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專題一困難多變的動(dòng)詞第一講謂語動(dòng)詞一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1.[2024·浙江6月]Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,________(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.2.[2024·浙江卷,語法填空]Byabout6000BC,people________(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.3.[2024·全國甲卷]TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).4.[2024·山東新高考]Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic________(call)galleriesorrooms.eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)研析多維講練eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)一一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)是近幾年語法填空必考的語法項(xiàng)目,而且考查的均是最基本的用法。(一)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用來表示習(xí)慣性、常常性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:do/does(下面全部的謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成皆以do為例)2.基本用法(1)表示常常性的動(dòng)作。常與usually,always,often,sometimes,never,everyday等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。OnMondaymorningitusuallytakesmeanhourtodrivetowork.星期一早晨,我通?;ㄙM(fèi)一小時(shí)開車去上班。(2)表示客觀真理、格言或者警句等。表示客觀真理時(shí),即使主句是一般過去時(shí),賓語從句還要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Asweallknow,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.眾所周知,地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。(3)表示按規(guī)定、時(shí)辰表、支配或支配要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。謂語動(dòng)詞是come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return,live,fly等,可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30amandendsat3:30pm.我志向的學(xué)校上午8:30上課,下午3:30放學(xué)。(4)在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,we'llhaveameeting.假如你今日下午過來,我們將開個(gè)會(huì)。(二)一般過去時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:did2.基本用法(1)表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表示詳細(xì)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用,如yesterday,lastmonth,justnow,theotherday,threedaysago,in1989等。TheotherdayIcameacrossanoldfriendonthetopofMountTai.前幾天,我在泰山頂上偶然遇到了一位老摯友。(2)在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中,常用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。Hesaidhewouldtellheraboutthenewsassoonashemether.他說他一見到她就把這個(gè)消息告知她。(3)表達(dá)“原以為/原來認(rèn)為/原希望”等意義時(shí),know,think,expect等動(dòng)詞常用一般過去時(shí)。Muchtomydisappointment,thefilmisnotasmovingasIexpected.使我特別悲觀的是,這部電影不像我原來預(yù)料的一樣感人。(4)常見句型:①Itistimethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.該到……的時(shí)候了②Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since...didsth.自從做某事已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間了③would/hadrathersb.didsth.寧愿某人做某事Itistimethatwetookactiontoprotectourenvironment.該到我們實(shí)行措施愛護(hù)環(huán)境的時(shí)候了。AsfarasIknow,itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.據(jù)我所知,他參軍三年了。(5)句中暗含有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語。Georgesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidn't.喬治說他會(huì)在其次天來學(xué)??次遥撬麤]有來?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·北京卷]Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreasedby2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain________(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.2.[2024·新高考卷Ⅰ]Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan'thelpwonderinghowhardit________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.3.[2024·全國卷Ⅲ]Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand________(point)downtheriver.4.[2024·江西省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)盟校聯(lián)考]Asaresult,asthenumberofqubits(量子位)________(increase),thecomputingabilityofquantumcomputersrisestoo.考點(diǎn)二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與將來進(jìn)行時(shí)(一)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(am,is,are))+doing2.基本用法(1)表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與時(shí)間狀語now,atthemoment,atpresent等連用。HeiswatchingafootballmatchonTVathomenow.他現(xiàn)在正在家里看電視上的足球賽。(2)一些特定的表示動(dòng)作趨向性的短暫性動(dòng)詞come,go,leave,get,start,open,arrive,begin,return等常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。IamleavingforShanghaitoattendanimportantinternationalmeeting.我要?jiǎng)由砣ド虾⑴c一個(gè)重要的國際會(huì)議。(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與頻率副詞always,constantly連用表達(dá)某種感情色調(diào),如不滿、厭惡、贊許等。Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthing.