Unit8知識點講解江蘇牛津譯林九年級上學期英語

20232024江蘇譯林九上第八單元知識點講解Teachingobjectives1.知識目標：學生能夠掌握第八單元的短語和詞匯2.技能目標：學生能夠掌握定語從句的用法及細節(jié)3.情感目標：學生能夠有意識地將知識點與考點結合Keypoints,Difficultpoints第八單元習題訓練Teachingprocedure：Ⅰ.Leadin閱讀下面文章,回答下面問題(來自經典原版教材readingexplorer1第五單元PartB）AtasteoftwocitiesThecityofSaoPaulo,Brazil,hashundredsofJapaneserestuarants.Aworldaway,inHamamatsu,Japan,therearemanyplacestobuyandeatBrazilianfood.Whyiseachcountry’sfoodsopopularintheother?Theanswertothisquestiondatesbacktotheearly20thcentury.In1908,peoplefromJapanbeganmovingtoBraziltoworkoncoffeeplantations.ManyoftheseJapaneseimmigrants(callednikkei)movedtoSaoPauloandsettledinaneighbourhoodcalledLiberdade.Likemanyimmigrants,theyspoketheirnativelanguageandpreparedtraditionalfoodsfromtheirhomecountry.Overtime,thenikkeiopenedmanyJapanesemarketsandrestaurantsintheLiberdadedistract.Today,thisneighbourhoodhasoneofthelargestJapanesemunitiesoutsideofJapan.Restaurantssellramennoodlesandsushioneverycorner.Also,eachweekend,thereisalargestreetmarket.Streetsellersselltraditionalgoodsandfoods.Theeventispopularwithbothcityresidentsandtourists.CriticalThinkingRelatingHasyourcountry’scuisinebeeninfluencedbyforeigncuisines?How?Discusswithapartnerandnoteyourideas.Includeexamplesofdishes.Ⅱ.Languagepoints:知識點01：Myfoodhasgonemissing.我的食物不見了（p106）「考點1」missing的用法【用法分析】missing是形容詞,意思為“缺失的,丟失的”Theyarelookingforthemissingbike.他們正在尋找那輛丟失的自行車。知識點0,錯過,沒趕上;思念,想念,思戀,留戀Imissyouverymuch.我非常想念你。Hewaslateforschoolthismorningbecausehemissedtheearlybus.他今早上上學遲到是因為他沒趕上早班車?！竟潭ù钆洹俊究荚囶}型】翻譯我的鋼筆丟了知識點03:IguessJimmywhiteislying.我猜吉米.懷特在說謊。（P107）「考點2」lie的用法【用法分析】lie是不及物動詞,意為“說謊”Don’tlietome!不要對我說謊！【考點拓展】,是可數名詞,平躺,在......位置Thelittleboyoftentellslies.那個小男孩經常說謊。Thecatlayonthesofa.那只貓臥在沙發(fā)上。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國東側。單詞詞義過去時過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說謊liedliedlying平躺位于laylainlyinglay產卵放置laidlaidlaying【考試題型】單選WherewereyouwhenIcalled?Ionthebed.liedB.lyingC.layD.waslying知識點04:...thevictimwaskilledsomewhereelseandthenbroughttoWestTown.........受害者是在別的地方被殺,然后被帶到西鎮(zhèn),......(P108)「考點3」Somewhere的用法【用法分析】somewhere是副詞,意為“在某處,到某處”。I’備注：注意排序技巧。不定代詞放在形容詞的前面【考試題型】單選Didyougolastsummerholiday?Yes,IwenttoShanghaiDisney.somewherespecialB.anywherespecialC.specialsomewhereD.specialanywhere知識點05:“We’reaskinganyonewhosawanythingunusualnearCornStreetlastnighttocontactus,”SaidDetectiveLu,WestTown’schiefdetective.“我們正在請求昨天晚上在谷街看見任何不尋常的事情的人來聯(lián)系我們,”陸偵探說,他是西鎮(zhèn)的首席偵探。（P108）「考點4」Contact的用法（可以作為補充）【用法分析】contact是及物動詞,意為“聯(lián)系”Pleasecontacthimbymytelephone.請用我的和他聯(lián)系。,聯(lián)絡,常構成的結構有:makecontactwith與......聯(lián)系,keepincontactwith,與......保持聯(lián)系,losecontactwith與......失去聯(lián)系?！究荚囶}型】翻譯我最終和他取得了聯(lián)系（擴展題）知識點06:,結果失血過多而死。（p108）「考點5」asaresult的用法【用法分析】asaresult意為“因此,結果”,常用于原因之后引出結果。Heeatstoomuch.Asaresult,heisfartoofatnow.他吃的太多。結果,他現(xiàn)在非常胖。Theboygotwetinrain.Asaresult,hehadacold.這個男孩在雨中淋濕了。結果,他感冒了。另外在這個句型里面bewoundedwith被.....弄傷特別重要,一定要熟記而且要做到靈活運用?！究荚囶}型】翻譯這就是那個被刀刺殺的受害人。知識點07:Wesupposethatthevictimknewhismurderer.我們推斷受害人認識兇手。