2022年山東省濱州市高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

高一英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀一下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOvertheyears,therehasbeenarisingtrendinthepopularityofvolunteervacationsandarapidincreaseinthenumberofpeopleinterestedinvolunteeringwhiletraveling.Hereareafewestablishedorganizationsforyoutochoose.TheUnitedNationsVolunteers(UNV)programisaUnitedNationsorganizationthatcontributestopeaceanddevelopmentthroughvolunteerismworldwide.BasedinBonn,Germany,UNVisactiveinaround130countrieseveryyear.Anyonewhoisconcernedaboutworldpeaceanddevelopmentiswelcome.Contactonline:/en/opportunitiesVolunteersInAsia(VIA)isanindependent,non-profitorganizationaimedtoincreaseunderstandingbetweentheUSandAsia.BasedinSanFrancisco,VIAprovidestwokindsofprograms.VIA’sAsiaProgramsofferAmericansthechancetoliveandvolunteerinAsia.whileVIA’sProgramsenableEastAsianuniversitystudentstoparticipateinprogramsintheUS.Contactonline:/contact/MealsonWheelsoriginatedintheUK.It’saprogramthatdeliversmealstoindividualsathomewhoareunabletopurchaseorpreparetheirownmeals.Thistypeofservicerequiresmanyvolunteerswithagoodknowledgeofbasiccookingtopreparethemeals.Contactonline:.au/BigBrothersBigSistersoffersarangeofmentoringprograms(指導(dǎo)計(jì)劃)tomeettheneedsofCanadianchildrenandfamilies.Inthetraditionalone-to-onementoringprograms,oneyouthandoneadultmentormeettwiceamonthforatleastoneyear.BigBrothersBigSistersalsooperatesgroupmentoringprogramsforteenagersandclubsfornewcomerCanadianyouth.Volunteersareindemandalltheyeararound.Contactonline:https://bigbrothersbigsisters.ca/1.WhichmightonechoosetopromotetheunderstandingbetweentheUSandAsia?A.TheUnitedNationsVolunteers. B.VolunteersinAsia.C.MealsonWheels. D.BigBrothersBigSisters.2.WhatdoweknowaboutBigBrothersBigSisters?A.Oneyouthandonementormeetatleastonceamonth.B.Itoperatesclubsforchildrenfromlocalcommunities.C.Itworkswithschoolstooperategroupmentoringprograms.D.Volunteerscanregisteratanytimeoftheyear.3.Whomaybequiteinterestedinthepassage?A.Acollegestudentinthegapyear. B.Atraveleronaone-weektour.C.AgovernmentofficialworkingintheUN. D.AnewcomertoCanadatomakemoney.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹的是四個(gè)志愿者機(jī)構(gòu)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteersInAsia(VIA)部分的“VolunteersInAsia(VIA)isanindependent,non-profitorganizationaimedtoincreaseunderstandingbetweentheUSandAsia.(亞洲志愿者協(xié)會(huì)(VIA)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的非營(yíng)利組織，旨在增進(jìn)美國(guó)和亞洲之間的了解)”可知，人們可能會(huì)選擇VolunteersinAsia來(lái)促進(jìn)美國(guó)和亞洲之間的理解。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BigBrothersBigSisters部分的“Volunteersareindemandalltheyeararound.(全年需要志愿者)”可知，志愿者可以在一年中的任何時(shí)候登記加入BigBrothersBigSisters。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Overtheyears,therehasbeenarisingtrendinthepopularityofvolunteervacationsandarapidincreaseinthenumberofpeopleinterestedinvolunteeringwhiletraveling.Hereareafewestablishedorganizationsforyoutochoose.(在過(guò)去的幾年里，志愿者假期的流行呈上升趨勢(shì)，并且對(duì)在旅行中做志愿者感興趣的人數(shù)迅速增加。這里有一些已經(jīng)成立的機(jī)構(gòu)供您選擇)”可知，本文介紹的是四個(gè)志愿者機(jī)構(gòu)，因此愿意做志愿者的人對(duì)這篇文章感興趣，一個(gè)在間隔年的大學(xué)生應(yīng)該對(duì)做志愿者感興趣。故選A。BEradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutiontotwoofourcountry’spersistentproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalledtheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthantossyouremptychipbagsintothetrash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipcatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos,Lay’s,andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheysanitize(消毒)thechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Theyusepaddingandlinersfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,dependingonwhetherthey’resingle-serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarryaround,”O(jiān)leitatoldtheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat’sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearedevotedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”shesaid.And,ofcourse,there’sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It’sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit’stimetoshowconnectionsbetweenalloftheseissues.”4.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Howtheymakethesleepingbags. B.Whytheysanitizethechipbags.C.Wheretheycollectthechipbags. D.Whattheyusetolinetheinsides.5.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph3show?A.Thenewsleepingbagshavemanybenefits.B.Alotofeffortisputintomakingthesleepingbags.C.Peopleconsumealargequantityofchipseveryday.D.Peopleareawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.6.Whydothevolunteersmakeratherthansimplybuysleepingbags?A.Theywishtheycouldearnbetterlife.B.Theythinkitisdifficulttoraisealotofmoney.C.Theyaimtohelpthehomelessbyrecyclingwaste.D.Theywanttofindasimplerwaytohelpthehomeless.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Recyclingchipbagscanremovepoverty.B.Thenewsleepingbagshavebeenputintowideuse.C.Fewchipbagswillendupinthetrashinthecountry.D.Environmentalinjusticeandpovertyareusuallycloselyconnected.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了美國(guó)女孩EradajereOleita通過(guò)回收空薯?xiàng)l包裝袋來(lái)制作睡袋，幫助無(wú)家可歸的人并保護(hù)環(huán)境的故事。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ChipcatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos,Lay’s,andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheysanitizethechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Theyusepaddingandlinersfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.(薯?xiàng)l愛(ài)好者將他們來(lái)自Doritos、Lay’s和其他受歡迎的品牌的空包裝送到底特律的兩個(gè)地方：一家印刷店和一家服裝店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集空包裝。在用肥皂熱水清洗薯?xiàng)l包裝后，他們將其切開(kāi)，平放，然后將其熨在一起。他們用舊外套的填充物和襯里來(lái)填充內(nèi)部)”可知，本段主要講述了他們是如何收集并制作睡袋的。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags(縫一個(gè)睡袋大約需要四個(gè)小時(shí)，每個(gè)睡袋大約需要150到300個(gè)薯?xiàng)l包裝)”以及“Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.(自2020年啟動(dòng)以來(lái)，薯?xiàng)l包裝項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)收集了80多萬(wàn)個(gè)薯?xiàng)l包裝，截至去年12月，已經(jīng)制作了110個(gè)睡袋)”可知，這一項(xiàng)目收集了非常多薯?xiàng)l包裝，每150到300個(gè)薯?xiàng)l包裝能制成一個(gè)睡袋，并且縫制一個(gè)睡袋需要大約四個(gè)小時(shí)，所以這些數(shù)字顯示出制作睡袋需要付出很多努力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“And,ofcourse,there’sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.(當(dāng)然，還有回收薯?xiàng)l包裝的象征意義，用這些否則就會(huì)被扔進(jìn)垃圾桶里的薯?xiàng)l包裝袋來(lái)幫助無(wú)家可歸的人)”可知，薯?xiàng)l包裝袋一般被當(dāng)做垃圾，志愿者制作睡袋而不是簡(jiǎn)單地購(gòu)買(mǎi)睡袋，是為了通過(guò)回收垃圾來(lái)幫助無(wú)家可歸的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit’stimetoshowconnectionsbetweenalloftheseissues.”