你總是把重要的事情忘掉。(表達(dá)出不滿的心情)(二)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(was,were))+doing2.基本用法(1)過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。Hewasplayingbasketballwithhisfriendsontheplaygroundat3:00pmyesterday.昨天下午3點(diǎn)他正在操場(chǎng)與他的摯友們一起打籃球。(2)表示過去一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另外一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。ShewaswatchingTVwhenaburglarbrokeintoherhouse.她正在看電視,這時(shí)一個(gè)盜賊闖入她家。(3)表示過去按支配、支配將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,此用法常見動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o,begin,leave,arrive,come,return等。Iwascomingtovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel.我本準(zhǔn)備那天晚些時(shí)候去看你,但是我不得不打電話取消了。(三)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:willbedoing2.基本用法表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,或按預(yù)料將來會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。ThistimenextweekI'llbelyingonthebeach,enjoyingthesunshine.下星期這個(gè)時(shí)候,我正躺在海灘上,享受著陽光?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·天津3月卷]Currently,about35,000works________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.2.I________(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.3.Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauseshe________(teach)aclassatthattime.考點(diǎn)三現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(一)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(have,has))+done2.基本用法(1)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語:already,sofar,never,just,before,recently,foralongtime,inthepast/lastfewyears等。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinthepasttenyears.在過去的10年中我們的城市發(fā)生了很大改變。(2)表示過去已經(jīng)起先,始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(或許還會(huì)接著進(jìn)行下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或“for+時(shí)間段”等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。Hemovedherein2024andhehaslivedhereeversince.他2024年搬到這里,自那之后他始終住在這里。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,表示將來某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。Pleasereturnthebooktomewhenyouhavefinishedit.當(dāng)你讀完這本書請(qǐng)歸還給我。名師指津(1)留意牢記以下固定句型:①Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since...表示“自從……以來已經(jīng)……”。Itis/hasbeentenyearssinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.我高校畢業(yè)已十年了。②This/It/Thatisthefirst/second/third...timethat...表示“這/那是(某人)第幾次做某事”,that從句中要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.這是我第一次巡游這座城市。③Thisis+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+that...結(jié)構(gòu),that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.這是我看過的最好的電影。(2)留意避開思維定式:一看到for+時(shí)間段,就用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。確定要看語境強(qiáng)調(diào)是“該動(dòng)作曾經(jīng)做過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”(一般過去時(shí)),還是“該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)做完多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))。YangZhenninglivedinAmericaformanyyearsandnowhelivesinChina.楊振寧在美國定居多年,現(xiàn)在他生活在中國。DashanhaslivedinChinaformanyyears.大山在中國住了很多年。(二)過去完成時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:had+done2.基本用法(1)表示到過去某一時(shí)間之前動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成即“過去的過去”,常見的時(shí)間狀語有by...,until...,when...,before...等。WhenhewasinBeijing,hevisitedplaceswherehehadplayedasachild.他在北京的時(shí)候巡游了他兒時(shí)曾玩過的地方。BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hissonhadalreadygraduatedfromcollege.杰克從英國回到家時(shí),他的兒子已經(jīng)高校畢業(yè)了。(2)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等,用過去完成時(shí)表示“原本……(事實(shí)上未能……)”。Wehadexpectedthatyouwouldbeabletowinthematch.我們?cè)瓉眍A(yù)料你們能夠贏競(jìng)賽。(3)表示一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作先于另一過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生,這種狀況多見于賓語從句。Herememberedthathehadleftthekeyathome.他記得他把鑰匙落家了。(4)過去完成時(shí)的常用句型①Itwasthefirst/second...timethat...這是第一/其次……次……Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.這是那個(gè)男孩第三次遲到了。②hadhardly...when剛……就……;hadnosooner...than一……就……。如:Ihadhardlyopenedthedoorwhenhehitme.我剛打開門,他就打了我。Hehadnosoonerboughtthecarthanhesoldit.他剛買了這輛車,轉(zhuǎn)瞬又賣了。(三)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(has,have))been+doing2.基本用法(1)常用來表示起先于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間,始終持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且會(huì)接著進(jìn)行下去的動(dòng)作。