北京市密云區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題 附解析

北京市密云區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試高一英語試卷考生須知：1.本試卷分卷Ⅰ(70分)，卷Ⅱ(30分)，共8頁，100分。2.本試卷考試時(shí)間90分鐘。3.考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域按要求作答，客觀題請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆，主觀題請(qǐng)用黑色簽字筆，在試卷上作答無效。第Ⅰ卷(共70分)第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，共30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。EversinceIwasveryyoung,afraidofmakingmistakes,I’veaskedcountlesstimes“WhatshouldIdo?”However,duringmyhighschoolyears,I___1___.MaybeitwaswhenIdecidedtotryfortheleadinBeautyandtheBeast.Iwouldhavetomemorizelinesandmovements,butItookthechancethatImightfail.Onthedayofpractice,myheartwaspounding;myhandswere___2___badlywhenIgotuptosing.ButwhenIopenedmymouth,thesoundwasloudand___3___.Ireachedforthehighnotesthatsometimeswerebeyondmyreach,whichmademevery___4___.IwastryingtodomybesteventhoughImightfail.IrealisedthatifIwantedtolivelifetothefullest,Ihadtotake___5___.Now,Idotakethesechances,withbabystepseveryday,voicingmyopinionsinclassdiscussionsordebatesandridingmybikeforexercise.Threeyearsago,IbrokemybackwhenIfellfrommybike.The___6___stoppedmefromtryingoutforbasketball.ButIdidn’tgiveup.Thefirstdaymydoctor___7___metodoanyphysicalactivity,Istartedrunningwithmymom.Nostop-watches.Nocheeringcrowds.Ididn’tmakethebasketballteam,butIdidn’tfail,either.Ihavefinallylearnedto___8___myself,liketakingatoughsciencecourse.AndIhavecometorealisethateventhoughmyparents,friendsandteachersdon’talwayshavethe___9___to“WhatshouldIdo?”,theywillbethereto____10____mewhenItry.1.A.survived B.learned C.quitted D.changed2.A.hurting B.shaking C.suffering D.struggling3.A.powerful B.gentle C.weak D.distant4.A.nervous B.panic C.delighted D.worried5.A.chances B.turns C.notes D.sides6.A.event B.injury C.disease D.experience7.A.refused B.promised C.allowed D.forced8.A.help B.enjoy C.push D.save9.A.way B.answer C.access D.attitude10.A.teach B.watch C.forgive D.support【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.B10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者高中時(shí)不再害怕犯錯(cuò)，勇于冒險(xiǎn)和嘗試，而父母和老師也支持作者?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在我的高中時(shí)代，我改變了。A.survived幸存；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.quitted停止；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“Iwouldhavetomemorizelinesandmovements,butItookthechancethatImightfail.(我得背臺(tái)詞和動(dòng)作，但我冒著可能會(huì)失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，作者勇于嘗試，有了改變。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：練習(xí)那天，我的心怦怦直跳；當(dāng)我站起來唱歌時(shí)，我的手抖得厲害。A.hurting傷害；B.shaking顫抖；C.suffering遭受；D.struggling掙扎。根據(jù)上文“myhandswere”指手顫抖，應(yīng)用shake。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我張開嘴時(shí)，聲音又大又有力。A.powerful強(qiáng)大的，有力的；B.gentle溫和的；C.weak虛弱的；D.distant遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)上文“thesoundwasloudand”可知，指聲音又大又有力。故選A。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我努力去唱高音，但有時(shí)我唱不到，這讓我很擔(dān)心。A.nervous緊張的；B.panic恐慌的；C.delighted高興的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)上文“Ireachedforthehighnotesthatsometimeswerebeyondmyreach”指對(duì)于唱不上去高音感到擔(dān)憂。故選D。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識(shí)到，如果我想要充實(shí)地生活，我就必須冒險(xiǎn)。A.chances機(jī)會(huì)；B.turns轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.notes筆記；D.sides邊。呼應(yīng)上文“Itookthechance”為短語takechances表示“冒險(xiǎn)”。故選A。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次受傷使我無法參加籃球選拔。A.event事件；B.injury受傷；C.disease疾病；D.experience經(jīng)歷。呼應(yīng)上文“Ibrokemyback”指作者受傷無法參加選拔。故選B。7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生允許我做任何體育活動(dòng)的第一天，我就開始和媽媽一起跑步。