2024年中考英語試題分類匯編：短文填空之首字母填空

專題23短文填空考點1首字母填空

2024年中考真題速遞..

人

（2024?天津?中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。

Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters

（遮蔽物）whichwerebuiltintrees.These'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary（臨時的）shelterstop1

themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled"cavepeople'.

These4cavepeople5usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote2forthem.Theyhadtomove

fromplacetoplacetos3forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn,tfinda4

toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw（生的）foodu5

theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark（樹皮）oftreesortheskins（皮）ofanimalstoc

6theirbodies.

However,thelivesofthe4cavepeople9changed.Theycollectedtheseeds（種子）ofwildplantsthatg7

intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandother

kindsoffarma8formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef9andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.Their

groupsbecame110thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled（固定的）lives.Theybuilthousesaslong-lasting

homes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The'cavepeople9begantobecivilized（文明的）.

（2024.山東東營.中考真題）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

Bearwasbusymakingpies.Whenhewokeupinspring,hewouldneedthem.

“Ohno!”criedBear.tcTheberries（莓）haverunout.Imustpicksomemore.^^

Bearwenttofindmoreberries.Hewalkedtillhisfootached,buthedidn'tfindanyberriesn11his

home.

Sohedecidedtogodeeperintotheforesttolookforberries.Ashewalkedalong,hefeltveryh12

Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.

Asbewalked,BearmetbisfriendRaccoon.

“Doyouhavesayberriesforme?”askedBear.

“Sorry,butIcang13yousomeapples."saidRaccoon.

“Yourapplesaretoosour.^^saidBear.

SoonBearmetSquirrel.

“Doyouhaveanyberriesforme?”askedBear.

“No,"saidSquirrel."ButIhavesomewalnuts（核桃）.Youcanhavesome.^^

“Thankyou.^^saidBear."ButIdonotw14walnutsinmypies.Iwillkeepsearchingforberries.

Afteralotofeffort,Bearrealizedthattherewerenoberriesleft.

Suddenly,snowbegantofall.Bearracedhome.Thenhejumpedintobed.B15hecouldnotsleep.Hewas

sohungry.

“Ohdear."saidBear.Iwillhavetoeatmypies.Butifso,Iwillhaven16forspring.Bearwastoo

hungrytoworryaboutit.Heateupallthepiesu17hefeltfullatlast.Soonhewasfastasleep.Bearslept

formanymonths.

Springcame.Bearw18up.Hewasvery,veryhungry.

Justthen,RaccoonandSquirrelcame.Theywereeachholdingapie.

“Thosepiessmelldelicious.^^saidBear.

"Oh.Idon'tthinkyouwouldlikemysourapplepie.^^saidRaccoon.

“AndIamsureyouwouldn'tlikemywalnutpie."saidSquirrel.

WhenBearopenedhismouthtospeak,RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear'sm19

“Yum,thisisgood!^^criedBear.

SquirrelgaveBearsomewalnutpie.

“Wow,walnutpieisgreat,t20JsaidBear.

“Aren'tyougladweeducatedyouaboutpies?”saidSquirrel.

“Iam.^^Bearsaid."Mynextpieswillhavenewfillings（餡）

（2024?江蘇連云港?中考真題）

根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。

Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisap21wherepeoplelive,workandplay

together.Ifsjustlikeaschool,wheres22helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunityh23one

another,too.

Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighborss24allkindsofproblems.

Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.Thed25andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.Thereare

alsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeoplef26theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.Whenpeople

don'tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsomea27

Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheirs28time.Theyoftendosomecleaningfortheold

peopleandhelpstudentswiththeirh29

Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabigf30Membersofacommunityhavea

senseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.

（2024?江蘇揚州?中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上，完整

地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）

Eventhoughmygrandfatherwasafarmer,mygrandmotherwouldironhisworkclotheseveryday.

Grandmothermixedupherownstarch（淀粉漿）inaglassb31withametalcapthathadseveralholes.She

sprinkledGrandfather^jeanswiththestarch,hungthemoverachairforafewminutes,andtheni32them.

BecauseIwatchedherdothisthroughmychildhood,Ithoughteveryoldwomandidit.Butastheyears

passed,Ibegantoquestionthisp33WhydidGrandfatherneedhisworkclothesironed?Mostdays,he

neversawanyoneb34meandmaybeafewotherfarmers.Theclothesbecamedirtyinjustashorttime.

WhydidGrandmothers35devotetimeandefforttoironingGrandfather^clothesthatwererarelyseen?

OnedaywhenIwasabout13,IaskedGrandmotheraboutit.ShetoldmeGrandfatherwasthemost

handsomemanintheworld.Laterthatday,Ilookedc36atGrandfather.Hesuredidn'tlooksohandsome

tome.Hewasshortandfatwithfalseteeth（假牙）.LaterItoldhermythought.

