2021-2022學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)Unit5WorkingtheLand含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)（五）（Unit5）

（120分鐘150分）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

Text1

W:It'snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o'clocktrain,you'dbettergonow.

M:Don'tworry.I'11drivetothestation.

W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.11f11

gotothesquaremarket.

1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.

C.Goshopping.

答案：C

Text2

M:rirthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.

W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?

M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,myhouseistoosmall.

2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?

A.Tobenearhisoffice.B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.

C.Togotoagoodschool.

答案：B

Text3

M:It'sverycoldinhere.Ifmgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplace

upalittle.

W:WhydoyouthinkI'mdrinkinghotchocolate?Here,takethisblanket.The

heaterisn'tworkingrightnow.

3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?

A.Useablanket.

B.Turnontheheater.

C.Drinksomehotchocolate.

答案：A

Text4

W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don'tyouthinkso,1Darning?

M:‘I'mafraidit'sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.

4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?

A.Susan.B.Darning.

C.Daming,sbrother.

答案：B

Text5

W:Whendidtheplanearrive?

M:Ataquarterpasteleven.

W:“Doyouthinkyou,11recognizeJoewhenyouseehim?

M:Idon,tknow.Ihaven'tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshave

passed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.

5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?

A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.

B.Talkingabouttheirplan.

C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.

答案：A

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

Text6

M:Wow!Niceplace!I'veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.

W:Thanks.'Thisarea'scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn'tverycentral,butIchose

itbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.

M:Yeah,youhaveawholeextraroom!

W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.

M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.

W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.

M:Lucky!You'vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.Fmsohappyforyou!

Let'scelebrate!⑦Letmetakeyoutodinner.

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inanofficedowntown.

B.Inanapartmentdowntown.

C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.

答案：C

7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?

A.Gettowork.B.Gotoarestaurant.

C.VisitthewomanJscompany.

答案：B

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

Text7

M:Hey,Helen!,HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?

W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.

M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.

W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?

M:India.

W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?

M:No.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoVveappliedtotheIndian

InstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.

W:Yeah!That'syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.

M:Thankyou.

8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?

A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.

B.IntheUniversityofOxford.

C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.

答案：A

9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?

A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.

答案：C

聽第8段材料，回答第10?12題。

Text8

W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?

M:Speaking.Who'scalling?MayIask?

W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisaposition

whichwethinkfityouwell.Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.

M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?

W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It'sthekindofjobyouwould

liketodo,"asismentionedinyourE-mail.

M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.

W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowethink

youarejusttherightpersonforthejob.

M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?

W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,butthework

hoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateinthe

afternoon.

M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalk

itoverwithmywife?

W:Whydon'tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?

M:OK,"seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!

10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?

A.Torecommendajob.

B.Tomaintaintheequipment.

C.Toworkasalabassistant.

答案：A

11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?

A.Smithcalledthecenter.

B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.

C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.

答案：B

12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?

A.Tomorrowmorning.

B.Thismorning.

C.Tomorrowafternoon.

答案：A

聽第9段材料，回答第13?16題。

Text9

M:"Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.

W:Hi,howareyou?

M:Fine.AndI'vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.

W:Really?What'sitabout?

M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwillbe

runningfromMay26toMay30.I'msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.

W:Oh,that'sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...Itisapity

thatIcan,tmakeit.，4IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.

M:Well,置'msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee.

,Anothergame,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?

W:That'sgreat.1willbeonmyholidaythen.，6Itwouldbewonderfulifwecould

watchthegametogether.

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter'shome.

C.Inagym.

答案：A

14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?

A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.

B.Shewillstayathome.

C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.

答案：C

15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?

A.FromMay26toMay30.

B.FromMay25toJune2.

C.FromJuly15toJuly18.

答案：C

16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?

A.Beingonavacation.

B.Watchingthegametogether.

C.GoingtotheUS.

