Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重點(diǎn)單詞測(cè)試課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版

B1U5LauguaesAroundTheWorldVocabularyUsageVocabulariesPart11.attituden.2.referto...--referencen.3.despiteprep.4.basedadj.--basev.&n.5.datebackto...6.varietyn.7.majoradj.&n.v.8.meansn.9.regardn.&v.10.charactern.11.affairn.12.appriciatev.1.attituden[C]&[U]

態(tài)度；看法：態(tài)度決定高度。Attitudedeterminesaltitude.對(duì)...持積極的態(tài)度have/take/developapositiveattitudeto/towards...Weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife.2008遼寧書(shū)面表達(dá)

姿勢(shì)：Herhandswerefoldedinanattitudeofprayer(祈禱).2.referto...閱讀理解中隨處可見(jiàn)的refertoWhatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto （2020全國(guó)卷I閱讀B篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumble”inparagraph2referto

（2019全國(guó)卷I閱讀B篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph6referto(2021高一第一學(xué)年度期中考試)①referto指的是eg.Theword“phubber”referstothepeoplewhoareburiedintheirsmartphoneswithoutcaringaboutothers.phubbern.低頭族refer(...)to

談到；提到Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.

查閱；參考

(consult)WhilegivingtheEnglishspeech,contestantsarenotallowedtorefertothenotes.

查字典refertothedictionary查單詞？5

把……交送給：Thebosssaid,afterheretired(退休),hewouldrefer

thebusinessto

hiselderson.reference/?refr?ns/

n

[C]&[U]提及；涉及：[U]查閱；參考；[C]參考書(shū)目：

參考書(shū)referencebooksin/withreferenceto關(guān)于；根據(jù)……而論；考慮到：考慮到你的安全，我不建議你參加這個(gè)比賽。Inreferencetoyoursafety,Isuggestyou(should)notparticipateinthematch.

3.despiteprep.即使,盡管

despite=inspiteof+名詞/代詞/doingeg.Inspiteofupsanddowns,shenevergaveintothefate(命運(yùn)).evenif/eventhough即使,雖然+句子

though/although即使,雖然+句子

(連詞)(1)Myparentsloveme_______________myshortcomings.(2)___________thefactthatMr.Liisveryrich,heleadsasimplelife.(3)____________hefailedthecompetition,heneverloseheart.(3)Johnisagoodbasketballplayer_____________beingshortandthin.(4)___________theearthquakestruckTangshan,itstillrevivedandgotbackonitsfeet.despiteorevenifdespiteDespiteEvenifdespiteEvenif■

n[C]基部(bottom)；基礎(chǔ)；總部；基地：Plantsarethebaseofthefoodchain.

ThebaseofBaiduisinBeijing,withmanybranches(分公司)acrossthecountry.4.base

■

vtbaseAon/uponB把A建立在B的基礎(chǔ)之上我把自己的觀點(diǎn)建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上。Ibasedmyopiniononfacts.=Myopinionwasbasedonfacts.bebasedon依據(jù)...,以...為基礎(chǔ)

Thefilm_________________(base)onatruestory,anditisverypopular．＝____________(base)onatruestory,thefilmisverypopular．4.baseisbasedonBased--basedadj[構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞]……為基礎(chǔ)的：computer-basedteachingAtthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.adj.basicVocabularyisthemostbasicrequirementinEnglishlearning.5.dateback(to...)

datebackto...＝datefrom...

+時(shí)間點(diǎn)追溯到……(1)

據(jù)信，中國(guó)書(shū)法至少可以追溯到漢代。ItisbelievedthatChinesecalligraphydatesbacktoatleasttheHanDynasty.(2)

每天有許多游客在這座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthetower,_______________________asearlyas800yearsago.(3)Thetower_________________________________(追溯到800年前的)attractsanumberoftouristseveryday.whichdatesbacktodatingbackto800yearsago牢記datebackto只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)喲！6.varietyn.多樣化；種類(lèi)Chinesefoodisfamousforitswidevariety.a(wide)varietyof...＝varietiesof

...