Fordaysthekidshavebeenlookingforotherswecanhelp.幾天以來,孩子們始終在找我們能夠幫助的其他人。(2)表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間里始終在反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Ihavebeencallinghimmanytimesthismorning,butthere'snoanswer.今日早晨我始終給他打了很多電話,但是沒人接?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·北京卷]There________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causinglargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.2.[2024·天津3月卷]We________(do)quiteenoughworkforthemorning;nowlet'stakeabreak.3.[2024·沈陽模擬]ThiswasthefirsttimeI________(experience)sandstormsandIdon'teverwanttobeinoneagain.4.[2024·泰安檢測(cè)]MrWhite________(teach)inourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.考點(diǎn)四一般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)(一)一般將來時(shí)1.表示將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用以下四種結(jié)構(gòu)(1)will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形(2)begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形(3)beto+動(dòng)詞原形(4)beabouttodosth.2.基本用法(1)一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),即單純的將來事實(shí)。HewillgraduatefromBeijingUniversitynextyear.明年,他將畢業(yè)于北京高校。(2)begoingtodosth.表示支配、準(zhǔn)備要做某事或者有預(yù)兆要發(fā)生某事。Lookatthecloud.Itisgoingtorain.瞧那烏云,天要下雨了。(3)betodosth.表示按支配或支配即將要做某事,或者依據(jù)職責(zé)、義務(wù)、規(guī)定等要做某事。Wearetoobeytheseruleswhenwegointothelibrary.當(dāng)我們進(jìn)了圖書館,就要遵守這些規(guī)章制度。(4)beabouttodosth.表示即將要發(fā)生某事。該結(jié)構(gòu)通常不與詳細(xì)的時(shí)間狀語連用。Thetrainisabouttoleave.火車即將開出。(二)過去將來時(shí)1.謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成:eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(woulddosth.,was/weregoingtodosth.))2.基本用法過去將來時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。即過去將來時(shí)是“立足過去,著眼將來”的一種時(shí)態(tài),常用于賓語從句中。Theshopwouldsoonclose,andallthepeoplewouldgohome.這個(gè)商店不久將關(guān)閉,全部的人將回家?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.Ifyougiveupinwinter,you________(miss)thehopeofspring,thebeautyofsummer,andtheharvestofautumninyourlife.2.Ifyouareabletocomewithus,pleaseletusknowandwe________(wait)foryouattheschoolgateat9inthemorning.3.[2024·浙江嘉興基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試]Theymadeuptheirmindsthatthey________(buy)anewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs.考點(diǎn)五語態(tài)1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredone一般過去時(shí)was/weredone一般將來時(shí)shall/willbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeendone過去完成時(shí)hadbeendone將來完成時(shí)shall/willhavebeendoneTomydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.使我興奮的是,我從成百上千申請(qǐng)者中被選出來參與開幕儀式。2.不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特別動(dòng)詞(1)系動(dòng)詞類(look,seem,feel,taste,sound,prove,appear等)。(2)表示主語特征的詞(read,wash,write,sell,wear,lock等),常與not,hardly,well,easily,badly,nicely等副詞連用。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布料簡(jiǎn)潔洗。3.get構(gòu)成的表示被動(dòng)的短語此類短語主要有g(shù)etpaid/lost/hurt等。Wegetpaideveryweek.我們按周獲得薪酬。4.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(1)在need,want,require,deserve,bear等動(dòng)詞;worth等形容詞的后面,動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。Thehouseneedsrepairing/toberepaired.這房子須要修理。(2)在某些“主語(人/物)+be+形容詞+不定式”中不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。Theproblemisdifficulttoworkout.這道題很難計(jì)算出?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·浙江6月卷]Thelittlehome________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.2.[2024·北京卷語法填空]Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey________(throw)away.3.[2024·浙江卷]And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood__________(need).4.[2024·全國卷Ⅲ]Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.二、主謂一樣1.[2024·浙江卷1月]Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson'sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquaredandaBMIofbetween19and25________(consider)healthy.2.[2024·全國卷Ⅱ]Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers________(carry)specialsignificance.3.[2024·山東新高考]Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection________(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.4.[江蘇卷]Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)研析多維講練eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)一主謂一樣的基礎(chǔ)“3原則”主謂一樣是指謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上和主語一樣,一般遵循三個(gè)原則,即語法一樣原則、就近一樣原則和意義一樣原則。