專題03形容詞副詞（復習講義）中考英語二輪復習（學生版）

專題03形容詞&副詞復習講義【要點歸納|典例解析】一、形容詞、副詞的句法功能均起修飾作用。形容詞在句中作定/表/賓語補足語；副詞可作狀/表/補/定語。如：It’ssunnytoday.“今天天氣晴朗?！?sunny作表語)Studentsshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.“學生應該保持教室干凈。”(clean作賓補)Lifehereisrichandinteresting.“這里的生活既豐富又有趣?！?here作后置定語)KunquOperaiswidelythoughttobeoneofthesymbolsofSuzhou.“昆曲被廣泛認為是蘇州的象征之一?！?widely作狀語)1. 形容詞排列順序：限定詞—數(shù)詞—描繪詞(大小，長短/高矮，形狀，年齡/新舊，顏色)—國籍/產(chǎn)地—材料—名詞。如：asmallroundtable,adirtyoldbrownshirt,afamousGermanmedicalschool,anexpensiveJapanesecar【口訣】大哥限描大，二哥形齡顏，小弟籍物類，同站名詞前。2. 副詞的位置副詞分類示例位置時間副詞already,now,finally一般放句末，有時放句首。若兩種同時出現(xiàn)，地點副詞置前。地點副詞here,there,home,around頻率副詞always,often,usually放在助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞之后，行為動詞之前，即“行前be后”。副詞分類示例位置程度副詞very,quite,too,so,almost一般放在被修飾詞之前，但enough要放在形容詞后。方式副詞carefully,successfully一般放在被修飾的動詞或動詞詞組后。3. “動詞＋副詞”構成的短語動詞和up,down,in等副詞構成動詞短語，作賓語的名詞可放副詞前或后，代詞則只能放副詞前。如：takeofftheshoes＝taketheshoesoff“脫掉鞋子”；putthemaway“把它們收好”二、名詞變形容詞構成方法示例名詞詞尾＋－y/－ern/－ly/－ful/－less/－en/－ouscloud→cloudy;east→eastern;friend→friendly;use→useful;care→careless;wood→wooden;danger→dangerous以－ence/－ance結尾的名詞變?yōu)椋璭nt/－antdifference→different;importance→important名詞＋－ablesuit→suitable;value→valuable其他science→scientific;energy→energetic;pride→proud三、形容詞變副詞構成方法示例直接在詞尾加lycareful→carefully;quick→quickly;bright→brightly以y結尾發(fā)音為/?/,把y變成i,再加lyeasy→easily;happy→happily發(fā)音為/a?/,則直接加lyshy→shyly;dry→dryly以元音字母＋e結尾去e加ly,true→truly以le結尾的形容詞，改e為yterrible→terribly;simple→simply;possible→possibly【溫馨提示】(1)有些詞以ly結尾，仍為形容詞，如：friendly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,weekly,daily等。(2)有些形容詞和副詞同形，如：early,late,low,fast,far,near等。1．（2022年廣西梧州市中考英語真題）—Itwillbe________thisafternoon.—Well,we’dbettertakeanumbrella,orwewillgetwet.A．rainy B．cloudy C．windy D．sunny2．（2022年四川省達州市中考英語真題）—Jessica,it’sraining________outside.—Oh,youshouldbe________whenyoudrivetowork.A．hard;careful B．hardly;careful C．hard;carefully D．hardly;carefully3．（河北省張家口市懷安縣20212022學年九年級上學期期末考試英語試題）Wewillhaveafieldtripthisafternoon.Thenewsmakeseveryone__________.A．excited B．frightened C．happily D．luckily4．（西藏自治區(qū)2021年中考英語試題）Themathproblemisso________,andthestudentscansolveit________.A．easy；easily B．easy；easy C．easily；easy D．easily；easily【答案】A5．（貴州省銅仁市2018年中考英語試題）—Look!Itisraining________.—That’sright.Therainistoo________togoshopping.A．heavily；heavy B．heavily；heavilyC．heavy；heavy D．heavy；heavily6．（四川省樂山市2016年中考英語試題）ThePizzasmells_______.Letmehaveonefirst.A．well B．good C．bad7．（內蒙古呼和浩特市2017年中考英語試題）Thepizzalooks______.Itismyfavourite.A．lovely B．sweetly C．softly D．healthily8．（上海市2021年中考英語試題）Yourideaofadayonthebeachsounds________.CanIjoinyou?A．lovely B．softly C．politely D．beautifully9．（專題01單項選擇《備戰(zhàn)2020年中考英語真題分類匯編》（上海））Themanagersounded____onthephone.Heofferedtoshowusaroundthepany.A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously10．（江蘇省常州市2019年中考英語試題）Jimiswatchingafootballmatchwhichisshown__________onTV.Thoughheisnotonthescene,hecanstillcheerforhisteam.A．lively B．live C．living D．a(chǎn)live11．（江蘇省常州市2019年中考英語試題）Inthelibrary,studentsarerequiredtokeep___________andmove____________.A．quiet;quiet B．quiet;quietly C．quietly;quiet D．quietly;quietly12．（2023年江蘇省揚州市寶應縣中考一模英語試題）AlthoughLeiFenghasbeendeadformorethan60years,LeiFeng’sspiritisstill________,encouragingayoungergenerationofChinese.A．lively B．live C．living D．a(chǎn)live13．（2023年上海市松江區(qū)中考一模英語試題）Mumsaid,“Jane,youshouldbemore________toyouryoungerbrother”.A．friendly B．politely C．gently D．softly14．（仁愛版英語九年級下冊中考模擬題（二））ThestudentsfromAmericaenjoystayinginourschoolbecauseeveryoneis________tothem.A．