江西省2018年中考英語真題（含答案）

江西省2018年中考英語試卷一、請聽下面8段對話。每段對話后有一小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。1．Whatwouldthegirlliketobuy?A．Aphone. B．Acamera. C．Awatch.2．WhereisLinda?A．Inthelaboratory. B．Inthelibrary. C．Inthebookstore.3．How'stheweathertoday?A．Cold. B．Warm. C．Cool.4．WhoisplayingavideogamewithJack?A．Hisbrother. B．Hissister. C．Hiscousin.5．What'sthedoctor'sadvice?A．Talkingmoreexercise. B．Takingsomemedicine. C．Drinkingsomemilk.6．WhyisJanecrying?A．Becausesheishungry. B．Becausesheneedssleep. C．Becausehertoyislost.7．Whendoesthemoviefinish?A．At8:30. B．At9:30. C．At10:30.8．WhatdoesMr.Smithmean?A．Kateworkshardatfootballtraining. B．Kateshouldnotstopfootballtraining.C．Kategivesagoodreasonforherdecision.二、請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。9．請聽材料，回答問題。（1）Howdoesthegirlfeelnow?A．Relaxed. B．Stressed. C．Excited.（2）Whatdoesthegirldobeforeanexam?A．Shedoesmorehomework. B．Sheasksteachersforhelp. C．Shelistenstomusic.10．請聽材料,回答問題。（1）Whendidthemanmovetoanewplace?A．Lastweek. B．Lastmonth. C．Lastyear.（2）Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Thestreetsaredirtyinthenewarea. B．Therearefewcarsaroundthenewarea.C．Themanmaythinkaboutbuyingabike.11．請聽材料,回答問題。（1）WhatkindofmoviesdoesMarylike?A．Actionmovies. B．Comedies. C．Scarymovies.（2）Whatmighttheydotonight?A．Goshopping. B．Goforadrink. C．Stayathome.（3）WhatdoweknowaboutPeterandMary?A．Peterisinterestedinactionmovies. B．MaryasksPetertoseeamovietonight.C．Theyofteneatoutneartheirhome.12．請聽材料,回答問題（1）Whattimeisthemangoingtogetuptomorrowmorning?A．At6:00. B．At7:00. C．At8:00.（2）Wherewouldthemanliketohaveamealthisevening?A．Inthestreet. B．Inhisroom. C．Inthedininghall.（3）Whatcanwegetfromtheconversation?A．Thereisapostofficenexttothehotel. B．Themancangetafreedinnerinthehotel.C．ThemancanusetheInternetinthehotel.13．請聽材料,回答問題（1）WhyisTuesdayaproblemforMr.Clark?A．Becausehehasclassesonthatday. B．Becausehehasabusinesstriponthatday.C．Becausehehasateachers'meetingonthatday.（2）Howwillthestudentsgotothemuseum?A．Bytrain. B．Bybus. C．Bysubway.（3）Howmuchdotheypayforaticketinastudentgroup?A．$12. B．S20. C．$15.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthemonologue?A．Themuseumisclosedonweekends. B．They'regoingontheschooltriponThursday.C．Studentshavetogettotheschoolat1:55.三、請聽下面一段獨白,根據(jù)獨白內容完成下列句子,每個空格不超過3個單詞。14．根據(jù)獨白內容完成下列句子,每個空格不超過3個單詞。（1）Theschoolopens.（2）Therearethreefortheirlessons.（3）Thestudentsgototodotheirtest.（4）Thestudentscanbuyandsnacksatbreak.（5）TheEnglishtestonlytakes.四、單項填空15．Thefoodisverydeliciousinthatrestaurant.Wecouldgoand______it.A．sell B．help C．produce D．try16．Susannevergetsupsetwhenshehastowaitinline.Sheisvery______.A．shy B．honest C．funny D．patient17．—CouldIspeaktoPaul?Iphoned_____.—Sorryheisstillinhismeeting.A．late B．earlier C．earliest D．later18．SorryI'mlate.I_______withafriendandIcompletelyforgotthetime.A．talk B．a(chǎn)mtalking C．wastalking D．willtalk19．Ilivenearabig_______.Itgetsverynoisyonmatchdays.A．hospital B．store C．bank D．playground20．—Canstudentsgoonlineduringlessons?—Theycan________itisforthatlesson.A．if B．or C．so D．but21．Kidshavetotakemanyafterschoolclasses.They_______hardtostudyforgoodgrades.A．push B．a(chǎn)repushed C．a(chǎn)repushing D．havepushed22．We________apartyforKate.It'ssupposedtobeasurprise.A．werehaving B．had C．willhave D．havehad五、完型填空23．完形填空Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!Sopurpleisoneofthemost（1）colorstoday.Butinthepast,purplewasaveryexpensiveandunusualcolor.Let'stakealookattherich（2）ofthecolorpurple.SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsago（3）lookedpurple,notgreen.Plantstodayaregreenbecause（4）usegreenchlorophyll(葉綠素)toproduceenergy.（5）theseearlyplantsprobablyusedsomethingcalledretinal,whichisadarkpurplecolor.DuringthetimeoftheromanEmpire(37BC-476AD),itwasvery（6）tomakepurpledye(染料).Thedyecamefromseasnails(海螺).But10.000deadseasnails（7）youjustonegram(克)ofpurpledye…aswellasaverybadsmell!This（8）purpledyewascalledTyrianpurple,anditwasthepreferred（9）ofemperors.In16th--centuryEngland,purplewas（10）fortheking'sfamilymembers.QueenElizabethIsclotheswerepurple,butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedto（11）thecolor.In1856.WilliamPerkin,an18-year-old（12）student,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment(實驗).Thechemicals(化學藥品)heusedtocleanhisinstruments（13）withthechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.This（14）Perkintostartacompanyusingthischemicalmixturetomakepurpledye.Thedyewasmuch（15）thanseasnaildye.ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.（1）A．peaceful B．popular C．exciting D．serious（2）A．history B．style C．research D．product（3）A．gradually B．especially C．exactly D．probably（4）A．others B．they C．we D．some（5）A．And B．So C．But D．Until（6）A．dangerous B．common C．difficult D．strange（7）A．got B．passed C．wasted D．cost（8）A．basic B．harmful C．special D．perfect（9）A．color B．smell C．plant D．a(chǎn)nimal（10）A．even B．never C．seldom D．only（11）A．wear B．sell C．change D．make（12）A．geography B．science C．a(chǎn)rt D．math（13）A．compared B．mixed C．collected D．kept（14）A．survey B．suggestion C．discovery D．exam（15）A．healthier B．thicker C．cheaper D．darker六、選詞填空24．