1.語法一樣原則主語后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,alongwith,ratherthan,including,inadditionto等引起的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一樣。TheleaderandartistaswellassomeofourEnglishteacherswasgivenachancetogoabroadlastyear.那位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)兼藝術(shù)家和我們的一些英語老師去年得到了一次出國的機(jī)會(huì)。IthinkTom,ratherthanyouistoblamefortheaccident.我認(rèn)為是湯姆而不是你該為這起事故負(fù)責(zé)任。2.就近一樣原則(1)由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等連接的并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最近的主語保持一樣。Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你要么是你的一名學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)出席明天的會(huì)議。(2)由there,here引起的主語不止一個(gè)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常和最鄰近的主語保持一樣。Therearethreebooksandapenonthedesk.桌子上有三本書和一支鋼筆。3.意義一樣原則(1)由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)(不行分割的整體)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Thepoetandwriterhasproducedmanyworks.這位詩人兼作家寫出了很多作品。(2)“no/each/every/manya+單數(shù)名詞+and+no/each/every/manya+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everymanandeverywomanhasagoodreasontobeproudoftheworkdonebytheirfathers.每一個(gè)人都有很好的理由為他們的父親所從事的職業(yè)感到傲慢。(3)非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞性從句作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.聽音樂使我在一天的勞碌之后得到了放松?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)模擬]ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually________(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatchmaking,engagement,meetingthebride,andthreebows.2.[2024·廈門市第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]Walkingtowork,takingpartinanonlineexerciseprogramormeetingwithfriendsforawalkalso________(work)toeasilygetmorephysicalactivity.3.[2024·太原階段測(cè)評(píng)]Furthermore,theamountofsleep________(change)greatlyoverthepast15years.考點(diǎn)二主謂一樣的3種特別狀況1.“manya/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞”作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Manyaparenthashadtogothroughthissamepainfulprocess.很多父母都被迫經(jīng)驗(yàn)了這一段苦痛的過程。2.a(chǎn)ll,therest,theremaining/part...+主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)依據(jù)句子所表達(dá)的單復(fù)數(shù)意義而定。Thefirstpartofthelecturewasvividbuttheremainingwasdull.講座的前半部分很生動(dòng),但后半部分特別枯燥。3.“幾分之幾/百分之幾+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí),一般依據(jù)of后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.這些書中大約有1/3值得一讀。Only60percentoftheworkwasdoneyesterday.昨天只做了60%的工作?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[全國卷Ⅰ]Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six________(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.2.[2024·湖南懷化一模]Morethanonedoctor________(be)involvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.3.[2024·新高考Ⅱ卷]Becausethenumberofpossibletopics________(be)practicallylimitless,wefocusonasampleofthemostinterestingandusefulapplicationsandtoolsandexplainthebasicprinciplesoftechnology.三、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣1.[2024·天津3月卷]Itusedtobethatyou________driveformilesherewithoutseeinganotherperson,butnowtherearehousesandpeopleeverywhere.2.[2024·天津卷改編]Jimsayswe________stayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.3.[天津卷]Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwise,they________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.4.[北京卷]Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________(drive)afewmorekilometers.5.[江蘇卷]Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI________(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)研析多維講練eq\a\vs4\al\co1(●)考點(diǎn)一助動(dòng)詞1.助動(dòng)詞do/does/did主要幫助構(gòu)成疑問句、否定句及部分倒裝。助動(dòng)詞do/does/did后只能跟動(dòng)詞原形,助動(dòng)詞不能用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。2.助動(dòng)詞be/being/been主要幫助構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和各種被動(dòng)語態(tài)。需留意be雖然沒有實(shí)際意義,但卻是結(jié)構(gòu)中不行缺少的。3.助動(dòng)詞have/has/had主要是幫助構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。需留意其構(gòu)成形式have/has/haddone和have/has/hadbeendoing。IamLiHua,astudentfromClass2,Grade3.Iamwritingtoapplyforthepositionasastudentvolunteer.我是李華,三年級(jí)二班的一名學(xué)生。我寫信申請(qǐng)學(xué)生志愿者職位。Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlateforworkthisweek.這是你這周第三次上班遲到。考點(diǎn)二9大情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法1.can/could(1)表示實(shí)力(could常用于過去的實(shí)力)。