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專題40【口袋書】2024年高考完形填空滿分對策解析版目錄導(dǎo)航高考完形填空命題規(guī)律探究1高考完形填空解題思維導(dǎo)圖2高考完形填空解題技法歸納2高考完形填空詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)歸納3一、原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3二、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3三、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)4四、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)4五、上下詞復(fù)現(xiàn)4高考完形填空邏輯關(guān)系歸納5一、對立關(guān)系5二、并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系5三、目的和因果關(guān)系6四、條件關(guān)系6五、時(shí)間關(guān)系6六、層次和順序關(guān)系6七、例證關(guān)系7高考完形填空真題再練72023?新高考I卷72023?新高考II卷102023?浙江1月卷122023?全國甲卷142023?全國乙卷172022?全國乙卷21高考完形填空仿真演練232023?秋重慶高三巴蜀中學(xué)???32023?秋廣東河源高三統(tǒng)考開學(xué)考試252023?四川成都統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測282023?河南新鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)考二模31高考完形填空命題規(guī)律探究完形填空是全國各地高考英語必考題型之一,它要求考生能夠讀懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意,根據(jù)已學(xué)知識,在整體理解的基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)出未知內(nèi)容。它具有主觀性測試和客觀性測試的雙重優(yōu)點(diǎn)。它既可以在語篇中考查考生英語基礎(chǔ)知識,即詞匯、語法知識,又可考查考生運(yùn)用語言知識的能力,如詞語搭配、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析、語言交際、文化背景和社會風(fēng)俗等。同時(shí)它還要求考生必須具備良好的把握上下文行文邏輯和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。1.高考完形填空題的文章選材廣泛,注重原汁原味,內(nèi)容著重體現(xiàn)新課標(biāo)所要求的“關(guān)注學(xué)生情感,提高人文素養(yǎng)”這一人文理念。文章體裁以記敘文為主。2.文章長度250詞左右,一般設(shè)空20個(gè),設(shè)空平均間距為10個(gè)詞左右。首句不設(shè)空。3.考查以語篇內(nèi)容理解為主,注重對文章語境的理解和把握。題型按語境進(jìn)行分類,可分為句內(nèi)層次題、句組層次題和語篇層次題。語法考查很少見。4.選項(xiàng)以考查實(shí)詞為主,如名詞、動詞、形容詞等;虛詞為輔,如介詞、連詞等。高考完形填空解題思維導(dǎo)圖高考完形填空解題技法歸納解題要領(lǐng)內(nèi)容解讀抓住文章中心中心思想有助于明確做題方向,提高針對性。文章題目揭示中心思想;如無題目,抓文章開頭結(jié)尾,尤其是議論抒情的語句,也可抓住文章的中心。明確敘述角度在做題時(shí)考生可采用“角色滲透法”,這樣有助于走進(jìn)作者的思維,深入理解文章的含義。理清寫作順序記敘文的寫作順序有:順敘、倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘、分?jǐn)?,理清寫作順序有助于了解事情發(fā)展的來龍去脈,從而更迅速、準(zhǔn)確地理解文意。明確寫作要素弄清記敘文的6要素(5W1H),即時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、結(jié)果(how),抓住這些寫作要素,就基本上抓住了文章的主體。洞悉寫作目的寫作目的是借助敘事、寫人或?qū)懢皝黻U明一個(gè)道理,給人以啟迪或教益。高考完形填空詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)歸納一、原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)1.【2022?全國甲】WhenIfirstdatedSteve,Ilearnedhehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwasthrilledthathewasananimallover,Iworriedthatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack46thecat.46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly【解析】46.A。雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動物愛好者,但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了,我的狗可能會攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。根據(jù)上文的“hehadadog,Molly,andacar,Flora(他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知,此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora。故選A。提醒:Flora—Flora原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)2.【2022·新高考I卷】Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofourmemoriesarefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we22alongChalkCreek.22.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled【解析】22.A??疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:有一次,我們沿著白堊溪露營。A.camped露營;B.drove開車;C.walked散步;D.cycled騎自行車。根據(jù)上文“Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.”可知,此處指作者與家人一起在溪邊露營。故選A。提醒:camping---camped原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)二、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3.【2018·全國卷】Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay“sorry,41(wrong)number!”andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams42atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething43(special).42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed【解析】42.A。根據(jù)文章第一句Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson可以推知,他接到了電話。A.received收到;B.translated翻譯;C.copied復(fù)制;D.printed印刷。本題可以利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。第42空是上文“get”的同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選A。提醒:get—received是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)4.