新教材2024高中英語(yǔ)Unit4HistoryandTraditionsSectionⅡReadingandThinking同步測(cè)試新人教版必修第二冊(cè)

PAGEReadingandThinking(1)[基礎(chǔ)測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Yourideasare(fascinate)tome.

2.Thisisabookof(puzzle)forchildren.

3.Itisasuitable(locate)foranewschool.

4.Theytookuparmsin(defend)oftheircountry.

5.Thetown’swatercomesfromthe(surround)hills.

6.TheUSdollarisdownagainstmostforeign(currency)today.

7.Ifeltagreatsenseof(achieve)whenIreachedthetopofthemountain.

8.Lionsandtigersbelongthecatfamily.

9.Itishardworkthatresultshissuccess.

10.Makesureyouhaven’tleftanythingonthetrain.

答案:1.fascinating2.puzzles3.location4.defence5.surrounding6.currencies7.achievement8.to9.in10.behindⅡ.用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空join...to...,aswellas,resultin,keepyoureyesopen,referto...as...,leavebehind1.Ialwayshimabookworm.

2.Thenewhighwayhasourvillagethecity.

3.Thesnowstormhashundredsofdeaths.

4.Theincidentalotofproblemsanddifficulties.

5.Asmybestfriend,hesharesmysorrowsmyjoys.

6.,Andrew.Thereareopportunitieseverywhere.

