山西省晉中市聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

2024～2025學(xué)年高三9月質(zhì)量檢測(cè)卷英語(yǔ)考生注意：1．本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2．答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3．考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4．本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthefamilyspendtheirsummerholiday?A.InAustralia.B.InCanada.C.InJapan.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$16.B.$20.C.$32.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Moveoutofthehouse.B.Turndownhisfriend.C.Eatoutwith.heralone.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewilllearnmoreaboutthejob.B.Shedoesn'tlikethejobatall.C.Shewilltakethejob.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Awriter.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewoman.todo?A.Orderaskirt.B.Takethebrownbag.C.Buya:necklace.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inashop.C.InJane'shouse.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Herticket.B.Herluggage.C.Hertelephone.9.Whatisthewomanaskedtodo?A.Reporttothepolice.B.Bookanotherflight.C.Leaveherphonenumber.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomanlookworried?A.Shehadanargumentwithherboss.B.ShehasbeenlateforworkrecentlyC.Shemaynottakeherchildrentoschool.11.WhatdidAlice'sbossdointheend?A.Hecanceledtheneworder.B.Hehelpedthewomanfindaschool.C.Heaskedtheemployeestoarriveearlier.12.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Bossandworker.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Introducingacourse.C.Investigatingacomplaint.14.Howmanyweekswillthesummercourserunthisyear?ASix.B.Seven.C.Eight.15.Whatwaswrongwiththecourselastyear?A.Theassistantswereunskilled.B.Theweatherwasnotgood.C.Twoschoolsdelayedtheirholidays.16.Whichactivitieswillbeaddedthisyear?A.Funprograms.B.Adventuresports.C.Creativeclasses.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwasdifficultforthespeakerwhenshestartedlearningFrench?A.Grammar.B.Pronunciation.C.Vocabulary.18.WhydidthespeakergotoFrance?A.Tovisitherfriends.B.Tolookforajob.C.Tocontinueherstudy.19.HowmightthespeakerfeelaftershearrivedinFrance?A.Helpless.B.Amazed.C.Proud.20.Whatisthemostimportantinlearningalanguageaccordingtothespeaker?A.Masteringthegrammar.B.Knowingalotofwords.C.Usingitindailylife.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestCyclingRoutesinBeijingRoute1:BeihaiPark-NanluoguLane-ShichahaiLength:About3kilometersThisisaveryeasycyclingrouteanddoesn'ttakemuchphysicaleffort.BeihaiParkwasaroyalgardeninthepast.RidearoundBeihaiParkandappreciatethebeautifulscenery.Afterthat,gotoNanluoguLane.Itisanoldhutonglinedwithmanysnackshops.ThencycletoShichahai,abiglakecomposedofQianhai,HouhaiandXihai.ThereisabarstreetinHouhai.Ifyouaretired,itisagoodchoicetohavearestinaquietbarandhavesomedrinks.Route2:GhostStreet-WangfnjingStreetLength,About4kilometersIfyouaskwherethebestplacesaretotasteBeijingcuisine,themostpopularanswersareGhostStreetandWangfujingStreet.Thebesttimetoexploretheseplacesisatmight.Youcanfindallkindsofdeliciousfood,suchasmeatkebabs,dumplings,tanghuluandhotpot.IfyouwanttotastesomePekingduck,youcangototherestaurantcalledHunjiaYiyuaninGhostStreet.Route3:Yongdingmen-theTempleofHeaven-Qianmen-theForbidienCity-JingxhanPurkLength:About7kilometersTheCentralAxisofBeijingisanimaginarylinerunningacrossthecityfromsouthtonorth.Cyclingalongthisline,youcandiscovermanyimportantbuildings.Forexample,youcanpayavisit1otheTempleofHeavenwhereemperorsheldimportantceremoniesinancienttimes.ThencycletoQianmen,whichisveryfamousforitsshoppingstreets.YouwillpassthroughtheForbiddenCitythatwashometomorethan20emperors.Finally,youcangotoWanchunPavilioninJingshanParktorelaxandgetafullviewoftheForbiddenCity.1.HowfaristheridefromBeihaiParktoShichabai?A.About3kilometers. B.About4kilometers. C.About7kilometers. D.About10kilometers.2.WhichplaceisbestknownforBeijingfood?A.Xihai. B.Qianhai. C.GhostStreet. D.NanluoguLane3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanchunPavilioninJingshanPark?A.Itisfamousforitsmodernarchitectures.B.ItisthestartingpointoftheCentralAxis.C.Itwasonceusedforsacrificialceremonies.DItmaybethehighestpointneartheForbiddenCity.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。本文為游客提供了北京三條最佳騎行路線的詳細(xì)信息，包括路線長(zhǎng)度、沿途景點(diǎn)和特色等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Route1:BeihaiPark-NanluoguLane-Shichahai部分中的“Length:About3kilometers(長(zhǎng)度：約3公里)”可知，從北海公園到什剎海的騎行距離大約是3公里。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Route2:GhostStreet-WangfnjingStreet部分中的“IfyouaskwherethebestplacesaretotasteBeijingcuisine,themostpopularanswersareGhostStreetandWangfujingStreet.(如果你問哪里是品嘗北京菜最好的地方，最受歡迎的答案是簋街和王府井大街。)”可知，簋街是最著名的北京美食地點(diǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Route3:Yongdingmen-theTempleofHeaven-Qianmen-theForbidienCity-JingxhanPurk部分中“Finally,youcangotoWanchunPavilioninJingshanParktorelaxandgetafullviewoftheForbiddenCity.(最后，你可以去景山公園的萬(wàn)春亭放松一下，把紫禁城的景色盡收眼底。)”可知，萬(wàn)春亭可能是紫禁城附近的最高點(diǎn)。故選D。BAcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.Evenfororganicfarmers,whocanselltheproduceathigherprices,makingaprofitistough.ButthroughouttheMidwest,anewfarm-to-tablestrategyishelpingsomefarmers.AtStoneyAcresinAthens,Wisconsin,thefarmyardistransformedeveryFridaynightbetweenMayandOctober-ashundredsofpeoplecometoorderorganicpizzas.Ononesummerevening,BrendaandJoshMurrayorderoneofthesimplepizzas;pepperoni.Alltheingredients(食材),exceptthecheese,aregrownonthefarm.Thecheeseismadeataneighboringfamilyfarm.EventhesausagesarefrompigsraisedatStoneyAcres.KatBeckerandTonySchultz,theownersofStoneyAcreshavebeensellingtheirproducethroughaCommunitySupportedAgriculture(CSA)program.Theyalsoproducehoneyandsupplyvegetablestoalocalschool.Butpizzaisopeninganewfrontierfortheirfarm.“OurCSAprogram,whichhasbeenourbackboneandusedtobeabout85%ofourincome,isnowalittlebitmorethan50%ofourincome,”Beckersays.“Inthesegrowingdirectmarkets,wecanhavemorecontroloverthepricing.”Whilecuttingoutthemiddlemanmaybeanadvantage,there’sclearlymoretoit.SarahLakewoodhasbeencomingtopizzanightatStoneyAcressinceitstarted.“Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikeitbefore,”shesays.“Itgottothepointwherewewerecomingeveryweekand,then,whenwewereherethatlastnightthefirstsummer.Ifeltlikeweweregoingtolosesomefriendsforsixmonths.”It’sestimatedthattherearenowafewdozenfarmsinWisconsin,Mipnesoraandlowaofferingpizzanights.Lotsoffamilyfarmershavegivenupthefarmsincepizzanightoffersawaytoincreasetheiroddsofsurvivalwhileofferinganewsocialspacefortheircustomers.