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渭南市大荔縣2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語注意事項(xiàng):1.本試卷滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.選擇題用2B鉛筆將正確答案涂寫在答題卡上;非選擇題用0.5mm黑色墨水簽字筆答在答題卡的指定答題區(qū)域內(nèi),超出答題區(qū)域答案無效。3.答題前,請(qǐng)將姓名、考號(hào)、試卷類型按要求涂寫在答題卡上。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AForthousandsofyears,wehavelookedforwaystomeasuretime.Earlyhumansfoundthattheregularmovementsofthesun,theearth>themoon,andthestarsmadegoodwaystomeasuretime.Therisingandsettingofthesunwereusedtodistinguish(辨別)dayfromnight.But,eventually,peopleneededtotelltimemoreaccurately,orexactly.So,byusingthesun’spositioninthesky,theydividedthedayintodawn,morning,middayandevening.Thenitwasnotedthatthesuncastachangingshadowasitmovedacrossthesky.Timecouldbetoldmoreaccuratelybysettingupastickandmarkingthepositionsofthesun’sshadow.ItwastheancientGreekswhodividedeachpositionofthis“sundial(日規(guī))”intohours.Butthesundoesn’talwaysshine.So,forthepast6,000years,manyotherwaysofkeepingtimehavebeentried.Slow-burningcandlesweredividedintohours,andthehourglasswasinvented.Whenallthesandinthetopofanhourglasshasshiftedtothebottom,anhourhaspassed.Later,thependulum(擺鐘),withitsregularback-and-forthmovementofweights,wasusedtomovethehandsonaclock.Pendulumsarestillusedingrandfatherclocks.Today,evenmoreaccurateclocksareinuse,suchasbattery-operatedquartzclocks(石英鐘),digitalclocks,andclocksrunbyelectricaltuningforksandtinyatoms.Theseatomicclocksarethemostaccurateclockseverinvented.Theexacttimecanbekepttowithin1secondacentury.21.Humansintheolddaysused__________________totelldayfromnight.A.atomicclocks B.battery-operatedquartzclocksC.therisingandsettingofthesun D.digitalclocks22.Asundialworksby__________________.A.trackingthemovementofthestarsaroundthesunB.watchingthestarsC.burningcandlesinthesunlightD.markingashadowcastbythemovingsun23.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTusedinthepasttomeasuretime?A.Anhourglass. B.Digitalclocks. C.Asundial. D.Apendulum.BThe“24solarterms(節(jié)氣)”originatedandwasfirstlyusedinChina.Itwascreatedthousandsofyearsagoonthebasisofpracticalneedsofagriculture.AncientChinesepeopleusedittoguideagricultureproduction,specialclimatesignsandevenhealthylivingtips.Lastyear,the24solartermswasaddedtoUNESCO’sworldculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))list.Now,ithasbeenbroughttolifethankstoacreativedesignerfromSouthwestChina’sGuizhouprovince.Ontheeveofthisyear’sQingmingFestival,ShiChanghongreleased(發(fā)布)hisversionofreproducedandpackagedcharactersforeachsolartermintheformof“movingart”ofgifs.SincetheirfirstreleaseonZcoolonMarch29,thegifshavewongreatpraiseamongthegeneralpublicandquicklyfloodedsocialmediawithmillionsofhits(點(diǎn)擊)duringthefestivalperiod.Tomaximizepublicity,Shireleasedhisworkinthreeforms:video,animationandpicture.Thebackgroundsoundsaddtothebrilliance.“WhenIwatchtheshortvideo,IcanstronglyfeeltheChinese-styleelementshiddeninthem.AnditisreallycooltolivenupChinesetraditionalcultureinsuchauniqueway.”WeChatuserXiaoFeifeisaid.“Itisreallyacomforttometoseesomanypeoplelikemylatestwork.Tobehonest,itwouldreallysurprisemeiftheworkdoesnotarousegreatinterestamongChinesepeople.The24solaritemsisadeeplyrootedconceptthatcoverstheessenceofChinesewisdom.However,onlyasmallportionofpeopleknowallthenamesorthecorrectorderofthoseterms.MyintentionistoincreaseChinesepeople’sself-awarenesstolearnmoreaboutourtraditionalfineculture.Actually,the24solaritemsworkisonlyapartofmywholedesignprogram‘CharmChina’,whichIstartedoverayearago.”ShitoldChinaDaily.24.Whichpartofthenewspaperdoesthetextprobablybelongto?A.Travel. B.Agriculture. C.Culture. D.Education.25.Whatdoyouthinktheunderlinedword“Zcool”referto?A.Newspaper. B.Website. C.RadioBroadcast. D.Magazine.26.