語法專題05 形容詞和副詞

語法專題05形容詞和副詞形容詞形容詞用于描述人或事物所具有的特征、共性、品質等。如：interesting，fun，boring，difficult，nice，great，good等。部分形容詞有-ing和-ed兩種形式，表示的意義不同。-ing形式通常指事物本身的性質，意為＂令人感到……的＂，而-ed形式通常指人的感受，意為＂感到……的＂。?interesting令人感愛好的，好玩的 ?interested感愛好的?Thestoryisinteresting.這個故事很好玩。?Sheisinterestedinthegame.她對這個玩耍感愛好。類似的詞還有：boring無聊的exciting令人興奮的bored感到無聊的excited感興奮的relaxing令人放松的surprising令人吃驚的relaxed感到放松的surprised感到吃驚的moving令人感到動的；感人的moved感動的例題：Everyonewas________whentheyheard(聽到)the________news.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excited形容詞副詞的比較等級規(guī)章變化一般加-er,-eststrong---stronger---strongest以字母e結尾的只加-r,-stlate---later---latest以輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫這個輔音字母后再加-er,-esthot---hotter---hottestthin---thinner---thinnestslim---slimmer---slimmest以輔音字母+y結尾的詞，將y變?yōu)閕,再加-er,-estangry---angrier---angriestugly---uglier---ugliestearly---earlier---earliest雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在詞前加more或mostquickly---morequickly---mostquicklyenthusiastic---moreenthusiastic---mostenthusiastic留意：=1\*GB3①少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞以及以-er和-le結尾的詞有兩種比較級和最高級形式common---commoner/morecommon---commonest/mostcommonclever---cleverer/moreclever---cleverest/mostcleversimple---simpler/moresimple---simplest/mostsimple=2\*GB3②有些形容詞沒有程度或本身表程度，沒有比較級和最高級，如right/wrong/excellent/favorite/perfect等。不規(guī)章變化good/well---better---bestbad/badly---worse---worstmuch/many---more---mostlittle---less---leastold---older/elder---oldest/eldestfar---farther/further---farthest/furthest形容詞副詞比較級基本用法“比較級+than”表示“比...更”Hegetsupearlierthananyoneelseintheclass.“比較級+比較級”表示“越來越....”O(jiān)urcountryisbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越.....,越.....”Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.“the+比較級+ofthetwo”表示“兩者中較....的”Theshorterofthetwogirlsismysister.“no+比較級+than”表示“兩者都不....”Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.“not+比較級+than”表示“前者不如后者”Heisnottallerthanhisbrother.形容詞副詞最高級基本用法=1\*GB3①The+形容詞/副詞最高級+表范圍的介詞短語（among/of/in）Autumnisthebestseasonoftheyear.Heworkshardestinhisclass.=2\*GB3②“Oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+范圍”表示“....中最....之一”Thisisoneofthemostimportanteventsinmodernhistory.=3\*GB3③“the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”表示“第幾最....”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.=4\*GB3④否定詞+比較級=最高級Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.比較級和最高級的修飾詞修飾原級的詞：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too,nearly修飾比較級的詞：much,even,still,(by)far,alittle,alot,agreatdeal,any等修飾最高級的詞：序數(shù)詞,(by)far,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,nothinglike等倍數(shù)的表達：=1\*GB3①倍數(shù)+as---as=2\*GB3②倍數(shù)+比較級+than=3\*GB3③倍數(shù)+the+名詞+ofAtaroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesasbigasGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesbiggerthanGreatBritain.==Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.形容詞副詞的轉換一般狀況加-lyquick—quicklybrave---bravely輔音字母+y結尾，改y為i再加-lyeasy---easilybusy—busily以-le結尾，去e加-ysimple—simplygentle—gentlypossible---possibly元音字母+e結尾去e加-lytrue---truly-ll結尾，只加-yfull—fullydull—dully-ic結尾，加-allybasic—basicallyscientific---scientificallyspecific---specifically留意：public---publicly留意：特殊變形：whole—whollyshy—shylydry—dryly2.以-ly結尾的形容詞：friendly/lovely/lively/lonely/deadly/monthly/yearly/daily/weekly四：易混形容詞副詞的區(qū)分ago,beforeago從現(xiàn)在算起若干時間以前，常用一般過去時Igraduatedfromthecollege10yearsago.before=1\*GB3①從過去某時間算起若干時間以前，常用過去完成時Shesaidthatshehadmarriedhim3monthsbefore.=2\*GB3②單獨使用，常用現(xiàn)在完成時Haveyoueverseenthisfilmbefore?hard,hardlyhardlyadv.幾乎不hardadj.困難的adv.努力地Thisisahardjob.WecanhardlybelievePeterworkssohard.so,suchsuch+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞such+adj+復數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞so+adj./advso+adj.+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so+many/much/few/little(少的)+復數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞late,later,latter,latest,latelylateadj./adv.遲晚lateradj.以后的//adv.后來latteradj.(兩者中)后者的latestadj.最新的latelyadv.最近，近來一、單項選擇1．—Helenfeels________afterwatchingthe________basketballgame.—Me,too.Iwanttowatchitagain!A．exciting;exciting B．excited;excited C．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting2．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheboyingreenjacket?—Heisa________soccerplayerandcanplaysoccer________.A．well;good B．good;well C．well;well D．good;good3．Howcanwebestrongand________?A．health B．healthier C．healthy D．healthiest4．Don’trunsofast.Youmustbe________whenyoucrossthestreet.A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．nervous5．MissGreenisfrom________.Sheis________.A．English；English B．England；England C．English；England D．England；English6．—Isthedoor________now?It’ssocold.—Sorry,Iwillkeepthedoor________.A．opened;closed B．open;closeC．opened;close D．open;closed7．Thefilmmakesus________.A．tohappy B．happily C．happy D．tohappily8．Mr________shoesare________.A．green;green B．Green;Green C．Green’s;green D．green’s;green9．Myfirstteacherwas________withme.A．friendly B．strict C．strictly D．friend10．JennyandKatearemygood________.Theyarevery________tome.A．friend;friendly B．friendly;friendlyC．friends;friendly D．friends;friend11．—Wasit________inyourareayesterday?—No,Butitsnowedheavilytoday.A．snow B．snows C．snowed D．snowy12．—Myfatherisa________man.—Ithinkso.Yourfatheris________overthere.A．hard-working;work B．workhard;working C．hard-working;working D．workhard;work13．—Iboughtapairofglovesforyou.Theycankeepyourhands_________.—Thankyouverymuch.A．cold B．coldly C．warm D．warmly14．—Theteacherlooksvery________.

