàn)在還沒有),just

(剛剛),

ever等詞連用.already:常用于肯定句中

yet:常用于否定句,疑問句尾常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：already

已經(jīng)

yet

已經(jīng)recently/lately

最近

sincethen

從那時(shí)起eversince

自那以來

ever

曾經(jīng)sofar/uptillnow

迄今為止

bynow

到現(xiàn)在為止foralongtime

很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間inrecentyears

在最近幾年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears

在過去的幾年里ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.她學(xué)英語有五年了。HehaslivedinBeijingsince

（自從）5yearsago.他五年前就住在北京了。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法(3)表示從過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。for＋時(shí)間段（一段時(shí)間）觀察下列句子，找出它們的共同之處。MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.People’sliveshavebeenchangedbyonlinecommunitiesandsocialnetworks.Manypeoplehavebeenhelpedbytheclub.Jan’slifehasbeengreatlychangedbytheInternet.Howhasourlifebeenchanged?Canwerewritethesentencelikethis?我們能將句子這樣進(jìn)行改寫嗎？Perceiving&understanding理解與感知Canwerewritethesentencelikethis?MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.很多關(guān)于萬維網(wǎng)奇妙之處的（文章）已經(jīng)被寫了下來。人們已經(jīng)寫了很多關(guān)于萬維網(wǎng)奇妙之處的文章。Moreexamples…讓我們觀察更多例句~Perceiving&understanding理解與感知Observetheredwordsandthink.1.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.2.People’sliveshavebeenchangedbyonlinecommunities.3.Manypeoplehavebeenhelpedbytheclub.4.Jan’slifehasbeengreatlychangedbytheInternet.1.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersofWorldWideWeb.2.Onlinecommunitieshavechangedpeople’slives.3.Theclubhashelpedmanypeople.4.TheInternethaschangedJan’slife.三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have/has+

V-過去分詞（done）2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)就是：主語

+

have/has

+

been

+

V-過去分詞Actually,newchangeshavetakenplaceinourschoolandcounty.Newteachingbuildingshavebeenbuiltinourschool.Agym

hasbeenbuiltinourschool.Thetrack

andfieldhasbeenbuiltinourschool.Anewroad

hasbeenbuilt

nearourschool.Arailwaystationhasbeenbuiltinourcounty（縣）.Let’sobservethesentencestogether.1.Newteachingbuildingshavebeenbuiltinourschool.2.Agymhasbeenbuiltinourschool.3.Thetrackandfieldhasbeenbuiltinourschool.4.Anewroadhasbeenbuiltnearourschool.5.Arailwaystationhasbeenbuiltinourcounty（縣）.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定義：同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一樣:表示動(dòng)作在說話之前已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。被動(dòng)語態(tài):“be+過去分詞”表示“被動(dòng)”肯定式：主語+

have/has+

been

+

done(V-過去分詞)否定式：主語+

have/has+

not

+

been

+

done...

一般疑問句：Have/Has

+主語+

been

+

done...？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+

have/has

+主語+

been

+

done...？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)Manystudentshave

alreadybeenaffectedbythevirus.許多學(xué)生已經(jīng)受到病毒的影響Havemanystudentsbeen

affectedbythevirusyet?Who

havebeenaffectedbythevirusyet?①否定句：Manystudentshave

notbeenaffectedbythevirusyet.②一般疑問句：③特殊疑問句（對(duì)劃線部分提問）：1.Papermoney____________(use)foroverathousandyears.

2.—_____theletter__________(give)toMr.

Black?—No.It’sstillonthedesk.3.Greatchanges_________

__(takeplace)inmyhometownandalotoffactories____________(set)up.hasbeenusedHasbeengivenhavetakenplacehavebeensetCompletethesentences.takeplace是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，沒有被動(dòng)形式。

Completethesentences.4.Overthepastfouryears,morethan$10million________________(spend)carryingouttheproject.5.Manybuildingsinthiscity__________________(not,build)yet.6.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey______________(teach)manytimesontheradio.7.Allthepreparationsforthetask__________________(complete),andwe’rereadytostart.8.Nowallthetrees______________(plant)bystudents.havebeentaughthavebeencompletedhavenotbeenbuilthavebeenspenthavebeenplantedHaveatry(Bookp.30(2))Changethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.ExampleTheyhavebuiltakindofnewPCwithmorefunctions.→AkindofnewPChasbeenbuiltwithmorefunctions.1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4.Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4.Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemade