四川省成都蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25四川省成都蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考試題（含解析）考試時(shí)間共120分鐘，滿分150分留意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫清晰，考生考試條形碼由監(jiān)考老師粘貼在答題卡上的“條形碼粘貼處”。2.選擇題運(yùn)用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號(hào)的位置上，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再填涂其它答案；非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡的對(duì)應(yīng)區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域答題的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙上、試卷上答題無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后由監(jiān)考老師將答題卡收回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheinterview?A.Satisfied.B.Confident.C.Unsure.2.Wheredidthewomanprobablygo?A.Tothecinema.B.Totheschool.C.Tothepark.3.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisgoingtowork?A.Ittakeshimtoomuchtime.B.Thedistanceissolong.C.HefeelsOKwithit.4.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitsome4Sshops.B.Fixtheircar.C.Visitsometouristplaces.5.Howmanyclotheswouldthewomanliketotakeforthistravel?A.Quitealot.B.Nottoomany.C.Few.其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthewoman'sfatherretire?A.Oneyearago.B.Eightmonthsago.C.Sixmonthsago.7.Whatdoesthewoman'sfatherdonow?A.AnEnglishteacher.B.Aneditor.C.Atranslator.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whatistheovercoatmadeof?A.Cotton.B.Wool.C.Leather.9.Whatcouldbethereasonifthewomandoesnotbuytheovercoat?A.Thecolor.B.Thesize.C.Theprice.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.WhydoesthewomanregretgoingtoDisney?A.Itwasnotfun.B.ShemissedJohanna'sparty.C.Shemissedherschool.11.Whatwillthewomandoonweekend?A.AskJohannatostay.B.CallJohannaandmeether.C.GiveJohannaasurprise.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Visithim.B.Helphim.C.Callhim.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Whohasacarsickness(暈車)?A.Theman.B.Thewoman'sbrother.C.Thewoman'schild.14.Wherearethecarsicknesspillsmadein?A.Germany.B.America.C.China.15.Whyisthecarsickboystillsleeping?A.Hedidn'tsleeplastnight.B.Healwayskeepssleepingwhenhe'sinacar.C.Hetookthewrongmedicine.16.What'sthemostpossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Family.B.Friends.C.Passengerandconductor.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Whyistheboybegging?A.He'sblind.B.He'slazy.C.He'ssick.18.Whathappenedafterthemanchangedtheboy'ssign?A.Morepeoplelaughedattheboy.B.Morepeoplegavemoneytotheboy.C.Morepeopletalkedaboutthesign.19.Whatdidthemanwriteonthesign?A.It'strue.Heneedshelp.B.Threedaystosee.C.Todayisabeautifulday,butIcannotseeit.20.Howisthesecondsigncomparedtothefirstone?A.Morenegative.B.Moreeffective.C.Moresurprising.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMariaRogers123MainStreetFairfax,Virgnia22222(703)555-5555Education:Praha5Gymnasium,May2011-May2013J.E.B.StuartTransitionalHighSchool,June2015-May2016Experience:Cashier,McDonald's,June2014-May2015.Tookcustomerorders,handledcustomercomplaints(投訴),moppedfloors.Caregiver,McDanielsfamily,June2015-May2024.Tookcareofthreechildren,agesIto7,preparedlunchanddinner,drovechildrentoschool,organizedchildren'sactivities.Caregiver,Smithfamily,June2024-presentTakescareoftwinsbabies,preparesmealsandfeedschildren,cleansandorganizeshouse,takeschildrentoactivitieslikemusicclass.References:JoseMendez,McDonald'sManager.703-111-1111.JaneMcDaniels,employer.571-555-5555.NancySmith,employer.301-555-5555.LeonaRiley1234RedOakDriveFlint,MD64000Home:404-555-5555Cell:404-555-5556Email:LeonaReileyfrontfocus.ComObjectiveToobtainawaitresspositionintheFoodandBeverageIndustry.QualificationsSummaryExtensiveknowledgeofprinciplesandprocessesforprovidingcustomerservice,andsoon.Wideknowledgeofprinciplesandmethodsforshowing,promoting,andsellingproductsorservices.EducationMarylandCustomerServiceAcademy,Baltimore,MDAssociate'sDegree(July2015),404-554-4556WorkExperienceWaitress:June2016-Present,RoyalOakRestaurant,Flint,MDResponsibilitiesinclude:Checkingcustomers'identificationtoensurethattheymeetminimumagerequirementsforconsumptionofalcoholicbeverages,checkingwithcustomerstoensurethattheyareenjoyingtheirmeals,andsoon.Waitress:May2013-May2016,ChezFayette,Flint,MDResponsibilitiesincluded:Collectingpaymentsfromcustomers,writingfoodordersonorderslips.Preparedhot,cold,andmixeddrinksforpatrons.Describedandrecommendedwinestocustomers.Referencesavailableuponrequest.1.WheredidRogerworkin2016?A.InMcDonald's. B.InSmithfamily.C.InMcDanielsfamily. D.InChezFayette,Flint,MD.2.WhichwillRoger'spotentialemployercalltoknowaboutherpresentworksituation?A.301-555-5555. B.571-555-5555.C.703-111-1111. D.404-555-5556.3.WhatdoesRileydonow?A.She'sacaregiver. B.She'sacashier.C.She'sateacher. D.She'sawaitress.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是MariaRogers和LeonaRiley的簡(jiǎn)歷，主要介紹了兩個(gè)人的教化背景和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)等基本信息?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MariaRogers的簡(jiǎn)歷中Experience部分“Caregiver,McDanielsfamily,June2015-May2024.”可知，可知，從2015年6月到2024年5月期間，MariaRogers在McDaniels家做小孩護(hù)理員。選C項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MariaRogers的簡(jiǎn)歷中“Caregiver,Smithfamily,June2024-present”可知，從2024年6月至今，MariaRogers在史密斯家做家庭護(hù)理員，所以潛在的雇主可以通過(guò)撥打電話301-555-5555聯(lián)系到他。選A項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LeonaRiley簡(jiǎn)歷中“WorkExperienceWaitress:June2016-Present,RoyalOakRestaurant,Flint,MD”可知，從2016年6月至今，LeonaRiley在皇家橡樹餐廳做服務(wù)員。故選D項(xiàng)。BHaveyouwonderedwhatyourpetsarefeeling?Whenyourdogwags(來(lái)回?fù)u擺)itstail,doesthatmeanitishappy?AnewappcalledHappyPetscantellyouwhat'sgoingon.Theappusesartificialintelligence(AI)toanalyzethefacialexpressionsofcatsanddogs.Thenitcantellyouwhatbreed(品種)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.Itcanshowthefivemostcommonfeelings-happy,angry,neutral,sadandscared.ResearchersattheUniversityofMelbourneinAustraliadevelopedtheapp.Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察覺(jué))emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.Howaccuratearetheresults?Theresearchersthinktheyaretrustworthysincetheapphasbeentestedmanytimes.Interestingly,theyhavefoundthatcatsarehardertoreadthandogs.Inthefuture,theappmightalsobeabletoanalyzeapet'sbodytomakeitsreadingsmoreaccurate.4.WhatistheappHappyPetsusedtodo?A.Tomakepetshappy. B.Totellushowthepetsarefeeling.C.Torecognizeananimal'spicture. D.Tounlockourmobilephones.5.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Whatemotionstheappcanrecognize. B.Whatcertainfacialfeaturesmean.C.Howpeopleusetheapp. D.Howtheapp'sAlwastrained.6.WhatcanweinferabouttheappHappyPets?A.Ithasbeenusedwithanimalsforalongtime. B.Itworksharderondogsthancats.C.Itusesfacialrecognitiontechnology. D.Itcananalyzeapet'sbody.7.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthortowritethepassage?A.Showhowtomakeanimalshappy. B.Introduceastudyonanimals.C.Showhowtoplaywithanimals D.Introduceanewapp.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要是關(guān)于一種新的應(yīng)用程序：HappyPets，主要介紹了這款軟件的原理、功能等基本信息?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中其次段中“itcantellyouwhatbreed(品種)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.”（它可以告知你你的寵物是什么品種，以及它的感受。）可知，這個(gè)應(yīng)用可以告知你你的寵物的種類及它的感受。故選B。2.