請先閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空。每個詞限用一次。knowlifedifferentbackandinterestingsignrealfindtheyTheplanetMarsistheclosestandmostsimilarplanettoEarth.Itisverytoscientists.Forexample,Marshasseasonswithweather,butotherplanetshavethesametemperaturesallyearround.WasthereonMars?Tofindout,scientistsneedifMarseverhadwater.In2004.tworobotexplores(探測器),or'rovers',calledSpiritandOpportunityweresenttolookforofwater.Theseroverscandriveoverrocksallkindofroughground.TheycanalsousecamerasandsendphotostoEarth.First,thetworoversfoundchemicalsandpatterns(圖文)intherocksthatwereprobablymadebywater.Then,theymovedtoanotherareaandotherrockswhichmayhavebeencreatedbywater.Nowscientiststhinktherewasprobablywaterontheplanetlongago.Todayarestillnotsureiftherewaslifeonthemars.Theyneedmoreinformationtodecide.Thediscoveriesofthetworoversansweredsomeoldquestions,buttheyalsobroughtupmanynewones.七、閱讀理解25．閱讀理解Sciencemuseum(TheScienceofSurvival,IMAX&SIMEX)TheScienceMuseumhassomethingforeveryone.Entrytothemuseumisfree.OfferappliestoIMAX3DCinema,SIMEXandTheScienceofSurvivalexhibitiononly.IMAX￡7.50SIMEX￡4.00TheScienceofSurvival￡6.00OpeningTimes:Daily10:00-18:00VisitTime:2hoursNationalGalleryOpeningTimes:Daily10am-7pmWednesdayuntil9pmAdmission:￡8adults.￡4students,under12sfreeTickets:Availabledailyfrom10amTelephone:02077472885VZSLLondonZThereareover12,000amazinganimalsforyoutosee.ThesearejustafewthingswhichmakeavisittoZSLLondonZooagreatday.TicketPrice:￡17.00OpeningTimes:Daily10:00-17:30VisitTime:4hours（1）HowmuchdoesthetickettoZSLLondonZoocost?A．￡8.00. B．￡17.50. C．￡17.00. D．￡7.50.（2）WhereistheScienceofSurvivalexhibitionheld?A．AttheNationalgallery. B．AttheScienceMuseum.C．AtZSLLondonzoo. D．AtIMAX3DCinema.（3）HowlongistheNationalGalleryopenonWednesday?A．4hours. B．8hours. C．7hours. D．11hours.26．閱讀理解Ayoungwomanturnsaroundandaroundquickly,andjumpshigh.Inthebackground,ayounggirlreadsarejection(拒絕)letterfromaballetschool.Youhavethewrongbodyforballet,'itsays,'andatthirteen,youaretooold.Thiswasoneofthemostpopularadvertisements(廣告)of2014anditdescribesAmericanballetTheatre'sprincipal(主要的)dancerMistyCopeland.Thiswasnotarealletter.ButCopelandsaysitisverysimilartolettersfromherchildhood.Whilemanydancersstartattheageofthree.Copelandonlybegantostudyballetin1995asathirteen-year-old.Peopleoftentoldherthatshewastooold,orthatshedidn'thavetheperfectbodytype(Sheisonly157cmtall).Herfamilymovedalot,anditwassometimesdifficultforhertoattendballetclasses.ButCopelandloveddancinganddidnotwanttogiveup.Shestayedwithherballetteacherduringtheweekandspenttimewithherfamilyonlyattheweekend.Thiswasadifficultlife,butsheworkedhardandwonherfirstnationalcompetitionwhenshewasfourteenyearsold.CopelandjoinedtheAmericanBalletTheatrein2000andperformedinmanyballetsoverthenextfewyears.In2007,shebecameasolo(單獨的)performer,andin2015shebecameitsprincipaldancer.Copelandisnowadancer,authorandBroadwayperformer.Shealsostarsinthe2015filmABallerina'sTale.Sowhat'snext?AccordingtoCopeland,anythingispossible:"Mycareer(職業(yè))reallyisjustnowbeginning.'（1）HowoldwasCopelandwhenshebecametheprincipaldancer?A．13. B．14. C．25. D．33.（2）WhywasitdifficultforCopelandtoattendballetclasses?A．Becauseherfamilymovedalot. B．Becauseshewasnotagooddancer.C．Becauseshehadnoinvitationletter. D．Becauseshehadthewrongbodytype.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Copelandbecamesuccessfulbecauseoftheadvertisement.B．Copelandhadtospendalotoftimeawayfromherparents.C．Copelandwonherfirstnationalcompetitionasasoloperformer.D．CopelandhasendeduphercareerasanactressonBroadway.（4）What'sthewriter'sopinionofCopeland?A．Copelandsetsanexamplewhonevergivesup. B．Copelandwastoooldtostartballetatthirteen.C．Copelandhasmadeherachievementsbyaccident.D．Copelandwasluckytogetsupportfromtheballetschool.27．閱讀理解Manypeoplesaydolphinsareintelligent.Theyseemtobeabletothink,understandandlearnthingsquickly.Butaretheyassmartashumans,oraretheymorelikecatsanddogs?Dolphinsusetheirbrainsquitedifferentlyfromthewayhumansdo.Butscientistssaydolphinsandhumansareverysimilarinsomeways.How?Likehumans,everydolphinhasitsown"name".Thenameisaspecialwhistle(哨聲).Eachdolphinchoosesaspecific(特有的)whistleforitself,usuallybyitsfirstbirthdayDolphinsarelikepeopleinotherways,too.They"talk"toeachotheraboutalotofthings-suchastheirage,theirfeelings,andfindingfood.Theyalsouseasystemofsoundsandbodylanguagetocommunicate.Understandingdolphinconversationisnoteasyforhumans.Noone"speaksdolphin"yet,butsomescientistsaretryingtolearn.Dolphinsarealsosocialanimals.Theyliveingroupscalledpods,andtheyoftenjoinothersfromdifferentpodstoplaygamesandhavefun--justlikepeople.Scientistsbelieveplayingtogetherissomethingonlyintelligentanimalsdo.Dolphinsandhumansaresimilarinanotherway:bothspeciesmakeplansforgettingthingstheywant.IntheseasofsouthernBrazil,forexample,dolphinsuseanintelligentplantogetfood.Whentherearefishnearaboat,dolphinssignal(發(fā)信號)tothefishermentoputtheirnetsinthewater.Usingthismethod,themencancatchalotoffish.Whydodolphinshelpthemen?Thereisanadvantageforthemtheygettoeatsomeofthefishthatescape(逃脫)fromthenet.（1）Whatisadolphin's“name”?A．Itisakindofgame. B．Itisabodysign.C．Itisadolphin'sage. D．