湖南天壹名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月大聯(lián)考英語試題

天壹名校聯(lián)盟·2024屆高三9月大聯(lián)考英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)的答案標號涂黑，如有改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案;回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillthemandothisSundayafternoon?A.Preparefortheexam.B.Takeabreakathome.C.Gototheconcert.2.Whoislikelytobethepresidentofthepany?A.Kevin.B.Sam.C.Mark.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atasupermarket.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbrownsuits?A.Boring.B.Formal.C.Fashionable,第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:15.B.8:45.C.9:15.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutfoodsattheairport?A.Theytastegood.B.They’reexpensive.C.Therearemanychoices.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisatrainer.B.Sheisadoctor.C.Sheisashopassistant.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Changehisglasses.B.Growsomeplants.C.Resthiseyes.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman’sidea?A.Concerned.B.Indifferent.C.Opposed.11.Whenwasthelasttimethemanplayedbasketball?A.Onemonthago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.25yearsago.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Runregularly.B.Goonadiet.C.Checkhishealthcondition.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtokeephealthy.B.Howtostartexercising.C.Howtoprepareforagame.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatshouldbeincludedintheapartment?A.Akitchen.B.Abathroom.C.Adiningroom.15.Whydoesthewomangiveupthefirstapartment?A.Itisverynoisy.B.Itistoofar.C.Itcoststoomuch.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Providemorechoices.B.Givethecontactinformation.C.Takethewomantoanagency.17.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowstudents.B.Agentandclient.C.Houseownerandguest.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydoesthespeakersavemoney?A.Forretirement.B.Fortheloan.C.Foremergencies.19.Howmanyaccountsdoesthespeakerhave?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.20.Whatdoesthespeaker’sbadluckreferto?A.Acarproblem.B.Ahealthproblem.C.Asalaryproblem.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AInsouthwesternFrance’ssunny“pinkcity”—Toulouse,thecuisineisbothrichandtasty.Here,wesingleoutthreemusttastesofToulouse.ToulousesausageSignupforJessica’sbrilliantTasteofToulousetoursandyou’llgettoeatyourwayaroundthecity’sbestfoodmarket,MarchéVictorHugo.OneofthestandstodashdirectlytoisMaisonGarcia,whichspecializesinsaucissedeToulouse,thecity’sfamousblackpeppery(胡椒味的)sausagesoldinalargespiralandidealforgrillingorbarbecuing.Youcanalsotryorbuythedriedversion,saucissesèche,whichiswonderfulforpicnics.CassouletIfthere’sonedisheverymeatlovermusttrywhenvisitingthissouthwesterncornerofFrance,it’stheregion’ssignaturedish.MadewithToulousesausage,whitebeans,porkrindandtrotter,confitduckandlocalgarlic,Cassouletgetsitsnamefromthecassoleclaypotinwhichit’scooked.Whilethisdishiscenturiesold,ToulousehasonlyrecentlyformeditsownBrotherhoodoftheToulouseCassoulet,whichwillpromoteit,alongsidetheothertwocities—CarcassonneandCastelnaudary—whoalsoclaimitastheirsignaturedish.InToulouse,chefsaddlambtomakeittheirown,buteachhastheirpreferredmethod.VioletsToulousemaybeknownasthepinkcity,butitssignatureflavourisviolet.Theflowersbecameapopularcropinthecityinthe19thcenturyastheythrivedinwinter.Whilecheaperversionstastesoapy,thebestqualityvioletflavourlendsagentleperfume(香味，香水)toicecream,macarons(馬卡龍),andsomeFrenchcakes.AfragrantportisLaMaisondelaViolette,whichissetinasmallboatmoored(停泊)onthesideoftheCanalduMidiincentralToulouseandoffersaselectionofdeliciousviolettreats,fromcrystallizedpetalstotastyvioletshellchocolatealmonds.1.WhichisToulousesausageNOTidealforaccordingtothepassage?A.Picnics. B.Violettreats. C.Barbecuing. D.Cassoulet.2.WhatdoToulouse,CarcassonneandCastelnaudaryhaveinmon?A.ChefsthereaddlambtoCassoulet.B.TheyclaimCassouletastheirsignaturedish.C.TheyarelocatedinthesouthwesternofFrance.D.Chefstheremakefamousblackpepperysausage.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheLaMaisondeLaViolette?A.TakingaboattourinToulouse. B.Wearingvioletflavorperfumes.C.LearningtheoriginofToulouse. D.Enjoyingvarioustastyvioletfoods.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是在Toulouse必嘗的三種東西。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由Toulousesausage部分的“OneofthestandstodashdirectlytoisMaisonGarcia,whichspecializesinsaucissedeToulouse,thecity’sfamousblackpeppery(胡椒味的)sausagesoldinalargespiralandidealforgrillingorbarbecuing.Youcanalsotryorbuythedriedversion,saucissesèche,whichiswonderfulforpicnics.(可以直接沖過去的一個攤位是MaisonGarcia，它專營圖盧茲香腸(saucissedeToulouse)，這是該市著名的黑胡椒香腸，呈大螺旋狀出售，非常適合燒烤。你也可以嘗試或購買干的satische，這是野餐的絕佳選擇)”和Cassoulet部分的“MadewithToulousesausage,whitebeans,porkrindandtrotter,confitduckandlocalgarlic,Cassouletgetsitsnamefromthecassoleclaypotinwhichit’scooked.(由圖盧茲香腸、白豆、豬皮和豬蹄、油鍋鴨和當(dāng)?shù)卮笏庵瞥傻腃assoulet因其在砂鍋中烹飪而得名)”可知，Toulousesausage可以用于燒烤、野餐或者制作燉鍋菜。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cassoulet部分的“Whilethisdishiscenturiesold,ToulousehasonlyrecentlyformeditsownBrotherhoodoftheToulouseCassoulet,whichwillpromoteit,alongsidetheothertwocities—CarcassonneandCastelnaudary—whoalsoclaimitastheirsignaturedish.(雖然這道菜已經(jīng)有幾百年的歷史了，但圖盧茲直到最近才成立了自己的BrotherhoodofToulouseCassoulet，該組織將推廣這道菜，另外兩個城市——Carcassonne和Castelnaudary——也聲稱這道菜是他們的招牌菜)”可知，這三座城市都聲稱Cassoulet是他們的招牌菜，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“AfragrantportisLaMaisondelaViolette,whichissetinasmallboatmoored(停泊)onthesideoftheCanalduMidiincentralToulouseandoffersaselectionofdeliciousviolettreats,fromcrystallizedpetalstotastyvioletshellchocolatealmonds.(LaMaisondeLaViolette是一家芬芳的餐廳，它坐落于Toulouse市中心CanalduMidi岸邊的一艘小船上，提供各種美味的紫羅蘭美食，從結(jié)晶花瓣到美味的紫羅蘭殼巧克力杏仁)”可知，游客可以在LaMaisondeLaViolette享受各種美味的紫羅蘭食物。故選D。BJessieisonamissiontochangewellnessinNewZealandforever.Thatsoundslikeanobleambition,butit’soneingfromamitmentstartedbyadversity(逆境).Jessiewasonly30whensheheardthenewsnooneatanyagewantstohear.