主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段“Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察覺(jué))emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.”（這款應(yīng)用程序的AI首先被教會(huì)識(shí)別動(dòng)物的圖片。然后，它被教化識(shí)別貓和狗的面部特征。接下來(lái)是最重要的一步，教它依據(jù)某些面部特征來(lái)檢測(cè)（察覺(jué)）心情。例如，假如一只狗在變更耳朵位置的同時(shí)收緊眼睛和嘴巴，這就意味著它膽怯 了。為了駕馭這項(xiàng)技能，AT程序“看到”和“閱讀”了成千上萬(wàn)的示例圖像。）可知，主要介紹了這個(gè)應(yīng)用中AI是如何訓(xùn)練的。故選D。3.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.”可知，這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序運(yùn)用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是面部識(shí)別，這是人工智能的一個(gè)常見用途，我們可以用面部識(shí)別讀卡器解鎖手機(jī)或進(jìn)入火車站。但這是這種技術(shù)第一次用于動(dòng)物。選項(xiàng)C（它運(yùn)用面部識(shí)別技術(shù)）和文意相符。故選C。4.推理推斷題。本文主要是關(guān)于一種新的應(yīng)用程序：HappyPets，主要介紹了這款軟件的原理、功能等基本信息，作者寫這篇文章就是為了介紹這款應(yīng)用程序，故選D。CShoppersaroundtheworldarecrazybuyingbecauseoffearsoverthecoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒),whichcausedacriticalplagueinChinaandevenothercountriesatthebeginningof2024.PeopleincountriessuchasEngland,Japan,SingaporeandAustraliahavebeenemptyingsupermarketshelvesoftoiletpaper,facemasks,handwashproductsanddriedandcannedfood.PhotosandvideosofshoppersinAustraliaquarrelingoverthelastpackoftoiletrollinasupermarkethavespreadacrosssocialmediaswiftly.However,governmentshaveadvisedtheircitizensthatthereisnoneedto"panicbuy".Theyaddedthatpanicbuyingwouldonlyreducethesupplyofproductsneededbypatientsandmedicalstaff,whichcouldexacerbatetheproblemstheCOVID-19virusiscausing.Singapore'sprimeministercomfortedSingaporeansthat:"Wehaveenoughsupplies.There'snoneedtostockup."Aweekafterthepanicbuyingfever,thingshavecalmeddownandshoppershavegonebacktopurchasingitemsinnormalquantities.Psychologistssaypanicbuyingisan"unwise"behaviourthatispartofaconditioncalledFOMO一thefearofmissingout.Dr.KatharinaWittgenssaidaherdmentality(從眾心理)setsinduringdisastersthatcausespeopletocopytheactionsofothers.Peoplewatchthenewsofitemsbeingboughtinquantityandimmediatelyrushouttothestorestodothesame.Shesaidpeopleweretakingontoomuchtherisksofdyingfromthecoronavirus.Shesaid:"Farmorepeopledieincaraccidentsorhouseholdaccidentsperyearbutwedon'tpanicaboutthesethingsinthemorningbeforewegotowork."8.Whatisthereasonforshoppersindifferentcountriescrazybuying?A.Theapproachof2024NewYear'sDay.B.TheshortageofresourcesandsuppliesintheirnationsC.Thediscountfromsupermarkets.D.Theirconcernaboutthevirus.9.Whatdoestheword"exacerbate"inParagraph2probablymean?A.release B.worsenC.solve D.quicken10.Whatcausedthisbehavioraccordingtoexpert?A.Peoplethinknooneneedsthesupplies.B.Peopledonotbelievewhatotherssaid.C.Peopletendtofollowothers'actionsintheperiodofdisaster.D.Peoplearewiserinmakingdecisions.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldnotpanicoverthevirus.B.Peoplewanttodosomethingdifferentfromothers.C.Peoplebuylittlewhentheygotothestores.D.Morepeoplediefromcaraccidents.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。面對(duì)新冠疫情，世界各地很多人特別驚惶，瘋狂搶購(gòu)，導(dǎo)致超市商場(chǎng)貨架空空。政府建議市民沒(méi)有必要這樣做。心理學(xué)家也表示，恐慌性購(gòu)買是一種“不明智”的行為，是人們的從眾心理導(dǎo)致的?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“Shoppersaroundtheworldarecrazybuyingbecauseoffearsoverthecoronavirus,whichcausedacriticalplagueinChinaandevenothercountriesatthebeginningof2024.”可知，由于對(duì)這種冠狀病毒的恐驚，世界各地的購(gòu)物者瘋狂購(gòu)物。在2024年初，這種病毒在中國(guó)甚至其他國(guó)家引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)峻的瘟疫。由此可知，對(duì)病毒的擔(dān)憂導(dǎo)致不同國(guó)家的人瘋狂購(gòu)物。故選D。2.詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中“Theyaddedthatpanicbuyingwouldonlyreducethesupplyofproductsneededbypatientsandmedicalstaff，”可知，他們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，恐慌性購(gòu)買只會(huì)削減患者和醫(yī)護(hù)人員所需產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)。