江蘇省南京市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中學(xué)情調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南京市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中學(xué)情調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略)第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACallingAllHighSchoolStudentsApplytoTheDaily’sSummer2023JournalismWorkshop!!ClickhereforanapplicationformTheapplicationdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJune2at11:59pm.Joinusforourannualsummereight-weekjournalismworkshop!TheprogramrunsfromJune26toAugust18,2023.Inourprogram,we’llteachhighschoolersthefundamentalsthroughreal-worldreportingtasks.SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!Wehaveall-newcontentandguestspeakerswithfreshandexcitingperspectivestobringtothetable.Itisopentoparticipantsofallskilllevels—oureditorswillworkwithyouatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewithandgetyouuptospeedregardlessofyourlevelofexperience.Overthecourseoftheeight-weekjournalismworkshop,participantswillgethands-onexperienceintheend-to-endprocessofnewsreporting,including:Howtofindstoriesandassess(評(píng)估)theirnewsworthinessHowtoidentifyandinterviewsourcesHowtocreatewell-structured,interestingnewspiecesHowtowritebreakingnewsInadditiontowriting,studentswillhavetheopportunitytolearnmultimediaanddigitalskills,ultimatelygainingexposuretothecomplete,real,end-to-endexperienceofworkinginjournalism.21.Whatisthepurposeofthejournalismworkshop?A.Toexposehighschoolerstotherealworld.B.TobringTheStanfordDailytoalargeraudience.C.ToselectpotentialwritersforTheStanfordDaily.D.Toequiphighschoolerswithskillsofnewsreporting.22.Whatcanparticipantsdointheworkshop?A.Startupanewswritingwebsite.B.ChairweeklymeetingsofDaily’seditors.C.AssesstheworkofDaily’sjournalists.D.Getpersonalizedguidancefromprofessionals.23.Whatisthetext?A.Anactivityschedule. B.Anonlineadvertisement.C.Acoursereview. D.Anacademicarticle.〖答案〗21.D22.D23.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是《每日新聞》2023年夏季新聞工作坊的招募廣告?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!(即使你以前和我們一起做過(guò)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，你一定會(huì)學(xué)到新的技能，遇到新的挑戰(zhàn)，并提高你的新聞技能！)”可知，新聞研討會(huì)的目的是培養(yǎng)中學(xué)生新聞報(bào)道技能。故選D。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.(一些作者甚至有機(jī)會(huì)在《斯坦福日?qǐng)?bào)》的網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表他們的作品，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诿恐艿暮灥綍?huì)議和課程中得到《日?qǐng)?bào)》編輯的一對(duì)一指導(dǎo))”可知，參加者可以在工作坊中獲得專業(yè)人士的個(gè)性化指導(dǎo)。故選D。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Clickhereforanapplicationform(按此索取申請(qǐng)表格)”可推知，本文是一篇網(wǎng)上的廣告。故選B。BWhenthefifthgradeschoolyearwasalmostover,allthegirlsmadeautograph(簽名)books.AsIsignedmyclassmates’books,Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”Iaskedmymothertosignmine,too.Whenshehandeditbacktome,Iwasanxioustoseewhatshehadwritten.ThisiswhatIfoundonthepage:Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.Doitwellornotatall.Foryears,Ibattledperfectionismandneverfeltgoodenoughformostofmylife.Whenmymotherwasinhereighties,Igaveherabooktofilloutsowecouldknowmoreabouther.Ithadquestionsatthetopofeachpageandthenblankspacetorespond.Isecretlyhopedshe’dbeenworkingonitallalong.Sadly,notlongafter,mymotherpassedaway.WhenIsortedoutherbelongings,whatIwantedmorethananythingwasthatbook.WhatIfoundstoppedmeshort.Onpageten,thequestionwas,“What’sthebestadviceyougotfromyourparents?”Herresponsewaswhatshehadwritteninmyautographbook.EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.Shewasgivingmetreasured,valuableadvicewhenallIwasthinkingaboutwerewordsofpraise.Iunderstanditnow.24.Inparagraph1,theauthorfoundthatwordsfromotherclassmates’moms________.A.containedreflectiononlifeB.expressedtheirthankfulnessC.showedprideintheirchildrenD.featuredaformalwritingstyle25.Seeinghermom’swordsontheautographbook,howdidtheauthorfeel?A.Disappointed. B.Motivated. C.Hopeful. D.Anxious.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5imply?A.Theauthormemorizedthewordsfromhermom.B.Theauthorwassurprisedtoseethesamewordsagain.C.Theauthorfounditeasytoseethewordsclearlyunderthelight.D.Theauthorbegantohaveanewunderstandingofhermom’swords.27.Whatgiftdidtheauthor’smomgiveher?A.Avisionofaperfectworld.B.Encouragementtodothingswell.C.Hermom’swisdomoflovingyourself.D.Hermom’sadviceonlivingataslowpace.〖答案〗24.C25.A26.D27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者起初對(duì)媽媽在簽名簿上的寫的內(nèi)容不理解，在母親去世后作者才理解了那些話的意義?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”(我注意到他們的媽媽也在上面寫了字?！拔覟槟愀械綗o(wú)比驕傲。等不及想看看你的初中生活了!”“恭喜你!我們愛(ài)你，知道你有一個(gè)光明的未來(lái)!”)”可知，在第一段中，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)其他同學(xué)媽媽的話是以他們的孩子為傲。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)正文第三段“Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.(就這樣？我僵住了。這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一種暗示，如果我不能做到完美，我就不夠好。我強(qiáng)忍著眼淚，留下了那一頁(yè)，但心里暗暗希望同學(xué)們不要看。)”可知，看到媽媽在簽名簿上寫的字，作者是失望的，故選A?！?6題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.(盡管我多年前就已經(jīng)記住了，但我現(xiàn)在讀它的速度變慢了，以一種新的眼光看待它。)”和最后一段“Iunderstanditnow.(我現(xiàn)在明白了。)”可知，第5段劃線的句子表示作者開始對(duì)她媽媽的話有了新的理解。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者媽媽寫的話“Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.(當(dāng)一件事剛開始時(shí)，不做完就不要離開。無(wú)論勞動(dòng)是大是小。要么做好，要么不做。)”以及最后一段的“Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.(這封信是她母親寫給她的，她正以同樣的方式傳給女兒。是她送給我的禮物。)”可知，作者的媽媽寫的這些話就是給作者的禮物，從這些話可知，作者的媽媽鼓勵(lì)作者把事情做好，故選B。CSolarpanels—alsoknownas“photovoltaic”panels—areusedtoturnsunlightintoelectricity.Mostsolarpanelsareplacedonlandinlargecollectionscalledsolarfarms.Butrecentlypeoplehavebeguntoexploreputtingfloatingsolarpanelsonwaler.Becausethesepanelsfloat,somepeoplecallthem“floatovoltacs”.Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,foatovotaicisareplacedonafloatingplatfomattachedtothebotoofalakeorreservoir(水庫(kù)).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.Theresearchersbehindthenewstudylookedat14.5555reservoirsworldwide.Theyusedcomputerprogamstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearAnd10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸發(fā))fromreservoirs.Thescientistssaythatsolarpanelscoveringjust30%ofthereservoirs’surfacescouldsaveasmuchwateras300millionpeoplewoulduseinayear.Thereareseveralotherreasonsthatmakefloatovoltaicsagoodidea.Photovoltaicpanelsworkbetterwhenthey’renotextremelyhot.Thewaterhelpscoolthepanelssothattheycreatemoreenergy.Floatovoltaicsaren’tperfect.Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.Thescientistssayitwillbeimportanttostudyhowfloatingpanelswillaffectwaterineachreservoir.Focusingfirstonman-madereservoirswillavoidsomeofthoseproblems.28.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Tolistsolarpanels’unusualfunctions.B.Toshowdisadvantagesofsolarpanelsonland.C.Tointroducetheworkabilityoffloatingsolarpanels.D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentsolarpanels.29.Howdidresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?A.Bylookingatreservoirsworldwide.B.Bymakingcomputer-aidedestimates.C.BybuildingfloatovoftaicfarmsintheUS.D.Byprocessingdatagivenbyspecialists.30.Whatdoweknowaboutfloatingsolarpanels?A.Theyareperfectexceptforthehighcost.B.Theyfunctionwellinextremehotweather.C.Theywilleventuallyreplacephotovoltaicpanels.D.Theymaycausepotentialharmtowaterecosystem.31.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.FloatingSolarPanels—MakingEnergy,SavingWaterB.FloatingSolarPanels—ANewWaytoCoolthePlanetC.FloatingSolarPanels:OurFinalChoiceD.FloatingSolarPanelsTakeUsBacktoWater〖答案〗28.C29.B30.D31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板的優(yōu)勢(shì)——既能發(fā)電又能節(jié)約水。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,foatovotaicisareplacedonafloatingplatfomattachedtothebotoofalakeorreservoir(水庫(kù)).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.(這個(gè)想法并不像看起來(lái)那么不尋常。畢竟，任何太陽(yáng)能電池板都必須是防水的，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)在雨中使用。亞洲已經(jīng)有幾個(gè)大型的浮動(dòng)光伏電站。在陸地上，太陽(yáng)能板由特殊框架支撐。在水面上，浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板被放置在附著在湖底或水庫(kù)底部的浮動(dòng)平臺(tái)上，浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板的成本比放置在陸地上的太陽(yáng)能電池板高出25%左右。)”可知，第2段的目的是介紹浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板的可操作性。故選C?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyusedcomputerprogamstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.(他們用計(jì)算機(jī)程序計(jì)算出，如果在30%的水庫(kù)上安裝浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板，每年可以產(chǎn)生多少電力。)”可知，研究人員是通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助估算來(lái)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)新研究的。故選B。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.(用面板覆蓋太多的水庫(kù)可能會(huì)影響水中的植物和動(dòng)物。)”可知，浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板可能對(duì)水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成潛在危害。故選D。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第三段“Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearAnd10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.(〖答案〗驚人地大——是美國(guó)一年發(fā)電量的兩倍多，是目前世界上所有太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電量的10倍。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸發(fā))fromreservoirs.(浮動(dòng)光伏還可以通過(guò)限制水庫(kù)的蒸發(fā)來(lái)幫助節(jié)約用水。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是主要介紹了浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板的優(yōu)勢(shì)——既能發(fā)電又能節(jié)約水，因此最好的題目是A選項(xiàng)“FloatingSolarPanels—MakingEnergy,SavingWater(浮動(dòng)太陽(yáng)能電池板——發(fā)電，節(jié)水)”。故選A。DInthelab,mostmicegoasfarastotakeelectricshocksintheirdesperationtoconsumesugar.Micearen’talone.Humansdosomethingsimilar.Dailysnackingonprocessedfoods,recentstudiesshow,rewiresthebrain’srewardcircuits(回路).AshleyGearhardt,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan,arguesthathighlyProcessedfoods,veryhighinfatandcarbohydrate,don’texistnaturally.