A.refused拒絕；B.promised承諾；C.allowed允許；D.forced迫使。根據(jù)后文“metodoanyphysicalactivity”可知，醫(yī)生允許作者參加體育活動(dòng)。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我終于學(xué)會(huì)了鞭策自己，就像學(xué)習(xí)一門艱難的科學(xué)課程一樣。A.help幫助；B.enjoy欣賞；C.push推；D.save拯救。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)iketakingatoughsciencecourse”指鞭策自己，pushoneself表示“鞭策自己”。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始意識(shí)到，即使我的父母、朋友和老師并不總是能回答我“我該做什么?”，當(dāng)我嘗試的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)支持我。A.way方法；B.answer回答；C.access進(jìn)入；D.attitude態(tài)度。根據(jù)后文“to“WhatshouldIdo?””指問題的答案，應(yīng)用answer。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始意識(shí)到，即使我的父母、朋友和老師并不總是能回答我“我該做什么？”，當(dāng)我嘗試的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)支持我。A.teach教學(xué)；B.watch觀看；C.forgive原諒；D.support支持。根據(jù)后文“mewhenItry”以及上文媽媽和作者一起跑步，可知是支持作者嘗試。故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Onestudy____11____(show)thatthemediacanplayanimportantroleinbuildinganimageofamodernperson.Somepeopleareso____12____(interest)ina“perfect”imageinthemediathattheytrytheirbesttobecomeasgoodasthat“perfect”image.Actually,thatisnotnecessary.Thetruthisthatthose____13____thinkthemselveslessattractiveshouldpaymoreattentiontobooksratherthanlooks.【答案】11.shows12.interested13.who##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明，媒體在塑造現(xiàn)代人的形象方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。有些人對(duì)媒體上的“完美”形象如此感興趣，以至于他們盡最大努力讓自己變得和那個(gè)“完美”形象一樣好。實(shí)際上，這是不必要的。事實(shí)是，那些認(rèn)為自己沒有魅力的人應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注書籍，而不是外表?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一項(xiàng)研究表明，媒體在塑造現(xiàn)代人的形象方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為study，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填shows?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：有些人對(duì)媒體上的“完美”形象如此感興趣，以至于他們盡最大努力讓自己變得和那個(gè)“完美”形象一樣好。作表語，且主語為人，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞interested。故填interested?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：事實(shí)是，那些認(rèn)為自己沒有魅力的人應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注書籍，而不是外表。定語從句修飾先行詞those，從句缺少主語，指人，故用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)。故填who/that。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Someforeignpeoplewanttoknow____14____ZhangGuimeiisarolemodel.Shehascommittedherlifetoimprovinggirls’educationinaremote,mountainousregioninYunnanProvincebystartingChina’sfirstfreehighschoolforfemalestudents.Herstory____15____(write)intoabook—BriefHistoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinalastyear.Itdescribedherasamoralmodelwhousedloveandwisdomtohelpthousandsofrural____16____(girl)realizetheirdreams.Millionsofpeopleweremovedbyherstory.【答案】14.why15.waswritten16.girls【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了張桂梅成為道德模范的原因?！?4題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：一些外國人想知道為什么張桂梅是一個(gè)榜樣。分析句子成分可知，從句謂語謂語動(dòng)詞wanttoknow后，故為賓語從句；從句不缺主、賓、表語，故需要填連接副詞；結(jié)合后文“Shehascommittedherlifetoimprovinggirls’educationinaremote,mountainousregioninYunnanProvincebystartingChina’sfirstfreehighschoolforfemalestudents.(她一生致力于改善云南省偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)女孩的教育，創(chuàng)辦了中國第一所免費(fèi)女高中。)”可知，后文是在說明張桂梅成為榜樣的原因，所以應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填why。【15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：它將她描述為用愛和智慧幫助成千上萬農(nóng)村女孩實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的道德模范。分析句子成分，主語為Herstory“她的故事”為單數(shù)，和謂語動(dòng)詞write“寫”為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；結(jié)合后文“Itdescribedherasamoralmodel”中動(dòng)詞described為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去。故填waswritten。