—Yes,heislooking________atTom.What’swrong?A．angry;angrily B．angry;angry C．angrily;angrily D．angrily;angry15．Thepunchyoumadetastedquite________.A．well B．good C．nicely D．terribly16．Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymummadeanicecakeformeandittasted________.A．well B．delicious C．better D．deliciously17．Shestaysathome________,butshedoesn’tfeel________.A．lonely;alone B．alone;lonely C．alone;alone D．lonely;lonely18．Chineseisas________asEnglishinourdailylife.A．important B．moreimportant C．importanter D．importantly19．Heisoneof________inhisclass,sohealwayssitsinthebackrow.A．thetallestboys B．tallestboys C．tallboys D．thetallerboy20．Thesunshinesandshines,theweatherbecomes________.A．warmandwarm B．warmerandwarmer C．coolandcool D．coolerandcooler21．—IfIgetthejob,I’llmake________moremoney.—Yes,youwillgetmore________eachmonth.A．alittle;dollar B．afew;dollars C．alittle;dollars D．afew;dollar22．Tomishardworking.Itisnot________thathecanpasstheexameasily.A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested23．Thereisn’t________inthiscountrythisyear.A．enoughrain B．rainenough C．rainyenough D．enoughrains24．Thisappleis________thatone.A．threetimesasbiggeras B．asbigthreetimesasC．threetimesasbigas D．asbigasthreetimes25．You’dbetterkeepthewindows________.Itissohothere.A．open B．opening C．opens D．opened26．—WhatdoesLucylooklikeafterschool?

—She.A．looklikehappy B．lookslikehappy C．lookshappily D．lookshappy27．LucyandLilyare__________students.A．twonew B．toonew C．newtwo D．newtoo28．YangMiisaniceladywith________.A．longblackhair B．alongblackhair C．shortblackhairs D．ablacklonghair29．Heworkshardandisoften________.Ihopehewillhavemore________.A．success;successful B．successful;successC．success;successes D．successful;successful30．Shanghaiisbiggerthan________cityinChina.A．theother B．another C．anyother D．someother31．Sheisa________dancerandshecandancevery_______.A．good,well B．well,well C．good,well D．well,good32．WhenIgottothehospital,mygrandmawas________.A．living B．alive C．live D．lives33．I’m________inreadingEnglishstories.A．interesting B．interests C．interested D．interest34．Thefilmis________wonderful,andwefeel________.A．quite;relaxed B．quiet;relaxed C．quite;relaxing D．quiet;relaxing35．Thesecarsare________.Theyrun________.A．quicker;quick B．quickly;quickly C．quick;quickly D．quickly;quick36．—I________watchsportsnewsbecauseit’sboring.—Really?ButIthinkit’sinteresting.A．always B．hardlyever C．usually D．sometimes37．—Canyoufindmydictionary,mum?—No,Ilookedforit________,butstillcan’tseeit.A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．nowhere38．Look!Thetrafficisterribleduringrushhours.Soyoushoulddrive.A．fast B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully39．Mr.Smithdoesn’tlikeswimming,sohe______goesswimmingwithhischildren.A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom40．—Canyouswim?—Yes,I________,andIdoit________.A．must;good B．must;well C．can;good D．can;well41．Mary______speaksChinese.Sheknowsitjustalittle.A．often B．usually C．seldom42．JimisfromEnglandandhespeaksEnglishvery________.A．good B．well C．bad D．badly43．Kittydrawsas________asMike.A．ugly B．wonderful C．beautiful D．carefully44．ItishoteverysummerinXinjiangandit________rains.A．sometimes B．always C．never D．seldom45．Imusthaveagoodsleep,soI________sleeplate.A．sometimes B．often C．seldom D．never二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。

Whatwouldpeopleliketoeatontheirbirthday?Theanswermaynotbethe46indifferentcountries.In47countries,peoplehavebirthday48withcandles.The49ofcandlesistheperson’sage.Thebirthdaypersonmust50awishandblowoutthecandles.Ifheorshe51allthecandlesin52go,thewishwill53.IntheUK,peoplesometimes54acandyinabirthdaycake.Thechildwiththecandyis55.