答案：B

聽第10段材料，回答第17?20題。

Text10

OneSundaymorning,Iwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebythebosswhen

Iwaswokenupbyaphonecall."Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehehadmy

friend'scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenightbefore.

Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.

Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.

18Itoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeitthere.

ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.”‘WhenIwalkedthereinhalfan

hour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn,tleaveanythingexceptforthecellphone.

Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soIdidn,t

gettimetovisithimandthereforedidn'tknowwherehewasliving.Ie-mailed

myfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtogetbackhis

cellphone."Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthewarm-hearted

driver.

17.WhocalledMike'sfriendonaSundaymorning?

A.Mike.B.Ataxidriver.

C.Hisboss.

答案：B

18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?

A.HemailedittoMike.

B.HehandedittoMike'sfriend.

C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.

答案：C

19.HowdidMike,sfriendgettothetaxicentre?

A.Hegotthereonfoot.

B.Hetookataxi.

C.Hedrovethere.

答案：A

20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?

A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.

B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.

C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.

答案：C

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

OurnewchildcarelocationinScheveningen!

Thecenterissurroundedbynumerousinternationalinstitutesand

embassiesandisconvenientlylocatedjust10minutesfromTheHaguecity

center.YoucaneasilypickupanddropoffyourchildthankstothemanyBl^^Kids

parkingspacesclosetotheentrance.

Ourservices

BigBenKidsprovidesdaycare,preschoolcareandafter-schoolcare.Ouractivity

programmeincludeslanguagelessons,violinlessons,guitarlessonsandmuchmore.

Activitiesareheldindoors,butcanalsobeexternal,suchasswimmingintheriver,

andfieldtripstothewoods.Childrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenative

language-Dutch!Theylearnthroughplay.Ourcurriculumiscarefullydesignedin

suchawaythatthechildrendon,tevennoticehowmuchtheylearneachday.For

them,it'sallaboutplayingandhavingfun!

WhatdoesBigBenKidsofferyourfamily?

,Homelikeenvironment

Awarmandstimulating（趣味盎然的）atmospherethatallowschildrentogrowand

developsafely.

,Atrulyinternationalplace

Ourstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,justlikethefamiliesweserve.

Wearethereforeacutelyawarethatourcentersshouldbemuchmorethanplacesthat

simplycareforchildren.Wealwaysgotheextramile（力口倍努力）tohelpfamiliesand

trytobringeveryonetogethertoformafriendlyinternationalcommunity.

,Healthymeals

AtBigBenKids,weservetwowarm,healthy,homemademealseachday.Thesnacks

arenutritiousaswell,withlotsoffruitandvegetables.Parentsreceiveourmenu

everyweekinadvance.

【文章大意】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一家國(guó)際兒童托管中心的招生信息。

21.Wheredoesthecenterprobablylie?

A.Germany.B.France.

C.Holland.D.Sweden.

【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uChildrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenative

language—Dutch!”可知學(xué)生們?cè)谕泄苤行囊獙W(xué)習(xí)本土語(yǔ)一一荷蘭語(yǔ)，可以判斷這個(gè)中心很

可能位于荷蘭。

22.Whoisthecentermainlyintendedfor?

A.Foreignchildren.B.PreschoolchiIdren.

C.Nativechildren.D.Athleticchildren.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uOurstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,just

likethefamiliesweserve"可知這個(gè)兒童托管中心主要是針對(duì)生活在本市的外國(guó)孩子開

辦的。

23.Whatareparentsawareofabouttheirchildrenaheadoftime?

A.Whatactivitiestheirchildrenjoin.

B.Whatmealstheirchildrenareserved.

C.Howtheirchildrenperforminclass.

D.Whethertheirchildrenfinishhomework.