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUSsmallfarmers?A.Farmingisnotveryprofitable.B.Organicproducesveryprofitable.C.Thecostsofproductionaredecreasing.D.Therearemanyeasierwaystomakemoney.5.Accordingtothetext,thefarm-to-tablestrategy.A.willhelppopularizeorganicfarmingB.hasalreadyreplacedtheCSAprogramC.cangivefarmersmoresayonthepricesD.isfacingfierceresistancefrommiddlemen6.WhatdoesSarahLakewoodlikeaboutthepizzanight?A.Thecheapfood. B.Theforeigningredients.C.Theweeklyparties. D.Thefriendlyatmosphere.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Technology. B.Agriculture. C.Culture. D.Advertisement.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說明文，文章主要討論了美國(guó)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及一種新的“農(nóng)場(chǎng)到餐桌”的策略如何幫助他們?cè)黾邮杖牒蜕缃豢臻g?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.(在美國(guó)，小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主多年來(lái)一直在努力支付生產(chǎn)成本。)”可知，美國(guó)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主一直都在盡力支付其生產(chǎn)成本，故其農(nóng)業(yè)不是很賺錢，故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Alltheingredients(食材),exceptthecheese,aregrownonthefarm.Thecheeseismadeataneighboringfamilyfarm.EventhesausagesarefrompigsraisedatStoneyAcres.(除了奶酪以外，所有的食材都是在農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植的。奶酪是在鄰近的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)制作的。就連香腸都是用斯通尼農(nóng)場(chǎng)養(yǎng)的豬做的。)”和第五段““OurCSAprogram,whichhasbeenourbackboneandusedtobeabout85%ofourincome,isnowalittlebitmorethan50%ofourincome,”Beckersays.“Inthesegrowingdirectmarkets,wecanhavemorecontroloverthepricing.”(Becker說道：“我們的CSA項(xiàng)目一直都是我們的支柱，過去約占我們收入的85%，現(xiàn)在只占我們收入的50%多一點(diǎn)。在這些不斷增長(zhǎng)的直接市場(chǎng)中，我們可以對(duì)定價(jià)有更多的控制權(quán)?！?”可推知，“農(nóng)場(chǎng)到餐桌”的策略減少了農(nóng)民對(duì)CSA項(xiàng)目的依賴，使得農(nóng)民對(duì)價(jià)格有了更多的控制權(quán)，故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikeitbefore,”shesays.“Itgottothepointwherewewerecomingeveryweekand,then,whenwewereherethatlastnightthefirstsummer.Ifeltlikeweweregoingtolosesomefriendsforsixmonths.”(她說道：“我以前從來(lái)沒有經(jīng)歷過這樣的事情。這已經(jīng)到了我們每周都要來(lái)的地步，然后，當(dāng)我們第一個(gè)夏天的最后一個(gè)晚上的時(shí)候，我感覺我會(huì)失去一些朋友六個(gè)月。”)”可推知，SarahLakewood喜歡的是大家在一起度過的時(shí)間，在一起的這種友好的氛圍，分開后就感覺會(huì)失去這些朋友，故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AcrosstheUS,smallfarmershavebeenstrugglingforyearstocovertheircostsofproduction.(在美國(guó)，小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主多年來(lái)一直在努力支付生產(chǎn)成本。)”以及后文的介紹可知，本文主要討論了美國(guó)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及一種新的“農(nóng)場(chǎng)到餐桌”的策略如何幫助他們?cè)黾邮杖牒蜕缃豢臻g，故這篇文章最可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的農(nóng)業(yè)專欄里，故選B。CResearchersstudyingthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedthere.ThediscoverymaypotentiallychallengecommonlyheldbeliefsabouthowoxygenisproducedonEarth.“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenonEarthwasfirstcreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlightandplants.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.”leadauthorAndrewSweetmanwritesinanarticlepublishedMondayinthejournalNatureGeoscience.Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepths.buttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules.“Thesepolymetallicnodules-effectivelybatteriesinrocks—mayusetheirelectricchargetoturnseawaterintoH2,andO2inaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis.”Sweetmanexplains.