friendly B．gently C．happily D．politely15．（2023年上海市普陀區(qū)中考一模英語試題）May’ssister,Betty,isa________girl.Everybodylikesherverymuch.A．hardly B．beautifully C．lovely D．carefully16．（2023年上海市崇明區(qū)中考一模英語試題）“Youlook________inthatyellowandwhiteskirt.”Maysaidtoherfriend.A．quietly B．lovely C．politely D．happily17．（2023年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題）Therewasalittledogwaitingatthecornerofthestreetanditseemedso________.A．sadly B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．quietly D．lonely18．（牛津譯林版英語九年級下冊Unit1Asia階段復習（一））MissWangwasvery______becausethiskindofworkwastoo______.A．tiring;tiring B．tired;tired C．tiring;tired D．tired;tiring19．（2023年上海市閔行區(qū)中考一模英語試題）Helooked________whenheheardhefailedinthemathsexamyesterday.A．upset B．excited C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．happily20．（2023年上海市靜安區(qū)中考一模英語試題）Thelovelypetcatfeltextremely________whenhermasterhelditinthearms.A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety21．（2022年浙江省溫州市第二實驗中學中考一模英語試題）Tonyissucha________boyandhecanalwaysmakeupstorieswithsurprisingendings.A．helpful B．wealthy C．creative D．famous四、形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級1. 形容詞和副詞分原級、比較級和最高級，有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化情況構成方式原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加er或estlonglongerlongest以不發(fā)音e結尾的單音節(jié)詞末尾加r或stlatelaterlatest以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫輔音字母，再加er或estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以輔音字母加y結尾的雙音節(jié)詞變y為i,再加er或estearlyearlierearliesthappyhappierhappiest規(guī)則變化情況構成方式原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加er或estlonglongerlongest以不發(fā)音e結尾的單音節(jié)詞末尾加r或stlatelaterlatest以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞雙寫輔音字母，再加er或estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以輔音字母加y結尾的雙音節(jié)詞變y為i,再加er或estearlyearlierearliesthappyhappierhappiest情況構成方式原級比較級最高級多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在其前加more或mostusefulmoreusefulmostusefulcarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2. 原級的用法(1)very,quite,pretty,so,too,enough等程度副詞只能修飾原級。如：It’sveryimportantforustokeepsafe.“對于我們來說保證安全是很重要的。”(2)原級比較常見句型①A＋謂語＋as＋原級＋as＋B:A與B在某方面相同。如：Balanceddietsarejustasimportantasregularexerciseinourdailylife.“在我們的日常生活中，均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的鍛煉一樣重要?！雹贏＋謂語(否定)＋as/so＋原級＋as＋B＝A＋謂語＋less＋原級＋than＋B:A在某方面不如B。如：Adogisnotas/sodangerousasatiger.＝Adogislessdangerousthanatiger.“狗沒有老虎危險?！雹跘＋謂語＋half/倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋B:A是B的……的一半/倍。如：Theroadhasbeenenlargedtwiceaswideasbefore.“這條路被擴成原來的兩倍寬?！盠ucy’sbooksarehalfasthickasNancy’s.“露西的書是南希的一半厚?！?3)原級比較中，形容詞修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，不定冠詞和名詞放形容詞后。如：Thisisasgoodabookasanyotherbook.“這是本跟其他書一樣好的書?！盠ilyisascleveragirlasLisa.“莉莉是個跟莉薩一樣聰明的女孩?！保?023·安徽·模擬預測）“TheLakeofPeachBlossomisathousandfeetdeep,butnot________thefriendshipWangLunandIkeep.”isfromaveryfamouspoemwrittenbyLiBai.A．sodeepas B．sodeeperas C．a(chǎn)sdeeperas D．a(chǎn)sdeeplyas（2023·江蘇揚州·模擬預測）Abathusesabouttwiceas________waterasashower.A．more B．most C．much D．many3．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第六十九中學校?？家荒＃狹aryisnotso________asBetty.—Iagree.Bettyis________thananyothergirlinourclass.A．taller;taller B．taller;tallest C．tall;taller4．（2023·江蘇常州·常州實驗初中?？家荒＃㊣fyoudon’ttaketheGPSwithyou,youwillbe________ablindmanintherainforest.A．a(chǎn)sgoodas B．a(chǎn)swellas C．a(chǎn)ssillyas D．a(chǎn)sslowas5．（2022·海南省直轄縣級單位·?？寄M預測）Thisreadingisnot________thatone.A．