八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit6Unit10期末復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)生版

八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit6Unit10期末復(fù)習(xí)單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)+16組高頻詞組辨析+詞性轉(zhuǎn)換Unit6狀語(yǔ)從句①unless(考主將從現(xiàn)/同義替換=if...not)②assoonas(考主將從現(xiàn)/同義替換=theminute/themoment)③so...that...和such...that...的區(qū)別及同義替換enoughto/too...to...Unit7形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)①比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變形（規(guī)則變化與不規(guī)則變化）②比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的句式和用法Unit810現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句/否定句/一般疑問(wèn)句及不規(guī)則變化的過(guò)去分詞②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(for/since/sofar/already...)③現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的兩種用法及非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化④havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin區(qū)別⑤現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)vs一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞（done）考點(diǎn)①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句式及過(guò)去分詞的不規(guī)則變化句式結(jié)構(gòu)示例肯定句主語(yǔ)+_have/has__+_過(guò)去分詞_+其他.Hehasreadthisbookbefore.他以前讀過(guò)這本書。否定句主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t+過(guò)去分詞+其他.Hehasn’treadthisbookbefore.他以前沒(méi)讀過(guò)這本書。一般疑問(wèn)句及其答語(yǔ)_Have/has_+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞_+其他?肯定回答：_Yes__,主語(yǔ)+_have/has__.否定回答：_No__,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.—Hashereadthisbookbefore?他以前讀過(guò)這本書嗎？—Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.是的，他讀過(guò)。/不，他沒(méi)讀過(guò)。過(guò)去分詞(done)變化：與過(guò)去式一樣：直去雙改類別變化規(guī)律示例一般情況加___ed___play→_played__以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加___d____live→__lived__以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母（“輔元輔”）_雙寫_末尾輔音字母，再加_ed_plan→_planned以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變__y__為__i__，再加__ed__study→__studied(2)不規(guī)則變化：AAAAABABAABBAAB1.AAA型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞同形）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義costcostcost花費(fèi)cutcutcut割，切hithithit打letletlet讓putputput放下readreadread讀hurthurthurt受傷2.AAB型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式同形）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義beatbeatbeaten打3.ABA型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去分詞同形）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義ecamee來(lái)beebecamebee變r(jià)unranrun跑4.ABB型（1）在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義burnburntburnt燃燒learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt學(xué)習(xí)meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard聽見（2）把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“d”改為“t”構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借給loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花費(fèi)ABC型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞含義eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下stealstolestolen偷givegavegiven給freezefrozefrozen凍結(jié)taketooktaken拿seesawseen看見writewrotewritten寫rideroderidden騎drivedrovedriven駕駛考點(diǎn)②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。—Haveyouhadyourbreakfast—Haveyouhadyourbreakfastyet?—Yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.—Haveyoueverseenthefilm?—No.I'veneverseenitbefore.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為：just“剛剛”already“已經(jīng)”(肯定句)yet“還，仍然”(否定/疑問(wèn)句)ever“曾經(jīng)”(疑問(wèn)句)never“從未”(否定句)before“以前”sofar“到目前為止”once“一次”manytimes“許多次”2.表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，還有可能繼續(xù)下去。HehasbeeninFranceforthreedays.JimhasbeeninourcitysincelastFriday.Ihavehadmybikesincethreemonthsago.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.在含有for或since引導(dǎo)的在含有for或since引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?。?！【總結(jié)】?？嫉姆茄永m(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞（done）（1）轉(zhuǎn)化為意思相同的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（借）borrow/lend→keep→havekept（穿）puton→beon→havebeenon（成為）bee→be→havebeen（認(rèn)識(shí)）gettoknow→know→haveknown（買）buy→have→havehad（感冒）catchacold→haveacold→havehadacold（收到）receive→have→havehad（睡覺(jué)）gotosleep→sleep→haveslept（2）轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+形容詞或副詞”，這樣才能和時(shí)間段連用（開始）begin/start→beon→havebeenon（結(jié)婚）marry→bemarried→havebeenmarried（回來(lái)）aback→beback→havebeenback（來(lái)這里）ehere→behere→havebeenhere（開業(yè)）open→beopen→havebeenopen（關(guān)門）close→beclosed→havebeenclose（死）die→bedead→havebeendead（到達(dá)）get/arrive/reach→bein/to→havebeenin/to（結(jié)束）finish→beover→havebeenover（生?。ゝallill→beill→havebeenill（離開）leave→beaway→havebeenaway（參加；加入）join/bee→beamemberof→havebeenamemberof考點(diǎn)③現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的固定搭配比較項(xiàng)目用法說(shuō)明①have/hasbeento意為“去過(guò)某地(已回來(lái))”，表示去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了，通常與表示次數(shù)等的狀語(yǔ)連用，如twice、severaltimes、ever或never等②have/hasgoneto意為“去了某地(還沒(méi)回來(lái))”，表示到某地去了，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話時(shí)去某地的人不在場(chǎng)（可能在途中，也可能已到達(dá)）③have/hasbeenin意為“在某地待了多久”，in后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，通常后接一段時(shí)間【*注意】若have/hasbeento或have/hasgoneto后接here、there、home等副詞時(shí)，則省略介詞toEg.Hehasgonehome.他回家去了?？键c(diǎn)④現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)vs一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。注意：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Isawthisfilmyesterday.我昨天看了這部電影。（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.我看過(guò)這部電影了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）語(yǔ)法小測(cè)一、改錯(cuò)：將非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞1)Hehasbeeadoctor.→Hehas________________________adoctorfor2years.2)Hehasjoinedtheparty.→Hehas________________________thepartyfor3hours.3)Theshopopenedsince3yearsago.→Theshop________________________since3yearsago.4)Ihaveborrowedthebook.→Ihave________________________thebookfor2weeks.5)Shehasboughtthepen.→Shehas________________________thepenforoneyear.6)Shehasdied.→She________________________for3years.二、用“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”填空1.Ihave___________seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.