“SeawatercanbeturnedintoH2andO2with1.5voltsofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Wefoundthatthepolymetallicnodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity.andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedevenhighervoltages.”TheconventionalviewisthatO2wasfirstproducedaroundthreebillionyearsagobyancientplantscalledcyanobacteriaandtherewasagradualdevelopmentofcomplexlifesincethen.Thepotentialthatthereisanalternativesourcerequiresustohavearethink.“Thediscoverycouldimpactdeep-seamining,”FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidinanewsrelease.“Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand‘80.Afewyearsago,ateamofscientistswentbacktothoseareasthatweremined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife.Butthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethepolymetallicnoduleswerenotdamaged,therewereplentyoflife.”8.WhatarerequiredtocreatethefirstoxygenonEarthaccordingtoconventionalviews?A.Rocksandbatteries. B.Heatandchargedminerals.C.Sunlightandplants. D.Seawaterandelectriccharge.9.Howmanypolymetallicnodulesareneededtostartseawaterelectrolysisatleast?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10.Whatisthepotentialsignificanceofthenewdiscovery?A.Itwillprovideguidelinestominingcompanies.B.Itcanreducetheimpactofnewminingprojects.C.Itmayhelpscientistsimprovethephotosynthesis.D.Itmightleadtoanewexplanationabouttheoriginoflife.11.WhatisFranzGeiger’sattitudetodeep-seamining?A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Toleran1. D.Unclear.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁屬于說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家在太平洋海底發(fā)現(xiàn)“暗氧”的現(xiàn)象，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)挑戰(zhàn)了關(guān)于地球上氧氣產(chǎn)生的傳統(tǒng)觀念，并引發(fā)了關(guān)于生命起源的新問題。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenonEarthwasfirstcreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlightandplants.(到目前為止，人們一直認(rèn)為地球上的氧氣最初只能通過光合作用產(chǎn)生，這一過程需要陽(yáng)光和植物。)”可知，根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)，地球上最初的氧氣是通過光合作用產(chǎn)生的，而光合作用需要陽(yáng)光和植物。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中的“SeawatercanbeturnedintoH2andO2with1.5voltsofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Wefoundthatthepolymetallicnodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity.andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedevenhighervoltages.(1.5伏特的電量就可以將海水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫氣和氧氣，這相當(dāng)于一節(jié)AA電池的電量。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些多金屬結(jié)核能夠產(chǎn)生高達(dá)0.95伏特的電量，并且多個(gè)結(jié)核共同作用能產(chǎn)生更高的電壓。)”可知，一個(gè)多金屬結(jié)核就擁有高達(dá)0.95伏特的電量，而多個(gè)結(jié)核一起產(chǎn)生的電壓更高。至少需要兩個(gè)多金屬結(jié)核才能達(dá)到1.5伏特，觸發(fā)海水電解。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的“Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.”leadauthorAndrewSweetmanwritesinanarticlepublishedMondayinthejournalNatureGeoscience.(“但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)該理論提出了質(zhì)疑，并引發(fā)了關(guān)于生命起源的新問題?！笔紫髡逜ndrewSweetman在周一發(fā)表于《NatureGeoscience》雜志的一篇文章中寫道。)”可知，這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)生命起源的新解釋。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段““Thediscoverycouldimpactdeep-seamining,”FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidinanewsrelease.“Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand‘80.Afewyearsago,ateamofscientistswentbacktothoseareasthatweremined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife.Butthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethepolymetallicnoduleswerenotdamaged,therewereplentyoflife.”