(這有力地提醒我們，環(huán)境不正義和貧困往往是同時(shí)存在的。正如奧列塔所說(shuō)，“我認(rèn)為是時(shí)候展示所有這些問(wèn)題之間的聯(lián)系了?！?”可知，環(huán)境不正義和貧困通常同時(shí)存在，密切相關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。CTenyearsafterintroducing“GoogleGlass”,AlphabetInc.hascreatedanewkindofsmarteyeglasses.Thecompanysaysthewearablecomputerdevicecantranslatedifferentlanguagesinrealtime.Aworkingmodeloftheyet-unnameddevicewaspresentedtothepublicthisweekduringtheyearlyGoogleI/Odeveloperconference.Googledidnotsaywhentheglassesmightgoonsaletothepublic.ThefirstGoogleGlassdeviceincludedawearablecamerathatcouldfilmwhatthewearerssaw.Thatcausedwidespreadprivacyconcerns.ThecameraelementalsogaveGoogleGlassakindofscience-fictionlook.Thelatestdevicelooksmoresimilartotraditionalglasses.Abriefdemonstrationoftheneweyeglassesdescribeditstranslationability,butdidnotprovideadditionaldetails.Thecompanyalsodidnotsaywhetherthenewdevicewouldbeequippedwithacamera.Ademonstrationexplainedthataperson,wearingtheglassesandtalkingwithsomeonewhospeaksadifferentlanguage,canseethespokenwordsintheirownlanguage.ThedescriptionshowedtranslationsinvolvingEnglish,Mandarin,SpanishandAmericanSignLanguage.Thenewdeviceisoneofseveralproductssharedattheconferencethatarecurrentlyindevelopment.ThecompanysaystheproductsaimtobetterconnectGoogleserviceswithactivitieshappeningintherealworld.Thisincludescompanyofferingsforsearchingandviewingmaps,aswellasotherservicesusingthelatestdevelopmentsinartificialintelligence.EddieChung,adirectorofproductmanagementatGoogle,spoketodevelopersabouttheneweyeglasses.“Whatwe’reworkingonistechnologythatenablesustobreakdownlanguagebarriers,takingyearsofresearchinGoogleTranslateandbringingthattoglasses,”hesaid.8.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.AgreatbreakthroughhasbeenmadeinAI.B.Anewkindofsmarteyeglasseswillgoonsale.C.Anewkindofsmarteyeglassesisindevelopment.D.Differentlanguagescanbetranslatedinrealtime.9.Whatledtowidespreadprivacyconcerns?A.Thewearablecamera. B.Thelatestglassesdevice.C.Thesciencefictionlook. D.Thevirtualmaps.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewdevicefromparagraph4?A.Itwon’tbeequippedwithacamera.B.Ithasmoreprecisetranslationabilities.C.ItcantranslatecertainlanguagesintooralEnglish.D.Itcanhelpcertainpeopleremovelanguagebarriers.11.What’sEddieChung’sattitudetowardstheneweyeglasses?A.Concerned. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了AlphabetInc.公司研發(fā)的可實(shí)時(shí)翻譯的智能眼鏡。8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“Tenyearsafterintroducing‘GoogleGlass’,AlphabetInc.hascreatedanewkindofsmarteyeglasses.Thecompanysaysthewearablecomputerdevicecantranslatedifferentlanguagesinrealtime.(在推出‘谷歌眼鏡’十年之后，AlphabetInc.創(chuàng)造了一種新型智能眼鏡。該公司表示，這種可穿戴計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備可以實(shí)時(shí)翻譯不同的語(yǔ)言)”可知，本文主要講述AlphabetInc.公司創(chuàng)造了一種可以實(shí)時(shí)翻譯不同語(yǔ)言的新型智能眼鏡，C項(xiàng)“一種新型的智能眼鏡正在研發(fā)中”能夠總結(jié)文章大意。故選C項(xiàng)。9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“ThefirstGoogleGlassdeviceincludedawearablecamerathatcouldfilmwhatthewearerssaw.Thatcausedwidespreadprivacyconcerns.(最先推出的谷歌眼鏡設(shè)備包括一個(gè)可穿戴相機(jī)，可以拍攝佩戴者所看到的東西。這引起了廣泛的隱私問(wèn)題)”可知，可穿戴相機(jī)引起了廣泛的隱私問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ademonstrationexplainedthataperson,wearingtheglassesandtalkingwithsomeonewhospeaksadifferentlanguage,canseethespokenwordsintheirownlanguage.(演示解釋說(shuō)，佩戴這款眼鏡的人士在跟語(yǔ)言不同的人士交談時(shí)，可以看到對(duì)方的話(huà)用自己的語(yǔ)言顯示出來(lái))”可知，新設(shè)備可以幫助某些人消除語(yǔ)言障礙，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段EddieChung說(shuō)的話(huà)“Whatwe’reworkingonistechnologythatenablesustobreakdownlanguagebarriers,takingyearsofresearchinGoogleTranslateandbringingthattoglasses(我們正在研究的是能讓我們打破語(yǔ)言障礙的技術(shù)，將谷歌翻譯多年的研究應(yīng)用于眼鏡上)”可知，他認(rèn)為智能眼鏡是打破語(yǔ)言障礙的技術(shù)，故他對(duì)新型眼鏡持積極的態(tài)度，故選D項(xiàng)。DItisreportedthat90millionpeopleinChinasufferfromdepression,witharound90%notgettinganyeffectivetreatment,OtherresearchfurthersuggeststhatmentaldisordershavegenerallybecomemorecommonacrossChinainthelast30years.China’sresourcesfordealingwithmentalhealthhavenotalwaysbeenatthesamelevelasothercountries.A2020WHOreportshowedthattherewereonly1.7psychiatristsper100,000people,comparedwith15per100,000intheEuropeancountries.Inthepast,mentalhealthsupportwaslargelyfocusedonspecificgroupssuchas“l(fā)eft-behindchildren”.However,manynowrecognizetheneedtomakesupportmorewidelyavailable.Oneissuethathashelpedbringmentalhealthintothespotlightonanationalscaleisthatof“996”workculture.Thetermreferstojobsinwhichemployeesarerequiredtoworksixdaysperweekfrom9a.m.until9p.m.Withthe996-workculture,moreandmorepeoplearestartingtorealizethatactually,mentalhealthcanaffectawholenumberofpeople.Asweallknow,longhoursofovertimemaycausemanyhealthproblems,evenleadingtosuddendeath.Ourgovernmentisindeeddesigningpoliciestodealmoreeffectivelywithmentalhealthchallenges.Thecountry’sNationalHealthCommissionplanstointroducescreening(篩查)forvulnerablegroupsandrequiremedicalinstitutionsaswellasuniversities,collegesandhighschoolstoreevaluatementalhealthpolicies.Thegovernmentplanstosetupmentalhealthoutpatientservicesin40%ofthegeneralhospitalsinpilotareasbytheendof2022,amovecatalyzedbythepandemic.Whethersaidpolicieswillbeeffectivelyimplementedremainstobeseen.However,whatisclearisthatmentalhealthisnowverymuchtakenseriouslyacrossChina.12.Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.China’smedicallevelisquitebackward.B.Mentalhealthproblemsaregettingmoreserious.C.Chinahasthelargestpopulationwithdepression.D.Manypeoplewithdepressionrefusetobetreated.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“psychiatrists”inparagraph2referto?A.Doctors. B.Professors.C.Researchers. D.Patients.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe996-workculture?A.Itiswellreceivedbyemployees. B.Itseverelyaffectspeople’shealth.C.Itcanmakepeopleworkevenharder. D.Itdoesharmto“l(fā)eft-behindchildren”.15.Whatmeasuresourgovernmentgoingtotake?A.Cooperatingwithmedicalinstitutions. B.Establishingmorevoluntaryorganizations.C.Settingupoutpatientservicesinpilotareas. D.Designingpoliciestodealwiththechallenges.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章講述在中國(guó)心理健康問(wèn)題越來(lái)越普遍，讓心理健康在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)受到關(guān)注的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是“996”工作文化，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作會(huì)引起很多健康問(wèn)題，政府也非常重視心理健康，正在制定政策，以更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)心理健康挑戰(zhàn)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“OtherresearchfurthersuggeststhatmentaldisordershavegenerallybecomemorecommonacrossChinainthelast30years.