小學(xué)名詞數(shù)詞語(yǔ)法和練習(xí)題

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載名詞語(yǔ)法和練習(xí)題

1.

定義

名詞可以分為專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名詞，專(zhuān)有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方，機(jī)構(gòu)等專(zhuān)有的名稱(chēng)，如Beijing，China等。普通名詞是一類(lèi)人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞，如：book，sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類(lèi)：

個(gè)體名詞：表示某類(lèi)人或東西中的個(gè)體，如：gun。

2）集體名詞：表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體，如：family。

3）物質(zhì)名詞：表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物，如：air。

4）抽象名詞：表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念，如：work。

個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，稱(chēng)為可數(shù)名詞，物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算，稱(chēng)為不可數(shù)名詞。

名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化（情況，構(gòu)成方法，讀音，例詞）

a.

一般情況在名詞后加-s

清輔音后讀/s/

map-maps

濁輔音和元音后讀

/z/

bag-bags

/car-cars

b.

以s,

sh,

ch,

x等結(jié)尾的名詞加-es

讀

/iz/

bus-buses/

watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxes

c.

以ce,

se,

ze,等結(jié)尾加

-s

讀

/iz/

license-licenses

d.

以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞把變y

為i再加es

讀

/z/

baby---babies

e.

以o

結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：

.

加s，如：

photo---photos

piano---pianos

radio---radios

zoo---zoos；.

加es，如：potato--potatoes

tomato--tomatoes

.

上述a和b兩種方法均可，如zero---zeros

/

zeroes。

f.

以f或fe

結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)：

.

加s，如：

belief---beliefs

roof---roofs

safe---safes

gulf---gulfs

2).

去f,

fe

加ves，如：half---halves

knife---knives

leaf---leaves

wolf---wolves

wife---wives

life---lives

thief---thieves

.

上述a和b兩種方法均可，如handkerchief:

handkerchiefs

/

handkerchief。

3.

名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化

1）

child---children

foot---feet

tooth---teeth

mouse---mice

man---men

woman---women

注意：由一個(gè)詞加

man

或

woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是

-men

和-women，如an

Englishman，two

Englishmen。但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復(fù)數(shù)是the

Bowmans。

單復(fù)同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

，yuan等。

4.

名詞所有格

在英語(yǔ)中有些名詞可以加“’s”來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱(chēng)為該名詞的所有格，例如：Where’s

Lin

Tao’s

bike?林濤的自行車(chē)在哪？

如果原詞已經(jīng)有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s,則僅僅加一個(gè)“

’

”，例如：teachers’

office老師的辦公室

如果是復(fù)數(shù)，但不帶詞尾-s,則仍然加“’s”，例如：those

men’s

hats

那些男士的帽子

如果表示各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，名詞末尾均需加“’s”，例如：Jim’s

and

Kate’s

glasses

吉姆和凱特各自的眼鏡

如果表示共同的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，僅在最后一詞的末尾加“’s”，例如：Jim

and

Kate’s

kite

吉姆和凱特的風(fēng)箏（兩個(gè)人共同擁有的）如果表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，例如：Shall

we

go

to

Meimei’s

for

supper?我們一起到梅梅家去吃飯，好嗎？

沒(méi)有生命的名詞所有格用of，例如：This

is

a

photo

of

my

family.

這是我家的一張全家福。

練習(xí)題

一.

圈出下列單詞中的不可數(shù)名詞

peach

ink

water

zoo

sister

coffee

knife

snow

ice

tea

orange

fridge

jeep

rain

wind

car

teacher

music

ear

cola

watermelon

cherry

二.

寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

1.watch__________

2.class__________

3.shelf__________

4.dog__________

5.dish__________

6.child__________

7.nurse__________

8.desk__________

9.boy__________

10.baby__________

11.tooth_________

12.eye__________

13.sheep_________

14.tomato_______

15.library_________

16.goose_________

17.photo________

18.telephone_________

三.

填入所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式

1.

We

have

three________(pen).

2.

This

is

an

__________(apple).

3.

Where

is

the__________(pencil)?

4.

There

is

a

little

__________

in

the

bottle(juice).

5.

Are

you

a

__________(driver)?

Yes,

I

am.

6.

There

are

a

few

__________(watch)on

the

desk.

7.

Many__________(shelf)are

in

our

school

library.

8.

He

has

some__________(ink).

9.