【16題詳解】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它將她描述為用愛和智慧幫助成千上萬農(nóng)村女孩實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的道德模范。根據(jù)空前有thousandsof可知，空處名詞需要填可數(shù)名詞girl的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填girls。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Runningisvery____17____(relax)andbeneficial.Itisagreatsportforbeginners.Youdonotneedanyspecialequipment.Justagoodpairofrunningshoeswilldo.Runninghelpsyougetfitandpreventsyou____18____diseases.Itwillgiveyougoodupperandlowerbodystrength.Itmakesyourheart____19____(strong)thanbeforeandallowsmorebloodtoflowaroundyourbody.Italsostrengthensyourimmunesystem.Besides,anybodywhoisfeelingdowncangoforarun____20____(cheer)themselvesup.【答案】17.relaxing18.from19.stronger20.tocheer【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了跑步的好處。【17題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：跑步是非常放松和有益的。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，主語是物，應(yīng)用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞relaxing，表示“令人放松的”，故填relaxing。【18題詳解】考查介詞。句意：跑步可以幫助你保持健康，預(yù)防疾病。preventsb.from(doing)sth.是固定搭配，表示“阻止某人（做）/發(fā)生某事”，故填from。【19題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：它使你的心臟比以前更強(qiáng)壯，并允許更多的血液在你的身體周圍流動(dòng)。由than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞strong的比較級(jí)stronger作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示“更強(qiáng)壯的”，故填stronger?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：此外，任何情緒低落的人都可以去跑步，讓自己振作起來。此處應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語，故填tocheer。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，共32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourFreeMobileAppstoHelpYouLearnEnglishFasterHaveyourealizedthatyoucanputyoursmartphonetoreallygooduseforlearningEnglish?Herearefourfreemobileappsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.DuolingoIfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromABC,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.DuolingouseseducationalgamestohelpyoulearnEnglish.Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.HelloEnglishItcoversallthesidesoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,translation,grammar,spellings,spokenandreadingskills.ItuseseducationalgamestoteachdifferentEnglishlessonsandoffersnewvideobooks,latestnews,andbooks.However,youshouldalreadyunderstandsimpleEnglishsentencesandalphabets(字母表),fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromABC.LingbeIfyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsintherealworld,you’llneedLingbe.It’sacommunity-basedappwherepeoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.ItconnectsyouwithrealpeopleoncallwhoarenativeEnglishspeakers.HelloTalkHelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.However,itaddsafewextrafunctionsthatmightinterestyou.Youcanviewtheinformationaboutuserstofindamatchthatinterestsyou.Additionally,youcanalsosendtextandaudiomessages,andevenmakecallswithotherpeople.Whetheryouareabeginnerorafluentlearner,youcanfindyourfavoriteapp.Whynottakeactionnow!21.WhichappisthebestchoiceforanEnglishbeginneratfirst?A.Duolingo. B.Lingbe. C.HelloTalk. D.HelloEnglish.22.WhatshouldyoualreadyunderstandtouseHelloEnglish?A.Goodreadingandwritingskills. B.Basiclisteningandspeakingtips.C.Englishlettersandsimplesentences. D.DifferentEnglishlessonsandbooks.23.IfyouareafluentspokenEnglishlearner,whichappscanyoutry?A.HelloEnglishandDuolingo. B.HelloEnglishandHelloTalk.C.LingbeandDuolingo. D.LingbeandHelloTalk.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四款幫助你快速學(xué)習(xí)英語的應(yīng)用軟件?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Duolingo(多鄰國)”部分中的“IfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromABC,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.