(其他研究進(jìn)一步表明，在過(guò)去30年里，精神障礙在中國(guó)變得更加普遍)”可知，在中國(guó)心理健康問(wèn)題越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞上文“China’sresourcesfordealingwithmentalhealthhavenotalwaysbeenatthesamelevelasothercountries.(中國(guó)處理心理健康問(wèn)題的資源并不總是與其他國(guó)家處于同一水平)”可知，劃線(xiàn)詞是具體講述處理心理健康問(wèn)題的資源，即心理健康醫(yī)生的數(shù)量，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句意為“A2020WHOreportshowedthattherewereonly1.7psychiatristsper100,000people,comparedwith15per100,000intheEuropeancountries.(世衛(wèi)組織2020年的一份報(bào)告顯示，每10萬(wàn)人中只有1.7名精神病醫(yī)生，而歐洲國(guó)家每10萬(wàn)人中只有15名精神病醫(yī)生)”，psychiatrists意為“醫(yī)生”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Withthe996-workculture,moreandmorepeoplearestartingtorealizethatactually,mentalhealthcanaffectawholenumberofpeople.Asweallknow,longhoursofovertimemaycausemanyhealthproblems,evenleadingtosuddendeath.(隨著996-work的文化，越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始意識(shí)到，實(shí)際上，心理健康可以影響很多人。我們都知道，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間加班可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多健康問(wèn)題，甚至導(dǎo)致猝死)”可知，996工作文化嚴(yán)重影響人們的健康。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thegovernmentplanstosetupmentalhealthoutpatientservicesin40%ofthegeneralhospitalsinpilotareasbytheendof2022,amovecatalyzedbythepandemic.(受疫情影響，政府計(jì)劃到2022年底在試點(diǎn)地區(qū)40%的綜合醫(yī)院開(kāi)設(shè)心理健康門(mén)診服務(wù))”可知，政府將在試點(diǎn)地區(qū)開(kāi)展心理健康門(mén)診服務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Somehealthypeoplehaveflatabs(腹肌)andthinbodies.____16____Infact,theofficialdefinitionofhealth—atleast,theoneusedbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)—saysnothingaboutthewayyoulook.WHOsayshealthis“astateofcompletephysical,mentalandsocialwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseorinfirmity.”____17____Youeatwhenyou’rehungryandstopwhenyou’refull.____18____“Itsoundsreallysilly,butit’samazinghowmanyofusdon’tdothat,”Dr.CindyGeyer,memberoftheTrueHealthInitiativeandmedicaldirectoratCanyonRanchinLenox,Massachusetts,toldINSIDER.“Weforgettoeatsowe’restarvingandthenweeataton,orwe’reeatingmindlesslyinfrontoftheTV,orwe’reeatinginanemotionalcontextbecauseit’showwereself-soothing.Ahealthyrelationshipwithfoodistrustingyourinternalcues,notexternalones,todecidewhatandhowmuchtoeat,”shesaid.“Iencourageclientstoeatuntilthey’resatisfied,butnotstuffed.”____19____Adiversedietensuresthatyou’remorelikelytogetallthevitaminsandnutrientsyouneed,sheexplained.Thisisevenmoretrueifthedietisrichinwholefoods(天然食品),whichtendtobemorenutrient-densethanprocessedstuff.You’reeatingenough.Remember,caloriesaren’tyourenemyorsomeevilforcetobereducedatallcosts.____20____Andifyou’renoteatingenoughofthem,youcouldendupfeelingmoody,weak,achy,andmore.A.Howcanyoutellifyoufitthatdefinition?B.You’reeatingavarieddietrichinwholefoods.C.Theygivespecialattentiontothewaytheylive.D.Thissimplebehaviorisatypicalfeatureofhealthyeating.E.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthesequalitiesarenecessaryforgoodhealth.F.Ahealthyrelationshipwithfoodcontributesgreatlytogoodhealth.G.They’reanenergysourcethathelpsyouliveyourlifeanddowhatyoulove.【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是如何判斷自己的飲食習(xí)慣是否健康?！?6題詳解】空前說(shuō)“Somehealthypeoplehaveflatabs(腹肌)andthinbodies.(有些健康的人腹肌平坦，身材苗條。)”