另結(jié)合下文中“Aweekafterthepanicbuyingfever,thingshavecalmeddownandshoppershavegonebacktopurchasingitemsinnormalquantities.”可知，在恐慌性購(gòu)買熱潮過(guò)去一周后，狀況已經(jīng)平靜，購(gòu)物者已經(jīng)回到正常數(shù)量的購(gòu)物。所以可推知，這種恐慌性的購(gòu)買會(huì)加劇COVID-19病毒造成的問(wèn)題。由此可知，劃線單詞意思為“惡化”。故選B。3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“Dr.KatharinaWittgenssaidaherdmentality（從眾心理）setsinduringdisastersthatcausespeopletocopytheactionsofothers.”可知KatharinaWittgens博士說(shuō)，在發(fā)生災(zāi)難時(shí)，人們會(huì)產(chǎn)生從眾心理，導(dǎo)致他們仿照別人的行為。由此可知，專家認(rèn)為造成這種現(xiàn)象的緣由是在災(zāi)難時(shí)期，人們傾向于跟隨別人的行為。故選C。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Psychologistssaypanicbuyingisan"unwise"behaviourthatispartofaconditioncalledFOMO一thefearofmissingout.”可知，心理學(xué)家表示，恐慌性購(gòu)買是一種“不明智”的行為，屬于一種名為Fomosomething的疾病，也就是膽怯 錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)。所以，人們不必恐慌。選項(xiàng)A.“Peopleshouldnotpanicoverthevirus.”（人們不應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)病毒感到恐慌。）與文意相符。故選A。DMankind’smostfamous“eyeinthesky”turned30thisyear,takingabeautifulimageof“spaceclouds”tocelebrate.TheHubbleSpaceTelescope,knowntomostsimplyas“Hubble”,wassentintospaceonApril24,1990.Thetelescope,oneofourbestspaceexplorationtools,usesalargemirrortocollectlightanddirectitintoapowerfuldigitalcamera.Thisallowsittoseepartsofouterspacethatarelocated10to15billionlight-yearsaway.Eachyearonitsbirthday,thetelescopetakesanewimagetocelebrate.Onits30thbirthday,Hubbletookanimagetitled“CosmicReef”.Thepictureshowstwobigcloudsofcosmicdustandgas:thegiantrednebulaNGC2014andasmallerbluenebulacalledNGC2024,accordingtoSpace.ThetitleoftheimagecomesfromNGC2014’sappearance,asitlookslikealargereefofredcoral.Hubblehasmademanyimportantdiscoveriesoverthelast30years.Forexample,thetelescopehelpedusdiscoverfourofPluto’sfivemoons.ThisdiscoverymadeitpossibletoplanamissionfortheNewHorizonsprobe,whichtooknever-before-seenimagesofPlutoin2015.Thetelescopehasalsotakenphotosofpulsatingstars.Theregularpulsesoflightthatcomefromthesestarsallowustocalculatetheageoftheuniverse,whichiscurrentlybelievedtobe13.7billionyearsold.ButHubble’sworkisnotdoneyet.Itisexpectedtocontinueworkingthroughthe2024s,whenitwillbejoinedbyitssuccessor,theJamesWebbSpaceTelescope,accordingtoCNET.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.HowtheHubbleSpaceTelescopeworks.B.TheHubbletelescope’s30thanniversary.C.HowtheHubbleSpaceTelescopehashelpedusexplorespace.D.HowscientistschosethefolloweroftheHubbletelescope.13.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageabouttheHubbleSpaceTelescope?A.ItwasthebestspaceexplorationtoolB.Itwasdesignedtobeinserviceforabout40years.C.Itcanseethewholeouterspace.D.TheJamesWebbSpaceTelescopewilltakeplaceofitsoon.14.Howisthetelescope’sbirthdaycelebratedeachyear?A.Bytitlinganewspacepicture. B.Bynaminganewnebula.C.Bytakinganewimageofspace. D.Bytakinganewimageofitself.15.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobefound?A.Amagazine. B.Anovel.C.Areport. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡)對(duì)于人們探究太空所起的作用以及三十年來(lái)的成就等基本信息?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知，第一段引出TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡)；其次段介紹哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡的功能；第三段說(shuō)明哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡給太空拍照紀(jì)念生日的方式；第四段講解哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡的主要成就；最終一段講哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡仍接著工作。故本文主要介紹哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡如何幫助我們探究太空以及其成就。