“They’redesignedbyfoodscientiststolookacertainway,feelacertainwayinyourmouth,smellacertainwaywhenyouopenthepackage.”shesays,“Peoplearen’tlosingcontroloverbeans.”Inhighlyprocessedsnacks,sugaroftengoestogetherwithfat-acombinationthatcouldmakesuchfoodsevenmoreaddictive.Fora2023study,DeFeliceantonio’steamasked82peopletosnackoneitherhigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtsorlow-sugar,low-fatonesforeightweeks.Thescientistsdiscoverednotonlythatthefirstgroup’spreferenceforthehealthieryogurtsdecreasedafterthetrialbutthattheirbrainactivationpatternschanged,too.Whentastingfatty,sugarymilkshakes,theyhadanincreasedresponseintheirrewardcircuits.“Highlyprocessedfoodsarecontrollingthebraininawayyou’dseewithaddictiontodrugs,”DeFeliceantoniosays.In2022,GearhardtandDeFeliccantoniopublishedanopinionpieceinthejournalAddictionarguingthathighlyprocessedfoodsshouldbeclassified(分類)asaddictive.Hebebrand,apsychiatristattheUniversityofDuisburg-Essen,however,worriesthatrushingtoclassifycertainfoodsasaddictivecouldletthesugarindustrymakeaneasyescape.Itmaybefollowing“theplaybookofthetobaccoindustry.”Afterall,therewasnoclearproofthatnicotine(尼古丁)wasaddictive,either:researchersdidn’tknowthedosage(劑量)atwhichitbecameaddictive.Asaresult,theaddictivenatureoftobaccowasopposedfordecades.Consideringhighlyprocessedfoods’harmfulhealtheffects,Gearhardtarguesthatit’sbettertoriskmisclassifyinghighlyprocessedfoodsasaddictivethantofailtolabel(貼標(biāo)簽)themassuch.“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”Shesays.32.Whatdoesparagraph2suggest?A.Processedfoodsaretastierthannaturalones.B.Beansaremuchhealthierthanprocessedfoods.C.Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtoprocessedfoods.D.Thedesignofprocessedfoodstakesgreateffort.33.Accordingtothe2023study,thoseeatinghigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtshave________.A.decreasedresponsetohealthyfoodsinrewardsystemB.increasedlikelihoodofdevelopingaddictiontodrugsC.increaseddifficultyinactivatingthebrainwithdrugsD.decreasedinterestinhighlyprocessedsnacks34.WhatisHebebrand‘sattitudetowardsclassifyingsugaraddictive?A.Supportive. B.Cautious. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.35.WhatdoesGearhardtmeanbysaying“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”?A.It’stimewelabeledtobaccoasaddictive.B.Themarketwillbefilledwithprocessedfoods.C.weshouldclassifysugarasaddictivebeforeit’stoolate.D.It’samistaketohavemisclassifiedcigarettesasaddictive.〖答案〗32.C33.A34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了最近的研究表明，每天吃加工食品會(huì)重新連接大腦的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)回路，會(huì)對(duì)加工食品上癮?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AshleyGearhardt,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan,arguesthathighlyProcessedfoods,veryhighinfatandcarbohydrate,don’texistnaturally.“They’redesignedbyfoodscientiststolookacertainway,feelacertainwayinyourmouth,smellacertainwaywhenyouopenthepackage.”shesays,“Peoplearen’tlosingcontroloverbeans.””（密歇根大學(xué)臨床心理學(xué)家阿什利·吉爾哈特(AshleyGearhardt)認(rèn)為，高脂肪和高碳水化合物的高度加工食品并不是自然存在的。“它們是由食品科學(xué)家設(shè)計(jì)的，當(dāng)你打開包裝時(shí)，它們看起來(lái)有某種特定的方式，在嘴里有某種特定的感覺(jué)，聞到某種特定的味道。她說(shuō)，“人們并沒(méi)有失去對(duì)豆子的控制?！保┎⒙?lián)系第三段的“Inhighlyprocessedsnacks,sugaroftengoestogetherwithfat-acombinationthatcouldmakesuchfoodsevenmoreaddictive.