，空后說(shuō)“Infact,theofficialdefinitionofhealth—atleast,theoneusedbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)—saysnothingaboutthewayyoulook.(事實(shí)上，健康的官方定義——至少是世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)所使用的——與你的外表無(wú)關(guān)。)”，說(shuō)明空前描述的不是健康的必備品質(zhì)，E選項(xiàng)“Butthatdoesn’tmeanthesequalitiesarenecessaryforgoodhealth.(但這并不意味著這些品質(zhì)是健康的必要條件。)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【17題詳解】空前說(shuō)“WHOsayshealthis“astateofcompletephysical,mentalandsocialwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseorinfirmity.”(世衛(wèi)組織說(shuō)，健康是“一種完全的身體、精神和社會(huì)福祉狀態(tài)，而不僅僅是沒(méi)有疾病或虛弱。”)”，A選項(xiàng)“Howcanyoutellifyoufitthatdefinition?(你怎么知道你是否符合這個(gè)定義？)”中的“thatdefinition”指代空前WHO所給出的定義，引出下文判斷自己是否健康的一些方法，因此A選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?8題詳解】空前說(shuō)“Youeatwhenyou’rehungryandstopwhenyou’refull.(餓了就吃，飽了就停。)”，D選項(xiàng)“Thissimplebehaviorisatypicalfeatureofhealthyeating.(這種簡(jiǎn)單的行為是健康飲食的一個(gè)典型特征。)”對(duì)空前所描述的行為做出評(píng)論，且和第2空內(nèi)容“Howcanyoutellifyoufitthatdefinition”相呼應(yīng)，因此D選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【19題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，空后說(shuō)“Adiversedietensuresthatyou’remorelikelytogetallthevitaminsandnutrientsyouneed,sheexplained.(她解釋說(shuō)，多樣化的飲食確保你更有可能獲得所需的所有維生素和營(yíng)養(yǎng)。)”，因此本段主要講的是“多樣化的飲食”，B選項(xiàng)“You’reeatingavarieddietrichinwholefoods.(你的飲食豐富多樣，富含天然食品。)”說(shuō)明了你的飲食多樣化，且“You’reeating”和下一段的“You’reeating”在句式上形成重復(fù)，因此B選項(xiàng)可作為主題句，故選B?！?0題詳解】空前說(shuō)“Remember,caloriesaren’tyourenemyorsomeevilforcetobereducedatallcosts.(記住，卡路里不是你的敵人，也不是要不惜一切代價(jià)降低的邪惡力量。)”，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)明卡路里的積極作用，G選項(xiàng)“They’reanenergysourcethathelpsyouliveyourlifeanddowhatyoulove.(它們是一種能量，幫助你過(guò)自己的生活，做自己喜歡的事情。)”中的“They”指代前面的“calories”，說(shuō)明了卡路里的積極作用，因此G選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。When15-year-oldAmybeganworkingonherfamily’sfarmintheearlymorning,shewasgreetedbyararesight-anextremelylargeeaglewithabrokenleg.“Hewas____21____andtryingtofly,whichpanickedmealittlebecausehewasthe____22____ofmysheepdog,”shesaid.“I’mseriouslynotabirdperson.Ican____23____cowsthatweighnearlyatonbutwon’tgonearabird,Iwon’tevengonearchickens.”Seeingthebird____24____introuble,Amyquicklycalledforhelp.____25____herownfearofbirds,shewassadtoseealocaleaglehurt.“Irangmymumimmediately.Icouldn’t____26____himthere.Ifeltreallybadforhimbecausehewasallwetandcold,”Amysaid.SincetheeaglewaslivinginanestonAmy’sfarm,hehas____27____theteenager.But____28____therescuersfromWildlifeRescueSouthCoastarrivedhegatheredallofhis____29____togivethemagoodchase,alert(警惕的)tothenewpeople.RescuerAmaraMohanimmediatelynoticedtheeaglehadbrokenhisleg,andafterthreehoursofstrugglinghewasfinally_____30_____andeventuallytakentoSydney’sSmallAnimalSpecialistHospitalfora(an)_____31_____.Apinandplatewereputinhisleft_____32_____,adelicateoperationonsuchasmallbone.Ms.Mohansaidthataftertheoperation,theeaglewas_____33_____wellatRaptorRecoveryAustralia.“Heisreallybright;he’susinghisrightlegandputtingmore_____34_____onitnow,”Ms.Mohansaid.Amyhopesallisgoingwellandtheeaglecanbereturnedtoherfamily’sfarm.