Manypeoplecanusethecomputer.很多人會(huì)用電腦。Noonecouldanswerthischallengingquestion.沒人能回答這個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題。(2)表示客觀或理論上的可能性。Itcanbeveryhothereinsummer.這里夏天有時(shí)會(huì)很熱。Accidentscanhappentoanydrunkendriver.醉酒的司機(jī)都有可能發(fā)生交通事故。(3)表示懇求或允許。在疑問句中could可以代替can,語氣更委婉。CanIhaveawordwithyou?Itwon'ttakelong.我可以和你談?wù)剢幔坎粫?huì)花很多時(shí)間的。(4)表示推想,意為“可能”,用于否定句和疑問句。can比could語氣強(qiáng)。Hecan'tbeourmanager.HehasgonetoBeijing.他不行能是我們的經(jīng)理。我們經(jīng)理已經(jīng)去北京了。2.may/might(1)表示懇求、允許、許可,might比may的語氣更委婉?!狹ightIaskforapictureofyourlittledaughter?——我可以要一張你小女兒的照片嗎?—Yes,youmay.——是的,可以。(2)表示推想,意為“或許,可能”,通常用于確定句和否定句。might比may語氣弱。—Idon'treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?——我真的不喜愛詹姆斯。為什么你邀請(qǐng)他?—Don'tworry.Hemightnotcome.Hesaidhewasn'tcertainwhathisplanswere.——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)憂,他或許不會(huì)來。他說他還不能確定他的支配。3.must(1)表示“必需;應(yīng)當(dāng)”?!猄hallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?——我該立刻通知他日程改了嗎?—Iamafraidyoumust,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.——我想你必需(通知他),以免他開會(huì)遲到。(2)表示推想,意為“確定”,用于確定句。Someonemusthaveusedmyumbrellayesterday.Ifounditwet.昨天確定有人用了我的雨傘,我發(fā)覺它濕了。(3)意為“偏要,非要……不行”。Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.假如你非要走,至少要等到暴風(fēng)雨停止(再走)。(4)mustn't表示禁止,意為“不得,不允許;確定不要”。Thatcarismyproperty;youmustn'tuseitwithoutmypermission.那輛車是我的財(cái)產(chǎn),你必需得到我的允許才能運(yùn)用。4.shall(1)用于第一、三人稱疑問句中,表示說話人征求對(duì)方的看法。Shallweputoffthesportsmeettillnextmonth?我們能否將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)推遲到下個(gè)月?ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?明天湯姆可以和我一起去那里嗎?(2)用于其次、三人稱陳述句中,表示說話人的吩咐、警告、威逼、承諾、決心等;或用于條約、規(guī)定、法令、法律等,意為“必需”。Youshallbepunishedforwhatyouhavedone.你必需為你的所作所為受到懲處。5.should(1)should表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)、勸說、建議等,意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Weshouldbestrictwithourselves.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格要求自己。(2)should表示出乎意料的口氣,意為“竟然,盡然”。Suchagentlemanshoulddothat.這樣一位紳士竟然會(huì)做那種事。6.will/would(1)用于表示意志或意愿。—Whydidn'tyoucometomypartylastnight?——昨晚你為什么不參與我的晚會(huì)?—Iwantedto,butmymomsimplywouldnotletmeoutsolateatnight.——我想?yún)⑴c,但是晚上那么晚我母親就是不讓我出去。(2)表示“懇求;建議”。用would比will委婉、客氣。Will/Wouldyoupleasekeepthedooropen?請(qǐng)你把門開著好嗎?(3)表示習(xí)慣,will可以表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣,意為“總是;習(xí)慣于”。表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作用would。Hewouldgetupearlywhenhelivedinthecountry.生活在農(nóng)村時(shí)他過去常常早起。7.need表示“須要;必要”,用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句中。Youneedn'tbetoldtwiceaboutonesinglething.同一件事不必對(duì)你說兩遍?!狽eedItellhimeverythingthat'shappenedtohisparents?——我有必要告知他有關(guān)他父母發(fā)生的一切嗎?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.——是的,必需。/不,沒必要。名師指津need還可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,此時(shí)有人稱和數(shù)的改變,后面可跟名詞、帶to的不定式或動(dòng)名詞等作賓語,其否定形式、疑問形式都要通過助動(dòng)詞do構(gòu)成。Plantsneedlightinordertosurvive.植物生長(zhǎng)必需有光照。DoIneedtoleavemytelephonenumberandaddress?我有必要把電話號(hào)碼和地址留下嗎?Youdon'tneedtohandinyourcompositionstoday.你們今日不必交作文。8.dare表示“敢;敢于”,主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中,一般不用于確定句。Idaresay是習(xí)慣說法,意為“我想,或許”。Idarenotfacethedangerbravely.我不敢英勇地面對(duì)困難。9.oughtto表示義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”,語氣比should強(qiáng),表示不特別確定或含蓄的推想,意為“應(yīng)是,應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Yououghttoworkharderthanbefore.你應(yīng)當(dāng)比之前更努力地工作。Yououghtnottobelateforsuchanimportantmeeting.這么重要的會(huì)議你不應(yīng)當(dāng)遲到的?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI________notgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.2.Itwasreallyannoying;I________notgetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.考點(diǎn)三5大表示推想的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法比較情態(tài)動(dòng)詞適用句式適用時(shí)態(tài)意義must確定句一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)確定,確定Jackdescribedhisfather,whomusthavebeenabraveboymanyyearsago,asastrongwilledman.杰克描述了他的父親,他多年前確定是一個(gè)英勇的男孩,是個(gè)意志堅(jiān)毅的人。can(could)疑問句,否定句一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)可能,能夠Itcan'tbethepostmanatthedoor.It'sonlysixo'clock.在門口的不行能是郵遞員?,F(xiàn)在才六點(diǎn)鐘。may(might)否定句一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)或許,可能—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.