【2021·天津】He23(offered)tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepairagain24.24.A.byaccident B.inadvanceC.forfreeD.oncredit【解析】24.C。byaccident偶然;inadvance提前;forfree免費(fèi);oncredit賒賬。上文提到他主動提出為有需要的人免費(fèi)修自行車,根據(jù)空前的again及語境可知,此處指他會再次免費(fèi)修廢棄的自行車。故選C。提醒:freeofcharge與forfree是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。三、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)5.【2017·全國I卷】Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis41processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy42(experience)atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手語).41.A.searching
B.planning C.natural
D.formal【解析】41.A。根據(jù)首句提供的相關(guān)信息:highschool與college,以及“notgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplore”與“setsthestageforthatexploration”分析判斷,“我”親身經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)探索過程,發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)讓“我”的大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷更加美好的東西:美式手語。故是searchingprocess(探索過程),與前文的exploration吻合。本題可以利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。第41空是上文“explore”的近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選A。6.【2022·新高考I卷】Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenweheadedoff,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequicklyinterruptedourpeacefulmorningtrip.The29pickedupandthunderrolled.29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed【解析】29.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:狂風(fēng)大作,雷聲隆隆。A.wind風(fēng);B.noise噪音;C.temperature溫度;D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知,此處指大風(fēng)刮了起來。故選A。提醒:storms—wind近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)四、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)7.【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingaporeItmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive42(vacation),butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel43.43.A.safe B.busyC.helpful D.affordable【解析】43.D。safe安全的;busy繁忙的;helpful有幫助的;affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的。由but可知,此處與上文中的expensive(昂貴的)構(gòu)成反義關(guān)系,也就是“便宜的”或“負(fù)擔(dān)得起的”。故選D。8.【2019·全國Ⅱ卷】Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers’face.49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety【解析】49.B。設(shè)空處下一句ItjuststartedlickingEhlersface.(小狗開始舔Ehlers的臉)說明小狗見到Ehlers很高興與之前的緊張和害怕形成對比。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,此處指小狗的緊張和害怕被高興(joy)所取代了。故選B。提醒:Nervousnessandfear—joy是反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)五、上下詞復(fù)現(xiàn)9.【2020·全國Ⅰ】Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow...Onedaythey’ll47(wakeup)anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48(lie).Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50(consequences).Ihaveaverystrong51(fear)thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52(spiritual)damagetoourchildren.49.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers【解析】49.A。句意:我想知道父母是否應(yīng)該說出真相,無論結(jié)果如何。parents父母twins雙胞胎colleagues同事teachers老師。根據(jù)下文toourchildren,可知這里意思是作者想知道父母是否應(yīng)該說出真相。根據(jù)上文中提到的ourtwins,thekids以及下文中的ourchildren可知,此處是指父母(parents)。故選A。提醒:ourtwins,thekids以及下文中的ourchildren與下文parents是總括與分述的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)10.【2022·全國乙卷】Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47(child)satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould49(see)orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.48.A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears【解析】48.A。foot腳;nose鼻子;hand手;ear耳朵。根據(jù)下文“orheartheadult”可知,實(shí)驗(yàn)中,兒童被詢問是否能聽到成年人的聲音,所以此處表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此處ears與下文中的hear是上下詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。提醒:ears與下文中的hear是上下詞復(fù)現(xiàn)高考完形填空邏輯關(guān)系歸納完形填空中主要考查七大邏輯關(guān)系:對立關(guān)系、并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、目的和因果關(guān)系、條件關(guān)系、時(shí)間關(guān)系、層次和順序關(guān)系、例證關(guān)系。