The__________(girl)in

red

is

Mary.

10.

How

many__________(people)are

there

in

your

family?

Three.

四.

將下列名詞按所給例詞的詞義屬性歸類(lèi)

school

pineapple

panda

jacket

peach

cat

pen

library

hat

trousers

ruler

classroom

lemon

dress

tiger

playground

ink

eraser

shirt

elephant

ballpoint–pen

computer

room

deer

pencil-case

snake

shorts

socks

pencil

2.

banana

3.

coat

4.

wolf

school

building

五、

選擇題

(

)1.There

is

__________on

the

table.

A.

Plate

B.a

plate

C.plates

(

)2.I

can

see

many

__________in

the

garden.

flowers

B.a

flower

C.flowers

(

)3.The_____on

the

hills

are

all

white.

A.sheep

B.sheeps

C.dog

(

)4.These

new_____are

for

you.

A.skirt

B.shoe

C.shirts

(

)5.The

clock

has

three______

A.legs

B.leg

C.faces

(

)6.They

are

not

in

the

same_______.

A.class

B.classes

C.familys

(

)7.Is

this

your_____?

A.a

key

B.keys

C.key

(

)8.They

are

having_____.

A.a

class

B.English

class

C.Chinese

class

(

)9.There

are

so

many

_____in

the

hall.

A.peoples

B.people

C.a

people

(

)10.The_____has

some

nice

pictures.

A.boys

B.teachers

C.child

(

)11.The_____are

dancing

at

the

party.

A.woman

B.women

C.man

(

)12.The

_____are

in

Room408.

A.student

B.a

student

C.students

(

)13.Who’s

that_____?

She’s

my

mother.

A.man

B.woman

C.women

(

)14.The_____are

catching

the

thief.

A.policeman

B.policemen

C.policemans

(

)15.There

are

new

_____in

my

schoolbag.

A.knife

B.knifes

C.knives

(

)16._____jacket

is

it?

May

be

it’s_____.

A.Who’s;Toms

B.What;Tom’s

C.Whose;Tom’s

(

)17.The

books

are

the_____.

A.teachers’

B.teachers

C.teacher

(

)18.There

are

a

lot

of

children

in

the

park

on_____Day.

A.children

B.Children’s

C.Childrens’

(

)19.Is

it

the

twins’

bedroom?

Yes,it

is.

It’s_____bedroom.

A.Ann

and

Anna’s

B.Ann’s

and

Anna’s

C.Ann

and

Anna

(

)20.That

is

_____dog.

A.Tom’s

B.Toms

C.Tom

(

)21._____coats

are

very

pretty.

A.Jim

and

Tim’s

B.Jim’s

and

Tim’s

C.Jim

and

Tim

(

)22.They

are

going

to

their_____home

for

dinner.

A.uncles

B.uncle

C.uncle’s

(

)23.The

big

room

is_____.

A.the

twin’s

B.twins’

C.the

twins’

(

)24.March

8th

is_____.

Woman’s

Day

B.Womans’

Day

C.Women’s

Day六、英漢互譯。

1.一位美國(guó)醫(yī)生____________

2.許多綿羊___________

3.不同的季節(jié)____________

4.一杯牛奶_____________

5.凱特的家庭照__________

6.my

uncle’s

friend___________

7.her

cats

name____________

8.the

doors

of

the

classroom_______

9.the

twins’

mother_________

10.Lucy

and

Kate’s

bedroom______

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)之小學(xué)英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞練習(xí)題

(

)1．There

are

___________

days

in

a

year．

A．three

hundred

and

sixty

five

B．three

hundred

and

sixty-five

C．three

hundreds

and

sixty

five

D．three

hundreds

and

sixty—five

(

)2．Danny

lives

in

__________．

A．room

404

B．Room

404

C．404

room

D．404

Room

(

)3．Jim

is

in

__________．

A．class

one，grade

six

B．grade

one，class

six

C．Class

One，Grade

Six

D．Grade

One,

Class

Six

(

)4．The

bike

cost

me

_________

yuan．

A．five

hundred

forty

B．five

hundreds

fourty

C．five

hundred

and

forty

D．five

hundred

fourty

(

)5．My

telephone

number

is

____________．

eighty

eight

two

forty

four

zero

nine

B．eight

eight

two

double

four

O

nine

C．eighty

eight

two

forty-four

zero

nine

D．eight

eight

two

four

four

zero

nine

(

)6．Is

there

any

food

for

us

_________?

A．ten

B．tenth

C．the

tenth

D．the

ten

(

)7．Mary

is

_________

girl．

A.

an

8

year

old

B．8一years—old

C．the

8

years

old

D．a(chǎn)n

8一year—old

(

)8．—What

day

is

today?