“Iwashappilymarried,sixmonthspregnant(懷孕的)andexcitedaboutmyfuture.Theneverythingchangedinaninstant.Thedoctorshaddiscoveredatumourbiggerthanmybaby’sheadaroundmyuterus(子宮).”Jessiehademergencysurgerytosaveherbabyandremovethetumour.Shethenhadtoundergomonthsofdebilitating(令人虛弱的)treatment.Butthesurgerywasjustthebeginningofthejourney.Chemotherapy(化療)doesn’tbuildpeopleup;itbreaksthemdown.Inmanyways,thehardestandlongestpartofthejourneyiswhatesafterthetherapystops—alongroadbacktowellness.“Icamefromamedicinerelatedbackground,soIknewthepowerofmoderndrugs.Buttherewasapointwherechemicalsweren’tenough,andmyrecoverydelayed.IknewIneededtotrytousethepowerofnaturetohelpmefindmywaybacktowellness,”saysJessie.“Ispentyearsstudyingoptionsandlearningaboutwhatwasavailabletome.”AsJessieregainedherstrength,shedecidedshecouldmakeadifferencetoNewZealandersbysharingherexperienceandnewfoundknowledgetohelppeoplelivehealthierlives.Andthroughthatjourney,AJEHealthcarestarted.Jessie’smissionwastomakenaturalhealthcareeasytounderstandandeffectiveinhelpingpeoplelivetheirbestlives.ButthisisjustthebeginningforJessie.Sheisdeterminedtogrowherbusiness,servehercustomersdelightfully,andmakenaturalhealthcareaccessibletoallNewZealanders.4.WhenwasJessiediagnosedcancer?A.Whenshewaspregnant. B.Whenshedeliveredababy.C.Whenshehadanobleambition. D.WhenshemovedtoNewZealand.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheemergencysurgeryJessiehad?A.Itbrokeherdown. B.Itpletelycuredher.C.Itworsenedhercondition. D.Itwasthebeginningofthetreatment.6.WhywasAJEHealthcareestablished?A.Tocurepatientsofcancer. B.Tomakemedicalcareeasier.C.TopromoteJessie’sbusiness. D.Tohelpwithpeople’swellness.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FindingPurposeThroughAdversityB.TheEstablishmentofAJEHealthcareC.Jessie,aToughMotherinNewZealandD.HowNewZealandersPursueWellbeing【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了懷孕6個月的Jessie被診斷患有癌癥，在做完積極手術(shù)挽救胎兒后，Jessie進行了長期的化療，并在這個艱難的過程中建立了AJEHealthcare以幫助新西蘭的人們過更健康的生活?！驹斀狻?.細節(jié)理解題。由第二段““Iwashappilymarried,sixmonthspregnantandexcitedaboutmyfuture.Theneverythingchangedinaninstant.Thedoctorshaddiscoveredatumourbiggerthanmybaby’sheadaroundmyuterus(子宮).”(“我婚姻幸福，懷孕六個月，對自己的未來感到興奮。然后一切都在一瞬間改變了。醫(yī)生在我的子宮周圍發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個比我孩子的頭還大的腫瘤。)”可知Jessie在懷孕的時候被診斷患有癌癥。故選A。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Jessiehademergencysurgerytosaveherbabyandremovethetumour.Shethenhadtoundergomonthsofdebilitating(令人虛弱的)treatment.(Jessie做了緊急手術(shù)挽救了她的孩子并切除了腫瘤。隨后，她不得不接受數(shù)月的令人虛弱的治療。)”可知，Jessie所接受的手術(shù)治療只是救了她的孩子、切除了腫瘤，后續(xù)還需經(jīng)歷很久的化療，故手術(shù)成功只是整個治療階段的開始。A項談?wù)摰氖腔煹母弊饔枚鞘中g(shù)。故選D。3.細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Andthroughthatjourney,AJEHealthcarestarted.Jessie’smissionwastomakenaturalhealthcareeasytounderstandandeffectiveinhelpingpeoplelivetheirbestlives.(通過這段旅程，AJEHealthcare開始了。Jessie的使命是讓自然醫(yī)療更容易理解，并有效地幫助人們過上最好的生活。)”可知AJEHealthcare就是在Jessie追尋理想的過程中成立的，是為了幫助人們過更健康的生活。故選D。4.主旨大意題。由文章第一段“JessieisonamissiontochangewellnessinNewZealandforever.Thatsoundslikeanobleambition,butit’soneingfromamitmentstartedbyadversity(逆境).(Jessie的使命是永遠改變新西蘭的健康狀況。這聽起來像是一個崇高的抱負，但它來自于逆境中的承諾。)”及全篇對于Jessie的介紹可知，Jessie是在患癌、化療的親身體驗中找到了自己的人生目標和使命。故此選A。