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新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(上)[八種時(shí)態(tài)]

新概念一語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(上)

,般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行聞,一般艮去門,現(xiàn)隹完成時(shí).

一般將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

表示一般性,經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。

含有be動(dòng)詞的句子

Heisateacher.

Thegirlisverybeautiful.

TimandJackarestudents.

★變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首

Isheateacher?

Isthegirlverybeautiful?

AreTimandJackstudents?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not

Heisnotateacher.

Thegirlisnotverybeautiful.

TimandJackarenotstudents.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,heis.No,heisnot.

Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.

Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.

不含有動(dòng)詞的句子,即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子

第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞

Helikesbooks.

Shelikeshim.

Thedoglikesbones.

★變疑問(wèn)句在句首加does,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?/p>

Doeshelikebooks?

Doesshelikehim?

Doesthedoglikebones?

★變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加doesn't,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?/p>

Hedoesn'tlikebooks.

Shedoesn*tlikehim.

Thedogdoesn,tlikebones.

★肯定回答及否定回答:

Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn*t.

Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn't

Yes,itdoes.No,itdoesn*t.

注意:第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S,不要和名詞復(fù)數(shù)混淆,變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒(méi)有任何變化。

其他人稱及復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Iwanttohaveabath.

Wehavesomemeat.

Thestudentslikesmartteachers.

★變疑問(wèn)句在句首加do

Doyouwanttohaveabath?

Dowehaveanymeat?

Dothestudentslikesmartteachers?

★變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加don't.

Youdon'twanttohaveabath.

Wedon'thaveanymeat.

Thestudentsdon'tlikesmartteachers.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.

Yes,wedo.No,wedon't

Yes,theydo.No,theydon't.

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其它成分(現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成見(jiàn)附錄)

Wearehavinglunch.

Heisreadingabook.

Thedogisrunningafteracat.

Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.

★變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首

Arewehavinglunch?

Ishereadingabook?

Isthedogrunningafteracat?

Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not

Wearenothavinglunch.

Heisnotreadingabook.

Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.

Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:what,which,how,where,who,etc.

疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞

Whatareyoudoing?

Whatisshedoing?

Whatisthedogdoing?

(必背)

沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

表示狀態(tài),思想,感情和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

1.表示感覺(jué),感官的詞

see,hear,like,love,want,

2.have,has當(dāng)“擁有“講時(shí)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)

3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件,常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,

3daysago,

含有be動(dòng)詞的句子,將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式,am,is的過(guò)去式為was,are的過(guò)去式為were

Iwasatthebutcher,s.

Youwereastudentayearago.

Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.

★變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首

Wereyouatthebutcher*s?

Wereyouastudentayearago?

Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not

Iwasnotatthebutcherfs.

Youwerenotastudentayearago.

Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.

★肯定回答否定回答

Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.

Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.

Yes,he,zshewas.No,he/shewasnot.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whatdidyoudo?

(必背)

不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子,將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式構(gòu)成見(jiàn)附錄

Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.

Theboywenttoarestaurant.

TheSawyers1ivedatKingStreetayearago.

KingStreetayearago.

★變疑問(wèn)句在句首加did,動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?/p>

Didyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?

Didtheboygotoarestaurant?

DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?

KingStreetayearago?

★變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加didnot

Ididnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.

Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.

TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.

KingStreetayearago.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Idid.No,Ididn,t.

Yes,hedid.No,hedidn't.

Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.

4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have,has+過(guò)去分詞

用法:

1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作,常和just,usually,already,since等時(shí)間副詞連用

Ihavejusthadlunch.(飽了,不用再吃了)

Hehashadacupoftea.(不渴了,不用再喝)

Theyhavealreadyhadtheirholiday.:不能再度假了)

Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.(已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了,不用再看了)

2)詢問(wèn)別人是否做過(guò)某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?

HaveyoubeentoBeijing?

Haveheseenthefilm?

3)表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作

IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.

Ihaveworkedforthisschoolfor1year.

4)表示一種經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn):去過(guò)…地方,做過(guò)…事情,經(jīng)歷過(guò)…事情

Ihaveneverhadabath.

Ihaveneverseenafilm.

Ihaveneverbeentocinema.

IhaveeverbeentoParis.

Havebeento表示去過(guò),havegoneto表示去了

IhavebeentoLondon.(人已經(jīng)回來(lái))

HehasgonetoLondon.(人還在那里)

5)表示一種結(jié)果,一般不和時(shí)間副詞聯(lián)用

Ihavelostmypen.

Ihavehurtmyself.

Hehasbecomeateacher.