答案:1.refertoas2.joinedto3.resultedin4.leftbehind5.aswellas6.Keepyoureyesopen[提升測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅲ.閱讀理解AIcomefromCambridge,abeautifulcityintheeastofEngland.ItisontheRiverCamandhasapopulationofabout100,000.Myhometownisespeciallyfamousforitsuniversity.Manyfamouspeoplestudiedhere,suchasIsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.Therearelotsofoldbuildingsandchurchestovisit.Studentsandtouristsenjoytripsalongtheriverbyboat.Cambridgeis80kilometresfromLondon.LondonisinthesouthofEnglandanditisontheRiverThames.Ithasapopulationoflessthannineandahalfmillion,soitisbiggerandbusierthanCambridge.Itisabout2,000yearsold,anditisfamousforBigBen,BuckinghamPalaceandTowerBridge.Englanditselfispartofanisland,andyouarealwaysnearthesea.Thesmallvillagesandbeachesonthecoastarepopularforholidays.Touristsliketheareasoflowmountainsandbeautifullakesinthenorth,andthehillsandprettyvillagesinthesouth.EverywhereinEngland,youwillnoticehowgreenthecountrysideis.Itisneververyhotinsummerorverycoldinwinter.SocomeandseeEnglandanytimeoftheyear,butbringanumbrellawithyou.Itrainsalotallyearround.Youwillneeditmostdays.1.Howmanyexamplesoffamouspeoplearementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two.C.Three. D.Four.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第四句“Manyfamouspeoplestudiedhere,suchasIsaacNewtonandCharlesDarwin.”可知,只有兩位名人被提到。故選B。答案:B2.WhatcanweknowaboutCambridgeandLondon?A.CambridgeismuchbusierthanLondon.B.Londonis2,000kilometresfromCambridge.C.CambridgehasmorefamousbuildingsthanLondon.D.LondonhasamuchbiggerpopulationthanCambridge.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段其次句“ItisontheRiverCamandhasapopulationofabout100,000.”和其次段第三句“Ithasapopulationoflessthannineandahalfmillion”可知,劍橋有約10萬(wàn)人口,而倫敦有不到950萬(wàn)人口。故選D。答案:D3.WhatdotouristslikeaboutthesouthofEngland?A.Thechurches. B.Thelowmountains.C.Theprettyvillages. D.Thebeautifullakes.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第三句“Touristsliketheareasoflowmountainsandbeautifullakesinthenorth,andthehillsandprettyvillagesinthesouth.”可知,游客寵愛(ài)位于英國(guó)南面的美麗村莊。故選C。答案:C4.What’stheclimatelikeinEngland?A.Veryhotinsummer.B.Verycoldinwinter.C.Notverycoldinwinter.D.Notrainyallyearround.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第一句“Itisneververyhotinsummerorverycoldinwinter.”可知,英國(guó)夏天不是很熱,冬天不是很冷。故選C。答案:CBIrelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogiveindependencetothesouthofIreland.Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo“Irelands”.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortage(短缺)ofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asaresultoftheseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Today,manypeoplestillworkonthelandbutmoreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.TheIrisharefamousforbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly.OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere“thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks”.Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(復(fù)興)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,etc.5.Whatdoestheauthortellusinparagraph1?A.HowtheIrishfoughtagainsttheEnglish.B.HowIrelandgainedindependence.C.HowEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.D.Howtwo“Irelands”cameintobeing.解析:推理推斷題。由第一段中“Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo‘Irelands’.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.”可知,北愛(ài)爾蘭是英國(guó)的一部分,而南部的愛(ài)爾蘭共和國(guó)是獨(dú)立的國(guó)家。由此可知,作者告知我們,“兩個(gè)愛(ài)爾蘭”是如何形成的。故選D。答案:D6.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrelandfromthetext?A.Foodshortagesinthe1840sledtoadeclineinpopulation.B.Peoplearemovingtothecitiesforlackofworkinthecountryside.C.Itishardertomakealivingasafarmerthanasafactoryworker.D.DifferentkindsofoldIrishsongsareallsungwithinstruments.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Inthe1840s,themaincrop,potatoes,wereaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.”和“thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851”可知,在19世紀(jì)40年頭,主要農(nóng)作物受病害影響,大約75萬(wàn)人死于饑餓,愛(ài)爾蘭人口驟減到660萬(wàn)。故選A。答案:A7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LifeinIrelandB.AVeryDifficultHistoryC.Ireland,PastandPresentD.TheIndependenceofIreland解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。文章講解并描述了愛(ài)爾蘭的一段歷史,沒(méi)有具體講愛(ài)爾蘭的獨(dú)立,B、D解除;文章第三段主要講的是愛(ài)爾蘭人的生活,A是對(duì)第三段的總結(jié),不夠全面?？傆[全文,文章講解并描述了愛(ài)爾蘭的過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在,故選C。答案:CCManchesteristhe“capital”ofthenorthwestofEngland.SituatedontheeastbankoftheRiverIrwell,itisalivelybusycitywithalargestudentpopulation.Althoughitwasonceseenasonlyadullindustrialplace,inrecentyearsManchesterhasbecomethe“in”place.Itiswellknownforitsclubs,itsfashionanditsmusic,nottomentionitsworld-famousfootballteam,ManchesterUnited.ThereisplentytoseeinManchesterandsomethingtosuitalltastes.Forexample,youhaveatasteoftheOrientinChinatown,hometoManchester’slargeChinesepopulation.AnotherplacetovisitisthehistoricalEastlefieldarea,whichcontainsthefirsturbanheritageparkinBritain.Hereyoucanwalkaroundthemuseumsandexperiencetheatmosphereofthe19thcenturyManchester.Footballfansneednotfeelleftout;theycanalwaysmakeatriptotheOldTraffordManchesterUnitedMuseumwhichalsocontainsacoffeeshopandasouvenirshop.It’seasytofindyourwayaroundthecitycentreandyou’renevertoofarawayfromabus,whichwilltakeyouwhereveryouwanttogo.However,manypeoplepreferwalkinginacitywherethere’ssomuchtosee,andmuchofitisoffthemaintravellines.Ifyougettiredwithallthatwalking,youcanrefreshyourselfatoneofthemanycafébarsinthecity.There’sawidevarietyofhomelyandold-fashionedones.Whateveryoudo,youwon’thaveadullmomentintheplacewhichwasawardedthetitleof“mostinterestingcityinEurope”.Despiteitsunpopularindustrialimageinthepast,Manchesterisbecomingmoreandmorepopularasatouristdestinationnowadays.8.WhatdoweknowaboutManchester?A.ItisabigcityinthesouthwestofEngland.B.Itisonlyknownforitsheavyindustry.C.Itisinterestingonlyifyoulikefootball.D.Itisaverypopularplacenow.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“...inrecentyearsManchesterhasbecomethe‘in’place.Itiswellknownforitsclubs,itsfashionanditsmusic,nottomentionitsworld-famousfootballteam,ManchesterUnited.”可知,曼徹斯特已經(jīng)變成時(shí)尚之都,以俱樂(lè)部、時(shí)裝、音樂(lè)等著名于世,還有世界著名的球隊(duì)——曼聯(lián)。故選D。答案:D9.IfyouareinterestedinManchester’shistory,you.