CFor85years,theHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmenthastrackedanoriginalgroupof724menandmorethan1,300oftheirmaleandfemaledescendants(后代)overthreegenerations,askingthousandsofquestionsandtakinghundredsofmeasurementstofindoutwhatreallykeepspeoplehealthyandhappy.Throughalltheyearsofstudyingtheselives,onecrucialfactorstandsoutfortheconsistencyandpowerofitsbondtophysicalhealth,mentalhealthandlongevity:goodrelationships.In2008,researcherstelephonedthewivesandhusbandsofHarvardStudycouplesintheir80severynightforeightnights.Researchersspoketoeachpartnerseparatelyandaskedthemaseriesofquestionsabouttheirdays.Ondayswhenthesemenandwomenspentmoretimeinthepanyofothers,theywerehappier.Likemostolderpeople,thoseintheHarvardStudyexperienceddaytodayrisesandfallsintheirlevelsofphysicalpainandhealthdifficulties.Butresearchersfoundthatthepeoplewhowereinmoresatisfyingrelationshipswerecushioned(緩沖)somewhatfromtheseupsanddownsofmood—theirhappinessdidnotdeclineasmuchonthedayswhentheyhadmorepain.Simplyput,theirhappymarriagesseemedtohaveaprotectiveeffect.ElizabethGillespie,atherapistofcouples,statedthatalthoughmostofusfoundthatourexperienceofrelationshipsmightbehard,andattimes,impossible,itisessentialtoourwellbeing.Todayweliveinmuchmoreplicatedenvironments,someetingoursocialneedspresentsdifferentchallenges.Wemightbesittingonagoldmineofvitalitythatwearenotpayingattentionto,becauseitishiddenbytheshinyappealofsmartphonesorpushedtothesidebyworkdemands.8.What’sthepurposeoftheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopment?ATostudytheirlivesoverthreegenerations.B.Torevealthesecrettohealthandwellbeing.C.Totrackthedescendantsofanoriginalgroup.D.Tostudytherelationshipbetweenhealthandhappiness.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byworkingwithotherresearchers.B.Bytrackingspecificgroupsofpeople.C.Byhelpingparticipantswithsocialdifficulties.D.Byparingtheresultsfromdifferentpeople.10.WhydidtheauthormentiontheexamplesinParagraph4?A.Toprovideevidenceforthebondofhealthandlongevity.B.Tointroducetheconceptofphysicalpainandhealthdifficulties.C.Toshowthenegativeimpactofunhappymarriagesonolderpeople’smood.D.Tosupportthepositiveimpactofsatisfyingrelationshipsonpeople’slives.11.AccordingtoElizabethGillespie,whatisessentialtoourwellbeing?A.Havinggoodsocialconnections.B.Decliningpainsanddifficulties.C.Overingupsanddownsofmood.D.Experiencingrisesandfallsofphysicalhealth.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文通過對哈佛大學(xué)成人發(fā)展研究的項目的闡述說明了友好的社交關(guān)系對幸福至關(guān)重要?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。由第一段“For85years,theHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmenthastrackedanoriginalgroupof724menandmorethan1,300oftheirmaleandfemaledescendants(后代)overthreegenerations,askingthousandsofquestionsandtakinghundredsofmeasurementstofindoutwhatreallykeepspeoplehealthyandhappy.(85年來，哈佛大學(xué)成人發(fā)展研究追蹤了一個由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代組成的原始群體，歷時三代，提出了數(shù)千個問題，并進行了數(shù)百次測量，以找出真正讓人們保持健康和快樂的因素。)”可知，哈佛大學(xué)成人發(fā)展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。由第三段“In2008,researcherstelephonedthewivesandhusbandsofHarvardStudycouplesintheir80severynightforeightnights.Researchersspoketoeachpartnerseparatelyandaskedthemaseriesofquestionsabouttheirdays.