Shehasbrokenmyheart.

句型變化:

★變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首,變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not.

e.g.Haveyoulostyourpen?Ihavenotlostmypen.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavenot.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whathaveyoudone?

Whathashedone?

一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別:

凡是有明確的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子為過(guò)去時(shí)

注意:有些動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn),不能再延續(xù),因此不能和表示一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用

錯(cuò):PveleftBeijingfor3days.

對(duì):IleftBeijing3daysago.Ihavebeenawayfrombeingfor3days.

5.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

表示將來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,經(jīng)常和tomorrow,nextyear,thedayaftertomorrow,theyearafterthenext,in

fivehours'time,etc.表示將來(lái)的詞聯(lián)用

結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形

IwillgotoAmericatomorrow.

Thepilotwi11flytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.

Jackwillmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.

★變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首

WillyougotoAmericatomorrow?

WillthepilotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext?

WillJackmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning?

★變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not

IwillnotgotoAmericatomorrow.

ThepilotwillnotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.

Jackwillnotmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Iwill.No,Iwillnot.

Yes,he/shewill.No,he/shewillnot.

Yes,hewill.No,hewillnot.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whatwillyoudo?

6.過(guò)去完成時(shí):

用法:在過(guò)去的時(shí)間里,兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在前的哪個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

結(jié)構(gòu):had+過(guò)去分詞

Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.

TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.

ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.

After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號(hào),如果放在主句后則不用加。

★變疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞移到句首

Hadshefinishedherhomework?

★變否定句在助動(dòng)詞后面加not

Shehadn'tfinishedherhomework.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,shehad.No,shehadn*t.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whathadshedone?

7.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,經(jīng)常用在when,while,as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中。

結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+doing

Whenmyhusbandwasgoingintothediningroomthismorning,hedroppedsomecoinsonthefloor.

Whilewewerehavingdinner,myfatherwaswatchingTV.

8.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

結(jié)構(gòu):woulddo

Shesaidshewouldgoherethenextmorning.

二.特殊句型:therebe句型,begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)

1.Begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)

表示打算,準(zhǔn)備,計(jì)劃做某事

★結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+goingto+動(dòng)詞原型

Iamgoingtomakeabookcase.

Theyaregoingtopaintit.

Thefatherisgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.

★變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首

Areyougoingtomakeabookcase?

Aretheygoingtopaintit?

Isthefathergoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter?

★變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not

Iamno二goingtomakeabookcase.

Theyaregoingtopaintit.

Thefatherisnotgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.

Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.

Yes,heis.No,heisnot.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句

Whatareyougoingtodo?

Whataretheygoingtodo?

Whatisthefathergoingtodo?

(必背)

2.Therebe句型

表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)

Thereis+單數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)

Thereisabookinthisroom.

Thereisapenonthetable

Thereare+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場(chǎng)所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)

Therearetwopensonthetable.

Therearethreeschoolsthere.

★變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首

Isthereabookinthisroom?

Aretheretwopensonthetable?

★變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加not

Thereisnotabookinthisroom.

Therearenottwopensonthetable.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,thereis.No,thereisnot.

Yes,thereare.No,therearenot.

三.問(wèn)句:

一般疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句,反意疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句,否定疑問(wèn)句

2一般疑問(wèn)句:助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

Areyouateacher?Doyouwanttohaveacupoftea?

2特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句

Whatisyourname?

2選擇疑問(wèn)句:or

Doyouwantbeeforlamb?

2反意疑問(wèn)句:肯定陳述句+否定疑問(wèn)部分,否定陳述部分+肯定疑問(wèn)部分

Youdon'tneedthatpen,doyou?

2否定疑問(wèn)句:一般疑問(wèn)句+否定詞

Aren'tyoulucky?Don'tyouwanthavearest?

四.冠詞用法:a/an/the的一般用法(詳細(xì)見(jiàn)筆記)

五.限定詞:some,any,many,much

2some,any修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句,注意,當(dāng)期待對(duì)方的答

案為肯定回答時(shí)用some

2many修飾可數(shù)名詞,much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,在口語(yǔ)中表示很多一般不用many,much,而用alotof,在否定

句中表示很多用many,much.

Ihavealotofmoney.Idon,thavemuchmoney.