(在高度加工的零食中，糖經(jīng)常和脂肪混在一起，這一組合會(huì)使這些食物更容易上癮。)”可以推斷出人們會(huì)對(duì)加工食品上癮。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fora

2023study,DeFeliceantonio’steamasked82peopletosnackoneitherhigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtsorlow-sugar,low-fatonesforeightweeks.Thescientistsdiscoverednotonlythatthefirstgroup’spreferenceforthehealthieryogurtsdecreasedafterthetrialbutthattheirbrainactivationpatternschanged,too.Whentastingfatty,sugarymilkshakes,theyhadanincreasedresponseintheirrewardcircuits.”（在2023年的一項(xiàng)研究中，DeFeliceantonio的團(tuán)隊(duì)要求82人在八周內(nèi)食用高脂肪、高糖的酸奶或低糖、低脂的酸奶。科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅第一組人對(duì)健康酸奶的偏好在試驗(yàn)后下降了，而且他們的大腦活動(dòng)模式也發(fā)生了變化。當(dāng)品嘗高脂肪、含糖的奶昔時(shí)，他們的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)回路反應(yīng)增強(qiáng)。）可知，根據(jù)2023年的研究，那些吃高脂肪、高糖酸奶的人對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)中健康食品的反應(yīng)降低。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hebebrand,apsychiatristattheUniversityofDuisburg-Essen,however,worriesthatrushingtoclassifycertainfoodsasaddictivecouldletthesugarindustrymakeaneasyescape.Itmaybefollowing“theplaybookofthetobaccoindustry.”Afterall,therewasnoclearproofthatnicotine(尼古丁)wasaddictive,either:researchersdidn’tknowthedosage(劑量)atwhichitbecameaddictive.Asaresult,theaddictivenatureoftobaccowasopposedfordecades.”（然而，杜伊斯堡-埃森大學(xué)的精神病學(xué)家Hebebrand擔(dān)心，急于將某些食物歸類為成癮食品可能會(huì)讓制糖業(yè)輕松逃脫。它可能是在遵循“煙草業(yè)的劇本”。畢竟，沒(méi)有明確的證據(jù)表明尼古丁會(huì)上癮，研究人員也不知道尼古丁上癮的劑量。因此，煙草的成癮性被反對(duì)了幾十年。）可推知，Hebebrand對(duì)糖上癮歸類的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Consideringhighlyprocessedfoods’harmfulhealtheffects,Gearhardtarguesthatit’sbettertoriskmisclassifyinghighlyprocessedfoodsasaddictivethantofailtolabel(貼標(biāo)簽)themassuch.“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”Shesays.”（考慮到深加工食品對(duì)健康的有害影響，Gearhardt認(rèn)為，與其不給深加工食品貼上這樣的標(biāo)簽，還不如冒險(xiǎn)將其錯(cuò)誤地歸類為成癮性食品?！跋銦熡謥?lái)了?！彼f(shuō)。）可推知，Gearhardt說(shuō)的“香煙又來(lái)了”意思是我們應(yīng)該趁早把糖歸類為成癮性食物。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thereyouwere,sittinginaclassroom,practicingwritinglettersandwords.Maybeyouwereprinting(手寫印劇字體)them,ormaybeyouwerelearningcursive(草體).Atsomepoint,youprobablyaskedyourself,“WhydoIneedtoknowhowtowritewhenall1needistopressthekeysonacomputer?”___36___Italsohelpsyouremembertheinformationthatyouwritedown.___37___Actually,beginnerprintingisusuallyverymessy,andsometimeswecannoteventellwhatthelettersare.Also,theshapeofeachlettercanchangeeachtimeachildtriestowriteit.Butrememberthateverytimeachildseesaletterthatlooksalittledifferentbutstillhasthesamename,ithelpsthechild’sbraintolearnthatletter.Researchhasalsoshownthatifyouwrotesomethingbyhand,youwouldrememberitbetterthanifyoutypeditonyourcomputer!Whydoesthishappen?___38___Butspeedmaybetheproblem!Whenwetypeinformation,wetendtotypeexactlywhattheteacherissaying.Withoutthinkingaboutit.Writingbyhandtakeslonger,sowecannotrecordeverythingtheteachersays.Whenwriting,wetendtoputthingsintoourownwordsorsummarizewhattheteachersays.