(2008年，研究人員連續(xù)八晚每晚給哈佛大學(xué)研究中80多歲夫婦的妻子和丈夫打。研究人員分別與每對伴侶交談，并問了他們一系列關(guān)于日常生活的問題)”可知，研究者通過追蹤特定群體來實施研究。故選B。3.推理判斷題。由第二段“Throughalltheyearsofstudyingtheselives,onecrucialfactorstandsoutfortheconsistencyandpowerofitsbondtophysicalhealth,mentalhealthandlongevity:goodrelationships.(通過多年來對這些生活的研究，有一個關(guān)鍵因素突出了它與身體健康、心理健康和壽命之間的一致性和力量：良好的人際關(guān)系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究對象“couplesintheir80s(80多歲的夫婦)”、研究過程及研究方法，第四段講研究過程中的發(fā)現(xiàn)。第四段“Butresearchersfoundthatthepeoplewhowereinmoresatisfyingrelationshipswerecushioned(緩沖)somewhatfromtheseupsanddownsofmood—theirhappinessdidnotdeclineasmuchonthedayswhentheyhadmorepain.Simplyput,theirhappymarriagesseemedtohaveaprotectiveeffect.(但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些處于更令人滿意的關(guān)系中的人在一定程度上緩解了情緒的起伏——他們的幸福感在經(jīng)歷更多痛苦的日子里并沒有下降那么多。簡單地說，他們幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保護作用。)”可知通過具體的例子，使讀者可以更加直觀地理解這個研究結(jié)果，并且更容易接受這個結(jié)論的可信度。即為了支持令人滿意的關(guān)系對人們生活的積極影響。故選D。4.推理判斷題。由第五段“...althoughmostofusfoundthatourexperienceofrelationshipsmightbehard,andattimes,impossible,itisessentialtoourwellbeing(雖然我們大多數(shù)人發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的人際關(guān)系經(jīng)歷可能很難，有時甚至是不可能的，但它對我們的幸福至關(guān)重要)”可知，ElizabethGillespie認為experienceofrelationships(關(guān)系體驗)即擁有好的社交關(guān)系對幸福至關(guān)重要。故此選A。DIt’sarealitythatfoodproduction,biodiversityandcarbonstorageinecosystemsarepetingforthesameland.Ashumansdemandmorefood,somoreforestsarecleared,andfarmsbeelesspleasanttomanywildanimalsandplants.Therefore,globalconservationwillfailunlessitaddressestheissueoffoodproduction.Fortunately,somenewtechnologiesarebeingdevelopedthatmakeasystemwiderevolutioninfoodproductionpossible.Accordingtorecentresearch,thistransformationcouldmeetincreasedglobalfooddemandsbyagrowinghumanpopulationonlessthan20%oftheworld’sexistingfarmland.Aroundfourfifthsofthelandisusedtoproducemeatanddairy.Globalmeatconsumptionhasincreasedbymorethan50%inthepast20years.Producingallthatextrameatwillmeaneitherchangingevenmorelandintofarms,orcrammingevenmorecows,chickensandpigsintoexistingland.Neitheroptionisgoodforbiodiversity.Unlessfoodproductionistackledheadon,weareleftwithnohopeoflongtermsuccess.Weneedtotacklethecauseofbiodiversitychange.Theprincipalglobalapproachtoclimatechangeistofocusonthecauseandminimizegreenhousegasemissions,nottomanufacture(制造)billionsofparasols(遮陽傘).Thesameisrequiredforbiodiversity.Luckily,labgrownfoodprovidesanalternative.Theprocessinvolvesgrowinganimalproductsfromrealanimalcells,ratherthangrowingactualanimals.Animalcrueltywouldbeeliminatedand,withnoneedforcowswanderingaroundinfields,thefactorywouldtakeupfarlessspacetoproducethesameamountofmeatormilk.Otheremergingtechnologiesincludemicrobialproteinproductionwherebacteriauseenergyderived(來自)fromsolarpanelstochangecarbondioxideandothernutrientsintocarbohydratesandproteins.Thiscouldgenerateasmuchproteinassoybeansbutinjust7%ofthearea.ItisevenpossibletogeneratesugarsthroughextractingCO,fromtheatmosphere,allwithouteverpassingthroughalivingplantoranimal.Theresultingsugarsarechemicallythesameasthosederivedfromplantsbutwouldbegeneratedinatinyfractionofthearearequiredbyconventionalcrops.12.Whatplaysakeyroleinglobalconservation?A.Carbonstorage. B.Foodproduction.C.Newtechnology. D.Existingfarmland.