“I’vedonealotof_____35_____thingsonthefarm—savingtheeagleisoneofthem.”Shesaid.21.A.defending B.attacking C.struggling D.jumping22.A.size B.name C.shape D.scent23.A.lookinto B.lookthrough C.lookafter D.lookaround24.A.exceptionally B.obviously C.absolutely D.additionally25.A.Besides B.Except C.Despite D.Beneath26.A.make B.cure C.treat D.leave27.A.loved B.trusted C.attracted D.threatened28.A.asfaras B.aslongas C.assoonas D.asmuchas29.A.courage B.power C.force D.energy30.A.caught B.killed C.hurt D.injured31.A.relief B.campaign C.mission D.operation32.A.arm B.wing C.leg D.feather33.A.recovering B.turning C.controlling D.arranging34.A.gravity B.pressure C.treatment D.weight35.A.core B.amusing C.fantastic D.unfortunate【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.C33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了15歲的女孩Amy雖然不喜歡鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，但還是盡力拯救一只腿部受傷的老鷹的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“它在掙扎，試圖飛翔，這讓我有點(diǎn)恐慌，因?yàn)樗臀业哪裂蛉粯哟??！盇.defending保衛(wèi)；保護(hù)；B.attacking襲擊；C.struggling掙扎；努力；D.jumping跳躍。根據(jù)空前“anextremelylargeeaglewithabrokenleg”以及空后“andtryingtofly”可知，這只受傷的鷹努力著想要飛翔。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“它在掙扎，試圖飛翔，這讓我有點(diǎn)恐慌，因?yàn)樗臀业哪裂蛉粯哟?。”A.size尺寸；型號(hào)；B.name名字；C.shape形狀；D.scent香味。根據(jù)前文“shewasgreetedbyararesight-anextremelylargeeagle”以及空后“ofmysheepdog”可知，鷹的體型同牧羊犬一樣大。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“我真的不是一個(gè)喜歡鳥(niǎo)的人。我可以照看近一噸重的牛，但我不會(huì)靠近鳥(niǎo)，我甚至不會(huì)靠近雞?！盇.lookinto調(diào)查；B.lookthrough瀏覽；C.lookafter照顧；D.lookaround環(huán)顧。根據(jù)后文“butwon’tgonearabird,Iwon’tevengonearchickens”可知，她不會(huì)靠近鳥(niǎo)，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明會(huì)靠近牛，照料牛。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這只鳥(niǎo)明顯遇到了麻煩，Amy趕緊呼救。A.exceptionally異常地；特殊地；B.obviously明顯地；C.absolutely絕對(duì)地；D.additionally此外。根據(jù)前文“anextremelylargeeaglewithabrokenleg.“Hewas____1____andtryingtofly”可知，鷹明顯遇到了麻煩。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她自己也害怕鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，但當(dāng)看到一只鷹受傷了，她很傷心。A.Besides除……之外還有；B.Except除……之外；C.Despite盡管；D.Beneath在……下面。根據(jù)空后“herownfearofbirds,shewassadtoseealocaleaglehurt.”可知，雖然對(duì)鳥(niǎo)兒很害怕，但是看到鳥(niǎo)兒受傷Amy還是很傷心，此處表示一種讓步。故填C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能把它留在那里。A.make制作；使；B.cure治愈；C.treat對(duì)待；D.leave留下。根據(jù)前文“Irangmymumimmediately”以及后文“SincetheeaglewaslivinginanestonAmy’sfarm,”可知，Amy沒(méi)有對(duì)于這只鷹置之不理，而是給媽媽打了電話(huà)將它帶回了家。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自從老鷹住在Amy農(nóng)場(chǎng)的巢穴里以來(lái)，它一直信任這個(gè)青少年。A.loved熱愛(ài)；B.trusted相信；C.attracted吸引；D.threatened恐嚇。根據(jù)前文“SincetheeaglewaslivinginanestonAmy’sfarm,hehas____7____theteenager”以及后文“But____8____therescuersfromWildlifeRescueSouthCoastarrivedhegatheredallofhis____9____togivethemagoodchase,alert(警惕的)tothenewpeople”可知，鷹對(duì)于營(yíng)救人員很警惕，而對(duì)于Amy的態(tài)度卻是截然不同的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)南海岸的野生動(dòng)物救援人員到達(dá)時(shí)，它就集中了所有的精力去追趕他們，對(duì)陌生人保持警惕。A.asfaras就……而言；B.aslongas只要；C.assoonas一……就；D.asmuchas同……一樣多。根據(jù)空后“therescuersfromWildlifeRescueSouthCoastarrivedhegatheredallofhis____9____togivethemagoodchase,alert(警惕的)tothenewpeople.”可知，救援人員一到達(dá)，鷹的表現(xiàn)就完全不同了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)南海岸的野生動(dòng)物救援人員到達(dá)時(shí)，它就集中了所有的精力去追趕他們，對(duì)陌生人保持警惕。A.courage勇氣；B.power權(quán)力；C.force暴力；D.energy能量；精力。根據(jù)空后“togivethemagoodchase,alert(警惕的)tothenewpeople”可知，這只鷹對(duì)救援人員很警惕，此處表示集中精力，gatherone’senergy“集中精力”，固定搭配。