(如果你想從ABC開始學(xué)習(xí)英語，那么這就是你要找的應(yīng)用程序。)”可知，如果你要從零開始學(xué)習(xí)英語，Duolingo是最佳選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HelloEnglish(你好英語)”部分最后一句“However,youshouldalreadyunderstandsimpleEnglishsentencesandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromABC.(但是，你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)理解簡(jiǎn)單的英語句子和字母表，因?yàn)閼?yīng)用程序不能幫助你從ABC學(xué)習(xí)英語。)”可知，你要想使用HelloEnglish，你需要有基本的英語結(jié)構(gòu)和字母為基礎(chǔ)，因?yàn)镠elloEnglish不是從零開始的課程。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Lingbe”部分中的“Ifyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsintherealworld,you’llneedLingbe.(如果你準(zhǔn)備在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中練習(xí)口語技能，你需要Lingbe。)”和文章“HelloTalk(好聊)”部分中的“HelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.(HelloTalk類似于Lingbe，它將您與母語人士聯(lián)系起來，幫助您提高語言技能。)”可知，這兩個(gè)APP旨在提高口語技能，對(duì)于英語水平要求較高。由此可以推測(cè)出，如果英語口語流利的人想學(xué)英語，可以嘗試HelloTalk和Lingbe這兩個(gè)軟件。故選D項(xiàng)。BChinesesprinterSuBingtianmadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobeawrongviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.“Ineverthoughtwecouldn’tdoit,butthereweresomeproblemswithourunderstandingoftrainingbefore.Nowwecandoitbyfinishingat9.83seconds.That’sthebestprooftobeatsuchwrongview,”saidSutoChinaNewsService(CNS).Subelievesscientifictrainingplaysakeyroleinhissuccess.“Irealizethatrunningasmuchaspossibledoesnotnecessarilyhelpyourunfaster.Scientifictrainingattachesmoreimportancetotheapplyingoftechniquesandrequiresyoutodoitrightinsteadofdoingitalot.Inthatway,athletescansavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster,”saidSu.AccordingtoSu,hedidnotunderstandsomeofthemovescoachesaskedhimtodowhenhewenttotrainabroadatthebeginning.HiscoachmadedetailedresearchonSu’sconditionbasedon“championmodel”fromthestartbeforearrangingspecifictrainingsessionsforSutoworkon.Ittookhimyearstorealizetheimportanceofscientifictraining."That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andgainedanewrunningpace.Anditplayedakeyroleintheprocessofmakingbreakthrough,saidSu.Whenaskediftherewillbeanother“SuBingtian”inthefuture,Su’sanswerwas“Yes,100percent.”“PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingtheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken,”saidSu.24.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatwastheimportantmeaningofSu’sachievement?A.ItbeattheunfairviewaboutAsiansprinter.B.ItprovedthatSuBingtianisthebestsprinterinAsia.C.Itshowedourunderstandingoftrainingshouldnotbechanged.D.IttoldpeopleAsiansprintersarebetterthanthosefromwesterncountries.25.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThedeterminationSuhadtobeachampion.B.ThedifficultySuovercamewhenhedidtraining.C.ThereasonwhySuusedscientifictrainingmethods.D.TheresultofSu’sapplyingsomenewtrainingmethods.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Suwantedtobreakmorerecordsinthefuture.B.Suhopedthatsomeonewoulddobetterthanhim.C.Suthoughtthatpeoplewoulddothesameashedid.D.Subelievedthatnobodycoulddowhathehaddone.27.WhatqualitiesdoesSuhaveaccordingtothispassage?A.Determinedandhonest. B.Hardworkingandconfident.C.Responsibleandclever. D.Outgoingandadaptable.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蘇炳添在冬奧會(huì)上短跑創(chuàng)造亞洲紀(jì)錄的事情，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了科學(xué)訓(xùn)練的重要性。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThereusedtobeawrongviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.(過去有一種錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，沒有一個(gè)亞洲短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員能在十秒內(nèi)跑完一百米。蘇炳添用他的表現(xiàn)證明了人們是錯(cuò)的。)”