2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit1FoodforthoughtSectionⅡUsinglanguage學(xué)案外研版必修第二冊

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.functionn．作用；(事物的)功能v．起作用?Comparedtothetradition,theyhavethreenewuniquefunctions.與傳統(tǒng)的相比，他們有三個新的獨(dú)特功能。?Wehaveasparebedroomthatalsofunctionsasastudy.我們有一個額外的臥房也可以充當(dāng)書房。[歸納探究]thefunctionoftheheart心臟的功能perform/fulfilafunction發(fā)揮功能；履行職責(zé)functionas起……作用[圖形助記]Halfoftheroomfunctionsasthestudy.這個房間的一半充當(dāng)書房。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Despitethepowercuts,thehospitalcontinuedto______________________(正常運(yùn)行).②Inyournewjobyouwill____________________________(履行很多不同的職責(zé)).2.dietn．日常飲食v．節(jié)食?Goodhealthisconnectedwithahealthydiet.良好的健康狀況與健康的飲食有關(guān)。?Haveyoubeenonadiet？You'velostalotofweight.你在節(jié)食嗎？你已經(jīng)瘦了好多了。[歸納探究]ahealthy/balanced/poordiet健康的/均衡的/糟糕的飲食beonadiet在節(jié)食(表示狀態(tài))goonadiet起先節(jié)食(表示動作)haveabalanceddiet具有平衡的飲食[聯(lián)想拓展]與“飲食和體重”相關(guān)的詞和短語：overeatv．吃得過多，暴食loseweight減輕體重gain/putonweight增加體重keepfit保持健康stayhealthy保持健康slimv.減肥；變苗條adj.苗條的[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Tokeepfit,weshouldhave________________________(均衡的飲食)andtakeexerciseeveryday.②Idecidedto____________________________(節(jié)食)beforemyholiday.③Iwon'thaveanyicecream.I________________________(正在節(jié)食).3.addictn．對……著迷的人vt.使……上癮?TheyoungguyisaddictedtosurfingtheInternet.這個年輕人沉迷于上網(wǎng)。?Onceyougetaddictedtodrugs,youwillhavedifficultyingettingridofthem.一旦你對毒品上癮，就會很難戒掉。[歸納探究]aTVaddict電視迷adrugaddict吸毒成癮的人be/become/getaddictedto對……上癮；沉迷于……(to是介詞)[聯(lián)想拓展]addictedadj.上癮的；對……著迷的addictiveadj.使人上癮的；使人入迷的addictionn.癮；入迷，嗜好如：addictivedrugs令人上癮的毒品，addictivebehaviour成癮的行為[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Whatheisworriedaboutisthathissonhasbeenaddictedto________(play)computergames.②Tobaccoishighly________(addict)becauseitcontainsnicotine.③Smokingisaharmfulhabitandmakespeople________(addict)oncetheystartdoingit.4.customn．風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣，傳統(tǒng)?Youshouldadaptyourselftolocalcustomswhenyougotoanewcountry.當(dāng)你到一個新的國家，你應(yīng)當(dāng)使自己適應(yīng)于當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。?InJapanitisthecustomtotakeoffyourshoeswhenyouenterahouse.在日本，進(jìn)門脫鞋是一種風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。[歸納探究]alocalcustom當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣thecustomofdoingsth.做某事的習(xí)俗itisthecustom(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是習(xí)慣[易錯提示]custom的復(fù)數(shù)形式customs還可以表示“海關(guān)”：acustomsofficer海關(guān)官員。[即學(xué)即練]選詞填空custom/habit①ThecelebrationoftheSpringFestivalinChinaisa__________．②Hehasformedabad____________ofsmokingsinceanearlyage.③Thereisanice____________inthearea.That'stosay,peoplehaveformedthe________ofgettingtogetherforcelebratingharvest.5.trickn．訣竅，技巧，技法；惡作劇vt.欺瞞?Thetrickistopicktheanimalupbythebackofitsneck.