2.Jackhas____________finishedhishomework.

3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool____________tenyears.

4.Haveyou______________seenthefilm?No,Ihave____________seenit.5.Hasthebusleft_____________?Yes,ithas___________left.三、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Myfather_______onbusinessfortwoweeks.He’llreturnin3days.A.leftB.hasleftC.hasgoneD.hasbeenaway2.—Theysaythere’sanewrestaurantnearby.—Yes,andit______fornomorethanaweek.A.hasbeenopenB.opensC.isopeningD.isopened3.Theoldmanhaslivedinthatsmallhouse_________.A.sincetwentyyearsagoB.sincetwentyyearsC.twentyyearsagoD.fortwentyyearsago4.Jimhasmademanyfriendssincehe____________toChina.A.cameB.esC.haseD.wille5.They____________alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.A.spendB.spentC.havespentD.willspend6.Myauntisn’there.She______Shanghaionbusiness.Shewillbebackinthreedays.A.wentB.hasgonetoC.hasbeentoD.willgoto7.—Whyareyousolate?Thetrainhas_____fortenminutes.—Sorry.Iforgotthetime.A.leftB.beenawayC.beenleftD.gone形容詞和副詞通常有3形容詞和副詞通常有3種級(jí)別：原級(jí)原級(jí)沒(méi)有比較含義，“……的/地”沒(méi)有比較含義，“……的/地”as+形容詞/副詞原形+as“...和...一樣”notas/so+形容詞/副詞原形+as“...和...不一樣”比較級(jí)比較級(jí)兩者兩者間比較，“更……的/地”最高級(jí)最高級(jí)三者及三者以上三者及三者以上比較，“最……的/地”形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化類別構(gòu)成例子單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加__er___或__est__longlongerlongest以字母e結(jié)尾加__r___或__st__largelargerlargest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母(輔元輔)，則__雙寫末尾輔音字母再加__er___或__est___bigbiggerbiggest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變__y___為__i___再加__er___或__est___heavyheavierheaviest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞所有多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞，在詞前加__more__或__most__beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful2.不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestfarfartherfarthestmany/muchmoremostfurtherfurthestbad/badly/illworseworstoldolderoldestlittlelessleasteldereldest**修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,far等，但不能用very,so,too等修飾【記憶口訣】?jī)啥啵╩uch,alot）兩少（alittle,abit）一甚至（even），還有一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)（far）去了★比較級(jí)的考點(diǎn)★最高級(jí)的考點(diǎn)*注：最高級(jí)=比較級(jí)+than+*注：最高級(jí)=比較級(jí)+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞=比較級(jí)+than+theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)的其他任何一條河流都長(zhǎng)。語(yǔ)法小測(cè)語(yǔ)法小測(cè)一、按要求完成句子，每空一詞1.Qomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.（改為同義句）Qomolangmais________than________________mountainintheworld.2.Hebecamestrongdaybydayashetookexercise.(改為同義句)The________exercisehetook,the________hebecame.3.Cindygetsupearly.LindagetsupearlierthanCindy.(合并成一句)Cindydoesn'tgetup________________________Linda.4.ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.(改為同義句)Shanghaiis________________cityinChina.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.AlthoughJaneisonlytenyearsold，shecanswimas