(“這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)影響深海采礦，”參與了這項(xiàng)研究的西北大學(xué)化學(xué)教授FranzGeiger在一份新聞稿中說。“公司在20世紀(jì)70年代和80年代進(jìn)行了深海采礦的探索性任務(wù)。幾年前，一組科學(xué)家回到了那些40年前被開采的地方，發(fā)現(xiàn)基本上沒有生命存在。但是，在左右?guī)装倜走h(yuǎn)的地方，那些多金屬結(jié)核未被破壞的區(qū)域，則有大量的生命存在?！?”可知，他對(duì)深海采礦持有一定的擔(dān)憂，對(duì)此不贊同。故選A。DAlmosteveryhumancultureonearthhasitsownmusic.Theoldestdiscoveredmusicalinstrumentsdatebackover40,000yearstotheStoneAge.Butscientistsbelievethatmusicitselfcouldbemucholderthanthat,originatingalongsidelanguage.Whydidmusicbecomesocloselyrelatedtothehumanexperience?Ithinkitgaveourancestorssigrificantsurvivaladvantages.Inprehistorictimes,musicstrengthenedthebondbetweencommunitymembers.Singinganddrummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslikeoxytocin,dopamineandendorphinsinthebrain,whichledtopositiveemotionsthatallowedgroupstocooperatebetterinhunting,child-caringandprotectionagainstoutsidethreats,Singingwhileworkingmadelaborlessboringandtiring.Ourbrainsseemwiredatbirthtolinkmusicwithpositiveemotionsandtogethernessandmothersmayhavesungtolittlebabiesasanearlyformofemotionalcommunication.Musicalsoenhanceddefenses.Guardsbeatingdrumsandmakingnoiseduringthenightsignaledthattheywerereadytocountersurpriseenemyattacks.Youngnightwatchmensangtoindicatetheywereawakeandvigilant.Soldiersusedinstrumentstosendwarningcallsacrosslongerdistances.Inalltheseways,musicenhancedsurvivaloddsoverhumanevolution(進(jìn)化).Groupsthatcouldmakemusictogether-whetherasimpledrumbeatorabeautifulsong-weremorecommunicative,cooperativeanddefensive,Naturalselectionthenpassedonthecapacityformusictothenextgenerations.Supportingthis,scientistshavediscoveredspecificregionsofthebraindevotedtomusicalprocessing.Babieshavetheabilitytodetectmusicalpatternsandtones.Evenpatientswithseveredementia(癡呆)respondemotionallyandphysicallytotheirfavoritechildhoodsongswhennothingelsecancauseareaction.Sonexttimeyoufindyourselfsingingalongtoacatchytune,rememberthatmusicispartofwhatmakesusuniquelyhuman.OurStoneAgeancestorssanganddrummedbecauseitenhancedtheirsurvival.Weengagewithmusicnowsimplybecauseweareborntodoso.12.Whatisanadvantageofmusicaccordingtothetext?A.Itcouldkeepsoldiersawake. B.Itcouldhelpbabiesspeakearlier.C.Itcouldenhanceproductivity. D.Itcouldcurecertainrarediseases.13.Whichbestexplainstheword“vigilant”underlinedinparagraph3?A.Tired. B.Hungry. C.Strong. D.Watchful.14Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph5?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph. B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion. D.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MyViewAbouttheImportanceofMusicB.EveryHumanCultureHasitsUniqueMusicC.TheOldestMusicalInstrumentWasUnearthedD.MusicMayComeIntoExistenceBeforeLanguage【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是音樂在人類社會(huì)發(fā)展中所起到的重要作用。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Singinganddrummingtogetherreleasedchemicalslikeoxytocin,dopamineandendorphinsinthebrain,whichledtopositiveemotionsthatallowedgroupstocooperatebetterinhunting,child-caringandprotectionagainstoutsidethreats,Singingwhileworkingmadelaborlessboringandtiring.(一起唱歌和打鼓會(huì)在大腦中釋放催產(chǎn)素、多巴胺和內(nèi)啡肽等化學(xué)物質(zhì)，從而產(chǎn)生積極的情緒，使團(tuán)隊(duì)在狩獵、照顧孩子和抵御外部威脅方面能夠更好地合作。邊工作邊唱歌可以減少勞動(dòng)的無(wú)聊和疲勞。)”可知，音樂可以提高生產(chǎn)力。