Itisaspecificsound.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"others"referto?A．Otherfishes. B．Otherpeople.C．Otherdolphins. D．Othergames.（3）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Somescientistscanunderstanddolphinssystemofsounds.B．Dolphinsprobablyhelpfishermenbyusingtheirbodylanguage.C．Humansjoindolphins'groupstogetthingswewant.D．Dolphinscantalktohumansabouttheirageandtheirfeelings.（4）What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Dolphinscancommunicatewitheachotheratbirth.B．Dolphinsaresocialanimalsbecausetheyplaytogether.C．Dolphinsaresmartandarelikehumansinsomeways.D．Dolphinshelphumansdomanythingslikecatchingfish.28．閱讀理解Everyyearon15thOctober,over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldtakepartinGlobalHandwashingDay.Butwhydowehaveadayforsomethingwedoallthetime?Well,researchshowsthatnotenoughpeopleoftenwashtheirhandswithsoap.Expertsbelievethatthisleadstothedeathsofmillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Sidibe,apublichealthexpertsayssoapisthemostbeautifulinventioninpublichealth'.Washingyourhandswithsoapcanhaveahugeimpactonreducing(減少)thespreadofdiseases.Handwashingwithsoappreventsbabiesfromgettingillandkeepschildrenhealthyandinschool.However,washinghandswithsoapdoesnothappenasoftenasyoumightthink.Thisispartlybecausetherearen'tenoughresources(資源)inpoorercountries,butit'salsobecauseformanypeople,handwashingissimplynotpartoftheireverydaylife.It'snoteasytogetpeopletochangehabitstheylearnedinearlychildhood--butthisiswhatGlobalHandwashingDaywantstodo.In2008,theIndiancricketteamjoinedaround100millionIndianschoolchildreninwashingtheirhandstopromote(促進)thefirsteverGlobalHandwashingDay.Everyyearsincethen,manydifferenteventshavebeenheldaroundtheworld.In2014.GlobalHandwashingDaywasusedinthefightagainstEbola,averyseriousdisease,witheventsheldinaffected(受感染的)Africancountries.Today,localandnationalleaderscontinuetousethedaytospreadthemessageabouttheimportanceofcleanhands.Thehopeisthathandwashingbecomesanecessarypartofpeople'slivesandimprovesthehealthofmillionsaroundtheworld.（1）WhostartedGlobalHandwashingDay?A．Publichealthexperts. B．TheIndians.C．Africanschoolchildren. D．Governmentleaders.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impact"mean?A．Danger. B．Influence. C．Background. D．Problem.（3）What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Washinghandswithsoapisgoodforpublichealth.B．Washinghandswithsoapdoesn'tbecomepartofpeople'slives.C．Peopleareholdingmanydifferenteventstofightagainstdiseases.D．Peopleallovertheworldareencouragedtowashhandswithsoap.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．LearningtoUseSoap. B．FightingAgainstDiseases.C．LivingaHealthyLife. D．ChangingYourHabits.八、任務型閱讀29．任務型閱讀Isthereaconnectionbetweenmusicandlanguage?Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisyes:Here,welookattwoexamplesArecentstudybyresearcherKrausshowsthatplayingamusicalinstrumentcanimproveaperson'shearingability.Thepeopleinthefirstgroupweremusicians,whilethoseinthesecondgrouphadnomusicaltraining.Themusicianswereabletohearthetalkingpersonmoreclearly.Thinkaboutviolinistsinanorchestra(管弦樂團).Whentheviolinistsplaywiththegroup,theyheartheirowninstrumentandmanyothers,too.Buttheviolinistsmustlistencloselytowhattheyareplaying,andpaynoattentiontotheothersounds.Inthisway,musiciansareabletofocusoncertainsounds,eveninaroomwithlotsofnoise.Schlaug,adoctoratHarvardMedicalSchool,workswithstroke(中風)patients.Becauseoftheirillness,thesepeoplecannotsaytheirnames,addresses,orotherinformationnormally.However,theycanstillsing.Whydoesthiswork?Schlaugisn'tsure.Musicseemstomakedifferentpartsofthebrainwork,includingthedamaged(損壞的)parts.Thismighthelppatientstousethatpartofthebrainagain.Musicimprovesconcentration(注意力),memory,listeningskills,andouroveralllanguageabilities.Playinganinstrumentorsingingcanhelpusdobetterinschoolandkeepourbrainsharp(敏銳的)aswegetolder.Musicisnotonlyenjoyable,it'salsogoodforusinmanyotherways.A.Itcanevenhelpsickpeoplegetbetter.BMusichelpspeoplesolvesomehearingproblems.C.Musicimprovescertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.D.Theviolinistsdeveloptheirmemoriesbyplayingtheviolin.EMusicianshearbetterbecausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.F.Schlaugwassurprisedtofindthatsingingwordshelpedhispatientstospeak.G.Inhisstudytwogroupsofpeoplelistenedtoapersontalkinginanoisyroom.九、補全對話30．請閱讀下面對話,根據(jù)對話內容從方框中選擇恰當?shù)木渥犹钊肟瞻滋?使對話通順、合理，意思完整。(SandraandLukeplantheirtriptoCapeTown.S=SandraL=Luke)S:OK,that'stheflight(航班).Let'slookforahotelnow.L:Threenights--Friday,SaturdayandSunday.Arethereanyhotelsneartheairport?S:Yes,thereare.Buttheyareexpensive.Justaminute…no,therearen'tanycheaphotelsneartheairport.Theyareallexpensive.L:Wow!Well,whataboutayouthhostel(青年旅社)?Isthereayouthhostelneartheairport?S:OK,let'ssee.Idon'tthinksono,thereisn't.Idon'tlikeyouthhostels.L:OK.Let'slookinthecitycentre.Arethereanycheaphotelsthere?S:Yes,ofcoursethereareL:Well,that'sgood.Andisthereabustothecitycentre?S:Abusfromtheairport?Yes,thereis.Thereisn'tatrain,butthat'sOK.L:Andtherearetaxis,too.S:OK,solet'slookatthesehotels.A.Ithinkthebusisfine.

