2024高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時組合練7含解析

PAGE閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時組合練7(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024山西太原一模)GreatinventorslikeThomasEdisonhaveinfluencedpeople’sliveswiththeirinventions.Whiletheircontributionsarecertainlyvaluable,otheramazinginventionswereactuallycreatedbychildren!ThetrampolineTrampolinesaregreatforbothfunandexercise,buttheyareafairlyrecentinvention.Inthe1930s,GeorgeNissenwasinspiredtomakeabouncy“net”afterseeingacircusperformance.Hethoughtitmoreentertainingforperformerstocontinuebouncinginsteadoflandinginanet.So,attheageof16,hemadeitbystretchingthickclothinametalframe.ThepopsicleColdweatherledtothecreationofadeliciousinvention—thepopsicle.FrankEppersonwasjust11yearsoldwhenheaccidentallycreatedhisfirstpopsicle.Hewasmakinghimselfasodadrinkandlefthisglassoutsideovernight.Whenhefounditinthemorning,ithadfrozensolidwiththestir(攪拌)stickstillintheglass.Andthefirstpopsiclewasborn.BrailleThree-year-oldLouisBrailleexperiencedaseriouseyeinjurythatblindedhiminbotheyes.Hestruggledtoreadbymovinghisfingersacrossraisedletters,butthatprovedverydifficult.Attheageoftwelve,Louislearnedaboutacommunicationsystemwheremessagescouldbereadsilentlywithfingertips.HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!BeaconWhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon.AfterreceivingaletterfromherEthiopianpenpal,Hannahwasinspiredtocreateadevicethatcouldconverttheenergyfromoceanwavesintoelectricitywhichshehopeswillhelppeoplewithouteasyaccesstoelectricity.1.Whichoftheinventionsgreatlybenefitstheblind?A.Thetrampoline. B.Thepopsicle. C.Braille. D.Beacon.2.Whowasawardedanationaltitleforhis/herinvention?A.GeorgeNissen. B.FrankEpperson.C.LouisBraille. D.HannahHerbst.3.Whatdothechildinventorshaveincommon?A.Theywereallawardedfortheiramazinginventions.B.Theyallmadeimprovementsonpreviousinventions.C.Theywereallteenagerswhentheymadetheirinventions.D.Theyallinventedgreatthingsthatinfluencepeople’slives.B(2024福建福州質(zhì)檢)FireCaptKevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPoint,Utah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.Whilehispartner,AllenHadley,waslendingtothedriver,Lloydcouldn’tgetthefrightenedgirltocalmdown.Hesawshewasholdingseveralbottlesofnailpolish,andthenhehadabetteridea.Heaskedherifshewantedtopainthisnails.Soonhereyeslitup.Atthesametime,Hadleyshoweduptocheckonthescene.Lloydhadcalmedherdownandwasintheprocessofgettinghisfingerspainted.ThenHadleyjustputhishandinthere.Thegirlbegantocolorhisnailspink.Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy.Thegirl’smotherwasnotinjured.Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter,andtheyallchuckled,lookingatthenails,andtooksomephotos.Thefirefightersbroughtthephotosbacktotheheadquartersandshowedthemaround.Thedepartmentputthemuponthesocialmedia,andthousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.FireChiefMarkBecraftsaidhehadbeensurprisedatalltheattention.Hesaidhewasproudofhisfirefighters,andaddedthathehadknownmembersofthedepartmentwhohaddonemanythingsthatweren’tpartofthejob.Afterthefact,LloydandHadleyhadasmallmattertotendto:thelayersofpolishontheirnails.Theyboughtabottleofnailpolishremover,andusedalmostallofit.4.Whywasthe2-year-oldgirlfrightened?A.Shewascaughtinanaccident.B.Hermotherwasbadlyinjured.C.Hernailswerehurtbythebottles.D.Shewasafraidofseeingfirefighters.5.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“chuckled”inParagraph4?A.Sighed. B.Shouted.C.Laughed. D.Hugged.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwofirefighters?A.Knowledgeable. B.Caring.C.Humorous. D.Courageous.