___39___Insummary,writingbyhandcanhelpyoulearnnewthingslikeletters,butitalsoallowsyoutorememberinformationbetterthanifyoutypedit.Itdoesnotmatterhowyouwrite—printing,cursive,abbreviations(宿寫).___40___So,keepwriting!A.Thatmakesthingsaloteasier.B.Itjustmattersthatyouwritebyhand.C.Surelyitisquickertotypeduringalecturethantowrite,right?D.Whatdidyourprintinglooklikewhenyoufirststartedtowrite?E.Inaway,takingnotesbyhandisawayofstudyingwhilewearelearning!F.Well,inshort,writingbyhandhelpsyoulearnasetofsymbolsmoreeasily.G.Whenpeoplewriteletters,theyactivelyseeandfeelthelettersbeingwritten.〖答案〗36.F37.D38.C39.E40.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是手寫字的好處。【36題詳析】空前“Atsomepoint,youprobablyaskedyourself,“WhydoIneedtoknowhowtowritewhenall1needistopressthekeysonacomputer?”(在某些時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)問(wèn)自己，“當(dāng)我所需要的只是按電腦上的鍵時(shí)，為什么我需要知道如何寫？”)”說(shuō)明我們需要用手寫字，空后“Italsohelpsyouremembertheinformationthatyouwritedown.(它還可以幫助你記住你寫下的信息。)”說(shuō)明了用手寫字的好處，由also可知，空格處也應(yīng)該講用手寫字的一個(gè)好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Well,inshort,writingbyhandhelpsyoulearnasetofsymbolsmoreeasily.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，手寫可以幫助你更容易地學(xué)習(xí)一組符號(hào)。)”是用手寫的一個(gè)好處，也是空前那個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?7題詳析】空后“Actually,beginnerprintingisusuallyverymessy,andsometimeswecannoteventellwhatthelettersare.(實(shí)際上，初學(xué)字體通常很亂，有時(shí)我們甚至不知道字母是什么。)”說(shuō)明了初學(xué)者寫的字很亂，空格處應(yīng)該是問(wèn)“你剛開始學(xué)寫字時(shí)寫的字是什么樣的”，D選項(xiàng)“Whatdidyourprintinglooklikewhenyoufirststartedtowrite?(當(dāng)你第一次開始寫作時(shí)，你的字體是什么樣子的？)”提出你剛學(xué)寫字時(shí)的字體是什么樣的這個(gè)問(wèn)題，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?8題詳析】空前“Researchhasalsoshownthatifyouwrotesomethingbyhand,youwouldrememberitbetterthanifyoutypeditonyourcomputer!(研究還表明，如果你手寫一些東西，你會(huì)比在電腦上把它們打出來(lái)記得更好！)”說(shuō)明手寫有利于記住東西，空后“Butspeedmaybetheproblem!(但速度可能是問(wèn)題所在！)”說(shuō)明了速度快反而是問(wèn)題，空格處應(yīng)該指出在電腦上打字更快，C選項(xiàng)“Surelyitisquickertotypeduringalecturethantowrite,right?(上課時(shí)打字肯定比寫字快，對(duì)吧？)”說(shuō)明了在電腦上打字更快，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?9題詳析】空前“Whenwetypeinformation,wetendtotypeexactlywhattheteacherissaying.Withoutthinkingaboutit.Writingbyhandtakeslonger,sowecannotrecordeverythingtheteachersays.Whenwriting,wetendtoputthingsintoourownwordsorsummarizewhattheteachersays.(當(dāng)我們輸入信息時(shí)，我們傾向于準(zhǔn)確地輸入老師所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。想都不用想。手寫需要更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，所以我們不能把老師說(shuō)的每一句話都記錄下來(lái)。在寫作時(shí)，我們傾向于用自己的話來(lái)表達(dá)，或者總結(jié)老師所說(shuō)的話。)”說(shuō)明我們手寫時(shí)傾向于用自己的話來(lái)表達(dá)，或者總結(jié)老師所說(shuō)的話，這說(shuō)明手寫更有利于學(xué)習(xí)，E選項(xiàng)“Inaway,takingnotesbyhandisawayofstudyingwhilewearelearning!(在某種程度上，手寫筆記是我們學(xué)習(xí)的一種學(xué)習(xí)方式！)”說(shuō)明了手寫筆記是學(xué)習(xí)的一種方式，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳析】空前“Insummary,writingbyhandcanhelpyoulearnnewthingslikeletters,butitalsoallowsyoutorememberinformationbetterthanifyoutypedit.Itdoesnotmatterhowyouwrite—printing,cursive,abbreviations(宿寫).(總之，手寫可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)新的東西，比如字母，但它也能讓你比打字更好地記住信息。不管你怎么寫，印刷體，草書，縮寫。)”說(shuō)明了手寫是很有好處的，空后“So,keepwriting!(所以，繼續(xù)寫！)”說(shuō)明了要繼續(xù)寫，因此空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)手寫是重要的，B選項(xiàng)“Itjustmattersthatyouwritebyhand.