B.Weneedaroomfortwo.C.Doyoulikeayouthhostel?D.Isitfortwonightsorthree?E.Theyaren'tverycomfortable.F.There'sabuseverytwentyminutes.G.Thisoneisfourhundreddollarsanight.十、書面表達31．假如國外中學生來你校進行為期一周的交流學習,期間計劃參加一項中國傳統(tǒng)文化的主題活動,為此向你們征求活動方案(plan)請你根據(jù)下面表格中的信息提示,寫一篇英語短文,介紹你提供的活動方案,內容包括:茶或者民樂介紹,活動安排以及與之相關的理由。要求:1）從表格中任選一個主題,合理安排活動;2）短文條理清楚,行文連貫,內容可適當發(fā)揮;3）短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實的人名和地名;4）詞數(shù)不少于80,開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。ChineseCultureIntroductionScheduleReasonsTeaPastandpresentTime:__Places:teafarm,teahouseActivities:⒈teaprocessing⒉ateaartperformance…FolkMusicMusicpiecesAndtraditionalinstrumentsTime:__Places:musicroom,schoolhallActivities:⒈takemusicalinstrumentclasses⒉attendafolkmusicconcert…Hello,friends.I'vegotaplanforyouwhichmayhelpyoulearnaboutChineseculture.Firstofall,I'dliketointroduceHopeyouwillhaveagoodtime.