【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)^Parentsreceiveourmenueveryweekinadvance,,可

知，父母可以提前收到孩子們的菜單。由此可見(jiàn)父母對(duì)于孩子們?cè)谕泄苤行某允裁词欠浅Ｇ?/p>

楚的。

B

Kar-goistheinventionoftheUnitedKingdom-basedAcademyofRobotics,which

describesitas“Europe'sfirstroad-worthyautonomousdeliveryvehicle”.Using

AI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp一similartooneused

whenorderingataxi—allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesare

delivered.CompanieslikeTeslaandAmazonhaveinvestedheavilyinautonomous

vehicles,whichhavethepotentialtocreateaseaofchangesinbusinessandsociety.

Resemblingsomethinglikeagreeneggonwheels.Kar-go*saimistoreducethe

costofwhat'sknownasthe"lastmiledeliverychallenge”.Thisisthefinalstage

ofyouronlinepackage'sjourney,fromalocalwarehousetoyourfrontdoor.Labor

costs,payingdrivers,thecostoffuelandthevehiclecostsformaintainingsmall

vehiclesallcontributetomakingthisthemostexpensivepartofthedeliveryprocess.

ThefirstpartofthepackageJsjourneyisfarcheaper,withhighvolumesofpackages

beingtransportedtoandfromthesamelocation.However,attheotherend,drivers

deliversmallershipmentstoseveraldifferentlocations—wheretherecipientmay

notevenbeavailabletocollect.

WiththelatestAItechnology,Kar-gowilldelivergoodssafely,sustainablyand

instyle.TheAIvehicleusesspecialtechnologytobecomeanexpertonitsown

individualroute,learningfrompastexperiencesinordertohelpitselfdealwith

newfutureobstacles（障礙物）ontheroad.Kar-goalsohasitsveryowninternalsorting

system,allowingthevehicletotransportpackagesinthecorrectorderfordelivery.

By2030,theSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraderspredictstheautonomous

marketcouldadd￡62billionineconomicgrowthintheUK,creatingmorethan420,

000newjobs.Electric,self-driving,economicandcapableofworking24/7,Kar-go

promisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficient

solutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretail（零售）market.

【文章大意】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了號(hào)稱歐洲第一款適于行路的無(wú)人駕駛運(yùn)貨車

Kar-go,重點(diǎn)從設(shè)計(jì)背景，特點(diǎn)以及對(duì)未來(lái)網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售市場(chǎng)的影響等方面做了簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明。

24.FromthefirstparagraphweknowKar-go.

A.isanappusedtoorderataxi

B.isEurope?sfirstautonomousVehicle

C.hascreatedgreatchangesinbusinessandsociety

D.transportsgoodsatcustomersJconvenience

【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的"UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicle

offerscustomersanapp—similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi—allowingthemto

choosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.”可知，使用AI技術(shù)，這款自動(dòng)

駕駛送貨車給客戶提供了一款類似于打車軟件的應(yīng)用程序，從而使顧客可以決定其快遞的投

送時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，這為顧客帶來(lái)極大便利，D選項(xiàng)符合文章描述。

25.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?

A.HowKar-godeliversthegoods.

B.WhatchallengesKar-gomayface.

C.Howthedriversreducedeliverycost.

D.Whythelastmiledeliveryisexpensive.

【解析】選D。段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段重點(diǎn)介紹了最后一英里運(yùn)輸成本為什

么高。故D選項(xiàng)最合適。

26.WhatistheadvantageoftheAItechnologyusedbyKar-go?

A.Ithasanadvancedinternalsortingsystem.

B.Itenablesvehiclestoworkmoreefficiently.

C.Itmakesadriverbecomeanexpertintraffic.

D.Ithelpspeoplecleannewobstaclesontheroad.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，該人工智能運(yùn)貨車可以使用特殊科技成為一個(gè)

在自己運(yùn)行路線方面的專家，并能夠從先前的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)，從而可以幫助它自己處理未來(lái)道

路上的新障礙，據(jù)此推斷人工智能技術(shù)可以使Kar-go運(yùn)貨車的工作效率更高，故B選項(xiàng)最合

適。

27.WhatinfluencedoesKar-gohaveontheUK?