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Hubblehasmademanyimportantdiscoveriesoverthelast30years.(哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡在過(guò)去30年里有很多重要的發(fā)覺(jué))”以及“Itisexpectedtocontinueworkingthroughthe2024s,whenitwillbejoinedbyitssuccessor(它預(yù)料將接著工作到本世紀(jì)20年頭，屆時(shí)它的繼任者詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡將加入它的行列)”可知，選項(xiàng)B（它被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)服務(wù)年限為40年左右）正確。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Eachyearonitsbirthday,thetelescopetakesanewimagetocelebrate.Onits30thbirthday,Hubbletookanimagetitled“CosmicReef”.Thepictureshowstwobigcloudsofcosmicdustandgas:thegiantrednebulaNGC2014andasmallerbluenebulacalledNGC2024,accordingtoSpace.(每年它生日的時(shí)候，望遠(yuǎn)鏡都會(huì)拍攝一張新照片來(lái)慶祝。在它30歲生日時(shí)，哈勃拍攝了一張名為“宇宙礁”的照片。據(jù)《太空》雜志報(bào)道，這張照片顯示了兩大片由宇宙塵埃和氣體組成的星云：巨大的紅色星云NGC2014和較小的藍(lán)色星云NGC2024)”可知，哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡每年都會(huì)拍一張?zhí)盏恼掌o(jì)念自己的生日。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。文章介紹了TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡)對(duì)于人們探究太空所起的作用以及三十年來(lái)的成就等基本信息。由此推知，該文章來(lái)源于科研雜志。故選A。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everybodyyawns(打哈欠)–fromunbornbabiestogreat-grandparents.Butwhy,exactly,doweyawn?_____16_____.Onetheory(理論)isthatwhenweareboredortired,wejustdon’tbreatheasdeeplyasweusuallydo._____17_____.Therefore,yawninghelpsusbringmoreoxygenintothebloodandmovemorecarbondioxideoutoftheblood.Yawning,then,wouldbeanactionthatwecan’treallycontroltohelpuscontrolouroxygenandcarbondioxidelevels.Soundsgood,butotherstudieshaveshownthatbreathingmoreoxygendoesnotmakeusyawnless._____18_____.Hmmm.Nowwhat?_____19_____.Stretching(拉伸)andyawningmaybeawaytorelaxmusclesandjoints,increaseheartrate,andfeelmoreawake.Otherpeoplebelievethatyawningisaprotectivewaytoredistribute(重新安排)theoil-likesubstancecalledsurfactantthathelpskeeplungsfromdryingup.So,ifwedidn’tyawn,accordingtothistheory,takingadeepbreathwouldbecomeharderandharder–andthatwouldnotbegood!Butthereisoneideaaboutyawningthateveryoneknowstobetrue:_____20_____.Ifyouyawninclass,you’llprobablynoticeafewotherpeoplewillstartyawning,too.Eventhinkingaboutyawningcangetyouyawning.Howmanytimeshaveyouyawnedwhilereadingthisarticle?Wehopenotmany!A.ItseemstospreadB.YawningseemstobecommonC.Nooneknowsforsure,buttherearemanytheoriesD.AnothertheoryisthatyawningstretchesthelungandlungtissueE.Thistheoryindicatesyawning,likeadeepbreath,helpsusfeelfreshF.Likewise,breathingmorecarbondioxidedoesnotincreaseyawningG.Asthistheorygoes,ourbodiestakeinlessoxygenbecauseourbreathinghasslowed【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.D20.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人類打哈欠的現(xiàn)象。【16題詳解】上文“Butwhy,exactly,doweyawn?（但是我們究竟為什么要打哈欠呢？）”是個(gè)問(wèn)句，選項(xiàng)C“沒(méi)有人準(zhǔn)確地知道，但有很多理論”承接上文問(wèn)句，引出下文答案。下文“Onetheoryisthat…（有一種理論認(rèn)為……）”是答案之一。選項(xiàng)中manytheories和下文Onetheory相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Onetheoryisthatwhenweareboredortired,wejustdon’tbreatheasdeeplyasweusuallydo.（有一種理論認(rèn)為，當(dāng)我們感到無(wú)聊或乏累時(shí)，我們不會(huì)像平常那樣深呼吸。）”說(shuō)明我們乏累時(shí)呼吸變淺了，選項(xiàng)G“依據(jù)這個(gè)理論，我們的身體吸入的氧氣削減是因?yàn)槲覀兊暮粑兟恕笔菍?duì)這一理論進(jìn)一步科學(xué)說(shuō)明。上文Onetheory和選項(xiàng)中Thistheory相呼應(yīng)。下文“Therefore,yawninghelpsusbringmoreoxygenintothebloodandmovemorecarbondioxideoutoftheblood.（因此，打呵欠是一種我們無(wú)法真正限制的行為，以幫助我們限制我們的氧氣和二氧化碳水平。）”和選項(xiàng)G是因果關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“…butotherstudieshaveshownthatbreathingmoreoxygendoesnotmakeusyawnless.