一、對立關(guān)系對立關(guān)系包括讓步、對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,常見的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:but,however,yet(然而,但是),onthecontrary(相反),bycontrast(相比之下),unfortunately,although,eventhough,while,nevertheless(然而,不過),whereas(然而,反之),inspiteof(盡管),regardlessof(不管,不顧),anyhow,afterall(畢竟),insteadof(而不是),ratherthan(而不是),not...but,otherwise(否則),orelse,totheopposite(對立面),comparedwith等。真題體驗(yàn)1(2022·全國乙卷)Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas44(interrepted)asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45(surprising)researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology46thatidea.46.A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested【答案】C【解析】句意:但我們在兒童發(fā)展心理學(xué)方面令人驚訝的研究結(jié)果與這一觀點(diǎn)相矛盾。A.explained解釋;B.confirmed證實(shí);C.contradicted相矛盾;D.tested測試。根據(jù)下文“Our19suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod_40_whenothersuseit.”可知,研究結(jié)果與之前的觀點(diǎn)是相矛盾的。真題體驗(yàn)2(2020·天津)Hehasrecentlymadeasignificant16(discovery)—lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes,butitcanbe17inacleverway.The18(solution)Chatbenches.17.A.experiencedB.sufferedC.prevented D.felt【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)空格前的but與空格后的inacleverway及“Chatbenches.”可知,雖然孤獨(dú)會導(dǎo)致很多問題,但可以通過長椅聊天的方式來預(yù)防(prevent)。二、并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系并列和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:and,or,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,similarly等。真題體驗(yàn)3(2022·全國甲卷)Ayearlater,muchtomy58,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI59himto.That’sonlyforgiving60tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.【答案】C【解析】句意:他沒有跪下,我也不需要他跪下。A.beg乞求;B.trust信任;C.need需要;D.aid幫助。由上文的“Hedidnotkneel(跪)down(他沒有跪下)”和常識可知,一般求婚是要下跪的,但史蒂夫沒有下跪,作者對此并不在意,因?yàn)樽髡卟恍枰鹿?。故選C。真題體驗(yàn)4(2019·北京)Thestudentswhohe’s15(driven)havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhatthey’vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents16callhim“Grandpa”.16.A.even B.everC.once D.already【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)語境,此處表示這些大學(xué)生視威爾遜為楷模和朋友,甚至(even)親切地叫他“爺爺”。三、目的和因果關(guān)系目的和因果關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:because,for,since,as,thus(因此),hence(因此),therefore,so,so...that,such...that,inorderthat,consequently(因此),accordingly,dueto,thanksto,onaccountof(由于,因?yàn)?,becauseof,seeingthat(由于,因?yàn)?,inthat(因?yàn)?,nowthat,asaresult,forthisreason等。真題體驗(yàn)5(2017·全國Ⅲ)Thetickethadastrictno-transfer(不可轉(zhuǎn)讓)45(policy),butsincepassportinformationwasnotrequiredwhen46(booking),anyCanadianElizabethGallaghercan47it.47.A.useB.borrowC.choose D.buy【答案】A【解析】因?yàn)榍懊嫣岬筋A(yù)訂的時(shí)候并不需要提供護(hù)照信息,所以任何叫ElizabethGallagher的加拿大人都可以用(use)這張票。borrow借入;choose選擇;buy購買。四、條件關(guān)系條件關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:if,unless,whether,supposing,onconditionthat,providedthat,dependingon等。經(jīng)典體驗(yàn)6(2019·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江一模)Asyoumarkoffanother“EarthDay”inyourcalendars,contentthatforatleast24hoursIremainedinyourthoughts,IwantedtoremindyouthatIamfrightenedthat1Ican’tsoonreceivetheappropriatemedicineandcareIneed,myillnesswillbecometerminalbeyondallcures.1.A.when B.thoughC.if D.unless【答案】C【解析】句意為:我擔(dān)心如果我的疾病得不到恰當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)療和我所需要的照料,我的疾病就是致命的。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。五、時(shí)間關(guān)系時(shí)間關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:before,since,as,until,meanwhile,atthemoment,when,whenever,assoonas等。真題體驗(yàn)7(2020·江蘇)Forhim,itwasonethingto49(accept)hisownfateofbeingblindandquiteanothertoallowsomethingtocontinue50itcouldbefixedsoeasily.Thismovedhimtoaction.50.A.until B.whenC.unless D.before【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)下文“Thismovedhimtoaction.”可知,對他來說在可以如此容易解決的情況下,讓事情繼續(xù)下去完全是另一回事。when“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,符合此處語境。六、層次和順序關(guān)系層次和順序關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:besides,finally,first,firstly,further,eventually,inthefirstplace,last,next,second,secondly,third,thirdly,tobeginwith,tostartwith,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand等。