我把手提包落在火車上了,但幸運(yùn)的是有人把它交給了鐵路官員?!狧owunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someonemighthavestolenit.能再得到它真不行思議!我的意思是,有人有可能已經(jīng)偷走了它。should(oughtto)否定句一般時(shí)、完成時(shí)確定或期盼“應(yīng)當(dāng)”Ishouldn'thavewatchedthatmovie—it'llgivemehorribledreams.我本不應(yīng)看那部電影,它會(huì)帶給我可怕的夢(mèng)。will(would)確定句,否定句,疑問句一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)或許Thiswillbethehouseyou'relookingfor.這或許就是你在找尋的那個(gè)房子?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he________havedonetheresearchonhisown.2.You________nothavewakenmeup.Idon'thavetogotoworktoday.3.You________(come)hereearlier,forthelecturewasimportant.考點(diǎn)四狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法1.非真實(shí)條件句中虛擬語氣的用法虛擬語氣從句謂語動(dòng)詞主句謂語動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式(be的過去式形式用were)would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成式would/could/should/might+havedone與將來事實(shí)相反①weretodo②shoulddo③過去式would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是我弟弟在這兒,一切都會(huì)好的。Ifitshouldrainthisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.要是今日下午下雨,籃球競(jìng)賽就會(huì)被推遲。Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyouhadtoldme,Icouldhavehelped.上個(gè)星期你為什么不把你的困難告知我?假如你告知我,我會(huì)幫助你的。名師指津(1)在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中,條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞中含有had/were/should時(shí),可以把if省略,把had/were/should提到句首,變?yōu)榈寡b句。Hadyou(=Ifyouhad)comeearlier,youwouldhavecaughttheearlybus.假如你早點(diǎn)來,就能趕上早班車了。WereI(=IfIwere)twentynow,Iwouldjointhearmy.假如我現(xiàn)在20歲,我就參軍。Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.他要是來了,讓他給我打個(gè)電話。(2)假如主句和從句是對(duì)不同時(shí)間的事實(shí)的虛擬,則被稱為錯(cuò)綜虛擬語氣。此時(shí)主句常有明顯的時(shí)間狀語。MaybeifIhadstudiedscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelpnow.或許假如當(dāng)時(shí)我學(xué)的是理科不是文科的話,那么我現(xiàn)在就可以給你更多的幫助了。2.虛擬語氣在含蓄條件句中的用法有時(shí)假設(shè)的條件不通過條件狀語從句表達(dá)出來,而是隱含在某些詞或短語中,或隱含在上下文中,這種叫含蓄虛擬語氣。常見的這類詞或短語有:without (要是)沒有incase 萬一;以防butfor 要不是supposing 假如forfearthat 以免otherwise 否則or 否則Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.要不是一個(gè)電話,我們不行能在一起待一分鐘??键c(diǎn)五其他從句中虛擬語氣的用法1.主語從句中的虛擬語氣Itisdesired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/essential/apity+that從句,從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。Itisnecessarythathe(should)sortouttheinformationformyreference.他有必要整理些信息供我參考。2.賓語從句中的虛擬語氣(1)wish后面的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣,表示一種不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,其謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式如下表:虛擬語氣從句謂語動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)與過去事實(shí)相反had+過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Iwish(that)Iwereabirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.我希望我是只小鳥,能在天空自由翱翔。Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.我多希望昨天見到了那個(gè)影星。(2)表示“建議;吩咐;要求”等意義時(shí),賓語從句用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有:①堅(jiān)持:insist;②吩咐:order,command;③建議:advise,suggest,recommend;④要求:request,require,demand,ask。Itisstronglyrecommendedthatthemachines(should)becheckedeveryyear.劇烈建議將這些機(jī)器每年檢查一次。ShesuggestedthatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.她建議戴爾參與辯論隊(duì),她認(rèn)為辯論隊(duì)里的演講練習(xí)會(huì)賜予他所須要的信念和認(rèn)可。(3)wouldrather/prefer+that從句(從句用虛擬語氣)①表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實(shí)或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反”,從句用一般過去時(shí)。Iwouldratheryouwerenotherewithmenow.我寧愿你現(xiàn)在不在我身邊。②表示愿望與“過去事實(shí)相反”,從句用過去完成時(shí)。Iwouldratheryouhadn'tdonethat.我寧愿你沒有做那件事。3.表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣(1)在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣,其構(gòu)成是“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。Wefollowedhisadvicethatwe(should)askourteacherforhelp.我們接受了他要求我們向老師求助的建議。(2)asif,asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句常用虛擬語氣,與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過去時(shí);與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。Shelooksasifnothinghadhappenedtoher.她看起來似乎什么事都沒發(fā)生似的。4.定語從句中的虛擬語氣It's(about/high/very)time+that從句(從句用虛擬語氣,謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形,should不能省略),意為“某人該做某事了”。It'stimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.該到我們回家的時(shí)間了。