Unit1OurLivingPlanetWeletotheunitReading課件高中英語譯林版（2020）選修第一冊

B8U1OurlivingplanetWelcometotheunitWhatarethecommonlyrecognizedsevennaturalwondersoftheworldDiscussionMountEverest(locatedalongChina-Nepalborder)ParicutinVolcano(帕里庫汀火山，inMexico)theGrandCanyon(intheUnitedSates)VictoriaFalls(alongtheborderbetweenZambiaandZimbabwe)TheHarborofRiodeJaneiro(里約熱內(nèi)盧港，inBrazil)GreatBarrierReef(inAustralia)NorthernLights(北極光，seeninseveralcountriessuchastheUSA,Canada,etc.)MountEverest(locatedalongChina-Nepalborder)ParicutinVolcano(inMexico)theGrandCanyon(intheUnitedSates)VictoriaFalls(alongtheborderbetweenZambiaandZimbabwe)TheHarborofRiodeJaneiro(inBrazil)GreatBarrierReef(inAustralia)NorthernLightsmovementsmineralsAustraliaLookatthepicturesandtellwhatyouknowaboutthem.ZhangyeUNESCOGlobalGeopark

張掖世界地質(zhì)公園Location:inZhangyeUNESCOGlobalGeopark,ChinaFeatures:multicolouredfoldsofrocksCauses:whicharecausedby

oftheEarth’splatesandcarvedbywindsandrain.movementsPamukkaleinTurkey

土耳其棉花堡Location:Pamukkale,TurkeyFeatures:the“cottoncandy”landscape,awaterfulofrockCauses:resultingfrom

leftbyflowingwater.mineralsLakeHillier希利爾湖Location:LakeHiller,

.Features:thesoftpinkofitsstillwatersCauses:whichisbelievedtobecausedbyamicroorganism.AustriliaInallthingsofnaturethereissomethingofthemarvellous.-Aristotle自然界包羅萬象，蘊藏著奇妙之處。——亞里士多德B8U1OurlivingplanetReadingTheoceanisfullofmagicandmystery.WhatdoyouknowabouttheworldbeneaththeoceanTheoceancoversaround71%ofthesurfaceofourplanet.Onlyasmallpercentageoftheoceanbelowthesurfacehasbeenexploredandcharted.However,thepartsthatwehave

exploredcontaininterestingfinds.Wehavefoundthe

bluewhale,whichisthelargest

known

livinganimalontheEarth.Wehavealsofounda65,000-kilometre-long

mountainrangebeneaththeocean,whichistheworld’slongest.Therearealsomanyspectacularunderwatervolcanoes.Theoceanwasdividedintodifferentzonesbasedondepthfromthesurfaceforeaseofstudies.Whatarethedifferentzones200metersTheopenocean/Sunlightzone(透光區(qū))Sunlightrarelypenetrates(穿透)beyondthiszone.Twilightzone(暮光區(qū))Sunlightdecreasesrapidlywithdepth.

Thedeepocean(深海區(qū))Sunlightdoesnotpenetrateatall.Wouldyoudivetotheoceanbottomifyouhadthechance?Whyorwhynot?Nowlet'sreadadocumentarytranscripttolearnmoreabouttheamazingworldbeneaththeocean.atextdocumentthatthevideofileanditsoralcontentareconvertedintoReadandfinishthetasksasquicklyaspossible.Task1Muchoftheknownmarinelifelivesintheopenocean,andsmallfilterfeedersandhuntersliveinthetwilightzone.ThedeepoceanishometothestrangestcreaturesontheEarth.Shrimpsandotherorganismslivearound

hydrothermalvents,andtheMarianaTrenchcanbefoundontheoceanfloor.Morewondersbeneaththesurfaceoftheoceanawaitus.P4A1Task2Trueorfalse.1.Thefirst100metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhatcanbecalledtheopenocean.T/F

2.Sinkingabove200metres,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusnoplantlife.T/F

3.Oncepast1,000metres,wehavereachedthedeepocean,wherethereisnolightandtemperaturesdropjustbelowfreezing.T/F4.Inthedeepocean,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction.T/F5.TheChallengerDeep,isnearly11,000metresbelowsealevel.