六.名詞:種類,復(fù)數(shù),名詞所有格

1.名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞

2不可數(shù)名詞

無(wú)法分開(kāi)的東西:water,tea,bread,milk,rice(米)

抽象的東西:love,beauty,coldness(寒冷)

不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點(diǎn):

I.不能用a,an修飾

2.不能加s

3.和單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞搭配

2可數(shù)名詞:

單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾,里數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞狂數(shù)共有以下幾種變化:

規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

規(guī)則1一般情況+s

e.g.shell-*shellsbook-*books

規(guī)則2以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾+es

e.g.foxffoxeschurch->churches,bus-abuses,

watch-swatches

規(guī)則3以o結(jié)尾+s或+es

e.g.potato-**potatoes,NegrofNegroes,hero-**heroes,

tomato-tomatoes,(口訣:黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿),剩下一

般加s,radio_*radios

規(guī)則4以f,fe結(jié)尾的,變f,fe為ves

e.g.life-oliveshalf->halves,shelf—shelves,

city—cities,wife-*wives

規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i+es

e.g.sky-*skiesfly—flies

不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

單數(shù)manwomanfootgoosetooth

復(fù)數(shù)menwomenfeetgeeseteeth

單數(shù)childsheepdeermousefish

復(fù)數(shù)childrensheepdeermicefish

七.介詞(注意總結(jié)書上詞組)

八.副詞:用法及形容詞變副詞的變化

U副詞可以修飾形容詞,動(dòng)詞,副詞或整個(gè)句子。如:

Thebookisverygood.

Herunsfast.

Shecameherequiteearly.

CertainlyIwillgowithyou.

u變化:

1.直接在形容詞后加-ly,

careful-carefully,slow-slowly,

2.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞,把y變I,加Ty,

happy-happily,lucky-luckily

3.有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同,不需要做任何變化

fast,hard,late

4.有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠(yuǎn):

neary-nearly,high-highly,late-lately.

九.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用:can,must,may,might,need,

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can(能夠),must(必須),may(可以)

結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+can/must/may+動(dòng)詞原型

Hecanmakethetea.

Sallycanairtheroom.

WecanspeakEnglish.

★變疑問(wèn)句將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首

Canhemakethetea?

CanSallyairtheroom?

CanwespeakEnglish?

★變否定句在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加not

Hecannotmakethetea.

Sallycannotairtheroom.

WecannotspeakEnglish.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes,hecan.No,hecannot.

Yes,shecan.No,shecannot.

Yes,wecan.No,wecannot.

★特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whatcanyoudo?

(必背)

注意:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子沒(méi)有第三人稱單數(shù)的變化,不要在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞后面加S。

2.Must/haveto的區(qū)別

must表示必須,是主觀上覺(jué)得應(yīng)該做,haveto是不得不,是由于客觀條件逼迫的必要要做

must只能用在表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的句子里,而havetodo可以用在任何時(shí)態(tài)

3.must,may,might表示猜測(cè):

mustdo表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的猜測(cè)

musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的猜測(cè)

musthavebeendoing表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的事實(shí)的猜測(cè)

may/mightdo,may/mighthavedone表示沒(méi)有任何事實(shí)依據(jù)的猜測(cè),might的可能性更小。

can't/couldn,t表示不可能

4.need用法:

表示“需要”時(shí)為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,后面可以加名詞,也可以加不定式:

Ineedapen.Doyouneedanybeer?No,Idon't.

Ineedzohavearest.

uNeeddoing=needtobedone,表示被動(dòng)

Theflowersneedwatering.

Need在否定時(shí)做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用

Youneedn'tgosoearly.=Youdon'tneedtogosoearly.

MustIcleanthedeskrightnow?No,youneedn*t.

十.不定代詞及不定副詞:

Someanynoevery

thingsomethinganythingnothingeverything

Ilookedformybook

onesomeoneanyoneanythingevei'yoneeverywhere,butI

wheresomewhereanywhereanywhereeverywherecan*tfindit

anywhere.

bodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody

Ifyouwantgo

somewhere,ifyouwanttobesomeone,youmustwakeup.

Help!Somebody?Anybody?

Youarereallysomething.

Sinceeverybodyishere,let,sbeginourclass.

Wheredidyougo?Iwentnowhere.

Nobodyisathome.

Ihavenothingleft.

新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(下)[句型和語(yǔ)法]

-]^一.感嘆句:

What+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)

Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!

How+形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)

Howbeautifulthegirlis!

十二.祈使句:

第二人稱:

let+其他人稱代詞

祈使句的否定,加don't

反意疑問(wèn)

祈使句(第二人稱)

祈使句表示請(qǐng)求,命令,建議,邀請(qǐng)等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原型,句子中通常不用主語(yǔ),句末用驚嘆好或者句號(hào),用

降調(diào)。

★肯定句動(dòng)詞原型

例,Comehere,please.Godownstairs,please.Standup.Sitdown.Bequiet.Becareful.