a(chǎn)seasieras B．soeasythan C．a(chǎn)seasyas6．（2023·上海·統(tǒng)考一模）Peterthinkstheenvironmentinhishometownis________before.Boththeairandthewaterarebadlypolluted.A．a(chǎn)sgoodas B．muchbetterthan C．notsogoodas D．moreworsethan7．（2022·湖北襄陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whichdoyoulikebetter,mathorphysics?—Bothofthemaremyfavoritesubjects.Ithinkmathisas_________asphysics.A．interesting B．moreinteresting C．lessinteresting D．mostinteresting9．（2021·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Dr.YuanLongpinghadadreamthathecoulddevelopriceas________aspeanuts(花生).A．large B．largest C．larger D．thelargest10．（2020·上海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Balanceddietsarejustas________asregularexerciseinourdailylife．A．important B．moreimportantC．mostimportant D．themostimportant11．（2020·湖北咸寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Doesthedishtasteas___________asitlooks?

—Yes.Ican'twaittoeatit.A．well B．good C．better D．best12．（2021·廣西桂林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Guilinisn’tas________asBeijing.A．big B．bigger C．biggest13．（2021·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—IsLarryas________asOliver?—No,heisn’t.Larryisshorter.A．taller B．tall C．thetallest14．（2022·湖南益陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Isyourhairas________asMary’s?—No,itisn’t.Hersis________thanmine.A．long;long B．longer;long C．long;longer15．（2023·上海青浦·統(tǒng)考一模）Thescenicspotwevisitedduringtheholidaywasnotas________asweexpected.A．crowded B．morecrowded C．mostcrowded D．themostcrowded。3. 比較級的用法(1)比較級能用much,alittle,even,abit,afew,alot,still,far,rather,any等詞修飾。如：Thisstreetismuchwiderthanthatone.“這條街比那條要寬得多?！?2)比較級常見句型①A＋謂語＋比較級＋than＋B:A比B更……。如：Dreamsarepowerfulandtheycandriveyoutoworkharderandbeebetterthanbefore.“夢想是強大的，它可以驅動你更加努力工作，變得比以前更好?！雹贏＋謂語＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋B:A是B的……倍。如：Thetableistwicebiggerthanthatone.“這張餐桌是那張的兩倍大?！雹郾容^級＋and＋比較級：越來越……；多音節(jié)詞則為：moreandmore＋原級。如：④the＋比較級，the＋比較級：越……越……。如：Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.“你越努力學習，就會得到越好的成績。”(3)比較數(shù)量時，數(shù)量多用more;數(shù)量少，可數(shù)名詞用fewer,不可數(shù)名詞用less。如：Ihavemoremilkthanfruitjuice.＝Ihavelessfruitjuicethanmilk.“我的牛奶比果汁多?！?4)比較級否定結構可與同級比較的否定句相互轉換。如：IthinkmathislessinterestingthanChinese.＝Ithinkmathisnotas/sointerestingasChinese.“我認為數(shù)學沒有語文有趣?！?．（2023·湖北武漢·模擬預測）Aliceusedtobe_________.Butafterkeepingrunningforalongtime,shebees_________thanbefore.A．weak;healthy B．weak;healthier C．strong;healthily D．strong;morehealthily2．（2023·廣西柳州·統(tǒng)考一模）—HaveyouwatchedthefilmTheWanderingEarthII（流浪地球2）?—Yes,it’ssomoving.Ihaveneverseena________one.A．good B．better C．best3．（2023·湖北黃岡·統(tǒng)考二模）—HowdoyoulikeJason’sbooks?—Theyaremylastchoice.ThemoreIreadthem,________Ilikethem.A．theless B．theleast C．themore D．themost4．（2023·江蘇南通·模擬預測）—Wouldyouliketogotothecityandlivewithus,Grandpa?—Oh,dear,Iamusedtothelifeinthecountryside.Ithinklifehereis________.A．lessfortable B．theleastfortable C．morefortable D．themostfortable5．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考一模）—WhatdoyouthinkofthehomesfortheelderlyinChina,MrWhite?—I’veneverseen________onebefore.A．a(chǎn)good B．a(chǎn)better C．thebest D．a(chǎn)best6．（2023·江蘇鹽城·模擬預測）—AreyousatisfiedwithTom’snewworksofart?—Notabit.Theycouldn’tbe________.A．a(chǎn)nybetter B．a(chǎn)nyworse C．sobad D．thebest7．（2023·上海金山·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenautumnes,thenightsbee________thanthedays.A．long B．longer C．longest D．thelongest8．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學?？