竅門是捉住這種動物頸部后面把它拿起來。?ChildrenliketoplaytricksoneachotheronAprilFool'sDay.在愚人節(jié)那天，孩子們喜愛彼此戲弄。[歸納探究]playatrick/tricksonsb.戲弄某人tricksb.intodoingsth.欺瞞某人做某事tricksb.outofsth.從某人處騙走某物[聯(lián)想拓展]表示“戲弄”的詞或短語：teasev．取笑；戲弄laughat訕笑makefunof取笑makeafoolof愚弄makeajokeofsth.以某事為笑柄[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theyoungmanclaimedhewastrickedinto____________(carry)drugs.②Theoldwoman____________(trick)outofherlifesavings.③I'mafraidtheotherkidswilllaugh____________mebecauseIdon'tunderstand.6.handlen．柄，把手vt.處理(＝dealwith)?Sheturnedthehandleandslowlyopenedthedoor.她轉(zhuǎn)動把手，緩緩開了門。?Totellthetruth,Idon'tknowifIcanhandlethejobwell.說實(shí)在的，我不知道我是否可以處理好這個工作。[歸納探究]thehandleofaknife刀柄turnthehandle轉(zhuǎn)動把手handle...well/properly/successfully很好地/妥當(dāng)?shù)?勝利地處理……h(huán)andleaproblem處理問題[熟詞生義]handledifficultcustomers應(yīng)付苛刻的顧客handlestress調(diào)整壓力[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineer____________(handle)theproblem.②Wehavetheconfidenceandtheability____________(handle)thisimportantmatterwell.③Mostcustomersweresatisfiedwiththewaytheircomplaints____________(handle).7.differv．不同，不一樣，有區(qū)分；(看法)有分歧?Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatlyinsizeandshape.在各種各樣的樹上都能發(fā)覺樹葉，但是他們在大小和形態(tài)方面各不相同。?Ihavetodifferwithyouonthat.對于那一點(diǎn)，我不得不和你持不同看法。[歸納探究]differin在……方面不同differfrom與……不同bedifferentfrom與……不同bedifferentin在……方面不同[聯(lián)想拓展]differ的名詞形式為difference(差異)，表示詳細(xì)不同之處時是可數(shù)名詞，表示抽象概念時是不行數(shù)名詞。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thetwostudentsdiffer________oneanother________theirabilitytohandlestress.②Medicalopinion____________(differ)astohowtotreatthedisease.③There'sabig____________(differ)betweenknowingthatsomethingistrue,andbeingabletoproveit.8.attackv．侵襲，侵蝕；攻擊；攻擊；抨擊n．損害，損害；攻擊；攻擊；抨擊；(疾病的)發(fā)作?Theydidn'tunderstandwhytheygotattacked.他們不明白他們?yōu)槭裁词艿焦簟?Mostdogswillnotattackpeopleiftheyareleftalone.大多數(shù)狗假如讓它們單獨(dú)待著不會攻擊人。?Hehasbeenattackedwithdiseasesfortenyears.10年來他始終病魔纏身。?Howwilltheyreactwhentheattackersgetattacked?攻擊者受到了攻擊，他們會如何反應(yīng)？?Theattackwassosuddenthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.攻擊如此突然，敵人來不及逃跑。?Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.當(dāng)動物受到攻擊時，它會逃跑或還擊。?Mrs.Greenhadaheartattack.Butluckily,thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.格林太太心臟病發(fā)作了。但幸運(yùn)的是，醫(yī)生剛好來救了她的命。[歸納探究](1)attacktheenemy攻擊敵人be/getattacked受到攻擊；被攻擊attackthefootballteam抨擊該足球隊(duì)attacksb.withsth.用某物攻擊某人attacksb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而抨擊某人(2)makeanattackon發(fā)起對……的攻擊/抨擊underattack受到攻擊be/comeunderattack受到攻擊/抨擊have/sufferaheartattack心臟病發(fā)作[一言助記]Ifyouareunderattack,willyoumakeanattackonthosewhoattackyou?假如你受到攻擊，你會向攻擊你的人發(fā)起攻擊嗎？[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey're________attackbyinsectsordiseases.②Theschoolhascome________attackforfailingtoencouragebrightpupils.