祈使句中如果有喚語(yǔ),一定要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),放在句首或者句尾

Comein,Amy.

Sitdownhere,Tom.

Mary,givemeabookplease.

★否定:Don't+動(dòng)詞原型

Don'tcomehere.

Don'tsitdown.

Don,tstandup.

Don'tgivemeit.

letsb.do

Letmepass.

Letushavearest.

Let'shavearest.

(反意疑句):

Let'shaveawalkalongtheriver,shallwe?

Letusgooutforadrink,willyou?

十三.倒裝句:so/neither的倒裝eg.

Hecanswim.SocanI.

Ididn'tgotoclass.NeitherdidI.

結(jié)構(gòu):

so/neither+be+主語(yǔ)

5。/116遙116「+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

5。/116"110「+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),do,does/am,is,are

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),am,is,are

一般過(guò)去時(shí),did

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),have,has

一般將來(lái)時(shí),will,shall,

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),was,were

過(guò)去完成時(shí),had

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),would

十四.直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)

如果引語(yǔ)的主句所用動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí),那么間接引語(yǔ)要做相應(yīng)變化:時(shí)態(tài),人稱,時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞

時(shí)態(tài)變化:

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-----般過(guò)去時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)一一過(guò)去完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)---過(guò)去完成時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)——過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

begoingto---was/weregoingto/would

can----------------could

may---------------might

時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞的變化:

here一there,tomorrow-thenextday,thefollowingday,this一Ihat…

人稱變化:根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q。

十五.直接賓語(yǔ)/間接賓語(yǔ)

主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

直接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象,間接賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事務(wù),也可以說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)

誰(shuí)做的,或者是為誰(shuí)做的。所以間接賓語(yǔ)要用名詞或者賓格代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。

Hegivesmeabook.

me間接賓語(yǔ),abook直接賓語(yǔ)

直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的位置調(diào)換時(shí)要加一個(gè)介詞to或for

主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ)+介詞+間接賓語(yǔ)

Givemeabook.

Givethebooktome.

Sendhisaletter.

Sendalettertohim.

Showhimthenewdress.

Showthenewdresstohim.

十六.從句:

賓語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句(限定性),表語(yǔ)從句,狀語(yǔ)從句(if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句》

賓語(yǔ)從句:如果賓語(yǔ)從句的主句中的動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí),那么賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)要和主句統(tǒng)一;如果賓語(yǔ)從句為疑問(wèn)詞

引導(dǎo),那么語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序,即主語(yǔ)在前,動(dòng)詞在后。

定語(yǔ)從句:

表語(yǔ)從句:

狀語(yǔ)從句(if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句):主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

Whatwillyoudoifyouwinalotofmoney?

Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.

十七.動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的用法(詳細(xì)用法請(qǐng)見(jiàn)NECII)

結(jié)構(gòu):todo,

用法:可以做除謂語(yǔ)以外的所有成分,語(yǔ)法上稱之為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

做賓語(yǔ):在一些動(dòng)詞后常用不定式做賓語(yǔ),例如:want,like,ask,try--

做賓補(bǔ):wantsb.todo,asksb.todo,likesb.todo---

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式

過(guò)去式的讀音

形容詞的比較級(jí)

形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)

附錄:

代詞及be動(dòng)詞

名詞復(fù)數(shù)

動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式

動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞

代詞及be動(dòng)詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

主格Iweyouyoushe/he/itthey

賓格meusyouyouher/him/itthem

代詞所有格myouryouryourher/his/itstheir

名詞性代詞mineoursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs

be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)Amareareareisare

be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)waswerewerewerewaswere

名詞的復(fù)數(shù)

規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

規(guī)則1一般情況+S

e.g.shelishellstoy->toys

規(guī)則2以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾+es

e.g.fox-foxeschurch-*churches

規(guī)則3以o結(jié)尾s或+es

e.g.radio-*radiospotato-*potatoes

規(guī)則4以f,fe結(jié)尾的,變f,fe為ves

e.g.life-oliveshalf—halves

規(guī)則5以輔音字母iy結(jié)尾,變y為iies

e.g.skyfskiesstudyfstudies

動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式

規(guī)則1一般情況+s

e.g.like-likes,look-looks

規(guī)則2以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾+es

e.g.do-does,catch-catches

規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i+es

e.g.carry-carries,fly-flies

動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞

規(guī)則一一般動(dòng)詞加-ing

e.g.look-looking,read-reading,play-playing

規(guī)則二以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去

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