_______

asherelderbrother.A.

well

B.

better

C.

badly

D.

worse2.Mysisterisdifferentfromme.Sheis_______moreoutgoingthanme.A.

much

B.

quite

C.

very

D.

pretty3.FuntawildAdventure（歡樂(lè)冒險(xiǎn)島）isverypopularand_______touristsvisitityearbyyear.A.

moreandmore

B.

fewerandfewer

C.

lessandless

D.

moreorless4.The_______kidslearntobeindependent,the_______itisfortheirfuture.A.early;beautifulB.early;morebeautifulC.earlier;beautifulD.earlier;morebeautiful5.Noanimalsintheworldareas_______aspandas.Iagree.Ialsothinktheyare_______ofalltheanimals.A.lovely;themostinteresting B.morelovely;interestingC.themostlovely;themostinterestingD.lovely;mostinteresting6.Theairinourcityis_______thanitusedtobe.Wemustdosomethingtomakeitclean.A.prettygood B.muchbad C.evenworse D.verybad7.InChina,noodlesare_______thandumplings,dumplingsarethemostpopularfood.A.popular B.morepopularC.lesspopular D.mostpopular8.TheweatherofBeijingiscoolerthan_______ofGuangzhou.A.it B.this C.that D.those9.Nanjingisn'tsolarge_______Shanghai,however,it'sthesecond_______cityinEastChina.A.like;largestB.as;largestC.like;largeD.as;large10.—It’scoldtoday.Ican’tstandit.Ihopetomorrowwon'tbeso_______.—Ican't,either.Buttheradiosaysitwillbeeven_______tomorrow.cold;coldB.cold;colderC.colder;colderD.colder;coldest三、unless、assoonas、so...that...引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句一、unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要有if和unless，兩者可轉(zhuǎn)換。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，即主將從現(xiàn)。主句從句一般將來(lái)時(shí)+unless/if+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)unless=if...not如果不.....;除非....如果不努力學(xué)習(xí)，你考試會(huì)不及格的。如：You_________failtheexam_________you_________workhard.=You_________failtheexam_________youworkhard.二、assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句assoonas一...就主句從句一般將來(lái)時(shí)+assoonas+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(主將從現(xiàn))一般過(guò)去時(shí)+assoonas+一般過(guò)去時(shí)(主過(guò)從過(guò))IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.ItoldhimthenewsassoonasIsawhimyesterday.可與theminute/themoment同義替換IwilltellhimthenewstheminuteIseehim.三、so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有so/such…that…等。（1）區(qū)分兩種句式：soso+形容詞/副詞+thatsuch+a/an+形容詞+名詞單數(shù)+thatsuch+形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that如此……以至于……注意：當(dāng)名詞前有much，many，little，few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用so(口訣)“多多少少（many/much/few/little）要用so1.湯姆如此聰明，語(yǔ)文學(xué)得很好。Tomis_________cleverthathelearnsChinesewell.=Tomis_________acleverboythathelearnsChinesewell.2.你不能花這么多時(shí)間在網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲上。Youcan’tspend_________muchtimeonputergames.【同義替換】當(dāng)so...that...中that后的從句為肯定句時(shí)，可與enoughtodo進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換；that后的從句為否定句時(shí)，可與too...to...(太...以至于不...)轉(zhuǎn)換。1.他跑得很快，贏得了比賽。Heransofastthathewontherace.(肯定句)=Heranfastenoughtowintherace.2.這個(gè)孩子太小，不能去上學(xué)。Thechildissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.(否定句)=Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.