（……但其他探討表明，呼吸更多的氧氣并不會(huì)削減我們打哈欠的次數(shù)。）”說(shuō)明呼吸更多氧氣不會(huì)削減打哈欠的次數(shù)，選項(xiàng)F“同樣地，呼吸更多的二氧化碳也不會(huì)增加打哈欠的次數(shù)”與上文對(duì)應(yīng)，說(shuō)明打哈欠的次數(shù)不會(huì)因?yàn)楹粑鯕舛趸嫉亩嗌侔l(fā)生變更。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Nowwhat?（現(xiàn)在怎么辦？）”是問(wèn)句，選項(xiàng)D“另一種理論認(rèn)為打哈欠會(huì)拉伸肺和肺組織”承接問(wèn)句，給出另一種答案。下文“Stretchingandyawningmaybeawaytorelaxmusclesandjoints,increaseheartrate,andfeelmoreawake.（伸展和打哈欠可能是放松肌肉和關(guān)節(jié)，提高心率，感覺(jué)更醒悟的一種方式。）”是對(duì)選項(xiàng)D的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)中stretches和下文Stretching語(yǔ)義相關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】下文“Ifyouyawninclass,you’llprobablynoticeafewotherpeoplewillstartyawning,too.（假如你在課堂上打哈欠，你可能會(huì)留意到其他一些人也會(huì)起先打哈欠。）”說(shuō)明打哈欠會(huì)傳染擴(kuò)散。選項(xiàng)A“它好像在擴(kuò)散”位于段首，點(diǎn)明本段主題。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Tenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeopleare___21___intherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersconsistentlyexperiencedillfortune.Iplaced___22___innationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlylucky___23___unluckytocontactme.Hundredsofextraordinarymenandwomenvolunteeredformy___24___.OvertheyearsIinterviewedthem,watchedtheirlivesandhadthem___25___variousexperiments.Icarriedoutasimple___26___todiscoverwhethertheirdifferencesin___27___wasduetodifferencesintheirabilityto___28___opportunities.Igavebothluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,andaskedthemtolook___29___itandtellmehowmanyphotographswereinside.Ihad___30___placedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspapersaying…"Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandwin$50."This___31___tookuphalfofthepageandwaswrittenintypethatwasmorethantwoincheshigh.Itwasstaringeveryonestraightintheface,buttheunluckypeopletendedto___32___itandtheluckypeopletendedtospotit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymore___33___thanluckypeople,andthisanxietyaffectstheirabilitytonoticethe___34___.Asaresult,theyfailtotakeopportunitiesbecausetheyaretoo___35___onlookingforsomethingelse.Theylookthroughnewspapers___36___tofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmiss___37___typesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemore___38___andopen,andthereforeseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhattheyarelookingfor.Myresearcheventuallyshowedthatluckypeoplecreategoodfortuneviafour___39___.Theyareskilledat___40___andnoticingchanceopportunities,makeluckydecisionsbylisteningtotheirintuition(直覺(jué)),createself-fulfillingprophesies(預(yù)言)viapositiveexpectations,andadopta"neversaydie"attitudethattransformsbadluckintogood.21.A.sometimes B.never C.always D.seldom22A.speeches B.notices C.reports D.news23.A.or B.and C.but D.either24.A.game B.adventure C.competition D.research25.A.lookinto B.learnabout C.participatein D.carryout26.A.observation B.discussion C.contest D.experiment27.A.attitude B.luck C.lifestyle D.manner28.A.share B.create C.spot D.predict29.A.after B.over C.at D.through30.A.carelessly B.hesitantly C.secretly D.excitedly31.A.advertisement B.message C.research D.introduction32.A.remember B.miss C.use D.misunderstand33.A.nervous B.happy C.confused D.pitiful34.A.unexpected B.dangerous C.important D.difficult35.A.relaxed B.strict C.dependent D.focused36.A.confident B.creative C.determined D.upset37.A.other B.theother C.others D.another38.A.dependent B.hardworking C.anxious D.relaxed39.A.principles B.aims C.preferences D.steps40.A.ignoring B.creating C.taking D.adopting【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C31.B32.B33.A34.A35.D36.C37.A38.D39.A40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)試驗(yàn)總結(jié)出：幸運(yùn)的人擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)建并留意到機(jī)遇，聽從直覺(jué)做出幸運(yùn)的確定，通過(guò)主動(dòng)的期望創(chuàng)建自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言，并實(shí)行“永不言棄”的看法將厄運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹眠\(yùn)。