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cramming”inParagraph3mean?A.Producing. B.Transforming. C.Packing. D.Dividing.14.Whatistheprincipalglobalapproachtobiodiversitychange?A.Focusingonthecauseofit. B.Developingnewtechnologies.C.Manufacturingbillionsofparasols. D.Minimizinggreenhousegasemissions.15.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5toParagraph7?A.Newtechnologiesmakelesseningfarmlandpossible.B.Generatingsugarsrequiresatinyfractionofthearea.C.Labgrownfoodhelpstoproducemoremeatandmilk.D.Newtechnologieshaveresolvedtheissueoffoodproduction.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是正在開發(fā)的一些新技術(shù)使糧食生產(chǎn)的全系統(tǒng)革命成為可能。根據(jù)最近的研究，這種轉(zhuǎn)變可以在不到世界現(xiàn)有農(nóng)田20%的情況下滿足不斷增長的人口對全球糧食的需求?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Therefore,globalconservationwillfailunlessitaddressestheissueoffoodproduction.(因此，除非解決糧食生產(chǎn)問題，否則全球保護將失敗。)”可知，在全球保護中起著關(guān)鍵作用的是糧食生產(chǎn)。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Aroundfourfifthsofthelandisusedtoproducemeatanddairy.Globalmeatconsumptionhasincreasedbymorethan50%inthepast20years.Producingallthatextrameatwillmeaneitherchangingevenmorelandintofarms,orcrammingevenmorecows,chickensandpigsintoexistingland.Neitheroptionisgoodforbiodiversity.(大約五分之四的土地用于生產(chǎn)肉類和奶制品。在過去20年中，全球肉類消費量增長了50%以上。生產(chǎn)所有這些額外的肉類意味著要么將更多的土地改為農(nóng)場，要么將更多奶牛、雞和豬cramming進現(xiàn)有的土地。這兩種選擇都不利于生物多樣性。)”可知，句子表示“把更多的牛、雞和豬塞進現(xiàn)有的土地”，劃線詞cramming表示“塞進，擠滿”，和C選項Packing意思相近，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段的“Weneedtotacklethecauseofbiodiversitychange.Theprincipalglobalapproachtoclimatechangeistofocusonthecauseandminimizegreenhousegasemissions,nottomanufacture(制造)billionsofparasols(遮陽傘).Thesameisrequiredforbiodiversity.(我們需要解決生物多樣性變化的原因。全球應(yīng)對氣候變化的主要方法是關(guān)注原因并最大限度地減少溫室氣體排放，而不是制造數(shù)十億把陽傘。生物多樣性也是如此。)”可知，我們要從根源上解決生物多樣性的變化，故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的“Luckily,labgrownfoodprovidesanalternative.Theprocessinvolvesgrowinganimalproductsfromrealanimalcells,ratherthangrowingactualanimals.Animalcrueltywouldbeeliminatedand,withnoneedforcowswanderingaroundinfields,thefactorywouldtakeupfarlessspacetoproducethesameamountofmeatormilk.(幸運的是，實驗室種植的食物提供了另一種選擇。這個過程包括從真正的動物細胞中培育動物產(chǎn)品，而不是培育真正的動物。虐待動物的行為將被消除，而且由于不需要奶牛在田野里游蕩，工廠將占用更少的空間來生產(chǎn)同樣數(shù)量的肉或牛奶。)”，第六段的“Otheremergingtechnologiesincludemicrobialproteinproduction,wherebacteriauseenergyderived(來自)fromsolarpanelstochangecarbondioxideandothernutrientsintocarbohydratesandproteins.Thiscouldgenerateasmuchproteinassoybeansbutinjust7%ofthearea.(其他新興技術(shù)包括微生物蛋白質(zhì)生產(chǎn)，細菌利用太陽能電池板產(chǎn)生的能量將二氧化碳和其他營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為碳水化合物和蛋白質(zhì)。它可以產(chǎn)生和大豆一樣多的蛋白質(zhì)，但只占7%的面積。)”和最后一段的“Theresultingsugarsarechemicallythesameasthosederivedfromplantsbutwouldbegeneratedinatinyfractionofthearearequiredbyconventionalcrops.(由此產(chǎn)生的糖在化學(xué)上與從植物中提取的糖相同，但只需傳統(tǒng)作物所需面積的一小部分就能產(chǎn)生。)”