Unit4Sharing周測試卷（二）（含答案）高二英語下學(xué)期周測月考培優(yōu)練（人教版2019選擇性）

人教版（2019）選擇性必修四Unit4Sharing周測試卷（二）滿分：100分測試時(shí)間：40分鐘。品詞填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)1．Asweallknow,glass________(收縮)whenitcools.2．Motherisalwayssinginganice________(曲調(diào))whensheishappy.3．InlearningEnglishwemustensureadequatequality________(輸入)oftheEnglishlanguage.4．Myeldersisterworksasthe________(顧問)managerinthispany.5．Mikegotcaughtinatrafficaccidentlastyearandhasbeen________(殘疾)eversince.6.Shewasafairly(固執(zhí)的)personwhohadstrongpersonalviews.

7.Thetreesprovide(陰涼處)fortheanimalsinthesummer.

8.Theskinonhercheeksandaroundhereyeswasbeginningto(起皺紋).

9.ThetrainwasabouttoleaveandIwasnotevenonthe(站臺).

10.BythemiddleofJulyyoushouldbegintohave(成熟的)tomatoestoeat.

11.Pleasepassthis(包裹)ontoMr.Li.

12.WhenIwenthome,Iwascaughtinatraffic(堵塞).

13.ThefirstthingIhavetodotomorrowisto(除雜草)thegarden.

14.paredwithherachievements,hershortingsare(次要的).

15.Whethermiddleschoolstudentsshouldwearschool(制服)isaninterestingtopic.

