中考英語重難點(diǎn)語法知識專項(xiàng)之定語從句深度解讀課件

定語從句什么是定語從句？?定語：修飾名詞/代詞，位置緊貼名詞，可前可后。（翻譯為“……的”）?定語從句:從句作定語,修飾名詞/代詞，定語從句是置于某一名詞/代詞后面并對其起修飾作用的完整句子。首先，我們先要弄清楚什么是定語，什么可以充當(dāng)定語？充當(dāng)定語的成分充當(dāng)定語的成分形容詞Sheisawarm-heartedteacher.她是個熱心的老師。代詞Sheismyteacher.她是我的老師。前置定語Itisanappletree.名詞充當(dāng)定語的成分Sheistheteacherwithbeautifulbigeyes.她是一位有著又大又美麗眼睛的老師。介詞短語不定式Sheisthe

teachertogetonwith.她是個好相處的老師。從句Sheistheteacherwhosingsbeautifully.后置定語她是個唱歌很好聽的老師。Ihaveaclassteacher,Sophia.Look!TheteacherwearingareddressisSophia.Sheisafriendlyteacher.Sheistheonewithbeautifullongcurlyblackhair.Afterschool,sheisthelastonetoleaveheroffice.Thisistheteacherwhowelove.充當(dāng)定語的成分欣賞含有定語從句的名言：Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.笑是太陽，它從人們的臉上趕走冬天。Don’ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看見的第一個跡象。Allisnotgoldthatglitters.發(fā)光的未必都是金子。Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhohaswill.世上無難事，只怕有心人。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。先行詞+關(guān)系詞+句子定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞關(guān)系詞句子需要被修的名詞或代詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。陳述句(主語在前,動詞在后)。Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句請指出下面句子中的先行詞以及定語從句1.Heisa2.Thisisa3.Iknowthe4.Xi'anisagood5.Canyoutellmethe6.Iremembertheseboyreasondogplacedaysboywholikesbeautifulgirls.wholikesbeautifulgirls.dogwhichlikeseatingmeat.whichlikeseatingmeat.boywhomteachersalllike.boywhomteachersalllike.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.whyhequiteschool.whyhequiteschool.reasonwhenwewerefriends.dayswhenwewerefriends.place定語從句的關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞人物誰的時間地點(diǎn)who/whomwhichwhosewhenwherethat由先行詞決定原因Why(forthereason)介+which關(guān)系詞的作用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句替代先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)成分Heisaboywhombeautifulgirlslike.Heisaboy/beautifulgirlslikeaboy先行詞為“人”1.that:Heisastudentthatlikesreadingbooks.Heisastudentthatothershate.2.who:Ilikethegirlwhohaslonghair.3.whom:IknowtheboywhomMr.Wangistalkingwithnow.4.whose:Heisasoldierwhoseeyesareblue.總結(jié)：that在從句中做主語和賓語，who在從句中做主語，whom做賓語，whose后面加名詞關(guān)系詞及其用法先行詞為物1.that:Thedogthatalwaysbarkstomeisveryugly.Thedogthatthesechildrenisbeatingismine.2.which:Thefishwhichisswimminginthepoolwillbeourdinner.Thecatwhichsheisplayingwithismine.3.whose:Thebookwhosecoverisredisyours.總結(jié)：that用在從句中做主語和賓語，which用在從句中做主語和賓語，whose常常后面加名詞關(guān)系代詞用法總結(jié)關(guān)系代詞先行詞成分that物、人主語，賓語who人主語whom人賓語whose人、物定語（誰的，什么的）which物主語、賓語一定要記得哦1.Idon'tliketheboynameisTom.2.Thegirlisreadingabookismysister.3.Theoldmantheyaretalkingaboutisateacher.4.ThecatthedogishuntingforisTom's.5.Ilikeplayingwiththeboyeyesarebrown.6.ThefishbodyisredisfromAfrica.whosewhothatwhichwhosewhose寫出所缺的關(guān)系詞只用that的情況1.說法絕對：先行詞出現(xiàn)絕對性的描述，如唯一的（theonly）,每個人（everyone）,每件事（everything）,所有的（all）,沒有一個（none）,任何事（anything）,任何人（anyone）2.數(shù)字常考：當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞時，如thefirst,thesecond,其中thelast,也屬于這種情況。3.最高級：先行詞前形容詞最高級修飾時，也只能用that.此外：當(dāng)先行詞是人和物一起的時候，關(guān)系代詞也要用that.九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序多少：從少到多