Shegavemeagirlishsmileandsaid,44Youjustaren'tlookingintherightlight,Cathy.Irememberwhenhe

hadr37teeth.HehasthemostbeautifuleyesIhaveeverseen.Theyaree38thesamecolorasthe

skyjustbeforethesungoesdown.Iwanttheworldtoseemyh39asthemostbeautifulman.Iwanthimto

feelbeautiful.Iironhisclotheseverydaybecauseforalltheseyears,hehasmademefeelbeautiful.

Theyearswenton,andIwatchedGrandmotherandGrandfathergrowoldtogether.Iwasprobably30when

Iu40whatbeautyreallywas.ItwasGrandmotherironingGrandfather^jeanswithstarchfromaglass

bottle.

專題23短文填空考點1首字母填空

占2024年中考真題速遞

（2024?天津?中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。

Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters

（遮蔽物）whichwerebuiltintrees.These'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary（臨時的）shelters

top1themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled'cave

people'.

These'cavepeople'usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote2forthem.Theyhadto

movefromplacetoplacetos3forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn't

finda4toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw

(生的)foodu5theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark(樹皮)oftreesor

theskins(皮)ofanimalstoc6theirbodies.

However,thelivesofthe'cavepeople'changed.Theycollectedtheseeds(種子)ofwildplantsthat

g7intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheep

andotherkindsoffarma8formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef9andlivedinonlyone

certainarea.Theirgroupsbecame110thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.They

builthousesaslong-lastinghomes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The

'cavepeople'begantobecivilized(文明的).

【答案】

1.(p)rotect2.(e)asy3.(s)earch4.(a)nything5.(u)ntil6.(c)over7.(g)rew

8.(a)nimals9.(f)armers10.(l)arger

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹“穴居人”的生活。

1.句意：這些“家”只是用作臨時庇護所，保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害。根據(jù)"These

'homes'wereonlyusedastemporary(臨時的)shelterstop...themfromthesun,therainandthewild

animalsintheforests.”可知，這些“家”保護他們免受陽光、雨水和森林里的野生動物的侵害，protect“保護”，

不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填(p)rotect。

2.句意：這些“穴居人”通常生活在小群體中，生活對他們來說并不容易。根據(jù)“These，cavepeople，usually

livedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote...forthem.”可知，生活對他們來說并不容易，easy“容易

的”,在句中作表語，故填(e)asy。

3.句意：他們不得不從一個地方搬到另一個地方尋找食物。根據(jù)"Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplace

tos...forfood.”可知，他們不得不搬家尋找食物，searchfor“尋找”符合語境，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原

形，故填(s)earch。

4.句意：當(dāng)他們找不到吃的東西時，他們會離開去找另一個合適的地方。根據(jù)“Whentheycouldn,tfinda...

toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.”可知，找不到吃的東西時就會搬家，anything"任

何東西”，用于否定句中,故填(a)nything。

5.句意：他們吃生的食物，直到學(xué)會如何生火。根據(jù)"Theyateraw(生的)foodu...theylearnthow

tomakeafire.”可知，直到學(xué)會如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合語境，故填（u）ntil。

6.句意：至于衣服，他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體。根據(jù)"theyusedonlythebark（樹皮）oftrees

ortheskins（皮）ofanimalstoc...theirbodies”可知,他們只用樹皮或獸皮來遮蓋身體，cover"遮

蓋”，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞原形，故填（c）over。

7.句意：他們收集了生長在森林中的野生植物的種子。根據(jù)"Theycollectedtheseeds（種子）ofwild

plantsthatg...intheforests.”可知,收集生長在森林中的野生植物的種子,grow“生長",時態(tài)是一

般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填（g）rew。

8.句意：他們還飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，以獲取牛奶、肉和皮。根據(jù)“Theyalsokeptcows,sheep

andotherkindsoffarma...formilk,meatandskins.”可知，飼養(yǎng)牛、羊和其他種類的農(nóng)場動物，

animal"動物","otherkindsof”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),故填（a）nimals。

9.句意：他們成了農(nóng)民，只住在一個特定的地區(qū)。根據(jù)“Theybecamef...andlivedinonlyonecertain

area.”可知，他們成了農(nóng)民，fanner“農(nóng)民”，主語"They”是復(fù)數(shù)，故填（f）armers。

10.句意：他們的群體變得比以前更大，因為他們的生活更加穩(wěn)定。根據(jù)"Theirgroupsbecame1.?.than

beforeastheylivedmoresettled（固定的）lives.”可知，他們的群體變得比以前更大，larger”更大

的”,在句中作表語，故填（l）arger。

（2024?山東東營?中考真題）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

Bearwasbusymakingpies.Whenhewokeupinspring,hewouldneedthem.