答案解析部分1．【答案】A2．【答案】B3．【答案】A4．【答案】C5．【答案】A6．【答案】C7．【答案】B8．【答案】B9．【答案】（1）A（2）C10．【答案】（1）B（2）C11．【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B12．【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C13．【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B14．【答案】（1）onMonday（2）levels（3）Room16/room16（4）coffee（5）anhour/onehour/1hour15．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：那家飯館的飯菜很可口。我們可以去試一試。A.sell銷售；B.help幫助；C.produce生產(chǎn)；D.try嘗試。根據(jù)句意語境，可知try合乎句意，故選D。

【點評】考查動詞詞義辨析題。根據(jù)語境選出合適的動詞，確保句意通順。16．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：當蘇珊排隊等候時，她從不心煩意亂。她很有耐心。nevergetupset從不心煩意亂，表明有耐心，用patient，耐心的。故選D。

【點評】考查形容詞辨析題。牢記形容詞的詞義。17．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:——我能和保羅通話嗎?我早些時候打電話來。——對不起，他還在開會。still仍然，根據(jù)對句Sorryheisstillinhismeeting.結合句意語境,可知打電話更早些，用副詞比較級，故選B。

【點評】考查副詞比較級辨析。根據(jù)語境選出合適的選項，確保句子通順。18．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：對不起，我遲到了。我和一個朋友聊天，我完全忘記了時間。and連接并列結構，前后時態(tài)須一致，forgot是過去式，可排除A、B和D三項。根據(jù)句意語境，故選C。

【點評】考查動詞時態(tài)辨析題。熟記and連接兩個并列結構。19．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我住在一個大操場附近。比賽日非常吵鬧。A.醫(yī)院，B.商場，C.銀行，D.操場，onmatchdays在比賽日；根據(jù)句意語境，可知是操場附近，故選D。

