【暑假輔導(dǎo)班】初升高銜接教材 2021-2022新高一英語(yǔ)人教版附答案解析

初升高銜接教材單元分層必練01（原卷版）

英語(yǔ)

筆試部分

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Belowyouwillfindaprofileofeachgapyearprogramme.Ifthereisaspecificprogrammeyouareinterested

inoraquestionyouhaveregardingtheseprogrammes,pleasefeelfreetocontactthemdirectly.

YouthInternational

Since1997,YouthInternationalhasbeenprovidingmanypeoplewiththemostexcitingandeducational

experienceoftheirlife.Itisalearningprogrammethatcombinesinternationaltravel,inter-culturalexchange,home

stays,volunteercommunityserviceworkandoutdooradventures.

Phone:720-270-3323

CarpeDiemEducation

Throughvolunteerservice,travelandculturalexchange,studentsofCarpeDiemEducationreceiveapersonal

insightintothemselvesandtheircultures.Wespecializeinguidingsummerandsemesterprogrammesforhigh

schoolstudents.Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,who

returnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.

Phone:503-285-1800

CentreforInterimProgrammes

Foundedin1980,CentrefbrInterimProgrammesisthefirstindependentgap-yearorganisationinAmerica.

Basedonstudents'interestsandbudget,ourexperiencedteachershelpmakeindividualcoursechoicesincluding

low-costvolunteeroptions,languageprogrammes,researchtrips,andsoon.Wearecommittedtohelpingstudents

findmoreexperiencesofformaleducationandwork.

Phone:413-585-0980

EFGapYear

EFGapYearoffersstudentstheabilityroexploreseveralcountrieswhereyouwilllearnalanguage,volunteer

fbragoodcause,andgaininternationalworkexperience.Choosebetweena12-weeksemesteranda26-week

academicyear.Youcanthenpersonalizeyourprogrammetomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterestsbydeciding

where,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.Ourwell-structuredcurriculumevenallowsyoutoplaceout

ofcollege-levelclassesandearnadvancedcreditstowardsgraduation.

Phone:800-726-9746

1.Whichphonenumbercanyoudialifyou認(rèn)anttoimproveyourleadership?

A.720-270-3323.

B.503-285-1800.

C.413-585-0980.

D.800-726-9746.

2.WhatisEFGapYear'suniquefeature?

A.Itsreasonablefee.

B.Itsexperiencedteachers.

C.Itspersonalizedprogramme.

D.Itsdiversecurriculumchoices.

3.Whatdothefourprogrammeshaveincommon?

A.Theypayattentiontovolunteerservicework.

B.Theycombineeducationwithhomestays.

C.Theymainlyoffercross-culturaleducation.

D.Theyraisestudents'interestinadventures.

B

Itwasacoldwinter.Thewindblewallnightandthesnowwasblinding.Whenthemorningcame,mythree

childrenandIgotupandmadeourwaytothewindows.Aswelookedoutofthewindow,wesawthatthehen

housewasgone.Ourthreehenshadbeenblownaway.

Ilookedattheemptinessoutside.ThenIsawallthreechickenssittingaroundtheedgeofawhitebucket.How

wasthisviolentwindnotblowingthemintothefieldbeyond?Iquicklypulledonmyhusband'slongsnowpants

andheavywintercoat,wrappedascarfandstuckmyfeetintoverylargeboots.

Ishoutedatthewindasitblew.Iwasalone,exceptmychildren.Theystaredoutofthewindowintothevast

whiteseaofsnowandtheireyespeeledforanysignofmovement.OutsideIheardthesoundofmybootsasI

walkedagainstthewind.

Thesnowcirclingaroundme,Isteadilymademywaytothesoftcluck-cluck-clucksoundmyhensalways

made.WhenIreachedthem,Isawthattheirlittlefeetwereholdingontotheedgeofthebucket,headsbentforward

andawayfromthewind.Igentlyliftedeachhenandputitcarefullyintothewarminside.ThenIbeganthe

freezingwalkbacktothesmallsheddirectlybehindourhouse.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloor,and

theybegantoclucksoftly.