(重要的是你要手寫。)”說(shuō)明了手寫很重要，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小顏1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EveryJune,ourchildrenaregivenbowlstocollectleaves.Theyleavebowlsfullofleavesonthedoorstepandwegofora___41___.Whenwereturn,wefindfairies(仙子)have___42___theleavesintoicecream.“Whenarethefairiescoming?”five-year-oldAnnahadbeenaskingalllastJune,with___43___Meanwhile,Joshua,ten,was___44___fairiesandsuchsillythings.HefoundMomwouldalways.___45___somethingandreturnhomeduringourwalk.Theeveningarrivedandwefollowedthetradition.Halfway,IsaidthatIhadforgottenmykeysandneededto___46___.Joshua,smiledasifhe___47___everything.“Wait,”Iadded.“I’vefoundthem!Idon’thavetogoback.”Joshuagotabit___48___.Whenwewereback,thebowlswerestillthere.___49___,itwasfilledwithicecream.Annaacceptedallthiswithcomplete___50___,excitedtoeat.ButJoshuawassurprised.Helookedupatmeandlookedaroundin___51___.Joshuawasquiettheentireevening.Butat2a.m.,hecrawled(爬)intomybed.“Mommy,”he___52___.“Howdidyoudoit?”Foraten-year-old,youneedtotellhimthe___53___.Aneighbourhelpedme.Joshuasmiledand___54___mefortellinghim.Thenhefellasleep.Andjustatthatmoment,Ibelievedin___55___too.41.A.walk B.talk C.snack D.ride42.A.poured B.added C.turned D.threw43.A.satisfaction B.doubt C.pride D.expectation44.A.gettingwiseto B.gettingusedto C.lookingforwardto D.lookingupto45.A.purchase B.restore C.forget D.consume46.A.liedown B.setoff C.goback D.lookaround47.A.hid B.prepared C.controlled D.knew48.A.bitter B.confused C.worried D.enthusiastic49.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Instead50.A.determination B.ignorance C.courage D.curiosity51.A.horror B.relief C.hesitation D.amazement52.A.responded B.declared C.shouted D.whispered53.A.truth B.plot C.evidence D.phenomenon54.A.forgave B.rewarded C.thanked D.touched55.A.strength B.magic C.trust D.motivation〖答案〗41.A42.C43.D44.A45.C46.C47.D48.B49.A50.B51.D52.D53.A54.C55.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了每年六月，作者的孩子們都會(huì)拿碗來(lái)收集樹葉，他們外出散步回來(lái)后會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)仙女們把樹葉變成了冰淇淋。十歲的孩子約書亞知道這一切都是作者變的，然而某一天作者在散步的時(shí)候回去把樹葉換成冰淇淋，結(jié)果他們回家的時(shí)候碗里還是有冰淇淋，約書亞對(duì)此感到十分驚訝，最后作者告訴他是鄰居的幫忙?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把裝滿樹葉的碗放在門階上，我們出去散步。A.walk走路；B.talk談話；C.snack吃點(diǎn)心；D.ride騎車。根據(jù)后文“duringourwalk”可知，孩子把裝滿樹葉的碗放在門階上，然后去散步。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們回來(lái)時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)仙女們把樹葉變成了冰淇淋。A.poured傾倒；B.added增加；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎；D.threw扔。根據(jù)后文“theleavesintoicecream”可知，此處表示“把……變成……”，短語(yǔ)為turnsth.intosth.。故選C。【43題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“仙女們什么時(shí)候來(lái)？”去年六月，五歲的安娜一直懷著期待問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。A.satisfaction滿意；B.doubt懷疑；C.pride驕傲；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)上文“Whenarethefairiescoming?”可知，安娜期待仙女的到來(lái)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，十歲的約書亞開始對(duì)仙女和這種愚蠢的東西有了認(rèn)識(shí)。A.gettingwiseto意識(shí)到；B.gettingusedto習(xí)慣于；C.lookingforwardto期待；D.lookingupto尊敬。根據(jù)后文十歲的約書亞面對(duì)作者的謊言笑而不語(yǔ)，由此可知，他知道冰淇淋是作者變的。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽總是在我們散步的時(shí)候忘記什么東西就回家了。