A.willseethe18thcenturybuildingsB.cangotoChinatownC.Don’thaveachoiceD.canvisittheEastlefield解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“AnotherplacetovisitisthehistoricalEastlefieldarea...Hereyoucanwalkaroundthemuseumsandexperiencetheatmosphereofthe19thcenturyManchester.”可知,Eastlefield與歷史有關(guān),假如你對(duì)歷史感愛(ài)好,可以去那里參觀。故選D。答案:D10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“its”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Europe’s. B.Tourism’s.C.Manchester’s. D.Industry’s.解析:指代題。Despiteitsunpopularindustrialimageinthepast是介詞短語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)是后面的Manchester。句意:盡管曼徹斯特以前是一個(gè)工業(yè)城市,但是曼徹斯特正變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)旅游目的地,而且越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選C。答案:CDTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandisoneofthemostdiversenationsinthewholeofEurope.ThisarticlewillshowyouhowtoadapttothevariedcultureofEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.Getusedtosmallspaces.TheUnitedStatesisnotonlyahugecountrybutalsohasbigcars,housesandspaces.11.Houses,apartments,carsandappliancesareallsmallerthanwhatyouareaccustomedto,soyouhavetogetusedtosmallerthings.Bepolite.Alwaysapologiseforrunningintosomeone,evenifitistheirfault,asitmakesyououttobeakindperson.Respectpeople’spersonalspaceandalwayswaitinline.Acceptjokes.12.Banteringandtakingthemickeyareallwaystodescribemakingfunofsomeonebutthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing.Teasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowfriendship.AsoneBritonputit,“Younevermakefunofsomeoneyoudon’tlike.”Getusedtothedriving.TheBritishdriveontheleftsideoftheroad.13.AlsothecarsintheUKhavethesteeringwheel(方向盤)ontherightside,soyouneedtogetusedtothisaswell.BeespeciallycarefulwithyourturnsandrememberthatrightturnsintheUKcrossoppositetrafficinthesamewaythatleftturnsdointheUSandothercountriesthatdriveontheright.14.TheBritishusedifferentwordsandpronouncewordsdifferently.LookaroundontheInternetorbuybooksaboutwordsandexpressionsusedinBritain.There’smoretotheUKthanLondon.LondonisanexcellentcityandthemostpopularintheUnitedKingdom.15.AndthegreencountrysideisadefiningfeatureoftheUK,whichissomethingthatshouldbeexplored.A.Getusedtothelifestyle.B.Getusedtothelanguage.C.Differentregionshavetheirowntraditionsandevenlanguages.D.Besurethatyoudoso,ortheresultcouldbeterrible.E.However,theUKdoesnothavetheluxuryofspace.F.Buttherearemanyothercitiesfilledwithcultureandwonder.G.OneofthemostconfusingaspectsofBritishcultureishumour.11.解析:依據(jù)本段句首“Getusedtosmallspaces.”和下文“Houses,apartments,carsandappliancesareallsmallerthanwhatyouareaccustomedto,soyouhavetogetusedtosmallerthings.”可知,本段主要講解并描述和美國(guó)相比,英國(guó)的“空間”沒(méi)有那么大——房子、公寓、汽車、家用電器等。故E項(xiàng)“然而,英國(guó)沒(méi)有奢侈的空間”符合題意。答案:E12.解析:依據(jù)本段句首“Acceptjokes.”和下文“butthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing.Teasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowfriendship.”可知,本段主要講解并描述英國(guó)人寵愛(ài)開(kāi)玩笑,雖然很多人不能理解他們的幽默,但這是他們表示友好的一種方式。故G項(xiàng)“令很多人困惑的英國(guó)文化之一就是它的幽默”。其中“humour”與“bantering”“takingthemickey”意思相近。答案:G13.解析:依據(jù)本段句首“Getusedtothedriving.”和下文“AlsothecarsintheUKhavethesteeringwheelontherightside”及“BeespeciallycarefulwithyourturnsandrememberthatrightturnsintheUK”可知,本段主要講解并描述在英國(guó)開(kāi)車是左邊行駛,這與美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家不同,所以在轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)要多加留意。故D項(xiàng)“確保你是這樣做的,否則后果會(huì)很嚴(yán)峻”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。答案:D14.解析:依據(jù)下文“TheBritishusedifferentwordsandpronouncewordsdifferently.”可知,本段是講英國(guó)的單詞和發(fā)音不同。故B項(xiàng)“習(xí)慣(它的)語(yǔ)言”作為本段主題句最為恰當(dāng)。答案:B15.解析:依據(jù)本段首句“There’smoretotheUKthanLondon.”和下文“AndthegreencountrysideisadefiningfeatureoftheUK”可知,英國(guó)并不是只有倫敦,綠色田園也是它(英國(guó))的關(guān)鍵特征。故F項(xiàng)“但是英國(guó)還有很多其他充溢文化和讓人驚羨的城市”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基礎(chǔ)測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Heofferedanewapproachimprovingthefunctionofthemachine.