AsIshutthesheddoors,myeyeswentdirectlytothewindowwheremychildrenwerewatching.They

jumpedupanddowncheering,andsodidI!Iwasn'tsomedragonslayer（屠殺者）fromafairytale.Iwassimplya

mom,butthelookonmychildren'sfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasaheromom.

4.Seeingallthreechickenssittingaroundthebucket,theauthorfelt.

A.incredibleB.worried

C.shyD.confident

5.Howdidtheauthorreachthehens?

A.Bysearchingforthewhitebucket.

B.Bywearingprotectiveclothes.

C.Byfollowingthesoundofthehens.

D.Byshoutingatthehenhouse.

6.Fromthestory,weknowthat.

A.theauthor'schildrenlikeddragonslayers

B.thechildrenwatchedtheirmotheralltheway

C.theauthorstruggledtobeahero

D.theauthorenjoyedherselfinthesnow

7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WeatherintheExtreme

B.HensinTrouble

C.KindnessinNeed

D.HerointheSnow

C

Everyyear,countlessindividualsareimpactedbycancer.Ourgoalistowalkawayfromcanceraswegive

strengthtothosefightingthislife-threateningdisease.WalkCancerAwayinviteseveryonetoparticipateinour

annualfamily-friendlywalkeventandjointogethertosharethestrongwillpowerfoundinsideeachofuswith

thosearoundus.Witheachstepwetake>witheachstoryshared,andwitheachdonationmade,weareonestep

closertofindingacure.Todate,wehaveraisedover$700,000forDr.NancyKeneny'sColorectal（結(jié)腸直腸的）

ResearchFundatMemorialSloganKetteringCancerCcnter（MSKCC）,togetherwiththousandsofpeople

supportingthiscauseoverthelast12yearswearecommittedto.

WalkCancerAwaybeganasawalkinhonorofJamesN.Rentas.Deeplyinfluencedbyhislossdueto

colorectalcancer,theRentasfamilycametogether12yearsagotohelpotherswhoaresufferingthe

diseasc.Dr.NancyKemenyatMemorialSloganKetteringCancerCenter,whowasthedoctortreatingJames

N.Rentas,mirrorsthatsamegoal.HereffortsandthatofherteamatMSKCCarefocusedonresearchingto

overcomethediseaseandfindacure.

Together,theyhavemadegreatachievementsovertheyearsandhaveprovidedyearsoflifeforthosewho

faceadversity.Inmanycases,theircontinuedeffortshaveledtofullremissionofthecancerinpatients.Withthe

deepestgratitudewearethankfultoallthosewhosupportandparticipateintheeventeachyear,becausewithout

youthiswouldnotbepossible.

AlthoughWalkCancerAwaystartedjust12yearsago,weareforeverhonoredtobeabletojoininthisevent

thatsomanyofusfindsoclosetoourhearts.Weaskyou,yourfamily,andyourfriendstojoininthisyear'sWalk

CancerAwayEvent.

8.WhatdocsWalkCancerAwayintendtodo?

A.Tbcontactthosesufferingfromcancer.

B.Tbshareexperiencesfromcancervictims.

C.Togivemoneytocancerpatients*family.

D.Tofindawaytodefeatcanceratlength.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesN.RentasaccordingtoPara.2?

A.Hediedofcancer.

B.Hegaveawayhisfortune.

C.Hedidresearchoncancer.

D.HefoundedWalkAwayCancer.

10.Dr.NancyandherteamatMSKCChaveprovidedyearsoflifeforthosefacing.

A.anunfavorablesituationfromnature

B.aseriousdiseasehardtocure

C.alossofafamilymember

D.anunpleasanttreatment

11.Whydoestheauthormakethisspeech?

A.lbintroducethehistoryofanevent.

B.Tbraisemoneyforcancerresearch.

C.lbcallonpeopletojoinintheactivity.

D.lbexpressthankstoallthepeopletakingpart.

D

Somethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicines,sayUK

researchers.

Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthan

codeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.

TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadto

moreeffectivecoughtreatment.Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmfill（有害的）itcanhaveamajoreffecton

thequalityoflife,andthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem,“saidProfessorPeter

Bames.

Tenhealthyvolunteers（志愿者）weregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,

duringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchers

thenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin,whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthe

medicinearestoppingcoughs.

Theteamfoundthat,whenthevolunteersweregiventheobromine,thecapsaicinneedtoproduceacoughwas

aroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigher

leversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.

Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownanerveactivity（神經(jīng)活動(dòng)），whichcause

coughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatments,theobrominecausednosideeffectssuchas

sleepiness.

12.WhatisthefunctionoftheobromineaccordingtoProfessorBames?

A.Itcannotbeaseffectiveascodeine

B.Itcanbeharmfultopeople'shealth

C.Itcannotbeseparatedfromchocolate

D.Itcanbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs

13.Whatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing?

A.Theobromine.B.Codeine.C.Capsaicin.D.Placebo.

14.Welearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperiment.

A.werepatientswithbadcoughs

B.weredividedintothethreegroups

C.receivedstandardtreatments

D.sufferedlittlesideeffects

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Codeine:ANewMedicineB.ChocolateMayCureCoughs

C.CoughTreatment:AHardCaseD.TheobromineCanCauseCoughs

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）

根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Fightsatschoolhavebecomeanincreasinglyfamiliarsightfbrchildren.Ybushouldknowwhattodoifyou

areinafight,orseeafightatschool16

Youshouldtrytogetawayifyoucan.Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntoward

thepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay“stop"beforewalkingaway.17Ifthe

persondoesn'tstop,cryfbrhelpbycallingoutthenameofateacherwhoseofficeisnearby.

18Insomeschoolareas,everyoneinvolvedinafightcanbepunished,nomatterwhostartedit.

Whatshouldyoudoifyouseeafight?Youmustn'tjumpintobreakupafightorhelpafriend.Ifyouget

involvedinafight,youmaysufferinjuriesandpunishment.19It^agoodchoicetofindanadultorcall

thepolice.Shoutloudlytobreakupthefightorwarnthatanadultiscoming.

20Itonlyprovidestemporary（臨時(shí)的）relieffortheattackerandcausesmoretrouble.Ifyou

arcconcernedaboutfightsatschool,thebestthingyoucandoistalktoanadultwhowilllistenandtakeaction.

A.Violenceneversolvesproblems.

B.Ybushouldsupportonesideforgoodreason.

C.1hereareatewwaystoryoutoprotectyourself.

D.Theattackerusuallystopswhenyou'rerunningfast.

E.Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.

F.Youcandosomethingifafightbreaksoutatschool.

GFighting,eveninself-protection,shouldalwaysbealastchoice

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

AscarynewvirussweptovertheglobeandthevirusknockedonmydoorafewweeksagowhenIwas21

attheclinicwhereIwork.Fivedayslater,IgotthefirstcallfromPublicHealth22meknowIwasthought

“l(fā)owrisk,“l(fā)uckily,Icouldself^monitorandcarryonasusual.Whata23!

ButthenIgotthesecondcallItcamefromPublicHealthrevisingmycategoryto“exclusion”一a24

technicalwayofsayingself-isolation,Ifeltthatmy25hadbeenturnedupsidedown.Everythingtooka_

26myfamily,theclinicanditspatients,myincome.DidPublicHealth27maketherightdecision?

After28thenewstomyfamily,Iwasgreetedwithloveandencouragement.ItwasthenthatIliftedthe

weight29mysoul.

SoIpickedout30clothesfrommycloset,grabbedessentialitemsandmovedtothebasement.I

piecedtogetheradesktoworkonandIwouldonlyseemyfamilywhenIwent31toeatmeals.32

meals,Isatatthefarendofthediningtable,atleasttwometersaway.Andmyownfamilywas33alhome

asmuchaspossible.Inthebasement,Iusedtheisolationasarareopportunityto34manyprojectsthatI

hadn'thadtimefor.