可知，蘇炳添的表現(xiàn)打破了以往對(duì)亞洲短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員的不公平的看法。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Scientifictrainingattachesmoreimportancetotheapplyingoftechniquesandrequiresyoutodoitrightinsteadofdoingitalot.Inthatway,athletescansavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster,(科學(xué)訓(xùn)練更注重技術(shù)的運(yùn)用，要求你做得對(duì)而不是做得多。這樣運(yùn)動(dòng)員就能在訓(xùn)練中節(jié)省更多的力量，恢復(fù)得也更快。)”可知，蘇炳添認(rèn)為科學(xué)訓(xùn)練對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的好處包括在訓(xùn)練中節(jié)省力量、恢復(fù)得更快；下文“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andgainedanewrunningpace.Anditplayedakeyroleintheprocessofmakingbreakthrough.(這就是為什么我在2014年底選擇改變我的跑步方式，并獲得了新的跑步速度。它在取得突破的過程中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。)”同樣也提到了采取科學(xué)訓(xùn)練的好處和意義。由此可見，本段旨在講解蘇炳添采用科學(xué)訓(xùn)練方法的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingtheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken.(我能做到的，將來的人肯定也能到。我期待看到他們比我做得更好。所有的記錄都會(huì)被打破。)”可知，蘇炳添認(rèn)為未來一定會(huì)有人比他做的更好，能夠打破他的記錄。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andgainedanewrunningpace.(這就是為什么我在2014年底選擇改變我的跑步方式，并獲得了新的跑步速度。)”可知，蘇炳添為了獲得成功訓(xùn)練時(shí)間極長，訓(xùn)練十分努力，即hardworking；根據(jù)文章第二段“Ineverthoughtwecouldn’tdoit,(我從來沒有想過我們做不到，)”可知，蘇炳添一直很相信自己，很相信亞洲人的短跑水平，所以蘇炳添很自信，即confident。故選B項(xiàng)。CWangMengshu,anexpertattheChineseAcademyofEngineering,saidatagroupdiscussionoftheannualsessionoftheNationalPeople’sCongressthatWiFishouldnotbeprovidedonhigh-speedtrains,asitmightharmcommunicationsignals(信號(hào))oftrainsandwouldalsocostalotinkeepingtrainsingoodcondition.Healsoencouragedpassengerstoenjoytheviews,insteadoffixingtheireyesonthetinyscreensofsmartphonesandlaptops.However,BeijingYouthDailysaiditshouldbemarketdemandthatdecideswhethertheWiFiisofferedonthetrainsornot.Anincreasingnumberofpeople,especiallyyoungwhite-collarworkers,areaddictedtotheirsmartphonesratherthanface-to-facecommunications,thankstotheextensiveWiFicoverageacrossthecountry.ThatjustifiesWang’sdisagreementtotheofferingofWiFionhigh-speedtrains,becausetheyshouldn’tdependonhigh-techdevices.ItisalsoobviousthatpassengersontrainswithoutfreeWiFiwillusetheirsmartphonesandothermobiledevicesless.However,whetherthetrainsshouldprovideafreeWiFiservicemainlydependsoncustomerdemand.Inotherwords,theChinaRailwayCorphastoobeyrelevantmarketrules,andprovidetechnologicallypossibleservicestopassengersifthatiswhattheywant.Itcannottumablindeyetocustomers’wants.FreeWiFi,infact,isalreadyofferedonalotofbusesandcoaches.Thisisanaturalresponsetotheircompetitionwithtrains(especiallyhigh-speedones),whicharesignificantlyfasterandsafer.Thebuscompanieshavebeenforcedtoimprovetheirservicestosurvive.Soitrequiresproperguidance,nottotal“no”ontheuse,tomakeupforthenegativeeffectsofhigh-endtechnologies,suchaspeople’sincreasingaddictiontosmartphones.28.WangMengshuthoughtWifishouldn’tbeofferedontherainbecauseitmay________.A.makethecommunicationsignalsharmfulB.causeahighcostinkeepingtrainsingoodconditionC.helppeopleenjoythebeautifulviewsthroughoutajourneyD.preventpassengersbeingaddictedtotheirsmartphonesandlaptops29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“justifies”inParagraph2mean?A.Givesanexplanation. B.Offersaresponse.C.Confirmsitincorrect. D.Provesitreasonable.30.ThepurposeofprovidingfreeWiFionmanybusesandcoachesisto________.A.competeformorepassengers B.helpdriversstayconcentratedC.preventpassengersfeelingbored D.encouragepassengerstousephones31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetosaying“no”tofreeWiFionthetrain?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Objective. D.Supportive.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了是否應(yīng)該在高鐵上等公共交通工具上提供WiFi這一問題。