可知，第五到七段介紹的幾個新興技術(shù)都能減少土地的使用，因此第五到七段的主要內(nèi)容是A選項“Newtechnologiesmakelesseningfarmlandpossible.(新技術(shù)使減少耕地成為可能。)”。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Astheweekendestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxietyandevendread(恐懼)abouttheupingweek.____16____Here’showyoucaneaseyourendofweekendanxiety.StructureyourSunday.StructurecanbeabestfriendwhenfeelingtheSundayscaries.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclockaimlessly,dosomethingthatyouenjoy.Youmightstillgetthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyouhaveacheerfulschedule.____17____It’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.Identifyyouranxietysources.Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience.____18____Createmultipletodolists:onelistfortasksthatneedtobepletedimmediately,anotherfortasksthatarelessurgent,andafinallistfortasksthatyou’dliketopleteatsomepoint.Seeingthesecanhelpputintoperspectivewhat’simportantandwhatyoucanletgooffornow.Thiscanhelpdecreasetheanticipationofthestressanddreadoftheweek.Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingtothinkaboutthat’spleasing,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthedreadyoufeel.It’saformofreframingyourthoughts.Donotfocusontheawfulthings.____19____Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstosomethingfunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.____20____MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourself.Inthisway,youareabletogiveyourselfproperrelaxingtime.Itcouldbeplanningsomefavoritefoodstoenjoywhilewatchingfootball.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou—leavetheworkemailsforMondaymorning.A.ChecktheemailsonSundaynights.B.EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.C.Besides,trynottostuffyourweekendwithtoomanyoddsandends.D.Instead,buildexcitementoveracoffeeorlunchdatewithafriend.E.AlthoughtheSundayscariesaremon,theyarestillmanageable.F.Onewaytomanageitistofindwhatreallycausesyoutodreadtheweek.G.Itcanbewhateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontofleefromtheanxiety.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.D20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何緩解周末焦慮?！?6題詳解】空前“Astheweekendestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxietyandevendread(恐懼)abouttheupingweek.(隨著周末的結(jié)束，我們中的許多人錯過了周日的歡樂日，而對即將到來的一周感到焦慮甚至恐懼。)”說明了我們很多人會有周末焦慮，空后“Here’showyoucaneaseyourendofweekendanxiety.(以下是緩解周末焦慮的方法。)”說明周末焦慮是可以緩解的，因此空格處應(yīng)該說周末焦慮是可以被控制或解決的，E選項“AlthoughtheSundayscariesaremon,theyarestillmanageable.(盡管周日恐慌很常見，但它們?nèi)匀皇强煽氐摹?”說明周日焦慮是可以控制的，承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】空后“It’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.(為令人放松的活動騰出空間是很重要的。)”說明要為一些令人放松的活動騰出空間，因此空格處應(yīng)該是說不要把周末填得太滿，C選項“Besides,trynottostuffyourweekendwithtoomanyoddsandends.(此外，盡量不要讓你的周末塞滿太多零碎的東西。)”說明了不要把周末都填滿了，引起下文，符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】本段小標題是“Identifyyouranxietysources.(確定焦慮的來源。)”，空前“Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience.(焦慮是一種正常的人類體驗。)”說明焦慮是很正常的，空格處應(yīng)該說要找到你周末焦慮的原因，F(xiàn)選項“Onewaytomanageitistofindwhatreallycausesyoutodreadtheweek.