（P109）「考點6」suppose的用法【用法分析】suppose是及物動詞,意為“猜想,假定,料想”|Thebookwillbefinishedtomorrow,Isuppose.我想這本書明天可以完成。IsupposeIwillgetagift.我猜想我會得到一個禮物?！竟潭ù钆洹縝esupposedto應該。Youaresupposedtoknowthelaw.你應該懂得這項法令?！咀⒁狻慨斁渲袨榈谝蝗朔Q時,suppose,think,believe等詞后的賓語從句謂語的否定前移到主句謂語部分Idon’tsupposethathe’llagree.我料想他不會同意。【考試題型】單選Wearestobehaveproperlyinpublicplaces.知識點08：Thevictim’sparentshaveofferedarewardof￥50000foranyinformationthatleadstothearrestofthemurderer.受害者的父母愿意出五萬人民幣對提供線索抓獲兇手的人給與獎勵。（P109）「考點7」arrest的用法【用法分析】arrest是不可數名詞,意為“逮捕,拘留”Thatyoungmanisstillputunderarrest.那個年輕人仍在拘留中?！究键c拓展】arrest是及物動詞時,意為“逮捕,拘留”Thepolicearrestedthethief.警方逮捕了小偷?！究键c辨析】arrest,catcharrest做“逮捕”講時,含有其賓語觸犯刑律的意思。Thepolicearrestedhimasasuspect.警方把他作為嫌疑犯予以逮捕。catch做“捉住,抓住,逮住”講時,常含有主動追捕,以計取勝的意思。Theycaughtthatthieflastnight.昨晚他們抓住了那個小偷?！究荚囶}型】翻譯警察因Tom闖入富人的家而逮捕了Tom.知識點09.Therewasprobablymorethanonepersonwhohadsomethingtodowiththemurderer.可能不止一個人與這起謀殺案有關。（P112）「考點8」probably的用法【用法分析】probably是副詞,意為“大概,很可能,或許”Hewillprobablyethisafternoon.他很可能今天下午來。注意:表示可能性從大到小的順序為：probably,perhaps,maybe.【考試題型】單選;翻譯（1）AreyougoingtoTom’spartythisweekend.?not.ImayhavetobablyB.certainlyB.EspeciallyD.probably他可能是科學家。（Maybe）知識點10.Well,itturnedoutthathehadnothingtodowiththiscase.哦,結果證明他和此案件無關。（P114）「考點9」turnout的用法【用法分析】turnout的用法Thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.這部電影結果大獲成功?！竟潭ù钆洹亢瑃urn的搭配turnout結果是（重點）turnon打開turnoff關閉takeone’sturn輪流【考試題型】單項填空Iftheweathertoberainy,wemayhavetocancelthesportsmeeting.runsoutB.breaksoutC.findsoutD.turnsout知識點11.Hewasinahurrytocatchthebus!他正在匆忙地趕公共汽車「考點10」hurry的用法【用法分析】hurry是可數名詞,意為“急忙,匆忙”,inahurry匆忙,急急忙忙。I’llneedtotalkwithyou,butthere’,但不著急。Shedressedherselfforthepartyinahurry.她為趕去參加聚會而匆忙穿衣服。Hehadhisbreakfasthurriedlyandthenwentout.他匆忙地吃了早飯就出去了?！竟潭ù钆洹俊究荚囶}型】單項填空Whengoingupstairsordownstairs,weneedtowalkontheright,leavingtheleftspaceforthepeoplewho.hurryupB.lookaroundC.runaway知識點12.Andwe’dbettershutallthewindowstoo.而且我們最好也關上所有的窗戶。（P116）「考點11」shut的用法【用法分析】shut是及物動詞,意為“關上,關門”Shutthedoorafteryou.隨手關門?！究键c拓展】Withthedoorshut,theroomwashotandwet.門是關閉的,所以房間里又熱又濕?！竟潭ù钆洹亢瑂hut的搭配：Shutup閉嘴,關閉Shutoff關掉,切斷（電源等）;停止供應（煤氣、水等）【考試題型】單項填空Thegovernmentistryingtoprotecttheenvironmentnow.Yeah.Itisreportedthatsomefactorieswillbesoon.setupB.shutoffC.givenupD.turnedoff知識點13....hecontinued,turningtothetwodetectives,......他繼續(xù)說,轉向兩位警探。（P117）「考點12」continue的用法【用法分析】continue是不及物動詞,意思為“持續(xù),繼續(xù),延伸”,其反義詞是stop.Theclasscontinuedforabouttwohours.這堂課大約持續(xù)了大約兩小時。,連續(xù),后接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式等。,但他還繼續(xù)工作。continuevt.(使）繼續(xù),延伸,使延長,其后可以接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式或動名詞做賓語。Theraincontinuedtofall/fallingallday.這場雨持續(xù)下了一整天?！究荚囶}型】根據漢語提示完成句子ResearcherssaytemperaturesinNorthAfricawillcontinue(上升）thissummer.知識點14,布魯斯和所有鄰居都相處和睦。(P118)「考點13」getalongwithsb的用法【用法分析】getalongwith意為“與某人相處”,相當于getonwithsb;getalongwellwithsb與某人相處融洽/和睦相處,其中的well是副詞,修飾動詞短語getalong.Howdoyougetalong/onwithyourclassmates?你和你的同學相處得怎么樣？Shegetsalong/onwellwithherparents.他與父母相處得很好?！究键c拓展】Getalong(withsth)還可意為“（在某方面）進行/開展得......”