種類(lèi)繁多的variousadj.不同的；各種各樣的varyvt.&vi.改變；變化varyfromAtoB從A到B不等Awide___________ofactivitieshavebeenofferedto__________studentsafterclassinthelastthreemonths.Theseactivities_______fromplayingtabletennistoplayingchess.varietyvariousvary7.major

■adj

[常用于名詞前]主要的；重要的verylargeorimportant反minor：Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulation.

2011廣東主修科目majorsubjects■n[C](大學(xué)里的)主修科目；主修(某科目的)學(xué)生：IthinkIshouldchangemymajortoarthistory.AreyouanEnglishmajor既可指主修的科目，也可指主修某科目的學(xué)生■vi

主修；專(zhuān)攻：HeinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.8.meansn[單復(fù)數(shù)同形]手段；方法awayofdoingsthorachievingsthWatchingfilmsisregardedasagoodmeansofentertainment.2017江蘇書(shū)面表達(dá)ameansoftransportation交通方式byallmeans盡一切辦法；務(wù)必；[表示答應(yīng)]當(dāng)然可以(ofcourse)：Pleasebyallmeanshandinthereportontime.—CanIuseyourcar—Byallmeans.bymeansof[正式用語(yǔ)]借助；依靠：Thisisatwo-yearcoursetaughtbymeansoflectures.bythismeans通過(guò)這種方式=bynomeans決不；一點(diǎn)也不notatallbynomeans位于句首時(shí)，句子多用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。遇到困難時(shí)我們絕不能喪失信心。Bynomeansshouldweloseheartwhenmeetingdifficulties.

[U][正式用語(yǔ)]尊重respectoradmirationforsb/sth：

Burthadhighregardforhisoldlawprofessor.9.regard

[正式用語(yǔ)]關(guān)注attentiontoorcareforsb/sth：

Shehasnoregardforotherpeople’sfeelings.

[用復(fù)數(shù)]問(wèn)候；致意：Pleasegivemyregardstoyourparents.with/inregardtosth[正式用語(yǔ)]關(guān)于某事=regarding.../about...Withregardtoreading,thereisasayingthatthereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople’seyes.

n[不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)]

把……看作；認(rèn)為……是

tothinkaboutsb/sthinaparticularway：regardAasB認(rèn)為A是BNeverregardstudyasaduty.Eventothisday,Lincolnis

regardedas(被認(rèn)為)oneofthemostinspiringfiguresintheworld.

9.regard

vt亞伯拉罕·林肯（AbrahamLincoln，1809－1865），美國(guó)第16任總統(tǒng)。10.character/?k?r?kt?(r)/詞源character來(lái)自希臘語(yǔ)kharakter“刻下的印記”，詞源同carve。由此產(chǎn)生了

character

的詞源義“符號(hào)”、“印記”。古希臘人認(rèn)為，環(huán)境和人的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷會(huì)在人的身心留下印記，從而使其具有與眾不同的性格特征，因此character又衍生出“性格、個(gè)性、特征”的含義。在文學(xué)、戲劇等藝術(shù)作品中，作者通過(guò)對(duì)人物性格的刻畫(huà)，從而塑造出個(gè)性鮮明的人物，這種“人物角色”也被稱(chēng)為character。楔形文字甲骨文竹簡(jiǎn)10.character

n

[C]符號(hào)；文字：amusicalcharacter

Chinesecharacters

[U]特色；特性thequalitiesthatmakesb/sthdifferentfromothers

Thewholecharacteroftheschoolhaschangedsincehebecamethepresident.

[C][常用單數(shù)]性格：Shehasacheerfulbutquietcharacter.

[U](好的)品性；道德品質(zhì)strongpersonalqualities：Sportscanbegoodforcharacterbuilding.