5.ifonly從句中的虛擬語氣ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句,其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)與wish后接賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)相同。Ifonlythedriverhadn'tdrivensofastthen!要是司機(jī)那時(shí)沒開那么快就好了?!蚣磳W(xué)即練(單句語法填空)1.[2024·湖北四地七校聯(lián)考]Itishightimethatyou________(consider)thatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievealittle.2.[2024·肇慶模擬]Hewasstillrunningwithasmileonhisface,asifnothing________(happen).3.[2024·東北三校聯(lián)考]Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies________(send)totheearthquake-strickenareasoon.4.[2024·甘肅天水一中段考]Johnwantstoseemenow,butIhavesomuchworkonhandthatIwouldratherhe________(come)tomorrowthantoday.[小試牛刀]Ⅰ.語法填空[2024·太原市三模]Formanypeopleintheworld,foodwastehasbecomeahabit;buyingmorefoodthanweneedatmarkets,1.________(let)fruitandvegetablesspoilathomeortakingmorethanwecaneat.Thesehabitsputextrapressure2.________ournaturalresourcesanddamageourenvironment.Whenwewastefood,wewastesomuchlabour,effort,3.________(invest)andthepreciousresourcesthatgointoproducingit,nottomentiontheresourcesintransportingandprocessingit.Inshort,wastingfoodincreasesgreenhousegasemissionsand4.________(contribute)toclimatechange.It's5.________urgentissue.Infact,tonsoffoodislostorwasted6.________(global)everyday.Thepartoffoodthatislostfromharvestupto,butnotincluding,theretailleveliscalledfoodloss.Thepartwastedattheconsumerorretaillevel7.________(refer)toasfoodwaste.Wemakethisdistinctiontoaddressthoseroot8.________(cause)ofthisproblem,aproblemthateveryonefromfarmersandproducerstocustomerscanhelpend.Reducingfoodlossandwasteisessentialinaworld9.________millionsofpeoplegohungryeveryday.Whenwereducewaste,werespectthatfoodisnotagiven.It'suptous10.________(change)ourhabitstomakenotwastingfoodawayoflife!Ⅱ.寫作運(yùn)用補(bǔ)全下面寫作,留意動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用。Hello,everyone!Iwouldliketosharewithyoumyfirsttravelabroad.1.________________________________________________________________________________________.(去年暑假,我和幾個(gè)同學(xué)一起參與了與一所美國學(xué)校的溝通項(xiàng)目)Duringourvisit,westayedinhostfamilies,whichgaveusanopportunitytolearnaboutAmericansociety.Themainpartofourprogramwastoexperiencetheschoollife.2.________________________________________________________________.(與中國學(xué)生相比,美國學(xué)生更加開放和活躍)Besides,theyhavelesshomeworkandfewerexams.3.________________________________________________________.(但我們也有很多共同點(diǎn),比如對(duì)NBA的狂熱)Whenthevisitwasover,ImadefriendswithsomeAmericanstudents,whobecomeveryinterestedinChineseculture.4.________________________________________________________.(美國學(xué)生也從中獲益匪淺)語法專題提升專題一困難多變的動(dòng)詞第一講謂語動(dòng)詞一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)[高考感悟]1.答案與解析:hasproved/hasproven考查時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)后面的sinceitopenedtothepublic可知,此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填hasproved/hasproven。2.答案與解析:haddiscovered考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:大約在公元前6000年,人們已經(jīng)發(fā)覺了最相宜種植的莊稼和最相宜飼養(yǎng)的牲畜。分析句子,簡(jiǎn)潔句中除了提示詞外無其余動(dòng)詞,故此處需用動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。邏輯主語和提示詞之間表示主動(dòng)邏輯。by+過去時(shí)間譯為“到……為止”,后面的句子用過去完成時(shí)。3.答案與解析:wasbuilt分析句子成分可知,空處和hasnowbeencompletelyrestored作并列謂語。其次步:考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一樣。有時(shí)間狀語intheTangdynasty可知發(fā)生在過去,依據(jù)主語it(TheXi'anCityWall)與動(dòng)詞build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4.答案與解析:arecalled考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意:博物館對(duì)公眾開放的部分被稱為畫廊或展廳。此處描述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語與call是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),且主語是復(fù)數(shù)概念。[考點(diǎn)研析多維講練]考點(diǎn)一1.答案與解析:was考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)上文thestudyfound可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填was。2.答案與解析:was考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。句中有時(shí)間狀語then,因此這里說的是當(dāng)時(shí)人們把那些石頭放在固定的位置上(即做成石頭臺(tái)階)很難,本空填was。3.答案與解析:pointedand是并列連詞,在該句中連接兩個(gè)并列謂語,兩個(gè)并列謂語時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一樣;依據(jù)and前的smiled可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填pointed。4.答案與解析:increases依據(jù)句意可知,句子為as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,句子陳述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),thenumberof作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故空格處應(yīng)用increase的第三人稱單數(shù)形式increases??