.Howareyougettingalongwellwithyourwork?你可以的工作開展得如何？【考試題型】根據漢語提示完成句子MaybepublicserviceadsonTVremindustospendmoretime(與......相處）ourparentswell.知識點15.except的用法「考點14」except的用法【用法分析】except是介詞,意為“除......之外”,這家商店每天都營業(yè)?！究荚囶}型】根據漢語提示完成句子Marygoestoworkeveryday(除......之外）Sunday.【評測】Notbad!Good!Perfect!Ⅲ.Grammar定語從句：一個句子充當定語Ilikethepen.(whichone?)Thepencostme10yuan.Ilikethepenwhich/thatcostme10yuan.↑↑先行詞關系代詞關系代詞就是用來代替先行詞的thepen=which/thatMydadhasafriendwho/thatisgoodatEnglish.who/that為引導詞,在從句中代替friend先行詞：是被定語從句所修飾的詞,通常是名詞或代詞。關系代詞：是引導定語從句的詞,在從句中替代先行詞。注意:從句必須緊跟在先行詞后。Theboywhoisplayingpingpongismyclassmate定語從句結構….先行詞（名詞/代詞）+關系代詞（who/whom/which/that)+….which代替事物,在從句中充當主語和賓語that代替人或物,在從句中充當主語和賓語。關系代詞在從句中作賓語時,可以省略who代替人.在從句中可充當主語。who/whom代替人,在從句中充當賓語。that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。(5)先行詞既有人,又有物時典型例題典型例題1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.當先行詞被序數詞,最高級等詞修飾時,關系代詞只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday當主句是who或which引導的特殊疑問句,而中心詞指人或物時,關系代詞只能用that.【Summary關系代詞的用法】關系代詞在從句的用法指人指物主語賓語thatwhichwhowhom小結：that－既可指人,也可指物,作主語,不能省略;作賓語,可以省略。which－指物,作主語,不能省略;作賓語,可以省略.who－指人,作主語,不能省略;作賓語,可以省略,（常用whom）【語法連詞】一、選擇題1.Iprefersongs____popular.A.thatisB.thatareC.whoisD.whoare2.Ilikethesinger____differentkindsofmusic.A.thatplayB.whoplayC.whocanplayD.whomplays3.Doyoulikemusic____makesyouexcited?A.thatB.whatC.whoD.it4.Allthechildrenliketheteachers____canunderstandthem.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom5.Thepandaisakindofanimal____canbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.where二、填空用關系代詞（that、which、who、whom、whose）填空。1.Thisistheman_______________wantstoseeyou.2.Thestudent__________________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman_________________youwenttoseehase.4.Theman__________________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.Thewoman______________________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.Hereisthepen________________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.7.Thesebooks____________________youlentmewereveryuseful.8.Aclockisamachine__________________tellspeoplethetime.9.Thisistheshirt______________________Iboughtyesterday.10.Thebook___________________isonthetableismine.11.Thefilm___________________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.12.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces____________Ihaveevervisited.13.Isthereanyone___________________familyisinBeijing?【配套練習】一、單項選擇1.Howcan_________womanlikeherberemendedas________headofouruniversity?A.the,/ B.a,a C.a,/ D.the,the2.Theman________mediumheightwascharged_________breaking_________severalputersystems.A.of;with;into B.of;of;into C.with;for;into D.for;with;to3.Ileftwatch_______intherestaurantbutIcan'tfindit_______.A.somewhere;anywhere B.somewhere;everywhereC.anywhere;everywhere D.everywhere;somewhere4.Ifyouseeanythingunusual,pleasecontact________thepolice________33309843.A.on;on B.with;on C./;on D.with;with5.Theofficersaredoingwhattheycan________wildanimalsfrom_________.A.toprevent;beingwounded B.toprevent;woundingC.prevent;beingwounded D.prevent;wounded6.Beforethedoctorlookedhimover,hewastold________in________andthen_________out.A.tobreathe;deep;breathe B.tobreathe;deeply;breatheC.breathe;deeply;breatheD.breath;deep;breath7.