Ihadnodoubtthatthiscrisiswillend,asallthecriseshappenedbefore.Anditwasourchoiceon35

itbroughtoutgoodorbadresults.

21.A.exposedB.operatedC.movedD.stayed

22.A.allowingB.informingC.lettingD.telling

23.A.reliefB.joyC.confusionD.coincidence

24.A.littleB.lessC.fewD.more

25.A.workB.clinicC.familyD.life

26.A.shotB.hitC.chanceD.form

27.A.partlyB.slowlyC.reallyD.fortunately

28.A.havingB.breakingC.sharingD.hearing

29.A.inB.aboveC.offD.on

30.A.formalB.expensiveC.wonderfulD.spare

31.A.downstairsB.upstairsC.outwardsD.inwards

32.A.OverB.OnC.AfterD.Before

33.A.sleepingB.meetingC.workingD.staying

34.A.workonB.dependonC.liveonD.puton

35.A.whatB.whetherC.howD.why

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Ihaven'tseenMrJenkinssinceIleftschool,butIoftenthinkabouthim.Iwasn'tverygood36.

mostschoolsubjectsbeforeImetMrJenkins.IsupposeIwasabitlazy,especiallyinmaths.TheonlythingIcould

rememberfromschoolmathswas37theanglesofatriangleaddupto180degrees!ButwhenIwas

15andwentintoMrJenkins'class,Ireallybecame38(excite)inasubjectforthefirsttime.

BeforeMrJenkinstaughtme39(wise),sciencehadbeenasubjectfullofstrangewordstome.

Ihadnoideawhathydrogenwas,andIdidn'treallywanttoknow,either.Ifounditallso40

(bore)anddifficult.ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heusedtoexplainthingswhichseemeddifficult

withlotsofpractical41(example)andinsimplelanguage.Oneday,hetookusoutsideandwe

42(build)arocket!Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket,andthenanother

studentlit43matchtosetitoff.Itwasgreatfun.

IknowthatIwantedtoleaveagood44(impress),andIwasn'tslowtolearnnewthings.The

problemwasthatIlacked45(confident)inmyself.MrJenkinsmademefeelthatIhadmyown

strengths.

第三部分寫(xiě)作

第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分15分）

假如你叫李華，高中一年級(jí)的新生，請(qǐng)你制定一個(gè)周末的活動(dòng)計(jì)劃，并用英語(yǔ)給你的英國(guó)筆友Alan寫(xiě)

一封電子郵件，說(shuō)明你的活動(dòng)安排。

主要活動(dòng)內(nèi)容包括：

1.上午在家讀書(shū)；下午與家人和朋友外出活動(dòng)。

2.到朋友家附近的公園撿垃圾。

3.你對(duì)本次活動(dòng)的期待。

注意：

1.郵件字?jǐn)?shù)：80詞左右。

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫，但郵件中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、地名。

3.郵件的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給擊，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearAlan,

I'mgoingtoenjoymyselfduringthecomingweekend.

Yours,

LiHua.

初升高銜接教材單元分層必練01（解析版）

英語(yǔ)

筆試部分

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Belowyouwillfindaprofileofeachgapyearprogramme.Ifthereisaspecificprogrammeyouareinterested

inoraquestionyouhaveregardingtheseprogrammes,pleasefeelfreetocontactthemdirectly.

YouthInternational

Since1997,YouthInternationalhasbeenprovidingmanypeoplewiththemostexcitingandeducational

experienceoftheirlife.Itisalearningprogramme(hatcombinesinternationaltravel,inter-culturalexchange,home

stays,volunteercommunityserviceworkandoutdooradventures.

Phone:720-270-3323

CarpeDiemEducation

Throughvolunteerservice,travelandculturalexchange,studentsofCarpeDiemEducationreceiveapersonal

insightintothemselvesandtheircultures.Wespecializeinguidingsummerandsemesterprogrammesforhigh

schoolstudents.Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,who

returnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.

Phone:503-285-1800

CentreforInterimProgrammes

Foundedin1980,CentreforInterimProgrammesisthefirstindependentgap-yearorganisationinAmerica.