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WangMengshu,anexpertattheChineseAcademyofEngineering,saidatagroupdiscussionoftheannualsessionoftheNationalPeople’sCongressthatWiFishouldnotbeprovidedonhigh-speedtrains,asitmightharmcommunicationsignalsoftrainsandwouldalsocostalotinkeepingtrainsingoodcondition.(中國工程院專家王夢(mèng)恕在全國人民代表大會(huì)年度會(huì)議的小組討論中表示，不應(yīng)該在高鐵上提供WiFi，因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)損害列車的通信信號(hào)，而且在保持列車良好狀態(tài)方面也會(huì)花費(fèi)很多。)”可知，高鐵上提供WiFi會(huì)使得保持火車的狀態(tài)成本提高。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Anincreasingnumberofpeople,especiallyyoungwhite-collarworkers,areaddictedtotheirsmartphonesratherthanface-to-facecommunications,thankstotheextensiveWiFicoverageacrossthecountry.(由于全國廣泛的WiFi覆蓋，越來越多的人，尤其是年輕白領(lǐng)，沉迷于智能手機(jī)而不是面對(duì)面的交流。)”是王不同意高鐵上裝WiFi的原因之一，故后文“ThatjustifiesWang’sdisagreementtotheofferingofWiFionhigh-speedtrains,becausetheyshouldn’tdependonhigh-techdevices.(這也就把王不同意在高鐵上提供WiFi這一觀點(diǎn)justifies，因?yàn)楦哞F不應(yīng)該依賴高科技設(shè)備。)”應(yīng)該是對(duì)王的觀點(diǎn)表示同意，認(rèn)為王的觀點(diǎn)是合理的、有理有據(jù)的。D項(xiàng)“證明其合理”符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thebuscompanieshavebeenforcedtoimprovetheirservicestosurvive.(為了生存，公共汽車公司被迫改善服務(wù)。)”可知，公共汽車上提供WiFi是為了在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存下來。由此可以推測(cè)出，公共汽車上裝WiFi是為了吸引更多的顧客。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Soitrequiresproperguidance,nottotal“no”ontheuse,tomakeupforthenegativeeffectsofhigh-endtechnologies,suchaspeople’sincreasingaddictiontosmartphones.(因此，需要適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)，而不是完全不使用，以彌補(bǔ)高端技術(shù)的負(fù)面影響，比如人們?cè)絹碓匠撩杂谥悄苁謾C(jī)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該完全不使用，而是應(yīng)該適當(dāng)引導(dǎo)，不要沉迷于手機(jī)。由此可以推測(cè)出，作者的態(tài)度是客觀的、就事論事的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Confidenceisattheheartofeverysuccessfulpersonanditholdsthekeytosuccess.Regardlessofhowknowledgeableyouareinyourprofessionalfieldyoursuccesswillbelimitedifyoulackconfidence.Actually,confidenceisn’twhatyou’rebornwith,butsomethinglearnedovertime.____32____Knowyourself.Takealonglookinthemirrorandmakeanhonestandaccuratejudgementofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Continuetobuilduponyourstrengthsasthiswillincreaseyourconfidence.____33____Weallhaveareasinourprofessionalandpersonallivesthatneedtobeimproved.____34____Instead,itonlyholdsbackyoursuccessandkeepsyourconfidencelow.____35____Whetheryoulikeitornot,peoplemakejudgmentsaboutyoubaseduponhowyoudress.Youonlyhaveonechancetomakeagoodfirstimpression.Howyoudressdirectlyshowshowyoufeelaboutyourself.ResearchshowsthatyouwillfeeldifferentlyaboutyourselfifyouarewearingabusinesssuitorsweatpantsandaT-shirt.Therefore,behighlyawareofyourappearance.Dressinamannerthatreflectswhoyouare.Gostepbystep.Youcanincreaseyourconfidencebyseekingoutonenewchallengeatatime.____36____Moveontothenextonewhenonechallengeissuccessfullyachieved.Successbuildsuponitself,thereforesuccessbringssuccess—allfueledbyincreasedconfidence!A.Dressforsuccess.B.Putpressureonyourself.C.Forgettingthemdoesnotmakethemgoaway.D.Researchshowsconfidentpeoplealwaysseekoutnewchallenges.E.Meanwhile,takeaneffectivemethodtowardimprovingyourweaknesses.F.Thefollowingarethreekeytricksyoumaylearntoincreaseyourconfidence.G.Whatyouwearwillunintentionallyshowyourweaknessestothosearoundyou.【答案】32.F33.E34.C35.A36.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些建立自信的方法。【32題詳解】上文“Actually,confidenceisn’twhatyou’rebornwith,butsomethinglearnedovertime.(事實(shí)上，自信不是與生俱來的，而是后天習(xí)得的。)”提出觀點(diǎn)，表示自信是后天習(xí)得的；下文每段段首給出學(xué)會(huì)自信的方法。由此推出，空處承上啟下，需要對(duì)后文獲得自信的三種方式進(jìn)行基本的介紹。