T/F200belowabovealmostTask3Para.11.Whatpercentageoftheworld’soceanshaveweexploredWhy2.WhydoestheauthormentionexploringspaceP4A2-11.Whatpercentageoftheworld’soceanshaveweexploredWhy

Lessthan20%.Humanbeingshaveapassionforexploringthedeepestpointundertheocean.However,theconditionsareextreme.Thepressuresarehugeandthereisnolight.Someunusualcreaturesalsolivethere.Moreover,advancedtechnologiesneedtoberesearchedanddevelopedtohelpusexploretheoceanmoreeffectively.Possibleanswer:2.WhydoestheauthormentionexploringspaceBecausetheauthorwantstoemphasizethattheoceanshouldbeexploredandiswellworthexploringjustlikedeepspace.Weknowmoreaboutouterspacethantheocean.Theoceanisfullofmysteries,waitingtobesolved.Para.21.Whatdosmallfilterfeedersdoatnight2.Howdoyouunderstandthelastsentence“Evolution,itseems,helpsboththehunterandthehuntedinequalmeasure!”Theyswimuptofeedinthenutrient-richwatersabove.Thesentenceemphasizesthefunctionofevolution.Ithelpsthehunterevolveuniquecharacteristics,whichcanallowthemtocatchthepreymoreeasily.However,italsohelpsthepreyevolvesurvivalcharacteristicsandgetawayfromthehunter.Possibleanswer:P4A2-2Para.3HowdoblindcreaturesinthedeepoceanmanagetosurviveTheydependonothersensessuchassmellandtheirabilitytodetectslightchangesinwaterpressuretoobtainfoodandavoidbeingcaught.Possibleanswer:P4A2-3Para.41.Whathaschangedscientificopinionaboutthechancesoftherebeinglifeelsewhereintheuniverse2.WhydoestheauthormentionMountQomolangmawhendescribingtheChallengerDeepTheknowledgethatlifecanexistintheextremeconditionsontheoceanfloor.Possibleanswer:TheauthorwantstohighlighthowdeeptheChallengerDeepis.Bycomparingittothehighestmountainintheworld,MountQomolangma,theauthorhelpsthereadervisualizeitsdepth.P4A2-4P4A3-1ZonesDepthsEnvironmentLifeformsorgeologicalformationsTheopenoceanThetwilightzone

Littlesunlight●Almostnoplantlife●Smallfilterfeeders●______________________Thedeepocean●Nolight●___________________________●Hugepressures●Blind,strangeorganisms,andsomehavingmaleandfemaleorgans●Shrimpsandotherorganisms