真題體驗(yàn)8(2018·江蘇)49,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad50.lostforever.49.A.Initially B.EventuallyC.TemporarilyD.Consequently【答案】B【解析】最后(eventually),夫妻倆發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的身體都有所好轉(zhuǎn)。initially最初;temporarily臨時(shí)地;consequently因此,所以。七、例證關(guān)系例證關(guān)系常用的標(biāo)志詞和短語有:allinall,altogether,inbrief,insum,inconclusion,inshort,insummary,onthewhole,tosumup,tosummarize,asaproof,asanexample,forexample,forinstance,inparticular,justas,namely,suchas,thatis,asto,say等。經(jīng)典體驗(yàn)9“Ihopethismethodwouldbeputintopracticeinthenearfuture,1inthenext10years,”hesays.1.A.imagine B.sayC.suppose D.consider【答案】B【解析】say在此處用作舉例,意為“譬如,比方說”。故選B項(xiàng)高考完形填空真題再練【2023?新高考I卷】OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave21thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her22camebecauseshewascarryinga23acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher24whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She25tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith26.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen27toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget28attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas29andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme30tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore31aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig32.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t33her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe34,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe35ofhumankindnesswontheday.21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished22.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse23.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor24.A.race B.school C.town D.training25.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised26.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice27.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside D.bentdown28.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal29.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated30.A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness31.A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged32.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal33.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand34.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show35.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文,主要講的是在明尼蘇達(dá)州舉行的一次越野賽中,MelanieBailey背著另一個(gè)參賽者DanielleLenoue過終點(diǎn)線并接受醫(yī)療檢查的善行義舉。21.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:MelanieBailey應(yīng)該更早完成比賽。A.designed設(shè)計(jì);B.followed跟隨;C.changed改變;D.finished完成。根據(jù)下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____28____attention”可知,Bailey在比賽中背一名參賽者,所以完成比賽晚了,因此句子表示“MelanieBailey應(yīng)該更早完成比賽”。故選D。22.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她的延遲是因?yàn)樗持幻偁帉κ譀_過終點(diǎn)線。A.delay延誤;B.chance機(jī)會;C.trouble麻煩;D.excuse借口。根據(jù)上文“MelanieBaileyshouldhave____21____thecourseearlierthanshedid”和上一題的解析可知,MelanieBailey應(yīng)該更早完成比賽,她的延遲是因?yàn)樗持幻偁帉κ譀_過終點(diǎn)線。故選A。23.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她的延遲是因?yàn)樗持幻麉①愓邲_過終點(diǎn)線。A.judge裁判;B.volunteer志愿者;C.classmate同學(xué);D.competitor參賽者。根據(jù)第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知,她是背著一名參賽者沖過終點(diǎn)線。故選D。24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉?bào)紙報(bào)道,當(dāng)Bailey跑到比賽的三分之二多的時(shí)候,她前面的一名選手開始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比賽;B.school學(xué)校;C.town城鎮(zhèn);D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知,此處是說“當(dāng)Bailey跑到比賽的三分之二多的時(shí)候”。故選A。25,考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:她停下來幫助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意;B.returned回來;C.stopped停止;D.promised答應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知,她停下來幫助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故選C。