2.Theimmunesystemisourmain(defend)againstdisease.

3.Shewasfacedwithanewjob,inunfamiliar(surround)withstrangepeople.

4.Ihaveneverexpectedthatmyhometownhassucha(fascinate)look,seenfromthesky.

Hewasadmittedtoafamousuniversityforhisoutstanding(achieve)inhighschool.

TheBeidouNavigationSystemcanexactlyleadyoutoany(locate)youwanttoreach.

7.Shelooked(puzzle)soIrepeatedthequestion.

8.Thereis(evident)thatBeijingManusedfiretocookfood.

9.Thelandbelongs(legal)tothegovernment.

10.We’dbettergoinagroup,not(individual).

答案:1.to2.defence3.surroundings4.fascinating5.achievements6.location7.puzzled8.evidence9.legally10.individuallyⅡ.用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空join...to...,breakawayfrom,belongto,referto...as...,aswellas,keepyoureyesopenfor1.Hetookawaytheumbrellatheboybesidehimbymistake.

2.Thevillagethetownbythenewroad.

3.anyopportunityaroundcanhelpyoufindajobsooner.

4.Electricenergycanbechangedintolightenergyintosoundenergy.

5.SeveralstatestheUnionandbecameindependent.

6.Englishauniversallanguage.

答案:1.belongingto2.isjoinedto3.Keepingyoureyesopenfor4.aswellas5.brokeawayfrom6.isreferredtoasⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空TheUKisalsocalledGreatBritain,BritainorEngland.Manypeople1.(confuse)bythesedifferentnames.Infact,theyare2.(shorten)namesfortheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Inthe16thcentury,Waleswasjoined3.theKingdomofEnglandandwithScotlandjoininginthe18thcentury,theKingdomofGreatBritaincameintobeing.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasadded4.(create)theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.However,thesouthernpartofIreland5.(break)awayfromtheUKinthefollowingcentury,andthusthenameofthecountrywaschangedintotheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,6.isstillinuse.

Thefourcountriesworktogethertosharethesameflag,currencyandmilitarydefence.Although7.(belong)totheUK,theyalsogoverntheircountriesindependentlyinsomeways,suchaseducationsystems,legalsystems,nationaldaysandevenfootballteams.