●Task4Completethefollowingtable.1,000metrestotheoceanfloorHunterswithtelescopic,upward-pointingeyesandbackward-curvingteeth0to200metresMostvisiblelight200metresto1,000metresMuchoftheknownmarinelifeTemperaturesjustabovefreezingHydrothermalvents,theMarianaTrenchandrockbridgesCheckyouranswers:Writeasummaryofthetranscriptinnomorethan100wordsaccordingtothetable.Theoceanmainlyconsistsofthreedifferentzones.Thefirst200metresjustbelowtheoceansurfacecanbecalledtheopenocean,wheremuchoftheknownmarinelifelivesandmostvisiblelightexists.Thetwilightzoneisbelow200metres,wherewithlittlesunlight,thereisalmostnoplantlife,andsmallfilterfeedersandhunterslive.Past1,000metres,wehavereachedthedeepocean,wheremanystrangecreaturescanbefoundlivinginthisextremeenvironment.Onreachingtheoceanfloor,wemayseeshrimpsandotherorganismsaroundhydrothermalvents.ThefamousMarianaTrenchcanbefoundinthiszone.Possibleanswer:Task5Thinkandshare.Attheendofthefirstparagraph,aquestionisasked,andattheendofthelastparagraph,anotherquestionisasked.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritinginthiswayPara.1Para.5Thefirstparagraphaimstoattractthereadertothetopicofdeep-seaexplorationbyaskingthequestion:“Thenwhydon’twedivetothebottomofareallydeepoceanandtakealong,closelookbeneaththewaves”Thelastparagraphservesasaconclusion.Afterdescribingtheoceandeep,theauthorgivesanendingtothisdocumentarytranscript.Byaskingthequestion:“...whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture”,theauthorremindsthereaderthattheexplorationoftheunknownpartoftheoceanwillnevercometoanend.Possibleanswer:Task6Learnaboutthewritingtechniqueofdescribingsomethinginspatialorder.Thedocumentarytranscriptdescribestheoceaninthesurface-to-bottomorder,whichmakesitscontentmoreorganizedandeasiertofollow.Findtheexpressionsindicatingthechangesinposition.P5B2analysing,mindmap,summary,retellingAnalysethefeaturesofthedocumentarytranscript.IntroductionConclusionMainbody1.averyclearstructure2.Organisedinspatial(空間的)order(fromsurfacetobottom)3.narratedinthefirstperson(fromtheperspectiveofahost)4.

applysomequestionsand

exclamatorysentences(感嘆句)LanguagepointsLanguagepointsPara11.thevastnessofspaceL22.advanceourundersatnding...L2-33.itisestimatedthat...L44.remainunshakeableL3-45.unusualgeologicalformationsL66.divetothebottomoftheoceanL7太空的浩瀚無垠增進對宇宙的了解據(jù)估算仍然不動搖不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造潛到海底LanguagepointsPara2-3

1.inequalmeasureL182.relysolelyontheireyesighttosurviveL223.evolvefascinatingsurvivalcharacteristicsL234.detectslightchangesinwaterpressureL255.avoidbeingcaughtL24察覺水壓的細微變化僅依靠視覺生存進化出神奇的生存特征在同樣程度上避免被捕獲Para.4-51.on/upondoingL302.itisthoughtthat...L324.belocatedinL375.beknownasL386.far(adj.)fromL41一…（就…）人們認為位于作為……被知道遠非aswellasinadditiontosb/sth;too

除……之外；也；還①

Heplaysclassicalmusic,aswellaspopandjazz.②

Theysellbooksaswellasnewspapers.

1.So,ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasundiscoveredandunusualgeologicalformations,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking.where引導(dǎo)的表語從句if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句他演奏流行音樂和爵士樂，同時也演奏古典音樂。他們既賣報也賣書。所以，如果我們想要發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮的新生命形式，以及未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的和不尋常的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，海洋也是我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注的地方。

Sentenceanalysingforbetterunderstanding.Para1Difficultsentences2.Thefirst200metresofourdivetakesusthroughwhat

canbecalledtheopenocean,wheremostvisiblelightexists.(Para.2)我們下潛的頭200米帶我們穿過所謂的透光區(qū)，這里有大部分可見光。visibleadj.可見的，明顯的整句類型為__________，其中，__________引導(dǎo)through之后的__________，并在從句中作__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。whatwhere賓語從句主語主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語從句狀語theopenoceanPara2Difficultsentences3.Sinkingbelow200metres,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusalmostnoplantlife.(Para.2)下潛到200米以下，我們進入暮光區(qū)，這里沒有陽光，因此幾乎沒有植物。整句類型為__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，并在從句中作__________，先行詞是____________________。主從復(fù)合句非限制性定語從句where狀語thetwilightzonePara2Difficultsentences4.Alsolivinginthetwilightzonearehunterswithtelescopic,upward-pointingeyesthatcaneasilyspotamealinthewatersabove.①

Standingbythelakewas

amiddle-agedman,whoseemedtobeafarmer.②

Seatedatthecentreoftheclassroomwas

Lily,whowaspractisingChinesecalligraphy.

