專題3.冠詞（小初考點(diǎn)差異及銜接）（原卷版）

冠詞（小初考點(diǎn)差異及連接）學(xué)校要求不定冠詞a與an定冠詞the學(xué)校要求不定冠詞a與an的用法；定冠詞the的用法；3、“零”冠詞的用法?！緦W(xué)校冠詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】考點(diǎn)1.不定冠詞a與an在下列名詞前填上a或an。1.________picture2._________ear3._________duck4.________elephant5.________girl6._________apple7.________hour8.________actor9._________university 10.______usefulbook考點(diǎn)2.定冠詞the1.—Who’s_______boyin_______sweater?—He’sDavid.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;a2.______moongoesaround______earth.A.A;an B.The;an C.An;the D.The;the用a,an或the填空，若不需要填寫(xiě),則劃“/”。1.Sheis________universitystudent.2.Peterlivesin________secondfloor.3.Ittakesme________hourtogotoschool.4.Excuseme,whereis________bookstore?5.Tomorrowis________Sunday.【學(xué)校冠詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】考點(diǎn)清單冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞前，掛念指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞，另一種是不定冠詞，還有一種是零冠詞。a/an叫不定冠詞，the叫定冠詞。a用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞之前，an用在元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞之前。如：auniversity,anhour,abook,anapple等?？键c(diǎn)一不定冠詞的用法⑴a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，泛指某一類人或事物。如：Johnisastudent.//MaryisanEnglishteacher.⑵表示數(shù)量“一”，但數(shù)的概念不如one猛烈。如：Passmeanapple,please.//Ihaveacomputerandacar.⑶指某人或某物，但不具體指明是哪個(gè)人或物。如：Astudentwantstoseeyou.//Agirliswaitingforyououtside.⑷表示“每一”的意思，相當(dāng)于every。如：Takethemedicinethreetimesaday.//Theygotoseetheirparentsonceaweek.⑸用在序數(shù)詞前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’vetriedthreetimes.Letmetryafourthtime.⑹用在某些固定短語(yǔ)中。如：afew/little,acup/bottleof,catchacold/bus,haveagoodtime,havealook,inaminute,makeamistake,alotof,havearest,halfanhour,akindof,anumberof,makeacontribution,haveatalkwith等。1.Severalyearsago,IworkedforEnglishnewspaperwhichwasdoingsuchresearch.

2.HecouldlearnsomenewskillswiththehelpofNathan.Itwouldbeexcitingexperience.

3.EdwenttostudyartinParisandbecameartist.

4.Yourbestfriendistellingyoujoke,butyoucan’tcatchit!

5.Inthekitchen,therewassurpriseforClaudio—hisfavoritepancakes.

6.What’samazingisthatBethhasn’teverbeentodrumlesson.

考點(diǎn)二定冠詞用法⑴特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如：Thegirlinredismysister.//ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack.⑵指談話雙方都生疏的人或事物。如：Passmetheball,please.//Openthedoor,please.⑶指上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物。如：Iboughtapenyesterday.Thepenisformybrother.Isawafilmlastnight.ThefilmisaboutJim.//Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.⑷用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前。如：Thesunrisesfromtheeast.//Theearthturnsaroundthesun.⑸用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)(副詞最高級(jí)前the可省略)以及表示方位的名詞的前面。如：Whoisthefirstonetogo?//Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.//TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.【提示】序數(shù)詞前通常要加the，但表示在原來(lái)基礎(chǔ)上另加一(個(gè))時(shí)，則在序數(shù)詞前加a。如：asecondlanguage(除母語(yǔ)外的)其次語(yǔ)言⑹用在與play連用的西洋樂(lè)器名詞前構(gòu)成固定搭配“play+the+樂(lè)器名稱”。如：playthepiano/theviolin/guitar⑺用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脈、群島等名稱的前面。如：theChangjiangRiver；thePacificOcean；theWestLake。⑻用在由一般名詞構(gòu)成的專出名詞前（如：國(guó)家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)）等。如：theGreatWall；theForbiddenCity；theRedArmy；//HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.⑼用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示全家人或夫婦二人。如：TheLishavemovedtoBeijing.//TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.⑽用在某些形容詞前，表示一類人或事物。如：thepoor窮人；theblind盲人；therich富人；theold老人；thesick病人。⑾用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，泛指某一類。如：Thehorseisausefulanimal.⑿用于“動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位”。如：Hecatchmebythearm.//Shehithimonthenose.//Ilookedhimintheface.⒀用在表示“……世紀(jì)……年月”的結(jié)構(gòu)前，年份后面加“-s”。如：inthe1990s在二十世紀(jì)九十年月⒁用在一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。如：inthesky在天空中；inthemiddleof…在……的中間；alltheyearround一年到頭；atthesametime(與此同時(shí))；makethebed(鋪床)；intheend(最終)；allthetime(始終)；bytheway(順便說(shuō)一下)；ontheway(在路上)；inthemorning(afternoon,evening)；ontheleft(right)；attheendof等。1.Butwithsocial?distancing(社交距離)rulesinUnitedStates,manysummercampsfacedifficultdecisions.

2.Forfirsttimeinhislife,MrHappylosthissmile.

3.Itookhimtocomputerinmyroomandsaid,“Righthere.”