單句語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)Thewoman,bornwith_______(disable)thataffecthereyesight,becamethechampionofthegame.Iresigned_______theforeignpanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob.Derartuisanoutstandingathleteanddeserved_______(win)inthelastgame.Hehasmaderapidprogressinphysics,sotheconditionsareripe_______applyingfortherelevantmajor.Sometimes,Iregretnot_______(make)betteruseofthetimethathasgoneby.I’msogladyouarehere.I’vebeendying_______(tell)someonewhathappenedinschooltoday.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,from_______kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.Aftergraduation,shesetupanorganizationtohelp_______disabledwiththeirstudy.Ifyouwanttocarrytheinformationwithyou,justplugtheUSBflashdisk_______yourputerandcopyimportantfilestoit.10.HecanspeakEnglishperfectlynowadays,sohedoesn’twanttodrag_______hisfailureinoralEnglish.閱讀理解(共8小題;每小題2.5分，滿分20分)AHaveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditseverchangingforms?Ifnotyoucouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.Cloudspottingdoesn’trequiremuch.Sometimes,itcanbeaninvitationtobemarveled(驚嘆)bysomethingsomonthatwe’vebeeblindtoit.Oryoucangodeeper,tryingtomakesenseoftheskybylearningthedifferentcloudtypes.ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceoffortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.ForZheng,oneofhermostunforgettablecloudspottingexperiencesoccurredduringaflight.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadseenaspecialnaturalphenomenoncalleda“glory”,producedbywaterdropsintheair.Itappearedasahazy(模糊的)lightpointinthemiddleofacircularrainbowhalo(圓形彩虹光環(huán)).“Itwassuchasurprise,”Zhengrecalled.Asagrowingnumberofonlineusersbegantoshowinterestandraisequestions,Zhengrealizedthatshecouldoffermoresciencecontentaboutcloudspotting.Soshestartedtolearnmorebyreferringtospecializedbooksandconsultingindividualswithexpertiseinmeteorology(氣象學(xué)).Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,parisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweatherrelatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloudwatchingexperiences.Lookingahead,Zhenghasplanstoholdseveralgalleryexhibitions.“ThefirstroundofexhibitionswillbeinXiameninFujianandChengduinSichuan,”Zhengsaid,addingthatshe’sgatheringmorecloudphotosandtheuniquestoriesbehindthem.Bydoingthis,shehopestoinspiremorepeopletoappreciatethebeautyofthe“gentlewhitegiants(巨人)”inthesky.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Introduceanevent. B.Leadinthetopic.C.Shareanopinion. D.Describeascene.2.WhatwasZheng’soriginalintentionofopeninganaccount?A.Tosharemomentsofspottingclouds. B.Toreceivemoreattentiononline.C.Tospreadlovetomorepeople. D.Togainmorefortforherself.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZheng?A.Honestandpositive. B.Patientandhumble.C.Considerateandgenerous. D.Popularandhardworking.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?AAbloggerattractsalargenumberoffollowersonline.B.Abloggeriskeenonadmiringthewondersofthesky.C.Abloggerfindsdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife.D.Abloggershowsinterestsinresearchingmeteorology.BPeoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirbloodsuckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.AteamofresearchersfromVirginiaTechintheUSlookedintodifferentkindsofsoap.Theyinvitedvolunteerstotesthowfourdifferentsoapflavorsattractmosquitoes.Afteranalyzingthemosquitoesbehavior,theresearchersdiscoveredseveralchemicalsinthesoapthatcaninfluencethemosquitoes’“choiceoffood”.Twochemicals,onewiththesmellofcoconutandanotherwiththescentofflowers,cankeeptheinsectsaway.Theteamalsofoundthatwhatmatterstomosquitoesisnotjustthechemicals,butratherthebinationofchemicalswitheachperson’ssmell.Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.Theycanalsorepelmosquitoesbyusinganotherkindofsoap.Thefindingwere“remarkable”,saidseniorauthorClementVinaugerinanewsrelease,addingthathewouldchooseacoconutscentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20by20meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.Theyfoundthattheinsectscantrackscentsupto60meters.Also,mosquitoesaremostattractedtoakindofchemicalcalledcarboxylic(羧基的)acid,whichisusuallyproducedbybacteriaonhumanskin.Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplantbasedfoods.Byanalyzingthechemicalsthateitherattractorrepelmosquitoes,scientistsareabletoimprovemosquitorepellent.Withmorestudies,scientistsbelievechangingaperson’sdietcouldonedaymakethem“mosquitoproof”.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforregionswheremosquitoescarrydiseases,suchasmalaria,CNNreported.5.