【點評】考查名詞辨析題。熟記這些名詞。20．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：—學生可以在課上上網(wǎng)嗎？—如果是為了上課，他們可以上網(wǎng)。if如果，表條件；or或者，表選擇；so所以，表結果；but但是，表轉折。答句是條件狀語從句，需用if連接。根據(jù)句意結構，故選A。

【點評】考查連詞辨析題。根據(jù)語境選出合適的連詞，確保句子通順。21．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：孩子們不得不上很多課外班。他們被逼著刻苦學習以求好成績。句中的they指上文的kids，是動詞push的受動者，需用被動語態(tài)，be+過去分詞，故選B。

【點評】考查被動語態(tài)。熟記被動語態(tài)的結構，并能熟練運用。22．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我們將為凱特舉辦一個聚會。這應該是個驚喜。根據(jù)句意語境可知舉辦聚會這個動作還沒有發(fā)生，需用一般將來時，故選C。

【點評】考查動詞時態(tài)辨析題。熟練掌握時態(tài)的用法。23．【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）A；（12）B；（13）B；（14）C；（15）C【解析】【分析】這篇說明文通過對比和舉例，介紹了紫色的來歷和發(fā)展，說明紫色曾經(jīng)是是一種非常昂貴和不尋常的顏色，但在科學家Perkin的努力下，用兩種化學混合物制造紫色染料，終于使紫色成為當今最流行的顏色之一。

（1）考查形容詞辨析題。句意：所以紫色是當今最流行的顏色之一。根據(jù)開頭Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!，可知紫色很流行，故選B。

（2）考查名詞辨析題。句意：讓我們來看看紫色的豐富歷史。根據(jù)下一段開頭SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsagoprobablylookedpurple,notgreen.，可知談的是紫色的歷史，故選A。

（3）考查副詞辨析題。句意：5億多年前出現(xiàn)在地球上的第一批植物可能看起來是紫色的，而不是綠色的。A.gradually漸漸地；B.especially尤其；C.exactly真地；D.probably可能。本句表推測，需用probably；根據(jù)句意語境，故選D。

（4）考查代詞辨析題。句意：今天的植物是綠色的，因為它們用綠色的葉綠素產(chǎn)生能量。空格指代上文的plants，復數(shù)形式，需用they；根據(jù)句意語境，故選B。

（5）考查連詞辨析題。句意：但是這些早期的植物可能使用了一種叫做視網(wǎng)膜的東西，它是一種深紫色?？崭袂昂笫乾F(xiàn)在的和早期的對比，屬于轉折關系，需用but連接；根據(jù)句意語境，故選C。

（6）考查形容詞辨析題。句意：在羅馬帝國時期，很難制造紫色染料。根據(jù)下文Thedyecamefromseasnails.But10.000deadseasnailsgotyoujustonegramofpurpledye…10只死海蝸牛只得到一克紫色染料，可知很難得，故選C。

（7）考查動詞辨析題。句意：染料來自海螺。但是10000只死海蝸牛只給了你一克紫色染料。A.got得到；B.passed通過；C.wasted浪費；D.cost價值。根據(jù)句意語境，可知后面三項意思都與句意不合，故選A。

（8）考查形容詞辨析題。句意：這種特殊的紫色染料被稱為提利紫色，它是皇帝的首選顏色。根據(jù)前文Thedyecamefromseasnails.染料來自海蝸牛，可知很特別，故選C。

（9）考查名詞辨析題。句意：它是皇帝的首選顏色。根據(jù)上文wascalledTyrianpurple，可知是顏色，A.basic基礎的；B.harmful有害的；D.perfect完美的，均不合句意，可排除。故選A。

（10）考查副詞辨析題。句意：在第十六世紀的英國，紫色只是為國王的家庭成員。根據(jù)下文butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedtowearthecolor.普通人不允許穿這種顏色，可知是“只為王室”，故選D。

（11）考查動詞辨析題。句意：但是普通人是不允許穿這種顏色的。根據(jù)句意語境，可知wear符合句意，故選A。

（12）考查名詞辨析題。句意：1856年，18歲的理科學生WilliamPerkin在做實驗時注意到一些奇怪的東西。根據(jù)下文Thechemicalsheusedtocleanhisinstrumentsmixedwiththechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.，兩種化學藥品混合產(chǎn)生了反應（產(chǎn)生紫色），可知做的是科學實驗，故選B。

（13）考查動詞辨析題。句意：他用來清洗儀器的化學藥品與他在實驗中使用的化學藥品混合，產(chǎn)生了明亮的紫色。mixwith（使）與……混合；根據(jù)句意語境，故選B。