F項(xiàng)“下面是你可以學(xué)習(xí)的三個(gè)增加自信的關(guān)鍵技巧?！狈衔囊?。故選F項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】上文“Takealonglookinthemirrorandmakeanhonestandaccuratejudgementofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Continuetobuilduponyourstrengths,asthiswillincreaseyourconfidence.(好好照照鏡子，誠實(shí)準(zhǔn)確地判斷自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。繼續(xù)建立你的優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)檫@將增加你的信心。)”作者要求大家要準(zhǔn)確地判斷自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并講解了對(duì)于優(yōu)勢(shì)需要繼續(xù)保持，故后文是告訴大家如何應(yīng)對(duì)自己的缺點(diǎn)。E項(xiàng)“同時(shí)，采取有效的方法來改進(jìn)你的缺點(diǎn)?！狈衔囊猓襴eakness為原文復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】上文“Weallhaveareasinourprofessionalandpersonallivesthatneedtobeimproved.(在我們的職業(yè)和個(gè)人生活中，我們都有需要改進(jìn)的地方。)”繼續(xù)提及改進(jìn)缺點(diǎn)；下文“Instead,itonlyholdsbackyoursuccessandkeepsyourconfidencelow.(相反，它只會(huì)阻礙你的成功，降低你的信心。)”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，改進(jìn)缺點(diǎn)不會(huì)阻礙成功，由此推測(cè)空處應(yīng)該是在說如何應(yīng)對(duì)缺點(diǎn)反而會(huì)阻礙我們成功。C項(xiàng)“忘記它們并不會(huì)讓它們消失?！狈衔囊猓渲衪hem“它們”代指上文提到的“需要改進(jìn)的地方”，后文it代指“忘記它們”這件事。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】該空為本段主旨句。下文“Whetheryoulikeitornot,peoplemakejudgmentsaboutyoubaseduponhowyoudress.(不管你喜不喜歡，人們都是根據(jù)你的穿著來評(píng)價(jià)你的。)”提到關(guān)鍵詞dress“穿著”，故本段主旨句也應(yīng)該與“穿著”相關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“穿著對(duì)標(biāo)成功”符合段意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Youcanincreaseyourconfidencebyseekingoutonenewchallengeatatime.(你可以通過一次尋找一個(gè)新的挑戰(zhàn)來增加你的信心。)”和下文“Moveontothenextonewhenonechallengeissuccessfullyachieved.(成功完成一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)后繼續(xù)下一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。)”均提及關(guān)鍵詞challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”，空處承上啟下，也需要提及該關(guān)鍵詞。D項(xiàng)“研究表明自信的人總是尋求新的挑戰(zhàn)?！狈隙我?。故選D項(xiàng)。第三節(jié)(共4小題;第37、38題各1分，第39題2分，第40題4分，共8分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Thereisasaying,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.”Althougheatingproperlyisimportant,beingkindtoothersisalsogoodforyourhealth.Recentstudiesshowthatpeoplewhodokindactsaremorerelaxed,happier,andhealthierthanotherpeople.InonestudyatArizonaStateUniversity,researchersfoundthatmanyvolunteersexperiencedasuddenfeelingofjoy,followedbyalongperiodofcalmness,afterdoingakindact.Thisfeeling,called“ahelper’shigh”,mayactuallyhelpreducestressasthebodyproducesnaturalpainkillers.Stresscancauseserioushealthproblems.Itcanleadtohighbloodpressureandheartdiseaseanditcanalsoleadtoovereatingandsleepingproblems.However,thestudyfoundthatvolunteershadfewerstress-relatedhealthproblemswhentheydidhelpfulthingsforotherpeople.Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplewhodidnicethingsforothersfeltbetteraboutthemselvesaswell.Theyhadhigherself-respect,andwerehappier.Manybelievethisisbecausevolunteersspendmoreoftheirtimewithotherpeople.Peoplewhoaremoreoutgoingareoftenhealthier.AnotherstudyattheUniversityofMichigan’sSurveyResearchCenterconfirmedthehealthbenefitsofvolunteering.Aten-yearstudyof2,700meninMichiganshowedthatpeoplewhovolunteeredlivedlongerthanthosewhodidn’t.Althoughyoushouldn’tneedareasontobehelpful,itisnicetoknowthatkindnessmayhelpyoulivelonger.37.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatdorecentstudiesshow?__________________________________________________________38.Accordingtothepassage,whatserioushealthproblemscanstresscause?__________________________________________________________39.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Whenvolunteersdidhelpfulthingsforotherpeople,theyhadfewerstress-relatedhealthproblems,feltbetteraboutothersandrespectedothersmore.