【詳解】1.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道為什么有些人總是在正確的時(shí)間處在正確的地方，而另一些人卻總是遭遇不幸。A.sometimes有時(shí)；B.never從不；C.always總是；D.seldom很少。此處通過(guò)while可知，作者把幸運(yùn)的人和不幸運(yùn)的人進(jìn)行了對(duì)比：有些人“總是”在正確的時(shí)間處在正確的地方，而另一些人卻“總是”遭遇不幸。依據(jù)后面的“consistently（始終如一地，總是）”可知，應(yīng)選擇其同義詞always。故選C。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在全國(guó)性的報(bào)紙上刊登了布告，讓那些感到幸運(yùn)或不幸的人聯(lián)系我。A.speeches演講；B.notices通知，布告；C.reports報(bào)告；D.news新聞，消息。依據(jù)文章第一句“Tenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.”可知，作者是要進(jìn)行有關(guān)運(yùn)氣的調(diào)研，因此作者在報(bào)紙上發(fā)布通知找尋調(diào)查對(duì)象。故選B。3.考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我在全國(guó)性報(bào)紙上刊登了廣告，讓那些感到幸運(yùn)或不幸的人聯(lián)系我。A.or或者；B.and和；C.but但是；D.either要么。依據(jù)上文中“peoplewhofeltconsistentlylucky”及下文“unluckytocontactme.”可知，此處表示選擇關(guān)系，故選A。4.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)百名杰出的男女志愿者參與了我的探討。A.game嬉戲；B.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；C.competition競(jìng)賽；D.research探討。結(jié)合上文“Iplaced2innationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlylucky3unluckytocontactme.”可知，作者讓那些感到幸運(yùn)或不幸的人聯(lián)系自己，是為了讓人來(lái)參與作者的探討。故選D。5.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：多年來(lái)，我采訪了他們，關(guān)注他們的生活，并讓他們參與了各種試驗(yàn)。A.lookinto調(diào)查；B.learnabout了解；C.participatein參與；D.carryout執(zhí)行。依據(jù)上文中“Iplaced2innationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlylucky3unluckytocontactme.”可知，作者讓那些感到幸運(yùn)或不幸的人聯(lián)系自己，是為了讓人來(lái)參與作者的探討。所以作者找尋調(diào)查對(duì)象，讓他們參與有關(guān)運(yùn)氣的調(diào)研。故選C。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的試驗(yàn)，以發(fā)覺(jué)他們的運(yùn)氣差異是否是由于發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)的實(shí)力差異所致。A.observation視察；B.discussion探討；C.contest競(jìng)賽；D.experiment試驗(yàn)。結(jié)合上文“variousexperiments”可知，此處是指通過(guò)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的試驗(yàn)，來(lái)發(fā)覺(jué)運(yùn)氣差異是否是由于發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)的實(shí)力差異所致。故選D。7.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的試驗(yàn)，以發(fā)覺(jué)他們的運(yùn)氣差異是否是由于發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)的實(shí)力差異所致。A.attitude看法；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.lifestyle生活方式；D.manner方式。由文章第一句話“examineluck”可知，作者是要進(jìn)行有關(guān)運(yùn)氣的調(diào)研，luck是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。8.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的試驗(yàn)，以發(fā)覺(jué)他們的運(yùn)氣差異是否是由于發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)的實(shí)力差異所致。A.share共享；B.create創(chuàng)建；C.spot發(fā)覺(jué)；D.predict預(yù)料。依據(jù)下一段中的“theluckypeopletendedtospotit”可知，幸運(yùn)的人會(huì)留意到這條消息。即幸運(yùn)的人能夠發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)，spot是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。9.考查介詞辨析。句意：我給了幸運(yùn)的人和不幸運(yùn)的人一份報(bào)紙，讓他們閱讀，然后告知我里面有多少?gòu)堈掌?。A.after在……之后；B.over穿越；C.at在（某處）；D.through穿過(guò)。此處考查短語(yǔ)lookthrough表示“閱讀”報(bào)紙。后文Theylookthroughnewspapers也有提示。故選D。10.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我在報(bào)紙的中間位置隱私地放了一條惹眼的消息，內(nèi)容是：“告知試驗(yàn)者你已經(jīng)看到了這則消息，你將贏得50美元”。A.carelessly馬虎地；B.hesitantly遲疑地；C.secretly隱私地；D.excitedly激烈地。作者進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的試驗(yàn)，以發(fā)覺(jué)他們的運(yùn)氣差異是否是由于發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)的實(shí)力差異所致，因此作者為了對(duì)比參與調(diào)研者的區(qū)分，“隱私地”在報(bào)紙上加了一則消息。