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotext?A.Mostoldpeopleknowallthenamesofthecorrectorderofthe24solarterms.B.ItreallysurprisedShiChanghongtoseesomanypeoplelikehislatestwork.C.Thebackgroundsoundsoftheworkmakethevideomoreattractive.D.The24solaritemsworkdesignedbyShiChanghongwasaddedtoUNESCO’sheritagelist.27.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceacreativedesigner. B.Tointroducethe24solaritemswork.C.Tointroducetheoriginofthe24solarterms. D.Tointroduceadesignprogram“CharmChina”.CChinaisremovingoneoftheworld’smosttrafficked(非法買賣)animals,thepangolin,fromitslistofanimalsusedfortraditionalmedicine.Pangolins,despitebeingcoveredinscales(鱗片),growtoaroundthesizeofahousecat.Theirscalesaremadeofkeratin——thesamematerialfoundinfingernails.Theyusethosescalestoprotectthemselvesfromenemiesinthewild,butinAsia,thesesamescalesaretradedformedicine.Tensofthousandsarekilledeveryyear,andonemillionpangolinsarebelievedtohavebeentraffickedbetween2000and2013.Lastyear,authoritiesseizedmorethan130tonsofpangolin-relatedproducts,afigurebelievedtorepresentasmanyas400,000oftheanimals,accordingtoWildAidconservationgroup.ThereareeightspeciesofpangolinfoundacrossAsiaandAfrica.ThreeofthosearelistedasseriouslyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN):theChinesepangolin,thePhilippinepangolinandtheSundapangolin.Theremainingfivearelistedaseithervulnerableorendangered.Now,threespecies——theChinese,SundaandIndianpangolin——havebeenaffordedthesameprotectioninChinaastheGiantPandaandhavebeenupgradedfromClassIItothehighestClassIprotection.There’sapunishmentof10yearsofimprisonmentforanyonecaughthunting,killingortradingthem.TheannouncementwasmadeinJune.TheChinesegovernmenthasalsoannouncedplanstorecoverthediminishingpopulationsbyimprovingfieldpatrols(巡邏)andpushinghabitatrecoveryefforts.“ItisgreatnewsthatChinahasmovedveryquicklytocloselivewildlifemarkets,”saidWildAidCEOPeterKnights.A“Wehopethisbringsanendtolegalsalesofpangolinscalesassoonaspossible.”28.Whyarepangolinsseriouslytrafficked?A.Forpets. B.Forfood. C.Forclothes. D.Formedicine.29.WhatcanweknowabouttheIndianpangolin?A.Theyarelikeanadultdoginsize. B.TheyhavegotClassIprotectioninChina.C.400,000ofthemwerekilledlastyear. D.TheyarelistedasseriouslyendangeredbyIUCN.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishing”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Frightening. B.Encouraging. C.Rising. D.Falling.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SeriousPangolinTradeintheWorld B.ChinaHasClosedLiveWildlifeMarketsC.Pangolins——theMostEndangeredAnimals D.ChinaHasStartedProtectingPangolinsDMarkTwainwasagreatwriter.HewasfromtheUSA.Hewasbornin1835.Hewasalsoafamousspeaker.Hewasfamousforhissenseofhumor.Manypeoplelikedtolistentohimtalkbecausehelikedtotellsomeinterestingstoriestomakepeoplelaughallthetime.OnedayMarkTwainwasgoingtoasmalltownbecauseofhiswriting.Beforehewasgoingtoleave,oneofhisfriendssaidtohimthattherewerealwaysalotofmosquitoesinthetownandtoldhimthathe’dbetternotgothere.MarkTwainwaved(搖動(dòng))hishandandsaid,“Itdoesn’tmatter.Themosquitoesarenotrelativesofmine.Idon’tthinktheywillcometovisitme.”Afterhearrivedatthetown,MarkTwainstayedinasmallhotelnearthestation.Hewentintohisroom,butwhenhewasjustabouttohavearest,quiteafewmosquitoesflewabouthim.Thewaitersfeltverysorryaboutthat.