語(yǔ)法小測(cè)1.Tabletennisis_______aninterestinggame_______peopleallovertheworldplayit.A.so;thatB.too;toC.such;thatD.as;as2.Marywillmakeaplanassoonasshe_______herhomework.A.finish B.finishes C.finished D.willfinish3.Itwas_______adifficultquestion_______peoplecouldn'tanswerit.A.too;to B.such;that C.enough;to D.so;that4.Momwon’tletDickgoout_______hepromisestobebackby10:00tonight.A.if B.when C.since D.unless5.—Hehas_______muchcouragethathewantstochallengehimself.—Heis_______abraveboy!A.such;so B.so;so C.so;suchD.such;such6.Iwillcallyouassoonasyourcousin_______.A.arrive B.arrives C.arrivedD.willarrive7.Youwon’tfeelhappyatschool_______yougetonwellwithyourclassmates.A.if B.because C.unless D.because8.Theelephanthas_______astrongbody_______itcandoheavyworkforpeople.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.so;and9.WuYiwillhelpwiththehousework_______hegetshomeafterschool.A.since B.while C.assoonasD.unless10.Whydidn’tyouwritedownwhattheteachersaid?Hespoke_______fast_______Ididn’tfollowhim.A.so;thatB.too;toC.very;thatD.such;that16組高頻詞組辨析few、afew、little、alittle、abit、alittlebitHowlong、Howsoon、Howoften、Howfarachievevs.etrueinsteadofvs.insteadalreadyvs.yetvs.stillnolongervs.nomoreanother、other、others、theother、theothersseesb.do/doingsth.awakevs.wakespend、pay、cost、takebemadeof/from/in/bytowardsvs.todieof/diefromwholevs.allhopevs.wishthenumberof/anumberof考點(diǎn)1“一點(diǎn)家族”few、afew、little、alittle、abit、alittlebitalittle的兩個(gè)用法表示“一點(diǎn)；少量”,后接表示“一點(diǎn)；少量”,后接不可數(shù)名詞Thereisalittlemilkinthebowl.碗里有一點(diǎn)兒牛奶alittle=kindof表示“稍微；有一點(diǎn)...”,后接形容詞或副詞alittleshy有一點(diǎn)害羞【拓展】辨析alittle,afew,little與few修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞表示否定含義（幾乎沒(méi)有）fewlittle表示肯定含義（有一些）afewalittle考點(diǎn)2“實(shí)現(xiàn)”achievevs.etrueachievev.達(dá)成，完成?achievementn.成就achieve主語(yǔ)是人，sb.achievesth.etrue主語(yǔ)是事情（理想，愿望等），sth.etrueHeworkssohardthatheissuretohisdream.Hisdreamofpassingthetestlastweek.考點(diǎn)3“還/已經(jīng)”alreadyvs.yetvs.stillIhave________finishedmyhomework.Ifinisheditanhourago.A．yet B．a(chǎn)lready C．ever D．never2.Haveyoufinishedreadingthenewbook________?A．a(chǎn)lready B．still C．too D．yet考點(diǎn)4“其他家族”another、other、others、theother、theothers代詞用法例句other意為“其他的”，不能單獨(dú)使用，?？紀(jì)ther+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)WelearnChinese,English,mathandothersubjects.others意為“其他人”，others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，后（能/不能）跟名詞Somestudentsaredoinghomework,butothersaretalkingloudly.theother常用于“one...theother...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“（兩者中的）另一個(gè)”Hehastwobrothers,oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.theothers=theother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，指剩余的全部Thereare48studentsinourclass,someworkhard,buttheothersdon’t.another表示“（三者及三者以上）的另一個(gè)”，只能代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Idon’tlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.1.Mrs.Whitehastwochildren,oneisadaughter,________isason.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother2.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime,________liketotravel.A.othersB.otherC.theotherD.another考點(diǎn)5“醒/叫醒”awakevs.wake單詞用法例句wake動(dòng)詞，意為“弄醒；醒來(lái)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作wake...up“把……叫醒”(名詞放后面，代詞放中間)PleasewakeupLucyatsixo’clock.Lilyissleeping.Don’twakeherup.awake形容詞，意為“醒著的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)It’slateatnight,butheisstillawake.1.Yesterdaymorningmymother________atsix.A.wokeupmeB.wakemeupC.wokemeupD.wakesupme2.