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的部分“Youngnightwatchmensangtoindicatetheywereawake(年輕的守夜人唱歌表明他們醒著)”可知，守夜人肯定需要保持清醒和警惕，所以，劃線單詞vigilant與watchful“警惕的”意義一致。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。第五段開頭的this指的是上一段最后一句提到的“Naturalselectionthenpassedonthecapacityformusictothenextgenerations.(自然選擇將音樂的能力傳給了下一代。)”，而第五段提到的這些例子“Babieshavetheabilitytodetectmusicalpatternsandtones.Evenpatientswithseveredementiarespondemotionallyandphysicallytotheirfavoritechildhoodsongswhennothingelsecancauseareaction.(嬰兒有識(shí)別音樂模式和音調(diào)的能力。即使是患有嚴(yán)重癡呆癥的患者，在沒有其他任何東西能引起反應(yīng)的情況下，也會(huì)對(duì)他們最喜歡的童年歌曲做出情感和身體上的反應(yīng)。)”正是為了說明人類的音樂能力是遺傳下來(lái)的，所以，第五段的作用是提供信息證明上一段提出的觀點(diǎn)：自然選擇將音樂的能力傳給了下一代。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述的是音樂在人類社會(huì)發(fā)展中所起到的重要作用。所以用A項(xiàng)“MyViewAbouttheImportanceofMusic(我對(duì)音樂重要性的看法)”作為本文的題目，與文章主題相符合。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下而短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Spendingtoomanynightstryingtofallasleep—orworryingtherearen’tenoughZZZsinyourday?You’renotalone.Expertssaynearlyone-thirdofAmericanadultsdon’tgettherecommendedseventoninehoursanight.Themajorcauses?___16___.Herearesomesimpletrickssuggestedbyexperts.CreatearoutineWork-relatedstressisunavoidable.___17___.Forexample,don’tcheckemailjustbeforegoingtobed.Instead,createaroutinewhereyoucanrelaxwithabookorengageinahobbywithyourlovedones.Anythingthathelpsyoureleasethetensionfromthedaywillhelppromotesleep.___18___“Eatingalargemealcandisruptyoursleepbecauseit’slikegivingyourbodyareallylargejobtodorightbeforesleepatatimewhenthingsaresupposedtobeshuttingdown.”saidDr.AnniseWilson,aprofessoratBaylorUniversity.“Butdon’tgotobedsuper-hungry.either.Trysnackswithproteinorhealthyfats,likecheeseorpeanutbutteronwholegrainbread.”AvoidalcoholandcaffeineWhilealcoholcanhelpyoufallasleepinitially,itcandisruptyoursleepcycle,reducingthequalityofsleepandincreasingthechancesyou’llwakeupmoreofteninthemiddleofthenight.Caffeinecanblockadenosine,achemicalthatcontributestothefeelingofsleepinessanditcantakeyourbodyupto4hourstoclearcaffeine.___19___.TalktoyourdoctorIfnothing’sworking,it’stimetogotoadoctor.Thisisespeciallytrueifyoursleeplessnightsareaffectingyourworkormood.“___20___,”Dr.AnniseWilsonsaid.“Thenit’stimetoseeksomeprofessionalhelp.”A.LimittechnologyB.WatchwhatyoueatC.Atacertainpoint,evenrelaxationwon’tworkD.Theyincludestressandaculturethatisallaboutwork,notrestE.HavingacupofcoffeeorwinebeforebedtimemightfeelrelaxingF.Forthesereasons,finishupyourcoffeeorwineseveralhoursbeforebedtimeG.Butyoucanleaveyourdailyresponsibilitiesaloneaboutanhourbeforebedtime【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了改善睡眠的幾個(gè)技巧?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Expertssaynearlyone-thirdofAmericanadultsdon’tgettherecommendedseventoninehoursanight.Themajorcauses?(專家表示，近三分之一的美國(guó)成年人沒有達(dá)到建議的每晚7到9小時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間。主要原因是什么?)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是回答上一句的問題，即：人們?nèi)狈λ叩闹饕蚴鞘裁矗緿項(xiàng)“Theyincludestressandaculturethatisallaboutwork,notrest(它們包括壓力和一種只注重工作而不是休息的文化)”正是該為題的答案：壓力和一種只注重工作而不是休息的文化。所以，D項(xiàng)填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】空格前的句子“Work-relatedstressisunavoidable.(工作壓力是不可避免的。)”說工作壓力不可避免；而空格后的例子“Forexample,don’tcheckemailjustbeforegoingtobed.Instead,createaroutinewhereyoucanrelaxwithabookorengageinahobbywithyourlovedones.