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheunderlinedword“repel”?A.Relyon. B.Giveoff. C.Driveaway. D.Decideon.6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theprincipleofdrawingaconclusion. B.Theprocessofconductingtheresearch.C.Thefindingsofthescientistsinvolved. D.Thesignificanceofthisexperiment.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Chemicalsarewhatmattermosttomosquitoes.B.Peopledislikemosquitoesmainlybecausetheycarrydisease.C.APlantbaseddietcanpossiblyprotectpeoplefrombeingbittenbymosquitoes.D.Mosquitoesarenotsensitivetocarboxylicacidthatisproducedbyhumanskin.8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.Animals. B.Medicine. C.Entertainment. D.Science.四、完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OveringmyinitialstrugglesintheNetherlandstostartmyPhDhasbeenlikeridingabike.I___1___inahilly,seasidecityinChinawithoutcyclepaths,andbikingwasdangerousforme.Now,myDutchneighbourwastellingmeIhadto___2___.Ittookmearoundamonthtofeel___3___cycling.Afterhalfayear,Iamstartingtoenjoyit.Forme,ahelpful___4___fordealingwithDutchtrafficwastomakealotofnoiseasIrode:loudlaughs,“l(fā)ookout”,“watchit”,andsoon.This___5___othercyclistsintokeepingawayfromme,andpreventedthe___6___thathadseemedunavoidablewhenIstarted.Thispattern,ofatimeofstruggle___7___byfun,wasrepeatedwithotheraspectsofmylifeinUtrecht.Thereweremore“bikes”thatI___8___tolearnhowtoride.Oneofthemwas___9___management.InUtrecht,Idon’tseepeopleworking____10____time.Asforworkingattheweekend,____11____it.Iinitiallyassumedthatnobodywasworkingveryhard,becauseoftheirshorter____12____.Butafterafewmonths,IrealizedthattheotherPhDstudentswereallpletelyfocusedontheirworkduringthateighthourworkingperiod,whereasIwastakingendless“____13____”whenIcouldhavebeenfocusingonmystudies.Cyclinghasbeea____14____ofmygrowth,freedomand____15____adaptationtoPhDlifeintheNetherlands.AndIhaveformedagoodhabitofworkingwhileIworkandplayingwhileIplay.1.A.wentthrough B.workedout C.grewup D.gotaround2.A.travel B.decide C.advance D.learn3.A.nervous B.anxious C.sensitive D.fortable4.A.trick B.plan C.tendency D.instruction5.A.cheated B.persuaded C.guided D.frightened6.A.races B.ruins C.crashes D.petitions7.A.followed B.presented C.supported D.appreciated8.A.hesitated B.needed C.remembered D.failed9.A.time B.finance C.business D.personnel10.A.special B.regular C.extra D.legal11.A.cancel B.forget C.make D.take12.A.hours B.vacations C.weekdays D.distances13.A.exercise B.responsibility C.breaks D.exams14.A.weakness B.symbol C.concept D.remark15.A.ambitious B.successful C.objective D.careless五、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniforms(校服)areagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody____1___(have)toworryaboutfashion(時(shí)尚).Everybodywears____2____samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth____3____givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor____4___(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan____5____(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer____6____thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschool____7____(introduce)uniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant____8____(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno____9___(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformances.Schooluniformsare_____10_____(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon’thaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.參考答案：詞匯運(yùn)用：1.contracts2.tune3.input4.consultant5．disabled6.rigid7.shade8.wrinkle9.platform10.ripe11.parcel12.jam13.weed14.secondary15.uniform(s)單句語法填空：1.disabilities2.from3.towin4.for5.making6.totell7.where8.the9.into10.up閱讀理解【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了被稱為“云收藏家”的小紅書博主在網(wǎng)上分享云的照片，收到了網(wǎng)友的歡迎?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditseverchangingforms?Ifnot,youcouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.(你有沒有仔細(xì)觀察過一朵云，并注意到它不斷變化的形態(tài)?如果沒有，你可能會錯(cuò)過一些非常奇妙的東西)”可知，第一段的作用是引入文章話題。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.(這位25歲的科普博主姓鄭，在生活方式平臺小紅書上被稱為“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年創(chuàng)建了自己的賬戶，分享云照片)”可知，鄭創(chuàng)建賬戶的初衷是分享看云的時(shí)刻。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,parisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweatherrelatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloudwatchingexperiences.(鄭現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)分享了近200條科普內(nèi)容，包括云的識別、形成、不同云類型的比較以及與天氣有關(guān)的知識。她的賬號現(xiàn)在在小紅書上有超過21萬的粉絲，平臺上有五個(gè)群聊，成千上萬的用戶分享他們每天的觀云經(jīng)歷)”可知，鄭積極分享科普，受到了粉絲歡迎，即他受歡迎且勤奮。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceoffortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.