—Isyourfather________orasleep?—Heisasleep.Butwemust________himup,orhe’llmissthemeeting.Aawake;wakeBawake;awakeCwake;wakeDwake;awake考點(diǎn)6“由...制成”bemadeof/bemadefrom/bemadeby/bemadein考點(diǎn)7“因...而死亡”dieof/diefrom短語(yǔ)相同點(diǎn)區(qū)別diefrom表示因病而死時(shí)，可通用側(cè)重指外部原因，如事故、自然災(zāi)害等Eg.Shediedfromatrafficaccident.dieof側(cè)重指自身原因，如衰老、饑餓等Eg.It’ssaidthattheoldmandiedofsorrow（憂傷）.考點(diǎn)8“希望；愿望”hopevs.wish【易混辨析】hope與wishhopewish____hopetodosth._____希望做某事____wishtodosth._____希望做某事hope+that從句（可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）wish+that從句（難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）hope后面不能接sb.作賓語(yǔ)hopesb.（×）___wishsb.todosth.____希望某人做某事【拓展】Ihopeso.（我希望如此）”或“Ihopenot.（我希望不會(huì)）”，用來(lái)做簡(jiǎn)略回答。1.AgroupofstudentsfromHongqiSchoolhope________ourschoolartfestivalnextweek.A.joinin B.tojoinin C.joiningin D.joinedin2.Teacherswishalltheirstudents________progressdaybyday.A.tomake B.make C.totake D.take考點(diǎn)9Howlong、Howsoon、Howoften、Howfar“How+形容詞/副詞”引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句短語(yǔ)含義答語(yǔ)howfar(距離)多遠(yuǎn)It’s+5meters(距離)/10minutes’walk（時(shí)間s’+交通方式）howlong(時(shí)間)多久?過(guò)去時(shí)For/About+時(shí)間段(長(zhǎng)度)多少10km(kilometers/meters/centimetre)等表示長(zhǎng)度的詞語(yǔ)howsoon(時(shí)間)多久以后?將來(lái)時(shí)In+時(shí)間段howoften(頻率)多久一次once,twice,always等表示頻率的詞語(yǔ)howold(年齡)多大12yearsold等表示年齡的詞語(yǔ)howmany(可數(shù)名詞)數(shù)量多少100等具體的基數(shù)詞或several等修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞語(yǔ)howmuch(不可數(shù)名詞)數(shù)量多少alotof,3glasses(of)等用于表達(dá)不可數(shù)名詞的量的詞語(yǔ)(物品價(jià)格)多少錢5dollars,2yuanakilo等表示價(jià)格的詞語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)10“替代；取而代之”insteadofvs.instead【易混辨析】instead與insteadof單詞詞性用法instead(放句首句末)副詞意為“代替；反而；卻”，用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子insteadof+名詞/代詞/動(dòng)詞ing副詞短語(yǔ)意為“代替；而不是”Eg.Hedidn’tplaybasketball.Hewentswimminginstead.他去游泳了，而沒(méi)有去打籃球。=Hewentswimminginsteadofplayingbasketball.（真正做的事情放insteadof前面）考點(diǎn)11“不再...”nolongervs.nomore【易混辨析】nolonger與nomorenolonger=not...anylonger(句末)，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或狀態(tài)上不再延續(xù)，通常和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用nomore=not...anymore，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量或程度上不再變化，多與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用Eg.Herfatherdied,andafterthatshenolongerwenttoschool.她的父親去世了，那之后她就不再上學(xué)了。=shedidn’tgotoschoolanylonger.Thereisnomorebread.沒(méi)有面包了。1.Mygrandparents________liveinthecountrysidebecausetheyaretoooldtolookafterthemselves.A.notlongerB.nolongerC.anylongerD.anymore2.—Mom,howshouldIgotothemuseumtomorrow?—Youare________akidnow.Youneedtomakeadecisionbyyourself.A.anylongerB.nolongerC.muchmoreD.anymore考點(diǎn)12“看見某人....”seesb.do/doingsth.【辨析】see固定結(jié)構(gòu)用法seesb.doingsth.“看見某人正在做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Eg.Iseehimeatingwatermelon.seesb.dosth.“看到某人做某事的全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)所做的事經(jīng)常發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成Eg.Thegirlsawhimsteal（偷）thatbook.dosth.doingsth.