③Hisspeechiswidelyseenasanattack________theeducationsystem.④Thegeneralcommandedthatthesoldiersshouldmakeanattack________theenemy.⑤Travellingtoforestscanalsobedangerousaspeoplehavetofacetheriskof________(attack)byanimals.9.recommendv．舉薦，建議?Wouldyourecommendmeagooddictionary?＝Wouldyourecommendagooddictionarytome?你能給我舉薦一本好詞典嗎？?Herecommendedreadingthebookbeforeseeingthemovie.他建議先看這本書，再去看這部電影。?Irecommendyou(should)gobysubway.我建議你坐地鐵去。?It'sstronglyrecommendedthattheancienttraditions(should)bekeptup.劇烈建議保持古老的傳統(tǒng)。?Doyouthinkagoodfaceisaletterofrecommendation?你認(rèn)為美麗的面孔就是介紹信嗎？[歸納探究]recommendsth.tosb.向某人舉薦某物recommendsb.for...舉薦某人做(某職位)recommendsb.as...舉薦某人作為……recommenddoingsth.建議做某事recommendthatsb.(should)dosth.建議某人做某事It's(strongly)recommendedthat...(should)do...(劇烈)建議……recommendationn.舉薦[要點(diǎn)必記]在recommend(建議)后的從句中要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。有類似用法的還有advise,order,suggest(建議)等。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①OfthetwotripstotheYangtzeRiverandMountTai,botharehighly________(recommend).②MyEnglishteacherrecommended________(see)Englishfilms,whichwouldbeofgreathelptomystudies.③Irecommendyou________(think)verycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.④Itisstronglyrecommendedthatthemachine________(check)everyyear.⑤Irecommendedthegirl________theshopkeeperasashopassistant.⑥Thankyouforrecommendingme________thepositionofamanager.10.(教材P6)Allyouhavetodoisselectthephotosofhealthyfood.你所要做的就是選擇健康食物的照片。[句式解構(gòu)]不定式作表語，前有do后可省略to主語部分含有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可以省略to。不定式作表語/betodo...表將來結(jié)構(gòu)?Theonlythingforyoutodonowis(to)apologise.你現(xiàn)在唯一要做的事就是致歉。(不定式作表語，此時主語和表語可互換位置，句意不變)?Youaretoberewarded.你應(yīng)當(dāng)被嘉獎。(betodo...結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①WhenIwaslittle,myfavouritethingtodowas________(play)ontheswings.②Theyare________(marry)nextweek.熟登記列重要單詞及短語①withinprep.在……里②tipn.指引，建議③workout設(shè)法弄懂④havetheabilitytodo有實(shí)力做某事⑤tablemanners餐桌禮儀⑥benoexception……也不例外⑦incase以防萬一⑧WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入鄉(xiāng)隨俗⑨add...to...把……加到……上⑩incredibleadj.難以置信的→incrediblyadv.極端地，特別地情態(tài)動詞(1)一、語法現(xiàn)象感知①NeitherhenorIwasabletounderstandher.②IamsoafraidthatIdarenotmove.③Ihavetofinishmyworktonight.④Youhadbettercomparethiswordwiththatone.⑤Youneedn'tfinishthatworktoday.二、語法規(guī)則理解1．由句①可知，beableto“能夠”表示“________”，可用于各種時態(tài)。2．由句②可知，dare表示“敢；敢于”，用作情態(tài)動詞時，一般只用于________或疑問句中。3．由句③可知，haveto“不得不”可看作情態(tài)動詞，其意義和________很相像，但強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀須要。4．由句④可知，hadbetter“最好……”表示一種____________。5．由句⑤可知，need“須要”作情態(tài)動詞時，常用于________________或疑問句中。微點(diǎn)撥情態(tài)動詞具有下列特點(diǎn)：①具有助動詞的作用，可以用來構(gòu)成否定句、疑問句及用于簡潔回答；②后接動詞原形；③一般無人稱和數(shù)的改變，但有些半情態(tài)動詞例外，如：haveto；④有確定的詞義，但并不完整，必需與動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞(1)1．beableto的用法(1)beableto意為“能夠”，表示實(shí)力，后跟動詞原形，todo一般用主動式，不用被動式。?Hewasabletospeakfivelanguages.