—

___________

A．June

B．Tuesday

C．It

is

hot

D．It’s

fine

(

)9．—What’s

the

date

today?

—

___________

A．It’s

Saturday

B．It’s

July

C．It’s

fine

D．It’s

JuIy

15

(

)10．—What

time

do

you

get

up

every

day?

A．It’s

seven

o’clock

B．Seven

o’clock

time

C．At

seven

D．On

seven

()1．There

are

___________

days

in

a

year．

A．three

hundred

and

sixty

five

B．three

hundred

and

sixty-fiveC．three

hundreds

and

sixty

five

D．three

hundreds

and

sixty—five

(

)2．Danny

lives

in

__________．

room

404

B．Room

404

C．404

room

D．404

Room

(

)3．Jim

is

in

__________．

class

one，grade

six

B．grade

one，class

six

C．Class

One，Grade

Six

D．Grade

One

Class

Six(

)4．The

bike

cost

me

_________

yuan．

five

hundred

forty

B．five

hundreds

fourty

C．five

hundred

and

forty

D．five

hundred

fourty

(

)5．My

telephone

number

is

____________．

eighty

eight

two

forty

four

zero

nine

B．eight

eight

two

double

four

O

nine

C．eighty

eight

two

forty-four

zero

nine

D．eight

eight

two

four

four

zero

nine

(

)6．Is

there

any

food

for

us

_________?

ten

B．tenth

C．the

tenth

D．the

ten

(

)7．Mary

is

_________

girl．

an

8

year

old

B．8一years—old

C．the

8

years

old

D．a(chǎn)n

8一year—old

(

)8．—What

day

is

today?

—

___________June

B．Tuesday

C．It

is

hot

D．It’s

fine

(

)9．—What’s

the

date

today?

—

___________

A．It’s

Saturday

B．It’s

July

C．It’s

fine

D．It’s

JuIy

15

(

)10．—What

time

do

you

get

up

every

day?

It’s

seven

o’clock

B．Seven

o’clock

time

C．At

seven

D．On

seven

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.The

tree

is

_____tall.

A.

fourteen

foots

B.

fourteen

feet

C.

fourteen

foot

D.

forty

foot

2.Fifty

plus_____

.

A.

fourty

is

ninety

B.

forty

is

ninety

C.

thirty

is

ninety

D.

fifty

is

ninety

There

are_____students

in

this

school.

four

hundred

fifty-two

B.

four

hundreds

fifty

two

C.

four

hundred

and

fifty-two

D.

four

hundreds

and

fifty-two

4.My

home

is

about

_____

away

from

the

school.

A.

three

hundred

meter

B.

three

hundreds

meters

C.

three

hundred

meters

D.

three

hundred

meter

5.December

is

_____

and

last

month

in

a

year.

A.the

twelveth

B.twelve

C.the

twelfth

D.twelfth

_____of

the

teachers

in

the

school

are

from

colleges.

A.Three

quarters

B.Two-third

C.Two

fifth

D.Two-ninth

There

were

two

world

wars

during_____

century.

A.the

twenties

B.the

twentieth

C.twenties

D.twentieth

8.In

the

forties,

his

father

served

in

the

New_____Army(新四軍)，while

his

mother

worked

in

the

_____Route

Army(八路軍).

A.

Fourth;

Eighth

B.Four;

Eighth

C.Fourth;

eight

D.Fourth;

eighth

9.We

are

learning_____now.

A.the

twenty-first

lesson

B.Lesson

Twenty-first

C.the

21

th

lesson

D.Lesson

21

st

He

will

stay

here

for_____.

one

and

half

month

B.one

and

a

half

month

C.one

months

and

a

half

D.one

and

a

half

months

11.—What’s

the

date

today?—It’s_____.

A.nine

B.Monday

C.June

5

D.11:00

12.—Would

you

like

to

eat

_____apples?

—No,

thank

you.

A.more

two

B.two

more

C.two

another

D.two

else

13.He

said

he

would

come

back

in_____

.