（14）考查名詞辨析題。句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使Perkin創(chuàng)辦了一家用這種化學混合物生產(chǎn)紫色染料的公司。根據(jù)上文WilliamPerkin,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment.Perkin可知是在做實驗時注意到的，所以是他的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。

（15）考查形容詞比較級。句意：這種染料比海螺染料便宜得多。根據(jù)下文ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.任何人都買得起紫色衣服，可知更便宜，故選C。

【點評】考查綜合運用知識的能力。首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據(jù)上下文，固定搭配，語法知識，常識和邏輯推理等斟酌字句，選出恰當?shù)拇鸢?，確保文章通順、完整。24．【答案】interesting；different；life；toknow；signs；and；back；found；they；really【解析】【分析】這篇科普文介紹了科學家為了知道火星是否有水所做的科學探索。2004年，兩個名為“精神與機遇”的機器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去火星尋找水的跡象，發(fā)現(xiàn)了可能是水制造的化學物質和圖案，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他可能是由水造成的巖石。

（1）句意：這對科學家來說是非常有趣的。very非常，副詞修飾形容詞；根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示可知所缺詞是有趣的，interesting，故答案為interesting。

（2）句意：火星有不同天氣的季節(jié)，但其他行星全年都有相同的溫度。weather天氣，名詞需用形容詞修飾；根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示可知所缺詞是不同的different，故答案為different。

（3）句意：火星上有生命嗎？therebe結構遵循就近原則，was后接單數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示可知所缺詞是生命life，故答案為life。

（4）句意：為了找到答案，科學家們需要知道火星上是否有水。need需要，用于肯定句時多是實義動詞，需要做某事：needtodosth.,根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示可知所缺詞是知道know，故答案為toknow。

（5）句意：2004年，兩個名為“精神與機遇”的機器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去尋找水的跡象。根據(jù)of所有格結構和英文提示可知所缺詞是跡象sign,此處用復數(shù)表示類別，故答案為signs。

（6）句意：這些流浪者可以在巖石和各種粗糙的地面上駕駛。rocks和roughground是并列關系，需要and連接；根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示，故答案為and。

（7）句意：它們還可以使用相機把照片發(fā)送回地球。sendbackto送回某個地方；根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示，故答案為back。

（8）句意：然后，它們搬到另一個地區(qū)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他可能是由水造成的巖石。and連接并列結構，根據(jù)句意結構，可知缺動詞，結合時態(tài)和英文提示可知要用一般過去時，發(fā)現(xiàn)：find，故答案為found。

（9）句意：今天他們仍然不確定火星上是否有生命。本句缺主語，根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示，可知scientists需用they替代，故答案為they。

（10）句意：他們真的需要更多的信息來決定。need需要，動詞需用副詞修飾；根據(jù)句意結構和英文提示，故答案為really。

【點評】考查選詞填空。首先通讀全文，然后根據(jù)語法知識、上下文、邏輯推理、固定短語和句式等從所給單詞中選出適合的單詞，并注意變換形式。25．【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文公示了“生存科學展”“國家美術館”和“ZSL倫敦動物園”的廣告信息。

（1）題意：ZSL倫敦動物園的門票要多少錢？考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個廣告信息TicketPrice:￡17.00，故選C。

（2）題意：生存科學展在哪里舉行？考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告的標題Sciencemuseum，故選B。

（3）題意：國家美術館在星期三開放多長時間？考查數(shù)字理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告信息OpeningTimes:Daily10am-7pmWednesdayuntil9pm，可知21-10=11，故選D。

【點評】考查閱讀理解能力。通讀全文，掌握大意，根據(jù)問題在文章中找到細節(jié)，選出答案，熟記廣告類的閱讀技巧。26．【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，講述了曾經(jīng)因為年齡太太被舞蹈學校拒絕的科普蘭憑借自己的努力成為了一名舞蹈家、作家和百老匯演員。詮釋了一切皆有可能的道理。

（1）題意：當她成為首席舞蹈家時，科普蘭有多大年紀？考查細節(jié)理解和數(shù)字理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三行Copelandonlybegantostudyballetin1995asathirteen-year-old.1995年她13歲，結合段尾andin2015shebecameitsprincipaldancer.2015年成為首席舞蹈家，可知2015—1995+13=33，故選D。

（2）題意：為什么科普蘭很難參加芭蕾舞課？考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Herfamilymovedalot,anditwassometimesdifficultforhertoattendballetclasses.，可知她老師搬家導致很難去上芭蕾舞課，故選A。