他能講5種語言。(2)beableto還可表示“勝利地做了某事”，can無此義。?Ifinishedmyworkearly,soIwasabletogototheconcertthisafternoon.我早就把工作做完了，所以今日下午我可以去參與音樂會。(3)beableto可有現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時，而can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)。?Ishallbeabletocometomorrow.我明天能來。?Shesaidshehadnotbeenabletocomeearlier.她說她沒有能夠來得更早一些。2．dare的用法(1)dare用作情態(tài)動詞一般用于否定句或疑問句，后跟動詞原形，其否定式干脆在dare后加not；構(gòu)成疑問句時把dare提前。?Shedarenotdoit.她不敢做那件事。?Dareyoudoit？你敢做那件事嗎？(2)dare作為情態(tài)動詞也可用于條件狀語從句中。?Iwon'tallowyoutoswimacrosstheriver,evenifyoudaredoit.Thecurrentistooswift.即使你敢游過河我也不允許。水流太急了。(3)Idaresay...我認(rèn)為……；我敢說……?Howdareyoudo...？你怎敢……？?Idaresaymyunclewillgetthemoney.我認(rèn)為我叔叔將得到這筆錢。?HowdareyousayI'munfair？你怎敢說我不公允？3．haveto的用法(1)haveto表示“必需，不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀須要。否定形式為don'thaveto，表示“不必”。?Youhavetoworkhardnowadaystomakealiving.如今，為了生活，你就得努力工作。(2)must也表示“必需”，但著重表示說話人的主觀看法。?YoumustdowhatItellyou.你必需根據(jù)我告知你的去做。(3)must表示“必需”只有現(xiàn)在時形式，而haveto能用于更多時態(tài)(將來時和過去時)。?Wehadtobethereatten.我們得在十點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)那里。?Ishallhavetogotothedentistsoonaboutmybadtooth.我得快一點(diǎn)到牙科醫(yī)生那里去看蛀牙。4．hadbetter的用法hadbetterdo...最好做……(有時可省去had)，表示一種建議或愿望。其否定式是hadbetternotdo...；構(gòu)成反義疑問句時，當(dāng)陳述部分為確定形式時，疑問部分用“hadn't＋sb./sth.”。?Youhadbetterstayinbedifyouareill.你要是病了最好躺在床上。?Bettersayyes,iftheyaskyou.假如他們問你，你最好說“是”。?You'dbetternotbotherhimbecauseheisangrywithyou.你最好不要去打攪他，因?yàn)樗谏愕臍狻?He'dbettergotoseeadoctoratonce,hadn'the？他最好立刻去看醫(yī)生，不是嗎？5．need的用法need用作情態(tài)動詞時表示“須要”或“必需”，其用法如下：(1)只能用在疑問句和否定句中。?Needheworksohard？他須要這么用功嗎？?Youneedn'tworryaboutit.你不必為此擔(dān)憂。(2)在確定句中，它被must或haveto所取代。?—NeedIcome?—Yes,youmust.——我須要來嗎？——須要。?Youneedn'tseehim,butImust.你不必去看他，但我必需去。(3)“need＋動詞原形”通常表示現(xiàn)在和將來，從上下文可以看出是指過去時間時，也可以表示過去。?Sheneednotcome.她不必來。(現(xiàn)在或?qū)??Weweretoldthatweneedn'tdothat.我們被告知不必做那件事。微點(diǎn)撥need和dare除了可作情態(tài)動詞外，還可用作實(shí)義動詞，具備實(shí)義動詞的用法，后跟動詞不定式（dare后的不定式符號to可以省去），可用于各種句式中，構(gòu)成否定句或疑問句時須要借助助動詞do。need作實(shí)義動詞常用于下列句式：,sb.needtodosth.某人須要做某事（主語與do是主動關(guān)系）；sth./sb.needdoing/tobedone某事/某人須要被……（主語與do為被動關(guān)系）Heneedstowinthisgametostayinthematch.為了不被淘汰出局，他得贏下這場競賽。Doyouneedanyhelp？你須要幫忙嗎？Mybikeneedsmending/tobemended.我的自行車須要修理了。Hedidn'tdare（to）saywhathethought.他不敢說出他的想法。Don'tyoudare（to）talktomelikethat！你怎么敢跟我那樣講話！[即時檢測1]單句語法填空①Youhadbetternot________(talk)withstrangers.②—NeedIfinishthatworktoday?—Yes,you________．③Doyouneed________(get)readyforyourspeech?④Theyhadbetternotgotheretogether,________they?⑤Shehastoworkhardforherfamily,________she?[即時檢測2]完成句子①你比我更有實(shí)力做這件事。You__________________________thanIam.②假如我們要趕9：30的火車，就得快點(diǎn)。We__________________________ifwearegoingtocatchthe9：30train.③國王脾氣極壞，以致沒有人敢告知他這個壞消息。Thekingwassohot-temperedthatnoone__________________________．④我們沒有必要站在這里被雨淋。We______________________intherain.