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：救援人員阿瑪拉·莫漢立即發(fā)現(xiàn)這只鷹摔斷了腿，經(jīng)過(guò)3個(gè)小時(shí)的掙扎，它終于被抓住了，并被送往悉尼小動(dòng)物專(zhuān)科醫(yī)院做手術(shù)。A.caught抓??；B.killed殺死；C.hurt傷害；D.injured受傷。根據(jù)空后“eventuallytakentoSydney’sSmallAnimalSpecialistHospitalfora(an)____11____.”可知，鷹最終被抓住并被送往了醫(yī)院。故選A項(xiàng)。31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援人員阿瑪拉?莫漢立即發(fā)現(xiàn)這只鷹摔斷了腿，經(jīng)過(guò)3個(gè)小時(shí)的掙扎，它終于被抓住了，并被送往悉尼小動(dòng)物專(zhuān)科醫(yī)院做手術(shù)。A.relief欣慰；B.campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)；C.mission使命；D.operation手術(shù)。根據(jù)后文“Apinandplatewereputinhisleft____12____,adelicateoperationonsuchasmallbone.”可知，鷹做了手術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一枚別針和一塊鋼板被植入了它的左腿，在這么小的一塊骨頭上進(jìn)行了一次精細(xì)的手術(shù)。A.arm胳膊；B.wing翅膀；C.leg腿；D.feather羽毛。根據(jù)前文“RescuerAmaraMohanimmediatelynoticedtheeaglehadbrokenhisleg,”可知是在左腿做了手術(shù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：莫漢女士說(shuō)，手術(shù)后，這只鷹在澳大利亞猛禽康復(fù)中心恢復(fù)得很好。A.recovering恢復(fù)；B.turning轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；旋轉(zhuǎn)；C.controlling控制；D.arranging安排。根據(jù)后文“Amyhopesallisgoingwellandtheeaglecanbereturnedtoherfamily’sfarm”可知，鷹恢復(fù)的很好。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“它真的很聰明；它現(xiàn)在用的是右腿，而且把更多的重量放在了右腿上?！蹦獫h說(shuō)。A.gravity引力；B.pressure壓力；C.treatment治療；對(duì)待；D.weight體重。根據(jù)空前“he’susinghisrightlegandputtingmore”可知，鷹將更多的重量放在了右腿上。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我在農(nóng)場(chǎng)做了很多了不起的事情——拯救老鷹就是其中之一?！彼f(shuō)。A.core核心的；主要的；B.amusing有趣的；C.fantastic極好的；了不起的；D.unfortunate不幸的。根據(jù)后文的“savingtheeagleisoneofthem”可知，拯救老鷹是一件了不起的事情。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JingXiuhandicraft,amajorschooloftraditionalChineseembroidery,hasbeenlistedasworksofChina’sownIntangibleCulturalHeritage.Itisattheriskof____36____(disappear).ThelistensuresthatChina’sbestculturetraditionispreservedanddevelopedaswellasmadeknowntotheworld.JingXiu,also____37____(call)GongtingXiuorGongXiu,was____38____(original)madefortheroyalhousehold.Jing____39____(name)afterYanjing(nowBeijing)inancientChina.InChinese,XiumeansembroiderywhileGongtingorGongreferstotheroyalpalaceoccupiedbytheimperialfamilies.ThehistoryofJingXiu____40____(date)backtotheTangDynasty(618-907)whenspecialworkshopswereestablished____41____(produce)embroideryitemsfortheimperialhouseholdIntheMing(1368-1644)andQing(1644-1911)dynasties,____42____styleofJingXiutookshapeintermsofmaterials,handcraftsmanship,andembroiderypatterns.JingXiu,____43____isnotedfortherigidstandardofcountedstitch(針腳),symbolicpatterns,andsecond-to-noneskills,tooktheleadoftheFourMinorEmbroiderySchoolsofQing,along____44____theembroideriesofLuXiufromShandongProvince,BianXiufromHenanProvince,andOuXiufromZhejiangProvince.JingXiustandsoutby____45____(it)stronginfluenceinthestylefromtheimperialqualities,afeaturethatisrareinChineseembroideryarts.Theneedleworkfeatureselegantcolorsandmagnificentimages,markedbydemandingspecification(規(guī)格)onsilkmaterial,typesofstitches,anddesignpatterns.【答案】36.disappearance##disappearing37.called38.originally39.wasnamed40.dates41.toproduce42.the43.which44.with45.its【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹京繡歷史?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：它有消失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此空前介詞of可知，后面應(yīng)加名詞或動(dòng)名