A.Itwillcreateover420,000jobsfordrivers.

B.Itwillreducethedeliverycostbyupto90%.

C.Itmaycontributetothegrowthofonlinebusiness.

1）.ItmaymaketheUKleadintheautonomousmarket.

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmile

deliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficientsolutiontotherapid1y-expanding

onlineretailmarket.可知，Kar-go運(yùn)貨車能夠?qū)⒆詈笠挥⒗锏呢涍\(yùn)成本降低90%,從

而有效地解決快速發(fā)展的在線零售市場(chǎng)的運(yùn)輸難題，故C選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

C

Inanewstudy,researchersanalyzedinformationfrommorethan18,

000peoplewhoprovidedbloodsamples.Participantsreportedwhetherthey

exercisedregularly,andifso,whattypeofexercisestheytypicallydid.

Theresearchersthenscannedparticipants,blood,lookingforgenes（基

因）thataretiedtoanincreasedriskofobesity（月巴胖）.Next,the

researchersexaminedwhethercertainexercisesseemedtobalancethisrisk.

Overall,peoplewhoreporteddoinganytypeofregularexercisestendedtohave

alowerBMI（體重指數(shù)）thanthosewhodidn,t.Thiswastrueevenamongpeoplewho

weregeneticallyeasytobecomeoverweight.Butoneexercisestoodoutastheone

withthestrongestanti-obesityeffect:jogging.Participantswithobesitygeneswho

joggedtendedtohavealowerBMIthanpeoplewithsimilargeneticriskwhodidnot

jog.

Butforthosewholoalhejogging,fearnot:Fiveothertypesofexerciseswere

alsotiedtoalowerBMIamongindividualsatriskforobesity.Theseincludedmountain

climbing,ballroomdancingandwalking.Thebenefitsoftheseexerciseswerethe

biggestamongthosewiththegreatestgeneticriskofobesity.

Interestingly,severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegenetic

riskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.The

findingsdon'tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan,thelpwithweightcontrol.

It'sjustthattheydidn'tseemtocounteractthegenetictendencytogainweight.

Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthis.Theresearchersnotedthat,forthe

averageJoeorJane,cyclingandstretchingexercisestendtorequirelessenergy

thantheexercisesthatweretiedtoalowerobesityrisk.Inaddition,exercising

inwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite.

【文章大意】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交際舞

和散步也有利于降低肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。相反，騎自行車、做伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)和游泳等并不能幫助抵抗肥

胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)oathe“inthethirdparagraphmean?

A.Dislike.B.Display.

C.Disturb.D.Discourage.

【解析】選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞后面提供了其他幾項(xiàng)抵抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)?？梢?jiàn)畫線

詞所在句的意思是“對(duì)于那些不喜歡慢跑的人來(lái)說(shuō)，也不必?fù)?dān)心”。故可判斷l(xiāng)oathe是“不

喜歡，討厭”之意。

29.Whichexercisehastheleasteffectonbalancingobesitygenes?

A.Mountainclimbing.B.Ballroomdancing.

C.Runningslowly.D.Ridingabicycle.

【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"severalothertypesofexercisesfailedto

counteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercises

andswimming.”可知，騎自行車不能抵抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】A項(xiàng)具有較大的干擾性。原因是考生未能正確理解"severalothertypesof

exercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,

stretchingexercisesandswimming."，本句的意思是“一些其他類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)不能抵抗肥

胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括騎自行車、做伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)及游泳”。但這并不等于說(shuō)這些運(yùn)動(dòng)沒(méi)有減肥效果。

后面一句話“Thefindingsdon,tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan'thelpwith

weightcontrol”也清楚地說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn)。故A項(xiàng)不正確。

30.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?

A.Swimmingdoesn,thelponeloseweight.

B.Divingmaymakeapersoneatmorefood.

C.Averagepeopleputlessenergyintoexercises.