26,考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Bailey扶著她的胳膊,看看她能否幫助下向前走。A.courage勇氣;B.aid幫助;C.patience耐心;D.advice建議。根據(jù)上文“Baileytookherarm”可知,此處表示看她是否能在她的幫助下向前走。故選B。27.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:然后Bailey彎下腰,讓Lenoue爬到她的背上,一路背著她走到終點(diǎn)線,然后又走了300英尺,到Lenoue接受治療的地方。A.wentaway離開;B.stoodup站起來;C.steppedaside讓路;D.bentdown彎腰。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)etLenoueclimbontoherback”可知,Bailey彎下腰,讓勒諾爬到她的背上。故選D。28.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:然后Bailey彎下腰,讓Lenoue爬到她的背上,一路背著她走到終點(diǎn)線,然后又走了300英尺,到Lenoue接受治療的地方。A.medical醫(yī)療的;B.public公眾的;C.constant持續(xù)不斷的;D.equal平等的。根據(jù)上文“begancryinginpain”可知,DanielleLenoue很疼,所以是要接受治療,medicalattention意為“醫(yī)療救助”。故選A。29.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:Lenoue在那里接受了檢查,后來被送往醫(yī)院,在那里她得知自己的一個(gè)膝蓋受了重傷。A.interrupted打斷;B.assessed評估;C.identified識別;D.appreciated感激。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)atertakentoahospital”可知,她是先接受了檢查,再被送往醫(yī)院,也就是先接受評估。故選B。30.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:如果沒有Bailey的幫助,她可能會在極度的痛苦中掙扎著到達(dá)那個(gè)援助檢查站。A.hunger饑餓;B.pain疼痛;C.cold感冒;D.tiredness疲勞。根據(jù)第5空前的“begancryinginpain”可知,此處表示“如果沒有Bailey的幫助,她可能會在極度的痛苦中掙扎著到達(dá)那個(gè)援助檢查站”。故選B。31.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:至于Bailey,她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.worried擔(dān)心的;B.ashamed慚愧的;C.confused困惑的;D.discouraged泄氣的。根據(jù)下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知,Bailey覺得自己只是做了正確的事情,所以她對她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事感到困惑。故選C。32.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:至于Bailey,她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.game游戲;B.problem問題;C.lesson課;D.deal交易,局面。根據(jù)下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知,Bailey覺得自己只是做了正確的事情,所以她對她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事感到困惑,abigdeal意為“非常重要的事”。故選D。33.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我不能離開她。A.leave離開;B.cure治愈;C.bother打擾;D.understand理解。根據(jù)上文“Shewasjustcrying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上,一路背著她走到終點(diǎn)線,然后又走了300英尺??芍?,Bailey看見Lenoue哭喊,所以覺得不能離開她。故選A。34.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然這兩個(gè)年輕女子在那場體育比賽之前是陌生人,但后來她們成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程;B.test測試;C.meet體育比賽;D.show展示。根據(jù)第一段“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”及空前的“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知,當(dāng)時(shí)是一場比賽,句子表示“這兩個(gè)年輕女子在那場體育比賽之前是陌生人”。故選C。35.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:兩人都沒有贏得比賽,但展示出的人類善良贏得了勝利。A.secret秘密;B.display展示;C.benefit利益;D.exchange交換。根據(jù)第二段的“l(fā)etLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____28____attention”可知,Bailey背著一個(gè)參賽者過終點(diǎn),并背她去接受檢查,這展示了人類的善良,故選B?!?023?新高考II卷】InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyinTopeka.TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight21.Theycouldnotaffordtopayfor22fortheirdog,Tiffy,and23wantedtotakeherwiththem.Itjust24thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who25totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato26Tiffy.WhenImetTiffy’sowners,theyseemedvery27.George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas28forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa29andtrustthateverythingwould30.Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme31Tiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand32themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.Theflightwas33,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she34withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso35andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.21.A.turn B.budget C.schedule D.connection22.A.food B.shelter C.medicine D.transportation23.A.desperately B.temporarily C.secretly D.originally24.A.appeared B.proved C.happened D.showed25.A.waited B.offered C.hurried D.failed26.A.seeoff B.lookfor C.handover D.pickup27.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious28.