（3）題意：根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項是正確的？考查細節(jié)理解題。A.Copelandbecamesuccessfulbecauseoftheadvertisement.因為廣告，科普蘭成功了。B.Copelandhadtospendalotoftimeawayfromherparents.科普蘭不得不花很多時間離開父母。C.Copelandwonherfirstnationalcompetitionasasoloperformer.作為一位獨奏演員，科普蘭贏得了她的第一次全國比賽。D.CopelandhasendeduphercareerasanactressonBroadway.科普蘭結束了她在百老匯的女演員生涯。根據(jù)Shestayedwithherballetteacherduringtheweekandspenttimewithherfamilyonlyattheweekend.，可知她不得不花很多時間離開父母，故選B。

（4）題意：作者對Copeland的看法是什么？考查細節(jié)理解題。A.Copelandsetsanexamplewhonevergivesup.科普蘭樹立了一個永不放棄的榜樣。B.Copelandwastoooldtostartballetatthirteen.科普蘭年紀太大，不能在十三歲開始芭蕾舞。C.Copelandhasmadeherachievementsbyaccident.科普蘭意外地取得了成就。D.Copelandwasluckytogetsupportfromtheballetschool.科普蘭很幸運得到芭蕾舞學校的支持。根據(jù)短文內容，雖然作者寫道她跳芭蕾較晚，但這不是作者的觀點而是別人的看法，作者講述的是Copeland面對困難永不言棄的經(jīng)歷，故選A。

【點評】考查閱讀理解能力。在通讀全文掌握大意的基礎上，在文章中找到問題的依據(jù)，選出正確答案。27．【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了海豚在各方面與人類的相似點。

（1）題意：海豚的名字是什么？考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thenameisaspecialwhistle，可知是一種特殊的哨音，故選D。

（2）題意：劃線詞“others”指的是什么？考查詞義理解題。根據(jù)Dolphinsarealsosocialanimals.Theyliveingroupscalledpods,andtheyoftenjoinothersfromdifferentpodstoplaygamesandhavefun--justlikepeople.，可知指的是其他的海豚，故選C。

（3）題意：從這篇文章中我們能推斷出什么？考查推理判斷題。A.Somescientistscanunderstanddolphinssystemofsounds.一些科學家能理解海豚的聲音系統(tǒng)。B.Dolphinsprobablyhelpfishermenbyusingtheirbodylanguage.海豚可能通過使用他們的肢體語言來幫助漁民。C.Humansjoindolphins'groupstogetthingswewant.人類加入海豚團體來獲得我們想要的東西。D.Dolphinscantalktohumansabouttheirageandtheirfeelings.海豚可以和人類談論他們的年齡和情感。根據(jù)Whentherearefishnearaboat,dolphinssignaltothefishermentoputtheirnetsinthewater.Usingthismethod,themencancatchalotoffish.，可知海豚可能會通過使用它們的肢體語言來幫助漁民捕魚，故選B。

（4）題意：這篇文章的主要思想是什么？考查主旨理解題。A.Dolphinscancommunicatewitheachotheratbirth.海豚可以在出生時互相交流；文中沒有提及atbirth，故說法錯誤。B.Dolphinsaresocialanimalsbecausetheyplaytogether.海豚是群居動物，因為它們在一起玩耍；這是結果而非原因，故說法錯誤。C.Dolphinsaresmartandarelikehumansinsomeways.海豚是聰明的，在某些方面就像人類一樣；根據(jù)Butscientistssaydolphinsandhumansareverysimilarinsomeways.，可知說法正確。D.Dolphinshelphumansdomanythingslikecatchingfish.海豚幫助人類做很多事情，比如捕魚；文中沒有提到海豚能幫助人類做很多事情，可知說法錯誤。根據(jù)以上分析，故選C。

【點評】考查閱讀理解能力。首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據(jù)問題和選項在文章中找出細節(jié)和依據(jù)，選出正確答案。28．【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了全球洗手日對清潔雙手的促進作用，借全球洗手日來表現(xiàn)清潔雙手對人體健康的重要意義。

（1）題意：誰開始了全球洗手日？考查細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段In2008,theIndiancricketteamjoinedaround100millionIndianschoolchildreninwashingtheirhandstopromotethefirsteverGlobalHandwashingDay.，是印度人開始了全球洗手日，故選B。

（2）題意：下劃線單詞“impact”是什么意思？考查詞義理解題。根據(jù)第二段Washingyourhandswithsoapcanhaveahugeimpactonreducingthespreadofdiseases.Handwashingwithsoappreventsbabiesfromgettingillandkeepschildrenhealthyandinschool.用肥皂洗手對減少疾病的傳播有