no/none/neither/little/few/alittle/afew/much/many/all/each/both不：不定代詞eg-everyone/someone/anyone/none一：唯一

theone/theonly?。呵『?/p>

thevery/theright讓我康康誰還沒記筆記九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序人&物：

人+物

先行詞既有人又有物最：

最高級

形容詞最高級+先行詞序：

序數(shù)詞

序數(shù)詞+先行詞

讓我康康誰還沒記筆記1.ThisistheonlybookIcanfind.2.ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.3.Isthereanythingyoudon'tunderstand?4.Theboyandhisdogarewalkingalongthestreethavelosttheirway.thatthatthatthat寫出所缺的關(guān)系詞1.where：Iremembertheschoolwherewehadspent3years.2.when:Doyoustillrememberthesedayswhenwewerestudents.3.why:Canyoutellmethereasonwhyheleaveme.關(guān)系副詞在從句中做狀語關(guān)系副詞及其用法關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇1.Iknowthereasonwhyhelefthome.Iforgetthereasonthathehadtoldme.2.Istillrememberthesedayswhenwewerebestfriends.Istillrememberthesedaysthathehadforgottenalready.3.Thisistheschoolwherewehadleftagoodmemory.Thisistheschoolthatwasdestroyedin2006.判斷定語從句中到底是選擇關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，關(guān)鍵在于：去掉填的關(guān)系詞后，如果從句依然完整，則用關(guān)系副詞，如果缺少主語或賓語而使句子不完整，則使用關(guān)系代詞Heisagoodstudentwholikesreadingbooks.Iknowthereasonwhyhecametomyhome.Hestillremembersthecliffwherehejumped.來來來！不用松懈，趁熱再來幾道題1.Thereasonhecamehereisnotclear.2.Thesedayswelivedtogetherisunforgettable.3.Ilikegototheparkmanyoldmenplaysbasketballeveryday.4.Thisisthestationhehadtalkedabout.5.Idon'tunderstandthereasonhehadexplainedtome.whywhenwherewherewhy試一試將下列各句折成兩個簡單句。Ilikemusicthatisn’ttooloud.2.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.3.IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ilikemusic.IlovemusicIlikemusic.Iprefermusic.Themusicisn’ttooloud.Themusichasgreatlyrics.Icansingalongwiththemusic.Icandancetothemusic.在定從句中that（關(guān)系代詞）作主語時，絕不允許被省略。that（關(guān)系代詞）作賓語時，可以被省略。That再試一試將下列各句拆成兩個簡單句。Tomlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.2.Iwillinvitesomeonewholikesseriousmovies.3.Iadmiresuperherowhoalwayssavestheworldintime.4.ThemanwhovisitedourschoolisfromCanada.Tomlikesmusicians.Themusiciansplaydifferentkindsofmusic.Iwillinvitesomeone.Someonelikesseriousmovies.Iadmiresuperhero.Thesuperheroalwayssavestheworldintime.ThemanisfromCanada.Themanvisitedourschool.反過來再試一試將下列各句改成定語從句。Carmenlikeselectronicmusic.Themusicisloud.2.IwilllistentothisnewCD.IboughttheCDyesterday.3.Ilikesmoothmusic.Themusichelpsmerelax.4.Iprefermovies.Themoviescancheermeup.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicwhichisloud.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicthatisloud.IwilllistentothisnewCDwhichIboughtyesterday.IwilllistentothisnewCDthatIboughtyesterday.Ilikesmoothmusicwhichhelpsmerelax.Ilikesmoothmusicthathelpsmerelax.Iprefermovieswhich/thatcancheermeup.邊看，邊做(一)whose將下列句子譯成英語。1.這位白頭發(fā)的老人是他的爺爺。過程：譯句：2.我剛才看見一輛輪胎(wheels)被偷了的小車。過程：譯句：Theoldmanishisgrandpa.Theoldman’shairiswhite.Theoldmanwhosehairiswhiteishisgrandpa.Justnow,Isawacar.Thecar’swheelswasstolen.Justnow,Isawacarwhosewheelswasstolen.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