“I’mverysorry,Mr.MarkTwain.Therearetoomanymosquitoesinourtown.”O(jiān)neofthemsaidtohim.MarkTwain,however,madeajoke,sayingtothewaiter,“Themosquitoesareveryclever.Theyknowmyroomnumber.Theydidn’tcomeintothewrongroom.”Whathesaidmadeallthepeoplepresentlaughheartily.ButthatnightMarkTwainsleptwell.Doyouknowwhy?Thatwasbecauseallthewaitersinthehotelweredrivingthemosquitoesawayforhimduringthewholenight.32.ThatdayMarkTwainwenttothetown___________________.A.toseeoneofhisfriendsB.toseeoneofhisrelativesC.becausehewastoldtherewerealotofmosquitoesthereD.becausehewantedtodosomethingthereforhiswriting33.Thewaitersfeltsorrybecause___________________.A.theydidsomethingwrongtoMarkTwain B.therewerequiteafewmosquitoesinMarkTwain’sroomC.theroomwasnotveryclean D.theirhotelwastoosmall34.Allthepeoplepresentlaughedheartilybecause___________________.A.MarkTwainmadeajokeB.themosquitoesknewMarkTwain’sroomnumberC.MarkTwaingavethewaiterssomenicepresentsD.themosquitoeswereverycleverandtheydidn’tcomeintothewrongroom35.Fromthestory,weknowthat___________________.A.MarkTwaindidn’thaveagoodrestthatnightB.theownertoldthewaiterstolookafterMarkTwainwellatnightC.nomosquitoestroubledMarkTwainduringthenightD.therewerenotmosquitoesinthehotelanylonger第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AccordingtotheCDC,insufficientsleepisapublichealthproblem,withoverathirdofadultsintheU.S.gettinglessthantherecommendedseventoeighthourspernight.36Yourbraindoesn’tworkaswell.Whenyoudon’tgetadequatesleep,ittakesatollonyourbraintofunction.“MRIimagingshowslackofsleepreducesbloodflowtoareasofthebrainthatcontrolhigherlevelthoughtprocesses.”saysRichardShane,abehavioralsleepspecialist.“Itimpairsyourproblem-solvingabilities,anddecreasesconstructivethinkingskillsandlogicalreasoning.”37You’veprobablynoticedthatyouwakeup“onthewrongsideofthebed”ifyouhaven’tgotenoughshut-eye.“Sleepdeprivationaffectsmood”Breussays.“Itmakesyouseeeverythinginamorenegativelightbecauseyouremotionsaremorevolatilewhensleepdeprived.Yourheartcouldsuffer.38Butwhathappensisthateverysysteminyourbodyisaffected,causinglong-termeffectsonyourcardiovascularhealth,includingyourriskforhighbloodpressure,heartattack,andstroke.Yourskinlookshaggard.Turnsout,“beautysleep”isarealthing,studiesshow.39Researchhasshownthatpeoplewholacksleepareconsideredlessattractive.Yougainweight.Dr.Shahsaystwospecifichormonesthatregulateeatingbehaviorareaffected.Ghrelin,whichincreasesappetite,ishighinpeoplewithsleepdeprivation.40Inordertogetbettersleep,expertsrecommendgoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeverydayexercisingearlierintheday,getting15minutesofsunlighttosetyourbodyclock,avoidingscreentimebeforebed,andkeepingyourbedroomdark.A.Youbecomeforgetful.B.Youfeelannoyedorburstintoangereasily.C.Yourheartmaysufferifyouoftensleeplittleinthelongterm.D.Thefollowingaretheharmsoflackofsleepthatyoushouldknow.E.Youmaythinktheonlyeffectofsleepdeprivationisthatyou’rereallytired.F.Ontheotherhand,levelsofleptin,whichlowersappetite,islowinsleep-deprivedpeople.G.Sleepplaysanimportantroleinthegenerationofcells,whichisimportantforhealingandinskinproblems.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題:每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lastweekend,Ihadanopportunitytoserveasavolunteeratanursinghomeinanothercity.Idon’thaveacarandeventhe(41)trainstationisfarawayfrommyhouse.