A.purchase購(gòu)買；B.restore恢復(fù)；C.forget忘記；D.consume消耗。根據(jù)后文“Ihadforgottenmykeys”指借口忘記帶東西，然后回家。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：中途，我說(shuō)我忘記帶鑰匙了，需要回去。A.liedown躺下；B.setoff出發(fā)；C.goback回去；D.lookaround環(huán)顧四周。根據(jù)后文“Idon’thavetogoback.”可知，作者謊稱自己忘了帶鑰匙，要回家去。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：約書亞笑了，好像他什么都知道似的。A.hid隱藏；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.controlled控制；D.knew知道。根據(jù)上文“fairiesandsuchsillythings”可知，十歲的約書亞知道是作者變出來(lái)的冰淇淋，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：約書亞有點(diǎn)困惑。A.bitter苦澀的；B.confused困惑的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。上文““Wait,”Iadded.“I’vefoundthem!Idon’thavetogoback.”(“等等，”我補(bǔ)充道。“我找到了！我不需要回去?！?”提到作者說(shuō)自己找到鑰匙了，不需要回去，約書亞對(duì)作者這一改變感到困惑。故選B。【49題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，里面裝滿了冰淇淋。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否則；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead反而。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however。故選A。【50題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：安娜完全無(wú)知地接受了這一切，興奮地吃著。A.determination決心；B.ignorance無(wú)知；C.courage勇氣；D.curiosity好奇心。根據(jù)上文“Annaacceptedallthiswithcomplete”可知，安娜對(duì)發(fā)生的事情一無(wú)所知，興奮地吃著冰淇淋。故選B。【51題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他抬頭看著我，驚奇地環(huán)顧四周。A.horror恐怖；B.relief寬慰；C.hesitation猶豫；D.amazement驚訝。根據(jù)上文“ButJoshuawassurprised.(但是約書亞很驚訝)”可知，此處指約書亞驚奇地環(huán)顧四周。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他低聲說(shuō)：“媽媽，你怎么辦到的？”A.responded回答；B.declared宣布；C.shouted叫喊；D.whispered低語(yǔ)。根據(jù)上文“Joshuawasquiettheentireevening.Butat2a.m.,hecrawledintomybed.(約書亞整個(gè)晚上都很安靜。但在凌晨?jī)牲c(diǎn)，他爬上了我的床)”可知，約書亞一整晚都在思考作者是怎么辦到的，于是晚上爬上作者的床，悄悄詢問(wèn)作者。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于一個(gè)10歲的孩子，你需要告訴他真相。A.truth真理；B.plot情節(jié)；C.evidence證據(jù)；D.phenomenon現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)后文“Aneighbourhelpedme.(一位鄰居幫助了我)”可知，作者告訴了約書亞真相。故選A。【54題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：約書亞笑了，感謝我告訴他。A.forgave原諒；B.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.thanked感謝；D.touched觸動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“mefortellinghim”可知，約書亞為媽媽告訴自己真相而感謝媽媽。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我也相信了魔法。A.strength力量；B.magic魔法；C.trust信任；D.motivation動(dòng)機(jī)。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者的孩子安娜相信是仙女們把樹葉變成了冰淇淋，而十歲的孩子約書亞半夜兩點(diǎn)在得知真相后才睡去，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)只有magic與文章中“仙女”的主題相關(guān)聯(lián)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題:每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thesheepskinraft,theoldestferrytoolalongtheYellowRiver,hasahistoryofnearly2.000years.Theairbagoftheraftismadeofawholesheepskinandexperiencesprocessesthatinclude___56___(heat),soaking,sewing,dryingandblowing.Afterwards,theairbagsareattached___57___awoodenstand,enablingitsusefortransportingpeopleandgoodsacrossthewater.Itissaidthatthe___58___(large)sheepskinraftinoldtimesconsistedofmorethan600sheepskinairbags,withanimpressivelengthof22metersanda___59___(wide)of7meters.___60___railwayswerenotyetinoperationandroadtrafficwasinconvenientintheearly20thcentury,thesheepskinraft___61___(serve)asthemostimportantme