A.one

or

two

days

B.o

or

two

days

C.one

and

two

days

D.a

day

and

two

14.—How

often

do

you

write

to

your

parents

abroad?

—

_____.

A.Twice

a

month

B.Second

times

a

month

C.A

second

time

a

month

D.second

a

time

a

month

15.

_____

people

died

in

the

traffic

accidents

in

the

world.

A.Thousand

of

B.Thousands

of

C.Ten

thousands

of

D.Ten

thousand

of

In

the

1850s,

about

_____was

covered

by

forest

in

the

USA.

third

B.a

third

C.the

third

D.a

thirds

17.This

is

her

_____birthday,

I

think.

A.twenty

B.twentieth

C.the

twentieth

D.the

twenty’s

18.September

_____is

Teachers’Day.

A.the

ten

B.tenth

C.the

tenth

D.the

ten’s

19.There

are

_____children

in

the

country

school.

A.two

thousand

five

hundred

and

sixty

B.two

thousands

five

hundred

and

sixty

C.two

thousands

five

hundreds

and

sixty

D.two

thousand

five

hundreds

and

sixty

20.

_____of

the

soldiers

is

about

two

thousand.

A.

A

number

B.

The

number

of

C.

A

great

number

D.

The

biggest

numbers

of

一、1～5BBCCC

6～10ABAAD

11～15CBAAB

16～20BBCAB

1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其說(shuō)明

1）序數(shù)詞第一、第二和第三為first,

second和third,其他序列數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成是在基數(shù)詞后加-th。例如six→sixth

seven→seventh

ten→tenth

four→fourth

fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)和twelfth(第十二)在拼法上有變化。

二十、三十等基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)，要把y變成ie再加-th。例如：

twenty→twentieth

forty→fortieth4)基數(shù)詞幾十幾變成序數(shù)詞時(shí)，表示幾十的數(shù)詞不變，只把表示幾的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞。例如：

twenty-one→twenty-first

forty-five→forty-fifth

5)第一百、第一千、第一百萬(wàn)、第十億都是在基數(shù)詞后直接加-th構(gòu)成。例如：

第一百→hundredth

第一千→thousandth

第一百萬(wàn)→millionth

第十億→billionth

6)序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。例如：

1st,

2nd,

3rd,

4th,

21st,

32nd,

40th

2.序數(shù)詞在句子中的應(yīng)用

序數(shù)詞在句中主要是充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，也可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，前面要加定冠詞the。例如：

The

first

time

I

came

to

China,

I

liked

it

very

much.我第一次來(lái)中國(guó)，我就非常喜歡這個(gè)國(guó)家。

The

first

is

always

better

than

the

second.

第一總是比第二好。

She

will

choose

the

third.她將選擇第三。1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其說(shuō)明

1）1～12是獨(dú)立的單詞。即：

one,

two,

three,

four,

five,

six,

seven,

eight,

nine,

ten,

eleven,

twelve

2)13～19,多數(shù)在末尾加-teen,但應(yīng)注意13、15、18的拼寫(xiě)形式。例如：

13→thirteen

14→fourteen

15→fifteen

16→sixteen

17→seventeen

18→eighteen

19→nineteen

3)從20～90整十位數(shù)，多數(shù)在詞尾加-ty，但要注意20、30、40、50和80的拼法。例如：

20→twenty

30→thirty

40→forty

50→fifty

60→sixty

70→seventy

80→eighty

90→ninety

4)21～99是由幾十和幾合起來(lái)構(gòu)成，中間加連字符（-）。例如：

21→twenty-one

32→thirty-two

55→fifty-five

74→seventy-four

86→eighty-six

99→ninety-nine

5)101～999等三位數(shù)中，十位數(shù)或個(gè)位數(shù)的前面加and。例如：

101→a(one)hundred

and

one

230→two

hundred

and

thirty

513→five

hundred

and

thirteen

678→six

hundred

and

seventy

999→nine

hundred

and

ninety-nine

6)1,000以上的數(shù)，要用計(jì)數(shù)逗點(diǎn)，即從個(gè)位開(kāi)始，每隔三位數(shù)加一逗點(diǎn)，第一個(gè)逗點(diǎn)處是thousand(千)，第二逗點(diǎn)處是million(百萬(wàn))，第三個(gè)逗點(diǎn)處是thousand

million(英)或billion(美)（十億）。例如：

一千1，000→a(one)thousand

4,596→four

thousand

five

hundred

and