IntheUK,itiseasytocollect8.(evident)ofthefourgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimes.TheyaretheRomans,theAnglo-Saxons,theVikingsandtheNormans,ofwhomtheNormanshadcastles9.(build)allaroundEnglandandtheyhadmuchinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.

TheUKhasinterestinghistoryandculture,and10.(it)capitalLondonisthetypicalcitywhichiswellworthexploring.

答案:1.areconfused2.shortened3.to4.tocreate5.broke6.which7.belonging8.evidence9.built10.its[提升測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅳ.閱讀理解Hundredsofyearsago,aRomanarmymadewaronScotland.TheScots,abravepeople,lovetheircountry.TheyfoughthardtodrivetheenemyoutofScotland.ButthereweretoomanyoftheRomans.ItlookedasiftheRomanswouldwin.Onenight,theleaderoftheScotsmarchedhissoldierstothetopofahill.“Wewillrestheretonight,mymen,”hesaid.“Tomorrowwewillfightonemorebattle.Wemustwin,orwewilldie.”Theywereallverytired.Sotheyatetheirsupperquicklyandfellasleep.Therewerefourguardsonduty,buttheywereverytired,too,andonebyone,theyfellasleep.TheRomanswerenotasleep.Quicklytheygatheredatthefootofthehill.Slowlytheywentupthehill.ClosertheycametothesleepingScots.Theywerealmostatthetop.Afewminutesmorethewarwouldbeover.Suddenly,oneofthemputhisfootonathistle(薊).HecriedoutandhissuddencrywoketheScots.Inaminutetheywereontheirfeetandreadyforabattle.Thefightingwashard,butitdidnotlastlong.TheScotswipedouttheRomansandsavedScotland.Thethistleisnotabeautifulplant.Ithassharpneedlesalloverit.Fewpeoplelikedit.ButthepeopleofScotlandlikeditsomuchthattheymadeittheirnationalflower.1.WhatisthereactionofthesleepingScotsattheshoutofaRomansoldier?A.TheybegantofighttheRomanshard.B.Theystoodupwithoutshoesandbegantofight.C.Theywokeandroseimmediately,readytofight.D.Theyputonshoesatonceandwerereadytofight.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第四段“Inaminutetheywereontheirfeetandreadyforabattle.”可知,此處beonone’sfeet意為“站起來(lái)”,而不是光著腳的意思。故選C。答案:C2.What’stheresultofthewar?A.TheRomanskilledalltheScots.B.TheScotsweredefeated.C.TheScotsweredrivenoutofScotland.D.TheScotsdefeatedtheRomans.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文章第四段最終一句可知,此處wipeout意為“殲滅;清除”。故選D。答案:D3.WhydidtheScotsmakethethistletheirnationalflower?A.Itislovely,thoughnotbeautiful.B.Itgavethemhappiness.C.Itisakindofusefulplant.D.IthelpedtheScotsinwipingouttheRomans.解析:推理推斷題。從前四段可以推斷,是薊幫助了蘇格蘭人。故選D。答案:DⅤ.完形填空Ilivenearabay(海灣)inSydneyandIgoonabikeridealmosteveryday.Iseelotsofpeopleridingtheirbikesandothersjust1andenjoyingtheview.OnSundays,therearemorepeoplearoundthebay.I2ridingmybikethensothatIcangiveasmanysmilesaspossible.

Today,onmywaybackhome,I3abeautifullittlegirlwalkingwithhermomholdingaboxofherthings.Itwassogreattoseehow4theywere.IkeptridingmybikeandIfoundashinynecklaceontheground.Ididn’tdoanythingatfirst,5thenIthoughtmaybeitbelongedtothelittlegirl.Iturnedaroundtopickupthenecklace.Luckily,itwasstillthere,butforasecondIthoughtthatmaybeitdidnotbelongtoher.I6togoandaskthembeforepickingitup.

Iturnedaroundagain,andtriedtofindthewomanandherlovelygirl.Ieasilyfoundthemandnoticedthattheywere7somethingmissinginthebox.Istoppedandasked,“Didshe8hernecklace?”“Yes,”hermomreplied.“Isawit.I’llgetit,