【*注意】同樣的用法也適用于dosth.doingsth.考點(diǎn)13“花費(fèi)”spend、pay、cost、take單詞用法結(jié)構(gòu)paypaid花錢，主語(yǔ)是人+pay+money+forsth.某人花費(fèi)多少錢買某物costcost花錢，主語(yǔ)是物sth.cost++money.某物花了某人多少錢spendspent花錢/時(shí)間，主語(yǔ)是人onsth.doingsth.+spend+money/time+onsth.doingsth.某人花費(fèi)多少錢/時(shí)間在某物上/做某事taketook花時(shí)間，it作形式主語(yǔ)Ittakes++time+todosth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間Eg.Hespent300yuanbuyingthejacket.這件夾克衫花了他300元錢。=Hespent300yuanonthejacket.=Hepaid300yuanforthejacket.=Thejacketcosthim300yuan.Ittakesmetwohourstodohomeworkeveryday.每天做作業(yè)花費(fèi)我兩小時(shí)的時(shí)間?？键c(diǎn)14“向....”towardsvs.totowards與to的用法towards只表示“向著某個(gè)方向”，沒(méi)有“到達(dá)”之意to常跟在動(dòng)詞go、e、return、move等詞之后，表示“向；往”，有“到達(dá)”之意Theydrovetowardsthebeach.他們駕車朝海灘駛?cè)?。HemovedtoShanghailastyear.去年他搬去了上海?？键c(diǎn)15“全部”wholevs.all【易混辨析】單詞中文用法whole全部的；整體的放在名詞的前面，常和定冠詞the連用Itrainedthewholeday.一整天都在下雨。all放在冠詞和其他限定詞的前面Theyoungwomanspentallhermoneyonherclothes.這個(gè)年輕女子花光了所有的錢買衣服?？键c(diǎn)16“number家族”thenumberof/anumberof短語(yǔ)用法thenumberof表示“……的數(shù)量”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)is（單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)）形式anumberof表示“許多”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)are（單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)）形式，其中number可被large、small、great等形容詞修飾1.Look!There________anumberofsheeponthegrassland.A.hasB.areC.isD.be2.Inourcitythere________anumberofcarsandthenumberofthem________growinglargerandlarger.A.are;isB.have;is C.is;are D.is;areUnit6Unit10詞性轉(zhuǎn)換【Unit6】1.shoot射擊；發(fā)射(v.)→____________(過(guò)去式)2.hide隱藏(v.)→____________(過(guò)去式)3.magic有魔力的；有神奇力量的(adj.)→____________(n.)魔術(shù)師4.excite使激動(dòng)；使興奮(v.)→____________(adj.)令人激動(dòng)的；令人興奮的→____________(adj.)激動(dòng)的；興奮的→____________(n.)激動(dòng)；興奮5.western西方國(guó)家的；西方的(adj.)→____________(n.)西方6.gold金子；金色的(n./adj.)→____________(adj.)金的7.wife妻子；太太(n.)→____________(復(fù)數(shù)形式)8.shine發(fā)光；照耀(v.)→____________(過(guò)去式)→____________(現(xiàn)在分詞)9.lead帶路；領(lǐng)路(v.)→____________(過(guò)去式)10.marry結(jié)婚(v.)→____________(adj.)結(jié)婚的11.brave勇敢的(adj.)→____________(adv.)勇敢地【練一練】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Leowantedtocatchthecat,butitranawayand____________(hide)behindthebushesinthegarden.2.Theywerediscussingtheproblemsof____________(west)countries.3.Itisreportedthatthenumberofworking____________(wife)isbeinglargerandlarger.4.Theseboyswerevery____________(excite)whentheysawtheirfavoritesoccerstar.5.Look!Themoontonightis____________(shine)inthesky.6.Whatcouldyoudoinsteadof____________(play)putergames?7.Inthestory,HouYi____________(shoot)downninesuns.8.Whereisthe____________(magic)from?Ilikehisshowverymuch.9.Theygot____________(marry)manyyearsagoandtheystillloveeachotherdeeply.10.Thebeautifulgirlhaslongcurly____________(gold)hair.【Unit7】1.deep深的；縱深的(adj.)→____________(n.)深度2.Asia亞洲(n.)→____________(adj.)亞洲的；亞洲人的3.tour旅行；旅游(n./v.)→____________(n.)旅行者；觀光者4.amaze使吃驚(v.)→____________(adj.)令人大為驚奇的→____________(adj.)吃驚的；驚奇的5.wide寬的；寬闊的(adj.)→____________(adv.廣泛地)6.achievement成就；成績(jī)(n.)→____________(v.實(shí)現(xiàn))7.include包括；包含(v.)→____________(prep.)包括8.freeze（使）凍結(jié)(v.)