故選C。11.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這條消息占了一半的版面，而且是用兩英寸多高的字體寫的。A.advertisement廣告；B.message消息；C.research探討；D.introduction介紹。依據(jù)上文“placedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspaper”可知此處指上文提到的那條消息。故選B。12.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它正對(duì)著每個(gè)人的臉，但是不幸的人很簡(jiǎn)潔錯(cuò)過(guò)它，幸運(yùn)的人很簡(jiǎn)潔發(fā)覺(jué)它。A.remember記??；B.miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；C.use運(yùn)用；D.misunderstand誤會(huì)。依據(jù)本句中的spot及but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應(yīng)選擇spot（發(fā)覺(jué)）的反義詞miss“錯(cuò)過(guò)”。故選B。13.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的人通常比幸運(yùn)的人更加驚惶，這種焦慮會(huì)影響他們發(fā)覺(jué)超出想象的東西的實(shí)力。A.nervous驚惶的；B.happy歡樂(lè)的；C.confused困惑的；D.pitiful憐憫的。由下文中“anxiety”可知，此處選擇與其詞義相近的詞nervous。故選A。14.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的人通常比幸運(yùn)的人更加驚惶，這種焦慮會(huì)影響他們發(fā)覺(jué)超出想象的東西的實(shí)力。A.unexpected未預(yù)料到的；B.dangerous危急的；C.important重要的；D.difficult困難的。依據(jù)下一句“Asaresult,theyfailtotakeopportunities”可知，結(jié)果，他們錯(cuò)過(guò)了一些意想不到的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。15.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，他們錯(cuò)過(guò)了機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)樗麄兲珜Ｗ⒂谡覍て渌臇|西。A.relaxed放松的；B.strict嚴(yán)格的；C.dependent依靠的；D.focused用心的。依據(jù)后文“Theylookthroughnewspapers16tofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmiss17typesofjobs.”Theygotogatheringsfocusedon可知是專注于找尋其他東西。befocusedon表示“集中于”。故選D。16.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們閱讀報(bào)紙，決心找到某些工作而錯(cuò)過(guò)了其他的工作。A.confident自信的；B.creative有創(chuàng)建性的；C.determined堅(jiān)決的；D.upset不快樂(lè)的。依據(jù)上一句的“focusedon”可知，他們的心思總是集中在某一處，很堅(jiān)決，從而錯(cuò)過(guò)了很多機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。17.考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：他們閱讀報(bào)紙，決心找到某些工作而錯(cuò)過(guò)了其他的工作。A.other其它的；B.theother兩者中的另一個(gè)；C.others其它的（人或物）；D.another另一個(gè)。依據(jù)上文“tofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmiss”及下文中“typesofjobs”可知此處指決心找到某些工作而錯(cuò)過(guò)了其他的工作。故選A。18.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的人更加放松和開放，因此看到有機(jī)會(huì)就在眼前，而不僅僅是在找尋心中的目標(biāo)。A.dependent依靠的；B.hardworking努力的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.relaxed放松的。依據(jù)上一段的anxiety可知，不幸的人很驚惶很焦慮，作為對(duì)比，幸運(yùn)的人應(yīng)當(dāng)是放松的。故選D。19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的探討最終表明，幸運(yùn)的人通過(guò)四個(gè)原則創(chuàng)建好運(yùn)。A.principles原則；B.aims目標(biāo)；C.preferences偏愛(ài)；D.steps步驟?？崭窈蟮木渥邮菍?duì)空格處的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明，即幸運(yùn)的人創(chuàng)建好運(yùn)所依靠的四個(gè)原則。故選A。20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的人擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)建并留意到機(jī)遇，聽從直覺(jué)做出幸運(yùn)的確定，通過(guò)主動(dòng)的期望創(chuàng)建自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言，并實(shí)行“永不言棄”的看法將厄運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹眠\(yùn)。。A.ignoring忽視；B.creating創(chuàng)建；C.taking拿走；D.adopting接受。依據(jù)前文的“theluckypeopletendedtospotit”可知，幸運(yùn)的人很簡(jiǎn)潔發(fā)覺(jué)機(jī)會(huì)，即他們擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)建機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OurlocalCommunityYouthClubis___41___verypopularorganizationwithyoungpeopleinmytown.Asamember,inthepastfouryears,I___42___(take)partinalotofinterestingprojects,___43___(include)activitiessuchasholidaycampsanddiscosaswellassomesocialworktohelppeopleinourneighbourhood.Recentlythecluborganizedavisittothelocaloldpeople'shom