莉莉坐在教室中央，正在練習(xí)中國書法。主語一位看起來像農(nóng)民的中年人站在湖邊。主語hunters后面有較長的修飾語，為了使句子更為平衡，將謂語部分的動詞-ing形式置于句首，形成倒裝句。同樣生活在暮光區(qū)的還有雙眼凸起向上的獵食者，它們能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)上面水域中的食物。謂語完全倒裝句定語從句修飾主語Para2Difficultsentences

5.Consequently,thefishmostlikelytobeeatenhaveevolvedtohavethinbodiessothattheyarelesseasilyseenfrombelow.(Para.2)結(jié)果，最有可能被吃掉的魚已經(jīng)進化成細長的身體，從下面不太容易看見它們。整句類型為__________，__________引導(dǎo)____________________，另外，mostlikelytobeeaten是形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾__________。主從復(fù)合句狀語從句sothatthefishconsequentlyadv.結(jié)果，所以belikelytodosth.

有可能做某事Para2Difficultsentences6. Also,somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofreproduction,asfisharesoscarceatthesedepthsthatitcanbedifficultforthemtofindamate.此外，一些魚類同時擁有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的機會，因為在這樣的深度魚類稀少，以至于它們很難找到配偶。結(jié)果狀語從句原因狀語從句Para3Difficultsentences不定式作目的狀語7.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)整句類型為__________。__________引導(dǎo)_______________，先行詞是______________。主從復(fù)合句限制性定語從句which該句是__________，句子主語是_______________。倒裝句rockbridgesrockbridgesPara4Difficultsentences7.Ofthemanystrangegeologicalformationstobefoundhere/are/rockbridgeswhichcrosstheTrench,somereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep.(Para.4)在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)的許多奇怪的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造中有橫穿海溝的石橋，有些高度達到“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”上方2500米?！皊omereachingaheightof2,500metresabovetheChallengerDeep”為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當于狀語，基本形式為“邏輯主語+doing/done/形容詞短語/副詞短語/介詞短語”，即正常的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)去掉be動詞，該邏輯主語與主句主語不一致，試比較：①He

spendingmuchtimeplayingcomputergames,hisperformance

becameworse.②Spendingmuchtimepalyingcompoutergames,he

performedworse.花了太多時間玩電腦游戲，他表現(xiàn)變差了。Para4Difficultsentences8.Onourjourneydown,wehavebeenfascinatedby

incrediblegeologicalformationsaswellasunexpectedlifeformsthathavebecomestangelyadaptedtotheirextremeenvironment.(Para.5)befascinatedby被……吸引/迷住incredible

adj.不可思議的，難以置信的aswellas

以及（AaswellasB作主語，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)A定）adapt(oneself)tosth.適應(yīng)在我們下潛的旅途中，不可思議的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，還有已經(jīng)出奇地適應(yīng)了極端環(huán)境的、出乎意料的生物，令我們心馳神往。整句類型為__________，_____引導(dǎo)_______________，在從句中作________，不能省略，先行詞是__________________。that主從復(fù)合句lifeforms限制性定語從句主語Para5Difficultsentences9.Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore,whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture.(Para.5)整句類型為__________。__________引導(dǎo)know之后的__________。主從復(fù)合句賓語從句what“Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore”是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)之“withsth.done”，leave+n.+todo表示讓……處于某種狀態(tài)。海洋還剩下這么多的地方要被探索，誰知道未來還有什么奇跡等著我們呢？Para5Difficultsentences1.Whataretheadvantagesofexploringtheocean?Possibleanswer:Theocean’smanyuniquelifeforms,habitatsandgeologicalformationsnotonlyhelpusbetterunderstandlife,butalsoopenupvariousopportunitiesfornewdiscoveriesandinnovativeso