4.Fortherestoftheday,threeofustravelledtogether.

考點(diǎn)三不用冠詞的狀況（即“零”冠詞的用法）⑴專出名詞(包括人名、國(guó)名、地名、節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié))前不用冠詞。

如：BeijingUniversity；Jack；China；England；Mary；March；Sunday；NationalDay；spring；ChairmanMaoisagreatman.//BeijingisthecapitalofChina.//I’minClassOne.【留意】①季節(jié)，月份，星期后面帶有修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，它們前面就要加定冠詞the。如：thesummerof2010②一般狀況下以Day結(jié)尾的節(jié)日前不加the。如：NewYear’sDay,Teachers’Day,NationalDay等。③一般狀況下以Festival結(jié)尾的節(jié)日前加the。如：theSpringFestival;theDragon-BoatFestival;theMid-AutumnFestival⑵復(fù)數(shù)名詞泛指一類人或事物時(shí)，不用冠詞。如：Theyareteachers/nurses.⑶不行數(shù)名詞（物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞）前一般不加冠詞。如：time時(shí)間；water水；fruit水果；love愛(ài)；air空氣。⑷名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞、名詞全部格、不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)（this,my,Tom’s,whose,some,no,each,every等），不用冠詞。如：Cakeismyfavouritefood.//Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.//Iwantthisbook,notthatone.⑸球類、棋類、學(xué)科、語(yǔ)言、消遣運(yùn)動(dòng)、一日三餐前的名詞前，不用冠詞。

如：haveChinese；learnChinese；havebreakfast(lunch/supper)；playvolleyball；Helikesplayingfootball/chess.//WelikeEnglishandmathsverymuch.【留意】①表示三餐的名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，要加定冠詞the。如：Theyhadaquickbreakfast.②具體指某一個(gè)球時(shí)，要加定冠詞the。如：Whereisthebasketball?⑹表示職位、身份、頭銜、稱呼的名詞前，不用冠詞。

如：LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.//TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.⑺當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并用時(shí)，常省去冠詞。如：Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.⑻當(dāng)by與火車(chē)等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無(wú)冠詞。如：bybus,bytrain；⑼有些個(gè)體名詞不用冠詞。如：school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等個(gè)體名詞，直接置于介詞后，表示該名詞的深層含義。如：gotohospital去醫(yī)院看病;gotothehospital去醫(yī)院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)⑽城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱前不用冠詞。如：TheyarenowatPeople’sCinema.⑾一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中不用。如：at/to/from/outof/after/forschool；in/to/for/afterclass；in/to/outof/intobed；after/at/from/outof/towork；at/tosea；in/from/down/totown；at/fromhome；at/for/tobreakfast/lunch/supper；atnight/noon/midnight；onfoot；gotoschool/bed；ontopof；infrontof；onshow/display/duty/watch；in/outofhospital；atall；on/intime；atfirst/last/once；inChinese/English；takecareof等。⑿不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞。如：①序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞。如：ThisismyfirsttimetocometoGuilin.②序數(shù)詞作副詞。如：Hecamefirstintherace.③在固定詞組中。如：at(the)first,firstofall,fromfirsttolast1.Weshouldhavebreakfasteverydaytokeephealthy.

A.aB.anC.theD./冠詞的位置⑴通常狀況：冠詞位于名詞前，若名詞前有形容詞修飾，冠詞要放在形容詞之前。如：abeautifulflower;anhour。⑵特殊狀況：①不定冠詞在half,such,what,many之后。如：suchanicegirl(=soniceagirl)//halfanhourManyastudenthaspassedtheexam.(=Manystudentshavepassedtheexam.)Whatabeautifulflower!(=Howbeautifulaflower!)②不定冠詞在as,so,how,too修飾的形容詞之后。如：Howcoldadayitis!(=Whatacolddayitis!)③副詞quite和rather可置于不定冠詞之前。如：It’squiteanicehorse.(=It’saverynicehorse)//It’sratherahotdaytoday.(=It’saveryhotdaytoday)④當(dāng)名詞由both或all,whole修飾時(shí)，定冠詞須放在both或all之后,whole之前。如：allthestudents,boththechildren,thewholestoryⅠ.填空題1.AssymbolofChina,thepanda,ofcourseisthefavoriteoftheOlympics.

2.AlthoughtheOlympicWinterGamesmaynothaveasmanyplayersastheOlympicSummerGames,theysharesameOlympicspirit.

3.AndinApril2021,thecitydecidedtostartactivityaskingownerstopickupwasteoftheirpets.

4.Thenhowcanwefindhappiness?IaskedSallysuchquestion.

5.Oncewetriedtoburnchemicals,chemicalsproducedmanycolorsofflames(火焰),includingbrightorangeanddarkgreen.

6.Andbambooplayedimportantroleinit.

7.WuhanisoneoflargestandmostbeautifulcitiesinChina.

8.Soon,anotherbusdriverandambulance(搶救車(chē))arrivedtohelp.

9.Wishthetraincouldbelessnoisy?Theremightbesolutionforyou.

10.WangDewen,greatChinesewoodworker,livesinWuzhou,SouthChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.

Ⅱ.選擇題1.—Wow,whatacoolmodelspaceship!—Thanks!Myfathergaveittomea