[C]人物；角色：cartooncharacters

aleadingcharacterinafilm

印記基本義charactercharacter語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖表達(dá)思想、傳遞信息等的印記性格特色；特性(好的)品性；道德品質(zhì)人物；角色符號(hào)；文字在某物或某地刻下的印記環(huán)境和成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷在人身上刻下的印記在人身上深深刻下的、好的印記在歷史、影視等中刻下印記的人11.affair/??fe?(r)/

n[C]

[用復(fù)數(shù)]事務(wù)importantpersonal,business,national,etc.matters：theMinistryofForeignAffairs

current/international/business/globalaffairs

[常用單數(shù)]事件；事情aneventorsituation：theWatergateaffair

曖昧關(guān)系；私情：haveanaffairwithsb與某人有曖昧關(guān)系aloveaffair風(fēng)流韻事12.appreciate

vt[不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)]基本義：tounderstandsth

理解；明白

tounderstandsth(aproblem,situation,etc.)IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciate

whatmyparentshaddoneforme.

欣賞；賞識(shí)tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsborsthis.Histalentsaren’tappreciatedbyhisboss,whichmakeshimdepressed.

感激；感謝

tobegrateful/thankfulforsth①appreciate(sb)doingsth:Ireallyappreciateworking(work)withsomeonewhodoessuchagoodjob.②I’dappreciateitif…:如果您能給我這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)我將不勝感激。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemetheopportunity欣賞；賞識(shí)感激；感謝欣賞；賞識(shí)；鑒賞appreciateappreciation感激；感謝理解；明白理解；認(rèn)識(shí)詞匯拓展appreciation

n[U]1.Shehadnoappreciationofthedifficultieswewerefacing.2.ChineseartshavewontheappreciationofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.3.Iwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtoyouall.appreciativeadj=Iamappreciativeofyourtimelyhelp.VocabulariesPart21.specificadj.2.strugglen.&v.3.begv.4.equaln.&adj.5.demandn.&v.6.descriptionn.--describev.7.relatev.--relateto...8.the+比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)...1.specific/sp??s?f?k/adj.Scanning(尋讀)islookingatthetextquicklytofindspecificinformation,suchasdatesornumbers.a.detailedorexact具體的，詳細(xì)的eg.Inthisarticle,youneedtobackupgeneralstatementswith_____________________(具體的例子).specificexampleseg.Themoneyisintendedtobeusedforspecific

purposes.b.particular特定的，特有的eg.您可以詳細(xì)地說(shuō)明您的需求嗎？Canyoubemorespecificaboutyourneedsspecificpurposes特定用途2.struggle/?str?ɡ(?)l/n.WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmymind.a.--n.斗爭(zhēng)，搏斗；難事；掙扎eg.Choosingmajorsisastruggleformoststudents.eg.Nevergiveupwithoutstruggle.b.--n.奮斗；努力(hardwork,effort)2.struggle/?str?ɡ(?)l/v.a.Hawkinghadbeenstrugglingwithillnessforyears.b.Tinastruggledupthestairswithaheavysuitcase.

c.NelsonMandelastruggledfortherightofblackpeople.a.與……斗爭(zhēng)：strugglewith/against...b.艱難地行進(jìn):strugglealong/through/up/outof...c.為……奮斗/努力:strugglefor...struggletodo...2.struggle/?str?ɡ(?)l/v.d.Thoughbornwithoutfeet,NickVujicicstrugglestohisfeetallhislife.struggletoone’sfeet

掙扎著站起來(lái)e.Whenlearningphysicsandmath,Iamstruggling.sb.bestruggling某人在苦苦掙扎(1)Manystudentswillstruggle_________(find)asenseofbelongingafterenteringcollege.(2)Likeitornot,ouradultliveswillstruggle_________money.(3)Mostofhiselderlifehasbeenalosingstruggle______________debt(債務(wù))andmisfortune(不幸).(4)Themantookalong,deepbreath,____________(struggle)tocontrolhisownemotions.2.struggle/?str?ɡ(?)l/n.&v.tofindforwith/againststruggling3.begv.(begged,begging)Ibegyourpardon.請(qǐng)你在說(shuō)一遍好嗎？/你說(shuō)什么？(略生氣)a.請(qǐng)求；乞求我請(qǐng)求你(您)的原諒。/對(duì)不起。eg.他們向我求助。Theybeggedmeforhelp/afavour.beg(sb.)forsth.向某人請(qǐng)求/懇求......eg.PercyButtonsisabeggar,whooftenbegsforamealandsomebeerfromhisneighbours.b.乞討---n.乞丐：beggar4.equaln.IfIamtalkingtoaclosefriend,Icanuseshortrequests(請(qǐng)求),like“Openthewindow”--ourrelationshipiscloseandwe’reequals,soIonlyneedafewwordstobridgethegapbetweenus.如果我是跟一位好朋友說(shuō)話，我可以用簡(jiǎn)短的請(qǐng)求，比如