邊看，邊做(二)when將下列句子譯成英語。1.他已經(jīng)忘記了他是哪一天到重慶的了。過程：譯句：2.她將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記她結(jié)婚的那一天。過程：譯句：Hehasforgottentheday.HearrivedinChongqingonthatday.HehasforgottenthedaywhenhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhenshewasmarried.when作時間狀語:When=介詞+which。

Hehasforgottenthedayon

whichhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgetthedayon

whichshewasmarried.邊看，邊做(三)where將下列句子譯成英語。1.這就是昨天發(fā)生交通事故的地方。過程：譯句：2.這就是我父母以前工作過的工廠。過程：譯句：Thisis

the

factory.Myparentsusedtoworkinthefactory.Thisisthefactorywheremyparentsusedtowork.Thisistheplace.Acaraccidenthappenedatthisplace./hereThisistheplacewhereacaraccidenthappened.where作地點(diǎn)狀語:Where=介詞+which。

Thisistheplaceatwhichacaraccidenthappened.Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyparentsusedtowork.邊看，邊做(四)why將下列句子譯成英語。1.我知道他說起那件事的原因。過程：譯句：2.這就是我遲到的原因。過程：譯句：Thisis

the

reason.Iwaslateforthereason.ThisisthereasonwhyIwaslate.Iknowthereason.Hesaiditforthereason.why作原因狀語,其先行詞常常是thereason,why=forwhich

Iknowthereasonforwhichhesaidit.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.?定語從句:從句作定語,修飾名詞/代詞A.什么是定語從句？？？B.如何通過先行詞判斷定從？？？step1：確定定語從句step2：先行詞是人/物step3：引導(dǎo)從句缺主/賓/定本課總結(jié)出門小測出門小測()1.—Didyounotice______inheroffice?—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.A．whatwasMissLindoingB．whatMissLinwasdoingC．whatdoesMissLindoD．whatMissLindoes()2.—Couldyoutellme______forthefruit?—BypayingovertheInternet.A．howmuchwillIpayB．howmuchIwillpayC．howwillIpayD．howIwillpay()3.—Dearfriends，doyoustillremember______threeyearsago?—Torealizeourdreams!A．whyyoucamehereB．whydidyoucomehereC．howyoucamehereD．howdidyoucomehere()4.Roseiswondering______．A．whatisMattdoingB．wherehasJasongoneC．whenwillAaronleaveD．whodidthewashing()5.ZhongWeitoldhisfriends______tobebacktohishometown.A．howhappyheisB．howhappyhewasC．heishowhappyD．hewashowhappy()6.Excuseme，couldyoutellme______？A．whenhewasbornB．howfarisitfromhereC．whatdoeshelooklikeD．whereheleavesforyesterday7.WangYangmingisagreateducationalist_____

developedmost

ofhisthoughtsinXiuwen.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.when8.Mr.Brownisateacher_____isstrictwithallhisstudents.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when9.Thebook_____Ireadlastnightwasfantastic.A.that

B.what

C.whose

D.who10.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproducts_____can

beboughtinallpartsoftheworld.A.who

B.which

C.whatD.wherePractisema