Basedonstudents'interestsandbudget,ourexperiencedteachershelpmakeindividualcoursechoicesincluding

low-costvolunteeroptions,languageprogrammes,researchtrips,andsoon.Wearecommittedtohelpingstudents

findmoreexperiencesofformaleducationandwork.

Phone:413-585-0980

EFGapYear

EFGapYearoffersstudentstheabilityEOexploreseveralcountrieswhereyouwillleamalanguage,volunteer

foragoodcause,andgaininternationalworkexperience.Choosebetweena12-wccksemesteranda26-wcek

academicyear.Youcanthenpersonalizeyourprogrammetomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterestsbydeciding

where,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.Ourwell-structuredcurriculumevenallowsyoutoplaceout

oicollege-levelclassesandearnadvancedcreditstowardsgraduation.

Phone:800-726-9746

1.Whichphonenumbercanyoudialifyouwanttoimproveyourleadership?

A.720-270-3323.

B.503-285-1800.

C.413-585-0980.

D.800-726-9746.

2.WhalisEFGapYear'suniquefeature?

A.Itsreasonablefee.

B.Itsexperiencedteachers.

C.Itspersonalizedprogramme.

D.Itsdiversecurriculumchoices.

3.Whatdothefourprogrammeshaveincommon?

A.Theypayattentiontovolunteerservicework.

B.Theycombineeducationwithhomestays.

C.Theymainlyoffercross-culturaleducation.

D.Theyraisestudents'interestinadventures.

B

Itwasacoldwinter.Thewindblewallnightandthesnowwasblinding.Whenthemorningcame,mythree

childrenandIgotupandmadeourwaytothewindows.Aswelookedoutofthewindow,wesawthatthehen

housewasgone.Ourthreehenshadbeenblownaway.

Ilookedattheemptinessoutside.ThenIsawallthreechickenssittingaroundtheedgeofawhitebucket.How

wasthisviolentwindnotblowingthemintothefieldbeyond?Iquicklypulledonmyhusband'slongsnowpants

andheavywintercoat,wrappedascarfandstuckmyfeetintoverylargeboots.

Ishoutedatthewindasitblew.Iwasalone,exceptmychildren.Theystaredoutofthewindowintothevast

whiteseaofsnowandtheireyespeeledforanysignofmovement.OutsideIheardthesoundofmybootsasI

walkedagainstthewind.

Thesnowcirclingaroundme,Isteadilymademywaytothesoftcluck-cluck-clucksoundmyhensalways

made.WhenIreachedthem,Isawthattheirlittlefeetwereholdingontotheedgeofthebucket,headsbentforward

andawayfromthewind.Igentlyliftedeachhenandputitcarefullyintothewarminside.ThenIbeganthe

freezingwalkbacktothesmallsheddirectlybehindourhouse.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloor,and

theybegantoclucksoftly.

AsIshutthesheddoors,myeyeswentdirectlytothewindowwheremychildrenwerewatching.They

jumpedupanddowncheering,andsodidI!Iwasn'tsomedragonslayer（屠殺者）fromafairytale.Iwassimplya

mom?butthelookonmychildren'sfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasaheromom.

4.Seeingallthreechickenssittingaroundthebucket,theauthorfelt.

A.incredibleB.worried

C.shyD.confident

5.Howdidtheauthorreachthehens?

A.Bysearchingforthewhitebucket.

B.Bywearingprotectiveclothes.

C.Byfollowingthesoundofthehens.

D.Byshoutingatthehenhouse.

6.Fromthestory>weknowthat.