(例如，不要在睡覺前查看電子郵件。相反，你應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成一種習(xí)慣，在那里你可以看書放松，或者和你愛的人一起從事一項(xiàng)愛好。)”是建議睡覺前不要去干和工作有關(guān)的事，所以，空格處的句子應(yīng)該和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，和下文是順接關(guān)系，建議睡覺前忘掉工作，所以G項(xiàng)“Butyoucanleaveyourdailyresponsibilitiesaloneaboutanhourbeforebedtime(但是你可以在睡前一小時(shí)左右把你的日常工作拋在腦后)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。關(guān)系G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】空格處是該部分的主題句。根據(jù)下文“‘Eatingalargemealcandisruptyoursleepbecauseit’slikegivingyourbodyareallylargejobtodorightbeforesleepatatimewhenthingsaresupposedtobeshuttingdown.’saidDr.AnniseWilson,aprofessoratBaylorUniversity.‘Butdon’tgotobedsuper-hungry.either.Trysnackswithproteinorhealthyfats,likecheeseorpeanutbutteronwholegrainbread.’(‘吃一頓大餐會(huì)擾亂你的睡眠，因?yàn)檫@就像在睡覺前給你的身體一個(gè)非常大的工作要做，而這個(gè)時(shí)候一切都應(yīng)該停止?！惱沾髮W(xué)教授安妮絲·威爾遜博士說?！遣灰I著肚子睡覺。試試含有蛋白質(zhì)或健康脂肪的零食，比如全麥面包上的奶酪或花生醬。’)”可知，該部分主要是建議注意飲食。所以，B項(xiàng)“Watchwhatyoueat(注意飲食)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】空格前的句子“Whilealcoholcanhelpyoufallasleepinitially,itcandisruptyoursleepcycle,reducingthequalityofsleepandincreasingthechancesyou’llwakeupmoreofteninthemiddleofthenight.Caffeinecanblockadenosine,achemicalthatcontributestothefeelingofsleepinessanditcantakeyourbodyupto4hourstoclearcaffeine.(雖然酒精可以幫助你入睡，但它會(huì)擾亂你的睡眠周期，降低睡眠質(zhì)量，增加你在半夜醒來(lái)的幾率?？Х纫蚩梢宰柚瓜佘眨@種化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)讓你感到困倦，你的身體可能需要4個(gè)小時(shí)才能清除咖啡因。)”是說喝酒或喝咖啡對(duì)睡眠的不良影響，所以，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是建議“睡覺前不喝酒或咖啡”，所以F項(xiàng)“Forthesereasons,finishupyourcoffeeorwineseveralhoursbeforebedtime(由于這些原因，在睡覺前幾小時(shí)喝完咖啡或酒)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】空格處是Dr.AnniseWilson所說的話，根據(jù)下文他說的“Thenit’stimetoseeksomeprofessionalhelp.(那么是時(shí)候?qū)で笠恍I(yè)幫助了。)”可知，空格處應(yīng)該是說對(duì)睡眠沒有作用的方面，才涉及到下文的“尋求一些專業(yè)幫助”，所以，C項(xiàng)“Atacertainpoint,evenrelaxationwon’twork(在某種程度上，即使放松也不起作用)”填入空格處，和上文是順接關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用［共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mymother-in-lawgrewupinnorthIndia.Atage19,shemovedtoCanadawithherhusband.By30,shehadthree___21___.I’mawhitegirlfromWyoming,intheUS.Iwenttocollege,thengraduateschool.I’m33nowandIstilldon’tknowhowtochangeadiaper(尿片).Whenwemetalmostadecadeago,Iimmediatelyrealizedthatwehadmorethanagenerationalgapto___22___.ButI___23___mymother-in-law’scookingthatfirstweekendwhenImether,anddecidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes.Iwould___24___besideherasshecooked,askingquestionsand___25___notes.Ittookmeyearsto___26___thebasics.Butmymother-in-law___27___guidedmethroughherrecipes.CookingtogetherIhadalsolearnedhowto___28___anIndianfamily.GrowingupintheUS,Ihadprized___29___.ButIhavelearnedhowto___30___family-andbereliedupon.Attimes,itseemedlikemymother-in-lawandImightnever___31___eachother—butwe___32___cookingtogether.OneThanksgiving,Ishowedmymother-in-lawhowto___33___applepies,usingmygrandmother’srecipe.Inturn,shesharedoneofher___34___withme:herfavoritesweetdish.Mymother-in-lawandldidn’thaveanexactrecipetofollowaswe___35___ourrelationship,butsomehowtimeandpatiencehadpaidoffforbothofus.21.A.jobs B.neighbors C.children D.pets22.A.bridge B.measure C.identify D.ignore23.A.taught B.loved C.avoided D.changed24.A.dance B.complain C.laugh D.stand25.A.taking