D.Stretchingexerciseswillbecomepopular.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句uInaddition,exercisinginwater,as

happenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite”可知水中運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)增加食欲。潛水屬

于水中運(yùn)動(dòng)，據(jù)此可判斷潛水可能使一個(gè)人飯量增加。

31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?

A.JoggingLessLeadstoGeneticObesity

B.RegularExercisesTendtoLowerBMI

C.WhetherExercisesBalanceRisksofObesityGenes

D.GenesAreVeryImportantforPeople'sWeightControl

【解析】選C。標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段

第一句可知，本文主要講的是運(yùn)動(dòng)是否能夠平衡肥胖基因的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，故C項(xiàng)是最佳答案。

D

Theclimatechangehasbecomeanissuethatnoonecanescapefrom.

Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,watershortageandpollution,

weallneedtochoose"flexitarian（彈性素食的）“diets,sayscientists.

Thismeanseatingmainlyplant-basedfood,whichisoneofthreekey

stepstowardsasustainablefutureforallin2050,theysay.Foodwaste

willneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprove,according

tothestudy.Withoutaction,theimpactsofthefoodsystemcouldincreasebyup

to90%.FastontheheelsofthelandmarkreportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelon

ClimateChange（IPCC）comesthisnewstudyonhowfoodproductionandconsumption

impactmajorthreatstotheplanet.

Theauthorssaythatthefoodsystemhasanumberofsignificantenvironmental

impactsincludingbeingamajordriverofclimatechange,providingfreshwaterand

reducingpollutionthroughoveruseofnitrogen（氮）andphosphorus（磷）.

Thestudysaysthatthankstothepopulationandincomegrowthexpectedbetween

2010and2050,theseimpactscouldgrowbetween50%一90%.Thiscouldpushourworld

beyonditsgeographicboundaries.Sowhenitcomestoclimatechange,theauthors

lookedatwhattheycalledalexitariandiet”.

“Wecaneatarangeofhealthydietsbutwhattheyallhaveincommon,according

tothelatestscientificevidence,isthattheyareallrelativelyplant-based,“

saidleadauthorDr.MarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxford.

“Youcangofromadietthathassmallamountsofanimalproducts;somemight

callitaMediterranean-baseddiet;wecallitaflexitariandiet.Wetriedtostay

withthemostconservativeoneofthesewhichinourviewistheflexitarianone,

buteventhishasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweek,“headded.

Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegas

emissions（排放）fromagriculturewouldbereducedbymorethanhalf.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，彈性素食飲食有助于改善環(huán)境。

32.Whatbenefitwillthenewdietsbringtotheworld?

A.Theanimalswillbesaved.

B.Peoplewillneedmorewater.

C.Theclimatechangewillstop.

D.Thepollutionwillbecontrolled.

【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,

watershortageandpollution,weallneedtochoose'flexitarian'diets,say

scientists.可知，通過(guò)選擇彈性素食飲食，人們可以限制氣候變化，緩解水資源短缺并

能減少污染。故選D。

33.Whatcanbecalleda“flexitarian"diet?

A.Eatanimalproductseverymeal.

B.Eatplant-basedvegetableseverymeal.

C.Eatmainlyvegetablesandnevereatanimalproducts.

D.Eatplant-basedmealmainlyandanimalproductssometimes.

【解析】選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Youcangofromadietthathassmallamounts

ofanimalproducts;somemightcallitaMediterranean-baseddiet...buteventhis

hasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweekM可知，彈性素食飲食主要是以蔬菜為基礎(chǔ)的

飲食，但每周至少也要吃一次紅肉。由此可推知，彈性素食飲食以蔬菜為主，肉食為輔。故

選D。

34.Whatwillhappenifthenewdietispopularglobally?

A.Theclimatewillbecomewarmer.

B.Thefoodconsumptionwillincrease.

C.Peoplewillhavelessgreenhousegas.

D.Peoplewillproducemorefoodwaste.