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskustolearntocalmdownintimesofdanger.B.Tospeakhighlyofthewarm-heartedfirefighters.C.Tointroducethelittlegirlwholikespaintingnails.D.Topraisethetwofirefighterswholearntodecoratenails.CJustaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.Now,anewstudybacksthatupwithsomeastonishingnumbers:Afterscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)professionalsbecomeparents,43%ofwomenand23%ofmenswitchfields,transition(轉(zhuǎn)變)topart-timework,orleavetheworkforceentirely.ManyresearchersandparentsalreadyknewthatSTEMcanbeunwelcomingtoparents,particularlymothers.But“theconsiderabledeparturewasastonishing,”saysErinCech,anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArborandleadauthorofthestudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Forbothgenders,“theproportionswerehigherthanweexpected.”Thesurprisinglyhighreductionrateformenalsohighlightsthat“parenthoodinSTEMisnotjustamothers’issue;it’saworkers’issue,”Cechsays.Shehopesthatthefindings“mightmotivatechanges,”suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.“WearenotsuggestingthatpeoplewhowantfamiliesshouldavoidSTEM;that’snotthesolution,”sheemphasizes.By2024,78%ofnewfatherswerestillworkinginSTEM,thevastmajorityfulltime.Fornewmothers,68%werestillinSTEM,butonly57%workedfulltime.Forprofessionalswithoutchildren,ontheotherhand,84%ofmenand76%ofwomenwerepredictedtostillbeworkinginSTEMfulltimein2024.Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.Thesesharpdifferencesmakeclearthat,eventhoughthereductionrateforfathersishigherthanexpected,mothersstillfaceparticularcareerchallenges.8.WhatmakesmanySTEMemployeeschangetheirjobs?A.Worryingabouttheirfamily.B.Theattractionofpart-timejobs.C.Beingtiredoftheformerjobs.D.Theheavyburdenathomeandwork.9.WhichstatementmayErinCechagreewith?A.Workingathomemaybeapopularchoice.B.IncreasingwelfaremaykeepSTEMparents.C.PeoplewithfamiliesshouldleaveSTEM.D.STEMprofessionalsshouldobeytherules.10.Howmanynewmothersamongthelaborforceworkedfulltimein2024?A.69%. B.76%.C.57%. D.31%.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressbylistingthesharpdifferences?A.ToomanyfathersleaveSTEM.B.It’shardformotherstomakeabalance.C.STEMjobsarenolongerpopular.D.It’simpossibletohaveasuccessfulcareer.D(2024安徽重點(diǎn)學(xué)校聯(lián)考)GretchenAltmanissmiling,leaningbackcasually,withacupofcoffeeinherhand—HillsBros.Coffee,tobeprecise.Itlookslikeacasualshot,butifyougivealike,leaveacomment,andtagafriend,youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee,forfree.Altmanispartofagrowingtrendof“micro-influencers”.Shehasasmallfollowing—around6,000onInstagram.Hergoingrateisfrom$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit’sstuffshebelievesin.Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocialmediastar.“I’mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat,”shesays.“TheyjustfeellikeI’mafriendoftheirs.”Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.Insomecases,it’sclear.WhenabigstartakestoadvertisingCoca-Colaonthesocialmedia,forexample,theassumptionisthatheorshe’sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearlylabeledasads,withthecaption“advertisement”or“sponsoredcontent”.Butwhatmayhappenwhenanordinarypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakestoextolling(頌揚(yáng))thevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclear.Theproblemwiththesesocialmediapostsisthatyoudon’tknowwhetherit’sanadornot.Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(話題).Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasbusiness,butshedoesn’tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives,wehavethisuniqueopportunitythatIdon’tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourownbrand,”Altmansays.12.Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Giveenoughlikes.B.Dopoststopromoteproducts.C.Recommendsomecomments.D.Designadvertisements.13.Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?A.Sponsoredadscontent.B.Adswithcaptiononposts.C.Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.D.Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.14.HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?A.Annoyed.B.Delighted.C.Ambitious.D.Depressed.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.InstagramAdvertising:DoYouKnowIt?WhenYouSeeIt?B.ToBeaMicro-influencerortoBeaBigStarC.WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrandD.HillsBros.Coffee,YourCoffeeⅡ.七選五HowDoLanguagesDie?Howmanylanguagesdoyouthinkthereareintheentireworld?Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6,000languages.Doesthatsurpriseyou?16Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextinct(滅亡)everytwoweeks.