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky29.A.coworker B.passenger C.stranger D.neighbor30.A.speedup B.workout C.comeback D.takeoff31.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load32.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve33.A.unnecessary B.unexpected C.unavoidable D.uneventful34.A.returned B.fought C.flew D.agreed35.A.thankful B.generous C.proud D.sympathetic【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過PilotsNPaws網(wǎng)站幫助一家搬家的人將他們的狗接到另一個(gè)城市的過程。作者和另一位飛行員一起完成了這次任務(wù),最終成功將這只狗帶回到了它的主人身邊。21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他們不得不搬到弗吉尼亞,但他們的預(yù)算非常緊張。A.turn轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn);B.budget預(yù)算;C.schedule時(shí)間表;D.connection聯(lián)系。根據(jù)“Theycouldnotaffordtopayfor___22___fortheirdog,Tiffy,”可知,這個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算非常緊張。故選B。22.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他們付不起他們的狗Tiffy的交通費(fèi),又非常想帶她一起走。A.food食物;B.shelter庇護(hù);C.medicine藥;D.transportation交通。根據(jù)“TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight___21___.”及下文可知,這個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算非常緊張,所以付不起他們的狗Tiffy的交通費(fèi)。故選D。23.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:他們付不起他們的狗Tiffy的交通費(fèi),又非常想帶她一起走。A.desperately非常、拼命地;B.temporarily暫時(shí)地;C.secretly秘密地;D.originally起初。根據(jù)“wantedtotakeherwiththem.”可知,這家人非常想把狗一起帶走。故選A。24.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飛行員Karen正在計(jì)劃另一次PNP飛行,他主動提出要把Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞。A.appeared出現(xiàn);B.proved證明;C.happened碰巧;D.showed展示。根據(jù)“IwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,”可知,碰巧是作者和另一名飛行員正在計(jì)劃另一次PNP飛行。故選C。25.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飛行員Karen正在計(jì)劃另一次PNP飛行,他主動提出要把Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞。A.waited等待;B.offered提供、主動提出;C.hurried匆忙;D.failed失敗。根據(jù)“totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知,Karen主動提出幫忙把狗Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞。故選B。26.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:我要做的就是飛到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.seeoff為……送行;B.lookfor尋找;C.handover移交;D.pickup接載。根據(jù)“WhatIwastodowasflytoTopeka”和常識可知,作者需要飛到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故選D。27.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我見到Tiffy的主人時(shí),他們看起來很緊張。A.confused困惑的;B.nervous緊張的;C.annoyed惱怒的;D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa___29___andtrustthateverythingwould___10___.”可知,這家人看起來有點(diǎn)緊張和不安。故選B。28.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:丈夫George試著冷靜下來,但我看得出來,這對他來說很難,他不得不把狗留給一個(gè)陌生人,并相信一切都會解決的。A.hard困難的;B.fine好的;C.common常見的;D.lucky幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)上文“wastryingtobecalm”以及下文“havingtoleavehisdogtoa___29___andtrustthateverythingwould___10___.”可推知,此處指把狗留給一個(gè)陌生人對主人來說很難。故選A。29.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:丈夫George試著冷靜下來,但我看得出來,這對他來說很難,他不得不把狗留給一個(gè)陌生人,并相信一切都會解決的。A.coworker合作者;B.passenger乘客;C.stranger陌生人;D.neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,”可知,要把狗留給一個(gè)陌生人。故選C。30.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:丈夫George試著冷靜下來,但我看得出來,這對他來說很難,他不得不把狗留給一個(gè)陌生人,并相信一切都會解決的。A.speedup加速;B.workout解決;C.comeback回來;D.takeoff起飛。根據(jù)“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,”可知,讓狗的主人George相信一個(gè)陌生人一切都會解決好,對他來說很難。故選B。31.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:道別之后,我讓George和他的妻子幫我把Tiffy送上飛機(jī)。A.feed喂養(yǎng);B.follow跟隨;C.change改變;D.load裝載。loadinto裝入。根據(jù)“Tiffyintotheplane.”可知,作者讓George和他的妻子幫忙把Tiffy裝入飛機(jī)。故選D。32.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我答應(yīng)過會照顧好Tiffy,一到堪薩斯城就給他們打電話。A.call打電話;B.join加入;C.leave離開;D.serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)“assoonaswegottoKansasCity.”可知,作者承諾一到堪薩斯城就給他們打電話。故選A。33.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這次飛行平安無事,Tiffy是個(gè)很棒的乘客。A.unnecessary沒有必要的;B.unexpected意想不到的;C.unavoidable不可避免的;D.uneventful太平無事的。根據(jù)“andTiffywasagreatpassenger.”可知,這次飛行一切都平安無事。故選D。34.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:第二天,她和Karen一起坐飛機(jī),幾天后就回到了弗吉尼亞州的George那里。