“Ohno!”criedBear."Theberries（莓）haverunout.Imustpicksomemore.9,

Bearwenttofindmoreberries.Hewalkedtillhisfootached,buthedidn'tfindanyberriesnH

hishome.

Sohedecidedtogodeeperintotheforesttolookforberries.Ashewalkedalong,hefeltveryh12

Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.

Asbewalked,BearmetbisfriendRaccoon.

“Doyouhavesayberriesforme?”askedBear.

“Sorry,butIcang13yousomeapples.saidRaccoon.

“Yourapplesaretoosour."saidBear.

SoonBearmetSquirrel.

“Doyouhaveanyberriesforme?”askedBear.

“No,"saidSquirrel."ButIhavesomewalnuts（核桃）.Youcanhavesome.9,

“Thankyou."saidBear."ButIdonotw14walnutsinmypies.Iwillkeepsearchingfor

berries.v

Afteralotofeffort,Bearrealizedthattherewerenoberriesleft.

Suddenly,snowbegantofall.Bearracedhome.Thenhejumpedintobed.B15hecouldnotsleep.He

wassohungry.

“Ohdear."saidBear.Iwillhavetoeatmypies.Butifso,Iwillhaven16forspring.Bearwas

toohungrytoworryaboutit.Heateupallthepiesu17hefeltfullatlast.Soonhewasfastasleep.Bear

sleptformanymonths.

Springcame.Bearw18up.Hewasvery,veryhungry.

Justthen,RaccoonandSquirrelcame.Theywereeachholdingapie.

“Thosepiessmelldelicious."saidBear.

“Oh.Idon'tthinkyouwouldlikemysourapplepie."saidRaccoon.

“AndIamsureyouwouldn'tlikemywalnutpie."saidSquirrel.

WhenBearopenedhismouthtospeak,RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear'sm19

“Yum,thisisgood!”criedBear.

SquirrelgaveBearsomewalnutpie.

“Wow,walnutpieisgreat,t20saidBear.

“Aren'tyougladweeducatedyouaboutpies?”saidSquirrel.

"Iam."Bearsaid."Mynextpieswillhavenewfillings(餡).”

【答案】

11.(n)ear12.(h)ungry13.(g)ive14.(w)ant15.(B)ut16.(n)othing17.(u)ntil

18.(w)oke19.(m)outh20.(t)oo

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了熊忙著做餡餅，但是不小心在冬眠前把它們吃光了，最后朋友們帶來新口味的餡

餅，這讓他感到滿足和感激。

11.句意:他一直走到腳痛，但在家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何漿果。根據(jù)"didn'tfindanyberries...hishome^^

可知在他家附近沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)漿果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。

12.句意：他邊走邊覺得很餓。根據(jù)"Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.”

可知他什么都沒吃，所以很餓，hungry“餓的”。故填(h)ungry。

13.句意：我可以給你一些蘋果。根據(jù)"yousomeapples”可知是給你一些蘋果，give"給"，情態(tài)動詞后加

動詞原形。故填(g)ive。

14.句意:但我不想在餡餅里放核桃。根據(jù)"ButIdonot...walnutsinmypies”可知是不想在餡餅里放核桃，

want“想要”，助動詞donot后加動詞原形。故填(w)ant。

15.句意：但是他睡不著。此處和前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填(B)ut。

16.句意：但如果這樣的話，我將度過一個一無所有的春天。根據(jù)"Iwillhavetoeatmypies”可知如果

把餡餅吃了，春天就什么也沒有了，nothing“沒有什么”。故填(n)othing。

17.句意：他把所有的餡餅都吃光了,直到他終于覺得飽了為止。根據(jù)“Heateupallthepies...hefelt

fullatlast.”可知是吃完了所有的餡餅，直到他吃飽了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntiL

18.句意：熊醒了。根據(jù)"Bearsleptformanymonths.”可知他從冬眠中醒來,wakeup"醒來”,句子用一

般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(w)oke。

19.句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些蘋果餡餅。根據(jù)"RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear's.可知是

在嘴巴里放一些蘋果餡餅，mouth“嘴巴”，此處用名詞單數(shù)形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)outh。

20.句意：核桃餡餅也很棒。根據(jù)“walnutpieisgreat”可知核桃餡餅也很美味，肯定句句尾用too。故

填(t)oo。

(2024?江蘇連云港?中考真題)

根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個完整正確的單詞。

Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisap21wherepeoplelive,workandplay

together.It'sjustlikeaschool,wheres22helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunityh23

oneanother,too.

Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighborss24allkindsofproblems.

Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.Thed25andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.There

arealsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeoplef26theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.When

peopledon'tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsomea

27.

Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheirs28time.Theyoftendosomecleaningforthe

oldpeopleandhelpstudentswiththeirh29

Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabigf30Membersofacommunityhave

asenseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.