Howdolanguagesdie?Theydiewhenpeoplestopusingthem.Butmostpeopledon’tjuststopspeakingtheirnativelanguage.It’smorecomplexthanthat.Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.17They’reoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.Theymightnoteventeachittotheirchildren.

Slowly,thenativelanguagediesout.Sometimes,languagesshiftordevelopinsteadofbecomingextinct.HaveyoueverheardthatLatinisadeadlanguage?Inaway,itis.NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.18PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.Scientistsuseittonameplantsandanimals.

19Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.Theymightloseaccesstostoriesandknowledgethatwerepasseddownformanyyears.Thisisonereasonwhymanypeopletodayareworkingtosavedyinglanguages.

Howcanlanguagesbesaved?Someyoungpeoplelearnthelanguageoftheirancestorsasadults.Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages20Theydosoinhopesthatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.Manyeducationalprogramstodayalsoworktohelppreservenativelanguagesandcultures.

A.Thereusedtobemanymore!B.Youmayhaveuseditinschool.C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.F.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguages.G.Thereareplentyofthingstodotohelpprotectlanguages.【幫你拓學(xué)問】核心學(xué)問,詞塊記憶①afairlyrecentinvention最近的一項(xiàng)獨(dú)創(chuàng)②inventadevicecalledbeacon獨(dú)創(chuàng)一種叫做beacon的裝置③receivealetterfromherpenpal收到了一封來自她筆友的信④calmdown安靜下來⑤highlightv.對……予以特殊的留意;強(qiáng)調(diào)⑥flexibleworktime敏捷的工作時間⑦acrossallfields在全部領(lǐng)域⑧agrowingtrendof日益增長的趨勢⑨extollthevirtues頌揚(yáng)美德⑩amuchcloserrelationship更密切的關(guān)系asocialmediacelebrity社交媒體名人dieout滅亡,絕跡;消逝參考答案閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時組合練7Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說明文。像愛迪生那樣的大獨(dú)創(chuàng)家獨(dú)創(chuàng)的東西對人們的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,但是事實(shí)上也有一些變更人們生活的東西是由孩子們獨(dú)創(chuàng)的。本文重點(diǎn)介紹了四種孩子們的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。1.C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“benefitstheblind”定位至第四段,依據(jù)該段內(nèi)容特殊是最終兩句“HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!”可知,Braille這個獨(dú)創(chuàng)對盲人極為有益,故C項(xiàng)正確。2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)尾段第一句“WhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon”可知,HannahHerbst在14歲時,因獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種名為beacon的裝置而被稱為美國頂級青年科學(xué)家。故D項(xiàng)正確。3.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“haveinfluencedpeople’slives”和“otheramazinginventions”并通讀其次段至第五段可推知,孩子們的四種獨(dú)創(chuàng)——蹦床、棒冰、盲文、海浪發(fā)電裝置都很棒,它們影響了人們的生活,故D項(xiàng)正確?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了在車禍現(xiàn)場,一個兩歲的小女孩由于受到驚嚇始終無法冷靜下來,消防員為了讓她冷靜下來,就讓她給自己涂指甲,后來他們拍了一些照片;其后,消防部門把當(dāng)時的照片上傳到社交媒體上,數(shù)千人賜予回應(yīng),消防員的這種做法獲得了好評。4.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句中的“acaraccident”以及其次句“Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar”可知,小女孩之所以膽怯 是因?yàn)樗龅搅塑嚨?故選A項(xiàng)。5.C詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中的“colorhisnailspink”“shewasalsohappy”以及畫線詞所在句中的“Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter”和“l(fā)ookingatthenails”可推知,當(dāng)時那位母親沒有受傷,她感謝消防員勸慰自己的女兒;看著被涂了指甲油的指甲,他們都笑了,而且拍了一些照片。故選C項(xiàng)。6.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy”以及第五段其次句中的“thousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl”可知,消防員通過讓小女孩給自己涂指甲不僅使她冷靜了下來,而且使小女孩很快樂;在社交媒體上,許多人感謝消防員們設(shè)法勸慰那個受了驚嚇的小女孩。由此可推知,這兩個消防員是關(guān)切他人的。故選B項(xiàng)。7.B推理推斷題。文章講解并描述了兩位消防員為了使一個兩歲的受了驚嚇的小女孩冷靜下來,就讓她給自己涂指甲油,這一做法在社交媒體上廣受好評;這原來是他們的格外之事,但是他們卻想方設(shè)法來幫助他人。由此可推知,本文的目的是贊揚(yáng)熱心腸的消防員。故選B項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要以STEM為例,闡述了家庭和工作給女性們帶來的巨大壓力,女性(尤其是新媽媽)全職比例與男性相較較低。8.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的“Justaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.”可推知,是家庭和工作的重?fù)?dān)讓STEM員工變更了他們的工作,故選D項(xiàng)。9.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的“Shehopesthatthefindings‘mightmotivatechanges,’suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.”可以推知,ErinCech可能會同意“增加福利可以留住STEM(做父母)的員工”這個觀點(diǎn),故選B項(xiàng)。10.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的“Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.”可以推算出,在2024年全職工作的新母親所占比率為100%-(16%+15%)=69%,故選A項(xiàng)。11.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Theses