(這位25歲的科普博主姓鄭，在生活方式平臺小紅書上被稱為“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年創(chuàng)建了自己的賬戶，分享云照片。鄭喜歡從記錄日常生活的美好中尋找樂趣，他認(rèn)為這是一種將美好時(shí)刻傳播給更多人的方式。來自福建的鄭說:“云一直是我的慰藉?！?”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了被稱為“云收藏家”的小紅書博主在網(wǎng)上分享云的照片，收到了網(wǎng)友的歡迎?？芍@篇文章主要講的是一個(gè)博主熱衷于欣賞天空的奇觀。故選B。【答案】5.C6.B7.C8.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蚊子尋找人類的機(jī)制以及如何通過改變飲食來避免被蚊子叮咬?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.(例如，吸引蚊子的人在使用一種肥皂后會對蚊子更有吸引力)”以及后文“hewouldchooseacoconutscentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.(他會選擇一種椰子味的肥皂來驅(qū)趕蚊子)”可知，吸引蚊子的人在使用一種肥皂后會對蚊子更有吸引力，但是他們還可以用另一種肥皂來驅(qū)趕蚊子。由此可知，劃線詞意思是“趕走”。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20by20meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.(這些昆蟲是如何找到人類的也讓科學(xué)家們感到好奇。根據(jù)發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)新研究，研究人員為數(shù)百只蚊子建造了一個(gè)“食堂”。在這個(gè)20乘20米的設(shè)施里，有6個(gè)墊子，它們散發(fā)著不同人類的氣味。這些墊子被加熱以模擬人類的睡眠)”可知，第四段主要講了進(jìn)行研究的過程。故選B。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplantbasedfoods.(其中一名參與者的氣味對昆蟲沒有吸引力，研究人員認(rèn)為這是由于該人的飲食，主要是植物性食物)”可知，植物性飲食可能保護(hù)人們不被蚊子叮咬。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirbloodsuckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.(人們討厭蚊子是因?yàn)樗鼈冇形膬A向?？茖W(xué)家們也受到蚊子的困擾，一直在研究驅(qū)除蚊子的方法)”可知，文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們研究蚊子尋找人類的機(jī)制以及如何通過改變飲食來避免被蚊子叮咬。由此推知，這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版面。故選D。完形填空【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A5.D6.C7.A8.B9.A10.C11.B12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了作者在荷蘭開始博士生活時(shí)面臨挑戰(zhàn)，通過學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車和時(shí)間管理，逐漸適應(yīng)了新環(huán)境，形成了工作專注、生活平衡的好習(xí)慣。【1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我在中國一個(gè)沒有自行車道的多山海濱城市長大，對我來說騎自行車是危險(xiǎn)的。A.wentthrough經(jīng)歷；B.workedout解出；C.grewup成長；D.gotaround在周圍。根據(jù)下文“inahilly,seasidecityinChina”可知，作者是在一個(gè)沿海城市長大的，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我的荷蘭鄰居告訴我我必須學(xué)會騎自行車。A.travel旅行；B.decide決定；C.advance推進(jìn)；D.learn學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)上文“bikingwasdangerousforme”可知，作者之前不會騎自行車，現(xiàn)在需要開始學(xué)習(xí)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了大約一個(gè)月的時(shí)間才對騎自行車感到舒適。A.nervous緊張的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.fortable舒適的。根據(jù)上文“Ittookmearoundamonth”可知，作者從最初的不適應(yīng)到后來的適應(yīng)花了一個(gè)月的時(shí)間，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，處理荷蘭交通的一個(gè)有用的技巧是騎車時(shí)制造很多噪音。A.trick技巧；B.plan計(jì)劃；C.tendency傾向；D.instruction指示。根據(jù)下文“tomakealotofnoiseasIrode”可知，作者提到了一種應(yīng)對荷蘭交通的方法，那就是一邊騎車一邊發(fā)出很多聲音，這算是一種技巧，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這使得其他騎車的人遠(yuǎn)離我，并且避免了一開始看起來不可避免的碰撞。A.cheated欺騙；B.persuaded說服；C.guided引導(dǎo)；D.frightened嚇唬。根據(jù)下文“intokeepingawayfromme”可知，作者發(fā)出的這些噪音會嚇走了其他騎自行車的人，也就是提前警告其他騎自行車的人，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.races比賽；B.ruins毀滅；C.crashes碰撞；D.petitions競爭。根據(jù)上文“intokeepingawayfromme”可知，作者發(fā)出聲音讓路上的行人避讓，這是在避免發(fā)生碰撞，故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種掙扎之后是樂趣的模式，在烏特勒支我生活的其他方面也重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了。A.followed跟隨；B.presented呈現(xiàn)；C.supported支持；D.appreciated感激。根據(jù)下文“byfun”可知，經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的時(shí)期，之后是快樂的時(shí)間，followedby符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有更多的“自行車”我需要學(xué)會如何“騎”。A.hesitated猶豫；B.needed需要；C.remembered記得；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“oneofthemwastimemanagement”可知，作者需要學(xué)習(xí)新的技能，其中之一是時(shí)間管理技能，作者把學(xué)習(xí)新技能比做是學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車，他需要學(xué)會這些技能，故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其中之一是時(shí)間管理。A.time時(shí)間；B.finance財(cái)務(wù)；C.business商業(yè)；D.personnel人事。根據(jù)下文“Idon’tseepeopleworkingextratime”可知，作者提到這里的人們不會加班，也就是人們的時(shí)間管理做的很好，故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在烏特勒支，我沒有看到人們在規(guī)定時(shí)間之外工作。A.special特別的；B.regular定期的；C.extra額外的；D.legal合法的。根據(jù)上文“timemanagement”可知，這里的人們時(shí)間管理技能非常好，所以他們不需要額外加班，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：至于在周末工作，他們忽略了它。A.cancel取消；B.forget忘記；C.make做；D.take拿。根據(jù)上文“Idon’tseepeopleworkingextratime”可知，這里的人們平時(shí)都不會加班，周末加班更是不可能，forgetit的意思是便是“不要想”，符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最初以為沒有人工作得很努力，因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ鲿r(shí)間更短。A.hours小時(shí)；B.vacations假期；C.weekdays工作日；D.distances距離。根據(jù)第10小題和第11小題可知，荷蘭人平時(shí)也不加班，至于周末就更不會加班了，所以他們的工作時(shí)間較短，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是幾個(gè)月后，我意識到其他博士生在那個(gè)八小時(shí)工作期間完全專注于他們的工作，而我卻不停地“休息”，當(dāng)我本可