键c(diǎn)二1.答案與解析:arebeingdisplayed考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:目前,大約有3.5萬件作品陳設(shè)在盧浮宮的300多個(gè)房間里,要想看完全部的東西要花一輩子的時(shí)間。依據(jù)Currently和語境可知,此處表示目前正在發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);作品被陳設(shè),應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2.答案與解析:wasdriving此處是bedoing...when...結(jié)構(gòu),意為“正在做……,這時(shí)(突然)……”。由從句的謂語動(dòng)詞found可知,主句應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。3.答案與解析:willbeteaching句意為:簡(jiǎn)不能參與今日下午三點(diǎn)的會(huì)議,因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)候她正在上課。句中的時(shí)間狀語atthattime代指at3o'clockthisafternoon,表示在將來的某一時(shí)刻正在做某事,故用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)??键c(diǎn)三1.答案與解析:hasbeen考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。overthepast20years表示“在過去的二十年中”,常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,adramaticrise是單數(shù)。故填hasbeen。2.答案與解析:havedone考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3.答案與解析:hadexperienced考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)“Thiswasthefirsttime”可知,從句用過去完成時(shí)。4.答案與解析:hadtaught依據(jù)fornearlyfortyyears可知用完成時(shí),由時(shí)間狀語從句beforeheretiredlastmonth可知用過去完成時(shí)??键c(diǎn)四1.答案與解析:willmissif引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來,主句用一般將來時(shí)。故該空填willmiss。2.答案與解析:willwait依據(jù)if從句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來,可知主句用will+動(dòng)詞原形表示一般將來時(shí)。3.答案與解析:wouldbuy句意:他們確定一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買座新居子。that引導(dǎo)的從句為復(fù)合句,其中once引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用的是一般過去時(shí)。故主句用過去將來時(shí)??键c(diǎn)五1.答案與解析:waspainted考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。Thelittlehome與動(dòng)詞paint之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填waspainted。2.答案與解析:arethrown考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多運(yùn)用幾次。本句講的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語they(Single-useplasticbags)和謂語動(dòng)詞throw之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),且謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填arethrown。3.答案與解析:wasneeded考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:隨著越多的小孩誕生,越多的食物被須要。分析句子,邏輯主語和need之間表示被動(dòng)邏輯。同時(shí)此處描述的是過去的時(shí)間,所以時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。故此處應(yīng)用過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。food為不行數(shù)名詞。故填wasneeded。4.答案與解析:bechosen考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意:畫家確信他會(huì)被選中,但是當(dāng)他把他的杰作送給皇帝的宰相時(shí),這位老人笑了。本句中主語he與謂語動(dòng)詞choose構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且would后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填bechosen。二、主謂一樣[高考感悟]1.答案與解析:isconsidered考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。依據(jù)句意,BMI在19到25之間都被認(rèn)為是健康的,本空填isconsidered。2.答案與解析:carries考查主謂一樣。句意:這就是用植物、水果和鮮花裝飾具有特別意義的緣由。這是一個(gè)表語從句,從句主語為動(dòng)名詞短語decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers,所以謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填carries。3.答案與解析:is考查主謂一樣。句意:通常,博物館只展出一小部分藏品。此處描述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語asmallpartofamuseum'scollection是單數(shù)概念,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)運(yùn)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,且后面的Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.中的is也是提示。故填is。4.答案與解析:hasgiven考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。句意:這位音樂家和他的樂隊(duì)成員在過去三個(gè)月里共演出了10場(chǎng)。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語inthelastthreemonths可知,句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);當(dāng)主語后接alongwith構(gòu)成的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持一樣。故此處用hasgiven。[考點(diǎn)研析多維講練]考點(diǎn)一1.答案與解析:involves考查主謂一樣。依據(jù)該句中的usually可知,此處表示常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語ThetraditionalChinesemarriage為第三人稱單數(shù)。故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。2.答案與解析:works考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和主謂一樣。此處描述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。并列主語用or連接時(shí),主謂一樣遵循“就近原則”?!癿eetingwithfriendsforawalk”為動(dòng)名詞。所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。3.答案與解析:haschanged考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。依據(jù)該句中的時(shí)間狀語“overthepast15years”可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且該句的主語

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