⑤吸煙通常被看成是一種壞習(xí)慣，你最好把它戒了。Smokingisusuallyreferredtoasabadhabit.You________________．Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Ihavedownloadedadietapplication,whichhasmany________(作用).2．Ifyouareasugar________(對……著迷的人)andaren'tabletosaynotochocolateorcola,youhadbetterdownloaditnow!3．Accordingtolocalcustoms,itisnotgood________(禮儀)toeattoofast.4．Ifyoutakeabigbite,thefruitwilltasteslightly________(有苦味的).5．Iamnotabletohandlethisdifficultproblem.Couldyou________(舉薦)sometipstome?6．Thesugarinsoftdrinksformsacidand________(侵蝕)ourteethforabout20minutes.7．Canyoutellmethe________(訣竅)ofkeepingalongmarriage?8．Mostdoctorsthinkpeople'shealthisclosely________(相關(guān)的)totheirdiet.9．TherearemanyEastertraditionsand________(風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣).ThemosttypicalfoodisEastereggs.TherabbitisalsoasymbolofEaster.10．Shareyourtipswithfriendsor________(下載)themtoyourcomputer.Ⅱ.短語填空functionas,berelatedto,onabalanceddiet,beaddictedto,incase,playatrickon,incaseof,differfrom...in...,comeunderattack,withinreach1．Inmyopinion,thebestwaytostayhealthyistakingproperphysicalexerciseplusliving________________．2．AtypicalPDAcan________________amobilephone,faxsender,andpersonalorganizer.3．Beforemarriage,thisyoungman______________computergames.4．Shesufferedalot.Herillness________________thissortofpoison.5．Accordingtoarecentstudy,allourhopesanddreamsare________________onlyifwebelieveinourselves.6．Youshouldlearnsocialmannersinadvance________________yougetinanembarrassingsituation.7．Theoldmanneedstotakepillswithhimwhenhetravels________________aheartattack.8．Thechildren________________himbyputtingaplateofstinkytofuinhisbakery.9．Theword“super”________“supper”________meaning,spellingandpronunciation,whichmayconfuseus.10．Thelocalgovernmenthas________________becauseitcannotperformitsduefunctions.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．DuringWorldWarⅡ，manyundergroundstationsinLondonfunctioned________bombshelters.2．Nosugar,butterorcheeseforme,please.Iamgoingon________dietnow.3．Smokingisaharmfulcustomandmakesone________(addict)oncehestarts.4．Toaddmoreyogurttoyoureverydaydiet,herearesomeuseful________(tip).5．Hertipswillremindyouofgoodtable________(manner)—don'ttalkwithyourmouthfull.6．Themeatballiscookedthrough,whichlookedslightlypinkinside.________(incredible)softandjuicy—itmeltsinthemouth!7．MaybeI'llfallinlove________stinkytofusomeday.8．Ioftenendup________(save)partofmymealforthenextday.9．Shestronglyrecommendedthatwehaveteaand________(catch)uponeachother'sdays.10．Whatdoestheauthormean________saying“oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison”？Ⅳ.單句語法填空(填入恰當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞)1．Ilikeeatinghotpot,andIthoughtit________beeasytocook.2．Itwasreallyannoying;I________getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.3．It'sstrangethathe________havetakenthecheesecakeswithouttheowner'spermission.