【答案】

21.(p)lace22.(s)tudents23.(h)elp24.(s)olve25.(d)octors26.(f)ix

27.(a)dvice28.(s)pare29.(h)omework30.(f)amily

【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了社區(qū)將人們緊密聯(lián)系在一起，社區(qū)的人們互助友愛，就像一個大家庭。

21.句意：社區(qū)是人們一起生活、工作和娛樂的地方。根據(jù)首字母及“Acommunityisa...wherepeoplelive,

workandplaytogether.”可知，社區(qū)是人們生活、工作和娛樂的地方。place"地方”,名詞，冠詞a后用

其單數(shù)形式。故填(p)lace。

22.句意：這就像一所學(xué)校，學(xué)生們互相幫助學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)首字母及“It飛justlikeaschool”可知，社區(qū)

像一所學(xué)校，學(xué)生們互相幫助學(xué)習(xí)。student“學(xué)生”，名詞，help是動詞原形，故名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填

(s)tudentso

23.句意：社區(qū)里的人也會互相幫助。根據(jù)首字母及“...helpeachothertolearn.Peopleina

community...oneanother,too.”可知,此處指社區(qū)中的人們互相幫助。help"幫助”,動詞。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)

在時，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用其原形。故填(h)elp。

24.句意：他們經(jīng)常幫助鄰居解決各種各樣的問題。根據(jù)首字母及“allkindsofproblems”可知，此處指

解決問題。solve“解決”，動詞。helpsb.dosth.“幫助某人做某事”，動詞用其原形。故填(s)olve。

25.句意：醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。根據(jù)首字母及"Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelweir,

可知，人們感到不舒服時，醫(yī)生和護士會讓他們感覺好些。doctor“醫(yī)生”，可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式

表泛指。故填(d)octors。

26.句意：他們可以幫助人們修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。根據(jù)首字母及“theirbrokenbicyclesorwashing

machines”可知，此處指修理壞了的自行車或洗衣機。fix“修理"，動詞。helpsb.dosth.“幫助某人做某

事”，動詞用其原形。故填(f)ix。

27.句意：當(dāng)人們不知道穿什么去參加聚會或如何設(shè)計他們的家時，藝術(shù)家會給他們一些建議。根據(jù)首字

母及"theartistswillgivethemsome...”可知，此處指藝術(shù)家會給出建議。advice"建議",不可數(shù)名詞,

作動詞賓語。故填(a)dvice。

28.句意：一些大學(xué)生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。根據(jù)首字母及“Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteers

intheir…time.”可知，此處指大學(xué)生在業(yè)余時間做志愿者。spare“空閑的”,形容詞，作定語修飾名詞time。

故填(s)pare。

29.句意：他們經(jīng)常為老人打掃衛(wèi)生，幫助學(xué)生做作業(yè)。根據(jù)首字母及“andhelpstudentswiththeir...”

可知，此處指大學(xué)生會幫助學(xué)生們做作業(yè)。homework"作業(yè)”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(h)omework。

30.句意：它就像一個大家庭。根據(jù)首字母及“Itislikeabig...”可知，此處指社區(qū)就像一個大家庭。

family“家庭”，可數(shù)名詞，被a修飾，用其單數(shù)形式。故填(f)amily。

（2024?江蘇揚州?中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上，完整

地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）

Eventhoughmygrandfatherwasafarmer,mygrandmotherwouldironhisworkclotheseveryday.

Grandmothermixedupherownstarch(淀粉漿)inaglassb31withametalcapthathadseveralholes.

ShesprinkledGrandfather,sjeanswiththestarch,hungthemoverachairforafewminutes,andtheni32

them.

BecauseIwatchedherdothisthroughmychildhood,Ithoughteveryoldwomandidit.Butastheyears

passed,Ibegantoquestionthisp33WhydidGrandfatherneedhisworkclothesironed?Mostdays,he

neversawanyoneb34meandmaybeafewotherfarmers.Theclothesbecamedirtyinjustashorttime.

WhydidGrandmothers35devotetimeandefforttoironingGrandfather?sclothesthatwererarelyseen?

OnedaywhenIwasabout13,IaskedGrandmotheraboutit.ShetoldmeGrandfatherwasthemost

handsomemanintheworld.Laterthatday,Ilookedc36atGrandfather.Hesuredidn'tlookso

handsometome.Hewasshortandfatwithfalseteeth.LaterItoldhermythought.

Shegavemeagirlishsmileandsaid,“Youjustaren,tlookingintherightlight,Cathy.Irememberwhenhe

hadr37teeth.HehasthemostbeautifuleyesIhaveeverseen.Theyaree38thesamecoloras

theskyjustbeforethesungoesdown.Iwanttheworldtoseemyh39asthemostbeautifulman.Iwant

himtofeelbeautiful.Iironhisclotheseverydaybecauseforalltheseyears,hehasmademefeelbeautiful.

Theyearswenton,