“打開(kāi)窗戶”，這是因?yàn)槲覀兊年P(guān)系親密，彼此平等，所以我只需要幾個(gè)字就能消除我們之間的隔閡(讓對(duì)方明白我的意思).equaln.同等的人/相等物eg.(1)Thegoodthingaboutherasabossisthatshetreatsusallasequals.hasnoequal沒(méi)有對(duì)手；無(wú)可匹敵(2)Asanall-roundathlete(全能運(yùn)動(dòng)員)hehasnoequal(=no-oneelseisasgoodashim).4.equaladj.(1)Tosomebusinessmen,timeandmoneyareequalinvalue(價(jià)值).(2)Allhumanbeingsareequal.(3)ThesceneryinChinaisequaltoanyintheworld.(4)Withvariousskills,heisequaltoanyjobinthecompany.在……方面相等：beequalin(size/height/value...)平等的比得上……；與……同樣出色：beequalto...(人)能勝任……：beequalto...1.InSeniorHighSchool,makingeffortsandorganizingyourtimeare__________(equal)important.2.Theyliveandworktogetherincomplete(完全的)_________(equal)andbrotherhood(兄弟情誼).equallyequallyad.平等地equalityequalityn.平等我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，夢(mèng)想這國(guó)家要高舉并履行其信條的真正涵義；我們信守這些不言自明的真理：人人生而平等?！R丁·路德·金Allmenarecreatedequal.人人生而平等。4.equalv.等于；比得上：(1)Threeplusnine

equals/is

twelve.(2)Nootherfemaleequalsherinstrength.5.demand/d??mɑ?nd//d??m?nd/n.ButifI’mtalkingtosomeonewhoisn’tveryclosetome,Imustmakemyrequestlonger—andImustmakeitaquestion,notademand,e.g.,“Couldyouopenthewindow,please”demandn.要求

astrongrequestororderthatmustbeobeyedeg.Theemployersagreedtomeettheworkers’demandforhigherpay.滿足某人的要求：meet/satisfyone’sdemand(for)...demandn.(顧客)需要；(市場(chǎng))需求eg.(1)Themarketdependsondemandandsupply....in(great)demand...需求大；...(迫切)需求中(2)好老師總是很受歡迎。(2)Goodteachersarealwaysin(great)demand.(1)Thisisaverydifficultpieceofmusictoplay-it___________(demand)alotofconcentration.(2)She

demanded___________(know)thetruth.(3)Thelibrariandemandedthatthebooks_____________________(put)backtotherightplace.5.demand/d??mɑ?nd//d??m?nd/v.demandstoknow(should)beput要求……：demandsth要求做……：demandtodo...要求某人做某事：demandthatsb.(should)do...要求某事被做：demandthatsth.(should)bedone.--demandingadj.(1)Policeworkisphysicallydemandingandstressful.(2)MybossissodemandingthatIhavetopushmyselftothelimit.(3)She'saverydemandingchild,whichoftenannoysherparents.(1)耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的,要求高的;(2)苛刻的;(3)難滿足的,不省心的6.descriptionn.描寫(xiě)；描述Doesthewritergiveacleardescriptionoftheproblemgiveaclear/detailed/briefdescriptionof...對(duì)……進(jìn)行清晰的/詳細(xì)的/簡(jiǎn)短的描述Thescenerythereisso