A.theauthor'schildrenlikeddragonslayers

B.thechildrenwatchedtheirmotheralltheway

C.theauthorstruggledtobeahero

D.theauthorenjoyedherselfinthesnow

7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WeatherintheExtreme

B.HensinTrouble

C.KindnessinNeed

D.HerointheSnow

C

Everyyear,countlessindividualsareimpactedbycancer.Ourgoalistowalkawayfromcanceraswegive

strengthtothosefightingthislife-threateningdisease.WalkCancerAwayinviteseveryonetoparticipateinour

annualfamily-friendlywalkeventandjointogethertosharethestrongwillpowerfoundinsideeachofuswith

thosearoundus.Witheachstepwetake,witheachstoryshared?andwitheachdonationmade,weareonestep

closertofindingacure.Todate,wehaveraisedover$700,000forDr.NancyKeneny'sColorectal(結(jié)腸宜腸的)

ResearchFundatMemorialSloganKetteringCancerCenter(MSKCC),togetherwiththousandsofpeople

supportingthiscauseoverthelast12yearswearecommittedto.

WalkCancerAwaybeganasawalkinhonorofJamesN.Rentas.Deeplyinfluencedbyhislossdueto

colorectalcancer,theRentasfamilycametogether)2yearsagotohelpotherswhoaresufferingthe

disease.Dr.NancyKemenyatMemorialSloganKetteringCancerCenter,whowasthedoctortreatingJames

N.Rentas,mirrorsthatsamegoal.HereffortsandthatofherteamatMSKCCarefocusedonresearchingto

overcomethediseaseandfindacure.

Together,theyhavemadegreatachievementsovertheyearsandhaveprovidedyearsoflifefbrthosewho

faceadversity.Inmanycases,theircontinuedeffortshaveledtofullremissionofthecancerinpatients.Withthe

deepestgratitudewearethankfultoallthosewhosupportandparticipateintheeventeachyear,becausewithout

youthiswouldnotbepossible.

AlthoughWalkCancerAwaystartedjust12yearsago,wearcforeverhonoredtobeabletojoininthisevent

thatsomanyofusfindsoclosetoourhearts.Weaskyou,yourfamily,andyourfriendstojoininthisyear'sWalk

CancerAwayEvent.

8.WhatdoesWalkCancerAwayintendtodo?

A.lbcontactthosesufferingfromcancer.

B.Toshareexperiencesfromcancervictims.

C.Tbgivemoneytocancerpatients*family.

D.Tbfindawaytodefeatcanceratlength.

9.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesN.RentasaccordingtoPara.2?

A.Hediedofcancer.

B.Hegaveawayhisfortune.

C.Hedidresearchoncancer.

D.HefoundedWalkAwayCancer.

10.Dr.NancyandherteamatMSKCChaveprovidedyearsoflifeforthosefacing.

A.anunfavorablesituationfromnature

B.aseriousdiseasehardtocure

C.alossofafamilymember

D.anunpleasanttreatment

11.Whydoestheauthormakethisspeech?

A.Tbintroducethehistoryofanevent.

B.lbraisemoneyforcancerresearch.

C.Tocallonpeopletojoinintheactivity.

D.Tbexpressthankstoallthepeopletakingpart.

D

Somethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicines,sayUK

researchers.

Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthan

codeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.

TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadto

moreeftectivecoughtreatment."Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful（有害的）itcanhaveamajoreffecton

thequalityoflife,andthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem,“saidProfessorPeter

Barnes.

Tenhealthyvolunteers（志愿者）weregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,

duringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchers

thenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin,whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthe

medicinearesloppingcoughs.

Theteamfoundthat,whenthevolunteersweregiventheobromine,thecapsaicinneedtoproduceacoughwas

aroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigher

leversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.

Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownanerveactivity（神經(jīng)活動(dòng)），whichcause

coughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatments,theobrominecausednosideeffectssuchas

sleepiness.

12.WhatisthefunctionoftheobromineaccordingtoProfessorBarnes?

A.Itcannotbeaseffectiveascodeine

B.Itcanbeharmfultopeople'shealth

C.Itcannotbeseparatedfromchocolate

D.Itcanbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs

13.Whatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing?

A.Theobromine.B.Codeine.C.Capsaicin.D.Placebo.

14.Welearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperiment.

A.werepatientswithbadcoughs

B.weredividedintothethreegroups

C.receivedstandardtreatments

D.sufferedlittlesideeffects

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Codeine:ANewMedicineB.ChocolateMayCureCoughs

C.CoughTreatment:AHardCase