__________________________________________________________40.Besidesthebenefitsmentionedinthispassage,whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherbenefitsofvolunteering?Why?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________【答案】37.Recentstudiesshowthatthosewhoarereadytohelpothersarehappierandhealthier.38.Stresscannotonlyleadto/contributeto/causehighbloodpressureandheartdisease,butitalsorelatestoovereatingandsleepingproblems.39.Whenvolunteersdidhelpfulthingsforotherpeople,theyhadfewerstress-relatedhealthproblems,feltbetteraboutothersandrespectedothersmore.Becausethestudyalsofoundthatpeoplewillingtohelpothersoutfeltbetteraboutthemselvesanddevelophigherself-respect.40.Volunteeringbuildsupyoursocialskills.Whilevolunteering,youcanmeetpeopleofdifferentpersonalities.Youmustconstantlyadjustandupdateyoursocialskillstogettasksdone.Throughtheseexperiences,youcantrulyunderstandtohowtoworkwithanyone.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論證了善意行為對(duì)人們健康的好處?！?7題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Recentstudiesshowthatpeoplewhodokindactsaremorerelaxed,happier,andhealthierthanotherpeople.(近期的一些研究表明，樂善好施的人往往生活更愜意、更快樂并且更健康)”可知，經(jīng)常樂于助人的人生活更安樂，身體也更健康。故答案為Recentstudiesshowthatthosewhoarereadytohelpothersarehappierandhealthier.【38題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Itcanleadtohighbloodpressureandheartdisease,anditcanalsoleadtoovereatingandsleepingproblems.(壓力可能導(dǎo)致高血壓、心臟病。它是暴飲暴食和睡眠問題的誘因)”可知，壓力可能導(dǎo)致心臟病、高血壓，同時(shí)也會(huì)誘發(fā)過度肥胖及睡眠方面的亞健康狀態(tài)，故答案為Stresscannotonlyleadto/contributeto/causehighbloodpressureandheartdisease,butitalsorelatestoovereatingandsleepingproblems?！?9題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。Whenvolunteersdidhelpfulthingsforotherpeople,theyhadfewerstress-relatedhealthproblems,feltbetteraboutothersandrespectedothersmore.根據(jù)第四段“Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplewhodidnicethingsforothersfeltbetteraboutthemselvesaswell.Theyhadhigherself-respect,andwerehappier.(該項(xiàng)研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，樂于助人的人往往自我滿意度更高，而且自尊心更強(qiáng)，更健康)”可知，樂于助人的人通過志愿服務(wù)，能夠培養(yǎng)更健康的心理，向內(nèi)修行，更懂得自尊再愛，且自我感覺更好。故答案為Becausethestudyalsofoundthatpeoplewillingtohelpothersoutfeltbetteraboutthemselvesanddevelophigherself-respect?！?0題詳解】開放性試題。Volunteeringbuildsupyoursocialskills.Whilevolunteering,youcanmeetpeopleofdifferentpersonalities.Youmustconstantlyadjustandupdateyoursocialskillstogettasksdone.Throughtheseexperiences,youcantrulyunderstandtohowtoworkwithanyone.第Ⅱ卷(共30分)第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)(共10分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題0.5分，共2.5分)根據(jù)句意及所給單詞首字母和漢語提示拼寫出該單詞的正確形式。請(qǐng)將答案完整地書寫在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上。41.Thea________(目標(biāo))ofEarthDayistoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】aim##im【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：地球日的目的是提高公眾對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)。由漢語提示和首字母可知，此處“目標(biāo)”應(yīng)用名詞aim，作主語，且由系動(dòng)詞is可知，主語aim應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填aim。42.Beijingisthefirstcitytoh________(主辦)theSummerOlympicsandWinterOlympics.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】host##ost【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：北京是第一個(gè)同時(shí)舉辦夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)和冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的城市。名詞前city有序數(shù)詞thefirst修飾，需要填不定式作定語,根據(jù)首字母以及句意“主辦”，可知此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞host和空格前的to構(gòu)成不定式作名詞city的定語。故填host。43.Teachersmakeeffortstoi________(鼓勵(lì))allstudentstolistenat