(處理它的一個方法是找出真正讓你害怕這一周的原因。)”說明了要找到周末焦慮的原因，承接上文，符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】空前“Donotfocusontheawfulthings.(不要專注于糟糕的事情。)”說明不要專注于糟糕的事情，空格處應(yīng)該說正確的做法是什么，D選項“Instead,buildexcitementoveracoffeeorlunchdatewithafriend.(相反，和朋友一起喝杯咖啡或吃頓午餐讓你興奮起來。)”說明了正確的做法是和朋友去喝咖啡放松一下，承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳解】空格處是本段小標題，由空后的“MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourself.Inthisway,youareabletogiveyourselfproperrelaxingtime.Itcouldbeplanningsomefavoritefoodstoenjoywhilewatchingfootball.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou—leavetheworkemailsforMondaymorning.(周日晚上為自己做點事情。這樣，你就能給自己適當(dāng)?shù)姆潘蓵r間。它可以是計劃一些最喜歡的食物，一邊看足球一邊享用。盡你所能珍惜這段時間，讓周日晚上完全屬于你——把工作郵件留到周一早上。)”說明了周日的晚上應(yīng)該為自己做一些令人放松的事情，B選項“EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.(帶著正確的能量結(jié)束你的周日。)”說明了在周日晚上應(yīng)該做一些對的事情，可作為本段小標題，故選B。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Sixteenyearsago,whileweweredrivingonvacation,mywifedecidedtopassthetimebysinging“TheChristmasSong”.Shesangitoverandoveragain.Somehow,Idecidedto____21____withher.Whenshegottothe____22____“JackFrostnipping(捏)atyournose,”Isaid,inmymosthorrifiedvoice,“Whyareyou____23____thatsong?”Asshelookedconfused,Iproceededto____24____herthatJackFrostwasthenameofaviolentpatientwho____25____anasylum(精神病院)onChristmasinthe1920sandwentarounddevouring(吞噬)faces,____26____noses,whichhehadacquireda____27____for.Shockedandterrified,she____28____itpletely.Fastforwardtothisyear.It’ssnowingoutsideandIwasinagoodmood.Istartedsinging“TheChristmasSong”andmywifethen____29____methatJackFrost,theserial____30____biter,hadforever____31____thatsongforher.Ilaughedand____32____thatIwasteasingthatdayandthatIhonestlydidn’tthinkshebelievedme.Shegotquite____33____sinceforalltheseyearsshehadcheerfullysharedthisdarkandshockingstorywithanyonewhowouldlistenanditturnedouta____34____.Asforme,thoughIamnowtheKingofLieswhoisnevertobe____35____again,ithasbeethemostcheerfulholidaystoryinourfamilyever.21.A.agree B.mess C.pass D.drive22.A.line B.song C.story D.sentence23.A.hearing B.voicing C.singing D.playing24.A.blame B.inform C.award D.teach25.A.madefunof B.tookchargeof C.brokeoutof D.gotaheadof26.A.rarely B.frequently C.usually D.particularly27.A.taste B.flavor C.standard D.skill28.A.accepted B.bought C.denied D.liked29.A.wrote B.sold C.reminded D.spared30.A.nose B.patient C.asylum D.arm31.A.pleted B.ruined C.broken D.restored32.A.argued B.confirmed C.admitted D.announced33.A.joyful B.grateful C.awkward D.mad34.A.lie B.edy C.drama D.show35.A.teased B.trusted C.heard D.loved【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者以前因為煩妻子一直唱《圣誕歌》而撒了個關(guān)于JackFrost的謊言，這使作者成了謊言之王，但是這個故事也成了作者家最快樂的節(jié)日故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我決定干涉她。A.agree同意；B.mess弄亂，弄臟；C.pass經(jīng)過；D.drive開車。根據(jù)下文“inmymosthorrifiedvoice”可知，作者受不了妻子一直唱那首歌，所以決定干涉她。messwith意為“卷入；干涉”，符合題意。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她唱到“杰克·弗羅斯特在咬你的鼻子”這句時，我用最驚恐的聲音說:“你為什么要唱那首歌？”A.line話，臺詞；B.song歌曲；C.story故事；D.sentence句子。根據(jù)下文“JackFrostnipping(捏)atyournose”可知，這句是