—Didthe________seetheman’sface?—No.Hesaidhewasattackedfrombehind.A.attackerB.victimC.suspect D.witness8.—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea_________,that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.A.when B.why C.that D.how9.Theythought________importanttolookrightandleftwhen________theroad.A.it;tocross B.it;crossing C.itwas;tocross D.it’s;cross 10.—Thisisthefilm________Ihavetoldyoumanytimes.—Really?Ihaveneverseen_________interestingfilm.A.which;so B.what;such C.which;suchan D.that;such11.Thepoliceneedanyinformationthat_________ofsomevalue.Theyhaveofferedareward.A.is 12.Oh,mygod!Ourhouse________lastnight.Lookatthefootprintsonthefloor.A.wasbreakinginto B.brokeninto C.wasbrokeninto D.brokeinto13.You_______tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn'ttoe B.don'tneede C.don'tneeding D.needn'te14.Thoughtherearelotsofebooksinyourputer,________isofanyuse.A.noone B.none C.nothing D.anything15.Throughthereform,theeconomicsituationofChina________muchbetterthanitusedtobe.A.turnedintoB.turnedoffC.turnedonD.turnedout 16.—When________yourdog________?—It________fortwoandahalfdays.A.was;missing;hadbeenmissing B.has;gonemissing;hasgonemissingC.did;gomissing;hasbeenmissing D.has;beenmissing;wentmissing17.Manytouristsare_________bythebeautifulviewhereeveryyear.A.attracted B.arrested C.attacked D.accepted18.Thevictim’sparentsoffereda(n)________forinformationthat________tothearrestofthemurderer.A.award;lead B.reward;leads C.award;tolead D.reward;lead19.—Thelightinhisofficeisstillon.Doyouknow__________?—Inordertopreparefortheingexams.A.ifheworkshard B.whenhewillstopworkingC.whyishesobusy D.whyhestaysupsolate20.Whereandwhen_________therobbery________place?A.did,take B.has,taken C.has,beentaken D.was,taken二、詞匯運用1.Befriendlyandyouwillmakemorefriendsandfewer________（enemy）.2.Ihadtostayathomebecauseitwasraining________(heavy)outside.3.Don’tbelieveinadvertisementsbecausetheymayhidesome________.(true)4.The________(miss)boyhasn’tbeenfoundyet.5.Theroomisso________(tidy).Itneedscleaningrightnow.6.The________(夫妻)wholiveinthishousehavelivedherefor40years.7.Twosoldiersdiedandthreewere_________(havebeenhurtbyaknifeoragun)intheattack.8.Nothingismoreimportantthan_________(安全)forthepupils.9.Idon’tneedadoubleroom.A___________roomisOK.10.Tome,thegreatest________(財富)ismyfamily.四、完形填空87yearoldCuiDaozhiisacriminalinvestigator(偵查員)fromtheHeilongjiangProvincialDepartmentofPublicSecurity(黑龍江省公安廳).OnJune29,2021,hewas1withtheJuly1Medalbecauseofhisgreatachievementsinhiswork.Overthepast66years,hehas2over7,000traceevidenceidentification(痕跡證據的鑒定)tasksatcrimescenes.Hehasalsotakenpartininvestigations(調查)intosomeofthe3criminalcasesinChina."Traceevidence,includingfingerprints,footprints,toolmarksandotherspecialmarks,istheimportantclue4willhelpsolvecases.Asaresult,thereshouldn'tbeanycarelessnesswhileweare5thetraceevidence."saidCui.Cuidevotedhimselftohiswork.After5yearsof6,heinventedsomethingusefulinhisfield.Healso7thehabitoftakingpictureswheneverhetookpartintheinvestigationintocases.Cuiwasbornintoa8familyinMeihekou,JiliProvincein1934andhadanunhappychildhood.Whenhewasstillveryyoung,he9hisparents.Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.In1951,Cui10thearmyattheageof17.Fouryearslaterin1955,hewas11totheHeilongjiangProvincialDepartmentofPublicSecurityandbecameacriminalinvestigator.Fromthenon,heworkedveryhard.12,becausehehadn'tgotahighereducation,hemetwithlotsofdifficultiesatfirst.Thankstothe13ofthedepartment,hegotthechancetocontinuehisstudies.Cuiretired(退休)in1994, 14 heneverleaveshisposition.Instead,heputsevenmore15intoresearchingtraceevidence.（）5.Amunicatingwith B.connectingwith C.beginningwith D.dealingwith D.guess C.joined 五、閱讀理解Feelingupsetispartoflife.Sometimesstresshappensathomeorschool.Itmayleaveusfeelingangryorworried.Wecannotcontroleverythingthathappensaroundus.However,wecanlearntocalmourselvesdown.Withpractice,wecanlearnusefulwaystokeepcoolwhenwefeelupset.RemoveyourselffromthesituationDisagreementswithotherpeoplecanbehardtodealwith.Theycanleadtoupsetfeelings.Sometimesweneedtogetawayfromthesituation.ItisOKtosay,“I’mgoingtotakeabreak.”Thenyoucangoforawalk.Oryoucanfindaquietplacetosit.Thepurposeistogiveyourselfsomespacetocalmdown.AcceptyourthoughtsFeelingupsetisnatural.Everyonegetsupsetsometimes.Acceptingthatweareupsetishealthy.Ifweacceptit,wecanchoosewhattodoaboutit.Wecaneventalktoourselvesabouthowwe’refeeling.Whenyouareupset,saysomethinglikethisinyourhead,“I’mfeelingreallyupsetrightnow.ThatisOK.IcancontrolwhatIdonext.”ChangeyourlanguageWhenwe’reupset,sometimesweuseunkindwordstopunishourselves.Wedon’thavetodothat.Tocalmdown,wecantrytosaysomethingtomakeourselvesfeelfortable.Forexample,insteadofsaying,“Iamalwaysintrouble,”wemightsay,“Imadeamistake.Ithappenstoeveryone.NexttimeI’lldoitdifferently.”Dobreathing(呼吸)exercisesWhenwefeelupset,theheartbeatsfaster.Thebodypreparesasifitisgoingtobeinafight.Youcanusebreathingtocalmdown.Ifpossible,findaplacewhereyoucansitfortably.Thenfocuson(專注于)yourbreath,breathingdeeplyandslowly.Thispracticeslowsdowntheheartandhelpsuscalmdown.()1.Theunderlinedexpression“giveyourselfsomespace”inParagraph2means________.A.goingforawalk B.spendingtimealoneC.workingwithothers D.stoppingbeingfriends()2.Ifyoutrytoacceptyourthoughts,youcan________.A.keepquiettorelaxyourself B.getawayfromthesituationC.findit’sOKtobeupsetsometimes D.talkwithyourbestfriendstoaskforadvice()3.Howcanwedobreathingexercisesaccordingtothearticle?①Payattentiontoourbreath.②Trytotakeadeepandslowbreath.③Talktoourselvestoslowdowntheheart.④Findafortableplacetositifpossible.A. ①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④()4.Fromthearticle,wecanknowthat________.A.disagreementswithotherscanleadtoupsetfeelingsB.it’snecessarytouseunkindwordstopunishourselvesC.weareabletocontroleverythingthat