(42),Iwasn’tsurehowtogetthere.Iposteda(n)(43)forarideontherideshareboard.SoonanindividualI’dnevermet(44)thathe’dbeabletopickmeupanddropmeoffatthestation.Hesaidhe’dwaituntilmytrainarrived(45)hedroveaway.Myheart(46)andthestressI’dbeenfeelingdisappeared(47)andthusourfriendshipbegan.Iendeduparrivingatthenursinghomein(48).Thetinyteamofserverstherewere(49)fortheadditionalhelp.Weallworkedtogetherasateam.Iwasgladtobeapartofthisandbeof(50)totheelderly.Thateveningwhenmynew(51)droppedmeoffatthestation,he(52)thatitwasinadesertedarea.Soheparkedhiscarandsaid,“Wewillwaitforthe(53)tocometogether.”Icouldn’tbelievehis(54).Withfiveminutesleftbeforethetrainarrived,he(55)withmestoriesofhischildhood.Asayoungboy,he(56)tositneartheedgeofthetraintracks,waiting(57)forthetrainstorushbywithalltheirforce.Thatnighthewaitedwithmeasmytrain(58).Itdidn’trushbywithfullforcebutIleftthatstation(59)thefullforceofhiskindnessandgenerosity.Peoplelikehimwouldalways(60)mehowtoloveandhowtogive.(41)A.best B.largest C.latest D.closest(42)A.Therefore B.However C.Instead D.Otherwise(43)A.excuse B.charge C.preference D.request(44)A.replied B.joked C.remembered D.pretended(45)A.when B.since C.after D.before(46)A.broke B.warmed C.sank D.changed(47)A.gradually B.immediately C.recently D.slowly(48)A.order B.return C.time D.turn(49)A.grateful B.regretful C.responsible D.sorry(50)A.interest B.service C.hope D.curiosity(51)A.clerk B.customer C.neighbor D.friend(52)A.admitted B.noticed C.heard D.intended(53)A.train B.bus C.taxi D.car(54)A.bravery B.confidence C.courage D.kindness(55)A.argued B.shared C.discussed D.compared(56)A.had B.used C.wished D.decided(57)A.unwillingly B.proudly C.embarrassedly D.excitedly(58)A.started B.passed C.stopped D.approached(59)A.doubting B.ignoring C.feeling D.wondering(60)A.warn B.remind C.expect D.promise第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Nobodywantstobeaged,but61.____________________itcomestovisitingcities,mostofuswanttovisittheworld’soldestcities.Luoyangisoneoftheoldestandmost62.____________________(attract)citiesintheworldthatI’dliketorecommendtoyou.Luoyangstandsout63.____________________theoldestcontinuallyinhabited(有人居住的)cityinAsia.Thecityisconsideredtobe64.____________________birthplaceofChinesecultureandhistoryaswellasbeingoneoftheSevenAncientCapitalsofChina.There65.____________________(be)noothercityinChinathathasseensomany66.____________________(dynasty)likeLuoyang.Withsuchalongand67.____________________(excite)history,Luoyanghasreallyalottooffer.TheLongmenGrottoes,which68.____________________(include)ontheWorldHeritageListin2000andmanyhistoricBuddhisttemplesconstantattracttouristsfromallovertheworld.LuoyangisalsofamousfortheWhiteHorseTemple,the69.____________________(early)Buddhisttemple70.____________________(build)inChina.Areyouanxioustovisitthecity?第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有1處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處;每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(/\),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。DearMandy,I’mnotdoingwellinmylessonsatschool,especialinmaths.MydadsaysImusttryhardbecausehewantsmegotouniversity.HethinksI’mlazy,butit’snottrue.Iworkreallyhard,oftenstudylateintothenight!I’vetriedtotalktomymother,butshealwayssaidIhavetoworkashardlikemybrotherdoes.Mybrotherdoesn’tstudyveryhard,andhealwaysgetsexcellentgrades.It’snotfair!TheonlythingIlikeitisart.MyteachersaysI’mthebeststudentshe’shadforyear.WhenItoldmydad,allhesaidwas,“Youmustn’twasteyourtimeinart.Youmustfocusyourmindonyourles
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