家荒＃〢smiddleschoolstudents,________timeyousleepthenightbefore,________youwilllistentotheteachersinclassthenextday.A．themore,themorecarefulB．theless,thelesscarelesslyC．themore,themorecarefully9．（2023·新疆·統(tǒng)考一模）The________welookafterourenvironment,the________ourworldwillbe.A．morecareful;morebeautiful B．morecarefully;morebeautifullyC．morecarefully;morebeautiful D．mostcarefully;mostbeautiful10．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第六十九中學校?？家荒＃狹aryisnotso________asBetty.—Iagree.Bettyis________thananyothergirlinourclass.A．taller;taller B．taller;tallest C．tall;taller11．（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·校聯(lián)考一模）—YouhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishspeaking.—Thankyou.Ibelieve________Iwork,thebettergradesIwillget.A．themorecareless B．themorecareful C．theharder D．theworse12．（2022·黑龍江雞西·?？家荒＃狢anyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?—It’seasy.________youwork,________gradesyoucanget.A．Thecareful,thegood B．Themorecarefully,thebetter C．Themorecareful,thebetter13．（2022·山東濟南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）AlthoughLinglingstudiesonlineathome,shestudies________thanbefore.A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．thehardest14．（2022·江西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whodoyouthinkwillwintherace,BoborTom?—ItmustbeBob.Ithinkheruns________.A．faster B．fastest C．moreslowly D．mostslowly15．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Royisagreatdancer.Hedances________thanothers.A．beautifully B．morebeautifully C．lessbeautifully D．mostbeautifully16．（2022·內蒙古·中考真題）Musicisaformofthought,aspowerfulasscience,somusiceducationis________thanpeoplegenerallyrealize.A．muchnecessary B．muchmorenecessary C．moremuchnecessary D．morenecessarier17．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theharderyouwork,the________youwillbe.A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck18．（2022·廣西桂林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tonyis________thanDarning.A．taller B．tall C．tallest19．（2022·上海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．moreattractive C．mostattractive D．themostattractive20．（2022·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ofthetwomathproblems,Jackyworkedoutthe________one.Hegaveupthedifficultone.A．moredifficult B．mostdifficult C．easier D．easiest4. 最高級的用法(1)三者或以上進行比較，形容詞最高級前須加the,副詞最高級前可不加the,常與表范圍的in/of短語連用。如：MyPeople,MyCountryisthemosteducationalmovieI’veeverseeninmylife.“《我和我的祖國》是我一生中看過的最有教育意義的電影?！?2)最高級常見句型①Which/Who＋謂語＋the＋最高級，A,BorC？：A、B和C中哪一個最……？如：Whichisthelargestcity,Beijing,ShanghaiorGuangzhou?“北京、上海和廣州，哪個城市最大？”②A＋謂語＋oneof＋the＋最高級＋名詞復數(shù)＋范圍：A是……中最……的之一。如：Qomolangmaisoneofthemostpopularplacesforseriousmountainclimbers.“珠穆朗瑪峰對于真正的登山愛好者來說是最受歡迎的地點之一?！雹跘＋謂語＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋形容詞最高級＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋范圍：A是……中第幾最……。如：Heisthesecondtallestboyinourclass.“他是我們班第二高的男生?！?3)最高級前有物主代詞等限定詞修飾時，不加定冠詞the。如：ThisisKate’smostexpensivedress.“這是凱特最昂貴的裙子?！?4)形容詞比較級結構也可表示最高級含義(比較的雙方是同類)。如：Lindaisthetallestgirlinmyclass.“琳達是我班上最高的女生?！保絃indaistallerthananyothergirlinmyclass.＝Lindaistallerthananyoftheothergirlsinmyclass.＝Lindaistallerthantheothergirlsinmyclass.＝Lindaistallerthantherestofthegirlsinmyclass.＝NogirlistallerthanLindainmyclass.1．（2023·江西·模擬預測）Teais________ofallthedrinks.Ithasover5,000yearsofhistoryinChina.A．older B．theoldest C．old D．oldest2．（2023·四川成都·模擬預測）MorethanseventypercentofthestudentschoseMissFishertobethebestteacher.Theythinksheis________ofalltheteache