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,the

studyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbereducedbymore

thanhalf.”可知，如果全球都采取這種飲食方式，農(nóng)業(yè)所產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放量將減少一

半以上，即溫室氣體的產(chǎn)生量會(huì)變得更少。故選C。

35.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthortothenewdiet?

A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.

C.Opposed.D.Indifferent.

【解析1選A。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了彈性素食飲食有助于改善環(huán)境。

由此可推知，作者對(duì)這種飲食方式是支持的。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多

余選項(xiàng)。

Manypeople,includingsomesuccessfulmen,wearthesameclothingdailytofocus

theirdecision-makingenergyonmoreimportantthings.36Julia,anartteacher,

iswearingthesamedressforthefirst100daysofschooltocreateawarenessof

theenvironmentalcostsoffastfashion.

Availableonlineorfromvariousshops,itallowseveryonetoadoptthelatest

fashiontrendsinstantly.Thoughthatsoundslikeawin-winforall,therapidchange

instylesandtheaffordablepricesresultinimpulse（沖動(dòng)）purchases,manyofwhich

arethrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwice.37

Julia,sideaforthe“OneOutfit（月艮裝），100Days“beganasacommentshemade

toherhusbandduringthesummer.38Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlesson

forhernewstudents.Selectingaperfectoutfitforthechallengewasalittletricky.

Aftersomeconsideration.Juliasettledonaplaindress.Thoughshehasabackup

dress,Juliaplanstouseitonlyifabsolutelynecessary.

39Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleaguesandherhusbandtotakeup

thechallenge.Juliasaystheexperimenthasforcedhertorethinkherattitudetowards

clothes.Shevaluesthingsmorenow一respectingtheplanetforherchildrenandtrying

tovalueherselfinadifferentway,asopposedtocaringsomuchaboutwhatshelooks

like.40Reuse,recycle,and,mostimportantly,reduce.

A.Juliaisalsotiredofmakingdecisionsonsmallthings.

B.Theexperimenthasarousedcuriosityofmanystudents.

C.Julia's"OneOutfit,100Days“challenge,however,hasaselflessaim.

D.ThankstoJulia,sidea,thewholeschoolbegantofollowherchallenge.

E.Shehopesmorepeoplewilllearnfromherandapplythe3Rstotheirlife.

F.Over21billionpoundsofclothendsupbeingwasteyearlyintheUSalone.

G.Thinkingfurther,shedecideditwouldbeawaytoshowhereco-friendlylifestyle.

【文章大意】本文為記敘文。介紹了一位藝術(shù)老師Julia“一百天，一套衣服”的理念及其帶

來(lái)的改變和影響。

36.【解析】選C?？疾槌猩蠁⑾戮?。根據(jù)空前的"t。focustheirdecision-makingenergy

onmoreimportantthingsw和空后的“tocreateawarenessoftheenvironmentalcosts

offastfashionw可知，Julia的“一百天，一套衣服”挑戰(zhàn)不僅是為了把更多精力放在重

要的事情上，還是出于環(huán)保這一無(wú)私的目的。C項(xiàng)與上下文吻合，為正確選項(xiàng)。

37.【解析】選F?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)支撐句。根據(jù)空前的"impulsepurchases,manyofwhichare

thrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwicew可知，很多人沖動(dòng)之下買來(lái)的衣服穿

了一兩次后就被扔掉，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)為這一行為的后果，承接上文。

38.【解析】選G?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)支撐句?？涨疤岬健癰eganasacommentshemadetoherhusband

duringthesummer",G項(xiàng)"進(jìn)一步思考后，她決定這將是展現(xiàn)她環(huán)保生活方式的方法”承

接上文，且與空后的"Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlessonforhernewstudents”

吻合，為正確選項(xiàng)。

39.【解析】選B?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)支撐句。根據(jù)空后的“Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleagues

andherhusbandtotakeupthechallenge”可知，此處在講Julia的挑戰(zhàn)的影響，故B

項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，下文中的also和experiment也是提示。

【易錯(cuò)