InChina,itisgetting56tohavecakeonyourbirthday.Butmanypeoplestilleatverylongnoodlesfortheirbirthday.They57cutupthenoodlesbecausethelongnoodlesareasymboloflong58.Insomeplaces,Chinesepeoplealsoeat59ontheirbirthday.Theyareasymboloflifeandgoodluck.

Allofthesebirthdayfoodsmaybedifferent,buttheideasarethesame.They60goodlucktothebirthdayperson.46．A．same B．fun C．right D．real47．A．any B．all C．many D．much48．A．food B．eggs C．noodles D．cakes49．A．name B．color C．size D．number50．A．make B．take C．say D．spell51．A．findsout B．putsout C．looksout D．blowsout52．A．one B．two C．first D．second53．A．comeon B．comedown C．cometrue D．comeout54．A．lose B．make C．put D．find55．A．busy B．healthy C．tidy D．lucky56．A．welcome B．popular C．relaxing D．interesting57．A．never B．always C．often D．sometimes58．A．time B．way C．life D．story59．A．rice B．eggs C．fish D．vegetables60．A．take B．bring C．get D．Have三、閱讀理解ATheChinesezodiac

TheChinesezodiac(生肖，屬相)features12animalsignsinthisorder:Rat,Ox,Tiger,Rabbit,Dragon,Snake,Horse,Sheep,Monkey,Rooster,DogandPig.Ithasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Thereisananimalforeachyear,butthe“year”isdefinedbyChineselunarcalendar(按農歷界定).It’snotfromJan.1sttoDec.31stingeographicalyear.ChinaRed

RedisthecolorofChina.InChinawecallitChinaRed.Itmakespeopleexcited.AndithasrichmeaninginChinesecultureandhistory.Here,redisasymbol(象征).Itgivescolortothesoul(靈魂)ofthenation.ChinaRedisthecoloroftheluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessandsoon._________

PeopleusuallyspendthefirstdayoftheChineseNewYearwiththeirfamilymembersathome.TheyusuallyhavedumplingsorniangaoasthefirstmealoftheNewYear.Afterbreakfast,littlekidsputonnewclothesandgiveNewYeargreetingstotheirparentsandgrandparents.Boththekidsandun-marriedadultsmayreceivemonetaryredenvelopesfromseniorsinthefamily.61．Thethreematerialsabovehavesomethingtodowith_________?A．Chinesescience B．Chineseculture C．Chinesefood D．Chinesesports62．Theheading(小標題)ofthethirdmaterialmaybe_________.A．GoingHomeForNewYear B．MakeAWishForNewYearC．FirstDaySpentAtHome D．WhatPeopleEatForBreakfast63．Theunderlinedpart“redenvelopes”probablymeans_________inChinese.A．春聯(lián) B．紅包 C．窗花 D．剪紙64．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned(提到)?A．WhatanimalsareintheChinesezodiac. B．WhatthemeaningofChinaRedis.C．WhatwedoonthefirstdayofNewYear. D．Whatwehaveforlunchanddinner.65．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_________.A．theyearinChineselunarcalendarisdifferentfromthegeographicalyearB．redisthesymbolofbadluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessC．theyearinChineselunarcalendarstartsfromJan.1standendsonDec.31stD．peoplehavedumplingsorniangaoaftervisitingtheirgrandparentsathomeBOnmostweekends,youcanfindLisaStoneinfrontofacomputer.Butsheisn’tplayinggamesorwatchingvideos.She’slearninghowtowritecode.Codeisasetofinstructions(指令).Ittellsacomputerwhattodo.Codersarethepeoplewhowritetheinstructionsforacomputer.Codersmakewebsites(網站)orapps.Appscanbeusedforeverythingfromplayinggamestocheckingtheweather.Lisabegantolearncodingwhenshewas4yearsold.Sheusescodingtodoart,workoutproblemsandmakegames.Lisalikescodingbecauseit’suseful.“Codingisreallyfun,”shesaid.“Youcanshowwhatyouthinkinwhatyoumake.”HowdoesLisalearncoding?ShetakesclassesatC.Thewebsiteoffershundredsoffreecodelessonsforkids.Infact,morethan29millionstudentsin180countries(國家)useit.Ithopestobringcodingtoevenmorekids.“Webelievethateverychildshouldhavethechancetolearnaboutcomputersandcoding,”saidAliceSmith,thepresident(負責人)ofC.