B.exchanging C.leaving D.sharing26.A.forget B.master C.review D.challenge27.A.blindly B.effectively C.immediately D.patiently28.A.fitin B.lookfor C.carefor D.breakup29.A.money B.friendship C.independence D.ability30.A.relyon B.focuson C.relateto D.referto31.A.see B.understand C.accept D.hate32.A.started B.delayed C.kept D.stopped33.A.buy B.eat C.hold D.bake34.A.books B.specialties C.secrets D.views35.A.strengthened B.established C.ended D.fixed【答案】21C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹自己和印度婆婆通過做飯遞增情感的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：30歲時(shí)，她有了三個(gè)孩子。A.jobs工作；B.neighbors鄰居；C.children兒童，孩子；D.pets寵物。由后文“I’m33nowandIstilldon’tknowhowtochangeadiaper(尿片).”可知，這里對(duì)比，表示婆婆有了三個(gè)“孩子”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們大約十年前見面時(shí)，我立刻意識(shí)到我們需要彌合的不僅僅是代溝。A.bridge 架橋于，彌合；B.measure措施；C.identify識(shí)別；D.ignore忽視。由上文“agenerationalgap”以及語(yǔ)境可知，，這里指作者和婆婆有一個(gè)代溝需要“彌合”。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我很喜歡我婆婆在第一個(gè)周末的烹飪，我決定學(xué)習(xí)如何烹飪她的菜肴。A.taught教；B.loved愛，喜歡；C.avoided避免；D.changed改變。由下文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”可知，作者“喜歡”婆婆做的菜。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她做飯時(shí)，我會(huì)站在她身邊，問問題，做筆記。A.dance跳舞；B.complain抱怨；C.laugh笑；D.stand站。由下文“besideherasshecooked,askingquestions”可知，這里指作者“站”在婆婆旁邊看她做飯。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她做飯時(shí)，我會(huì)站在她身邊，問問題，做筆記。A.taking帶走，記錄；B.exchanging交換；C.leaving離開；D.sharing分享。由上文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”可知，這里指作者通過“記錄”筆記來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)做菜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了好幾年時(shí)間才掌握這些基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。A.forget忘記；B.master掌握；C.review復(fù)習(xí)；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。由上文“decidedtolearnhowtocookherdishes”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者通過學(xué)習(xí)“掌握”了基礎(chǔ)做飯技巧。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但我婆婆耐心地指導(dǎo)我學(xué)習(xí)她的食譜。A.blindly盲目地；B.effectively有效地；C.immediately立即地；D.patiently耐心地。由上文“Ittookmeyearsto6thebasics.”可知，作者學(xué)得很慢，所以婆婆“耐心地”教她。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：一起做飯，我也學(xué)會(huì)了如何融入印度家庭。A.fitin適合，融入；B.lookfor尋找；C.carefor照顧；D.breakup分手。由下文“anIndianfamily”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指作者生在美國(guó)，要學(xué)會(huì)如何“融入”印度家庭。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國(guó)長(zhǎng)大，我很珍視獨(dú)立。A.money錢；B.friendship友情；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.ability能力。由下文“ ButIhavelearnedhowto10family-andbereliedupon.”可知，這里指作者學(xué)習(xí)要依賴家庭，由but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，作者在這之前是崇尚“獨(dú)立”的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：但我學(xué)會(huì)了如何依靠家人和被依靠。A.relyon依靠；B.focuson專注于；C.relateto與...有關(guān)；D.referto參閱。由下文“andbereliedupon”可知，這里指如何“依靠”家人和被家人依靠。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)，我和婆婆似乎永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)理解對(duì)方，但我們一直在一起做飯。A.see見；B.understand理解；C.accept接受；D.hate憎恨。由上文“Iimmediatelyrealizedthatwehadmorethanagenerationalgapto2.”可知，作者和婆婆有代溝，所以這里指有時(shí)候是不能“理解”對(duì)方的。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)，我和婆婆似乎永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)理解對(duì)方，但我們一直在一起做飯。A.started開始；B.delayed延遲；C.kept保持；D.stopped停止。由上文“itseemedlikemymother-in-lawandImi