→____________(adj.)極冷的；冰凍的9.succeed成功(v.)→____________(n.)成功→____________(adj.)成功的→____________(adv.)成功地10.protect保護(hù)；防護(hù)(v.)→____________(n.)保護(hù)11.awake醒著(adj.)→____________(v.)醒來(lái)12.illness疾病；病(n.)→____________(adj.)生病的；有病的13.weigh重量是……；稱……的重量(v.)→____________(n.)重量14.keep飼養(yǎng)；保持(v.)→____________(n.)飼養(yǎng)員；保管人15.excitement激動(dòng)；興奮(n.)→____________(v.)使激動(dòng)；使興奮→____________(adj.)激動(dòng)的；興奮的→____________(adj.)令人激動(dòng)的；令人興奮的16.bamboo竹子(n.)→____________(復(fù)數(shù))17.nature自然界；大自然(n.)→____________(adj.)自然的【練一練】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thecinemaistoo____________(freeze),soIneedtowearasweater.2.Hisdogdiedbecauseofakindofserious____________(ill).3.Helovesanimalsandhisdreamistobeananimal____________(keep).4.Allofusjumpedupwith____________(excite)whenweheardthegoodnews.5.Theresearchcentermadethirtyrulesonwhale____________(protect).6.Tofinishtheworkontime,Mr.Greendranksomecoffeetokeephimself____________(wake).7.HangzhouwillbethethirdChinesecitytohostthe____________(Asia)GamesafterBeijingandGuangzhou.8.AlthoughLucytriedherbesttoloseweight,shedidn’t____________(success).9.Onweekends,manypeoplegototheforestandenjoythemselvesinthe____________(nature)world.10.AnearthquakehappenedinJiuzhaigouandmany____________(tour)wereinjured.11.ThemovieMr.Beanisavery____________(succeed)edy.12.Weshoulddosomethingtoprotectthese____________(danger)wildanimals.13.Theheavyrainpreventedusfrom____________(e)intime.【Unit8】1.classic經(jīng)典作品；名著(n.)→____________(adj.)古典的2.technology科技；工藝(n.)→____________(adj.)技術(shù)的；工藝的3.France法國(guó)(n.)→____________(n./adj.)法語(yǔ)；法國(guó)人；法國(guó)的4.pop流行音樂(lè)(n.)→____________(adj.)流行的；受歡迎的5.actual真實(shí)的(adj.)→____________(adv.)真實(shí)地；事實(shí)上6.south南方(n.)→____________(adj.)南方的7.success成功(n.)→____________(v.)成功→____________(adj.)成功的→____________(adv.)成功地8.laugh笑(v.)→____________(n.)笑聲9.beauty美；美麗(n.)→____________(adj.)美麗的→____________(adv.)美麗地10.introduce介紹(v.)→____________(n.)介紹【練一練】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theboyesfromthe____________(south)partofthiscountry.2.Wecantellthatsheisveryhappyfromher____________(laugh).3.Let’sgotothecountrysideandenjoythe____________(beautiful)ofnature.4.OurnewteachercanspeakbothEnglishand____________(France).5.Weletoourcity!Letme____________(introduction)someplacesofinteresttoyou.6.Ihopeyouwillbe____________(success)inyourstudies.7.Dictionaryisthemostusefulamongallthelearning____________(tool).8.Weplantotravelaround.Butwehaven’tdecidedwhere____________(go).9.Ienjoyreading____________(classical)whenIwasyoung.10.Iwanttorepairthese____________(break)bikesandthengivethemtothepoorchildren.【Unit9】1.invent發(fā)明(v.)→____________(n.)發(fā)明；發(fā)明物→____________(n.)發(fā)明家2.believe相信(v.)→____________(adj.)可信的→____________(adj.)難以置信的；不真實(shí)的3.rapid迅速的(adj.)→____________(adv.)迅速地4.usual平常的(adj.)→____________(adv.)通?！鷂___________(adj.)不尋常的5.encourage鼓勵(lì)(v.)→____________(n.)鼓勵(lì)6.society社會(huì)(n.)→____________(adj.)社會(huì)的7.peace和平(n.)→____________(adj.)和平的→____________(adv.)和平地8.perform表演(v.)→____________(n.)表演；演出9.perfect完美的；完全的(adj.)→____________(adv.)完美地；完全地10.collect收集；采集(v.)→____________(n.)收集；收藏品→____________(n.)收集者；收藏家11.Germ