A.returned返回;B.fought打仗;C.flew飛;D.agreed同意。根據(jù)“Itjust___4___thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who___5___totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知,Karen帶狗Tiffy飛往弗吉尼亞州。故選C。35.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他非常感激,給我發(fā)了一封很漂亮的電子郵件,并附上了照片。A.thankful感激的;B.generous慷慨的;C.proud驕傲的;D.sympathetic同情的。通讀全文,再根據(jù)“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.”可推知,此處指對于作者的幫忙,George非常感激。故選A?!?023?浙江1月卷】ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe____42____.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____.I____44____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He____45____handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and____46____thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan____47____.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.____49____,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,he_____50_____towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’d_____51_____thetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastoo_____52_____tocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed_____53_____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).Theadultbeeswere_____54_____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortheright_____55_____togobackup.41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately50.A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched51.A.cutoff B.goneup C.sliddown D.heldonto52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.A46.B47.D48.C49.A50.D51.C52.B53.A54.D55.A【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者跟隨埃塞俄比亞堅(jiān)持傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)蜂技藝的Ziyad,進(jìn)行的一次獨(dú)特的采蜜經(jīng)歷。41.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我此行是見證一次獨(dú)特的采蜜行動。A.share分享;B.collect收集;C.celebrate慶祝;D.witness見證;目睹。根據(jù)下文“I____41____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.”可知,作者是跟隨經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的養(yǎng)蜂人Ziyad見證埃塞俄比亞傳統(tǒng)的采蜜方式。故選D項(xiàng)。42.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在埃塞俄比亞東南部,手工制作的蜂箱被放在樹頂。A.courtyards庭院;B.fields田野;領(lǐng)域;C.treetops樹頂;D.caves洞穴。根據(jù)下文“higherupthetreetrunk.”可知,手工制作的蜂箱是放在樹頂高處。故選C項(xiàng)。43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:靠近樹頂?shù)姆湎洳擅凼呛芾щy的,而且相當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)。A.urgent緊急的;B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的;C.expensive昂貴的;D.pointless毫無意義的。根據(jù)“Theadultbeeswere____44____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.”可知,采摘蜂蜜可能會招致蜂群持續(xù)不斷的攻擊,這是很危險(xiǎn)的。故選B項(xiàng)。44.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我跟隨著養(yǎng)蜂人走過一片廣闊的草地,進(jìn)入茂密的叢林。A.searched搜索;B.recognised認(rèn)出;C.followed跟隨;D.invited邀請。根據(jù)前文“Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.”可知,作者此行是為了跟隨經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的養(yǎng)蜂人,近距離觀察Ziyad如何采蜜。故選C項(xiàng)。45.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他采集了幾捧潮濕的樹葉,用細(xì)繩把它們包裹起來,最后點(diǎn)燃這捆樹葉當(dāng)火把。A.gathered聚集、采集;B.cleaned清除;C.dropped掉落;D.checked檢查。根據(jù)下文“handfulsofdamptreeleaves”可知,此處指Ziyad從叢林各處,收集一些潮濕的樹葉。故選A項(xiàng)。46.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他采集了幾捧潮濕的樹葉,用線把它們包裹起來,最后點(diǎn)燃這捆樹葉當(dāng)火把。A.shook搖晃;B.lit點(diǎn)燃;點(diǎn)亮;C.measured測量;D.decorated裝飾。根據(jù)后文“tocreateatorch”可知,此空格處指點(diǎn)燃用細(xì)繩捆扎的樹葉當(dāng)火把。故選B項(xiàng)。47.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:然后,將繩子的一頭拴在腰間,另一頭則纏繞在一棵大樹的樹干上。然后Ziyad開始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳;B.talking談話;C.testing測試;D.climbing攀爬。根據(jù)“higherupthetreetrunk”可知,Ziyad要向上爬到樹頂,才能采集到蜂蜜。故選D項(xiàng)。48.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他每過一會兒就停下調(diào)整繩索位置,繼續(xù)向上攀爬。A.hives蜂房;B.leaves樹葉;C.rope繩索;D.honey蜂蜜。根據(jù)“Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,”可知,Ziyad是通過不斷調(diào)整繩索的位置,保證自己安全靈活地向上攀爬。故選C項(xiàng)。49.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:Ziyad最終到達(dá)了蜂巢。那兒距
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