2022年廣東省廣州市高一下學(xué)期期末英語綜合測評題

廣東省廣州市2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期英語期末綜合測評卷第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforscience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognisedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.MaryandherfathercollectedfossilsintheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletonsofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedonearth.Shedidn’tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatravelledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeforchemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.1.MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento.A.researchanimalsandtheirbonesB.studythemysteryofallkindsofplantsC.wintheNobelPrizeforscienceaftergettingmarriedD.makeachievementsinthestudyoftheancienthistoryoftheearth2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?A.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.B.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.C.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.D.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1903onherown.3.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Differentprizes. B.Ancientdiscoveries.C.Womenscientists. D.Successfulmarriages.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一些著名的女性科學(xué)家的故事。1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognisedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.(在19世紀初的英國，瑪麗·安妮因其對地球古代歷史的發(fā)現(xiàn)而成為首批被認可的女性之一)”可知，瑪麗·安妮是在地球古代史研究方面取得成就的最早的女性之一。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.(瑪麗和皮埃爾·居里結(jié)婚了，在一起有了很多發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，瑪麗·斯科洛多斯卡在結(jié)婚后有許多發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Womenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforscience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.(自古以來，女性就一直在進行科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。12位女性獲得了諾貝爾科學(xué)獎，這是世界上最高的榮譽之一)”以及文章對于瑪麗·安妮和瑪麗·斯科洛多斯卡的介紹可知，本文主要講述了一些著名的女科學(xué)家的故事。故選C項。BOverthenext20years,wearegoingtosendmoreandbetterrobotstoMars.Thoserobotswillsendbackbetterpictures,maps,samples,andweatherreports.Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.BeforepeoplecanvisitMars,weneedtoinventaspaceshipthatcantakeusthere.Marsisveryfaraway.DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbits(軌道)aroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.Themoonismuchcloser,andwewerethere,25yearsago.Overthenext10years,wearegoingtoworkonbuildinganewspacecraftthatcangotothemoon.Usingthiscraft,wewillpractisetheskillsweneedtogotoMars.Oncewegettothemoon,wearegoingtobuildastationsothatpeoplecanliveandworkonthemoonformonthsatatime.ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars,butitisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.Bythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeanastronaut,wewillhavepeoplespendingmonthsonthemoon.BythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeacommanderofaspacemissionwewillbetakingtripstoMars.Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.Wouldn’titbecooltogetapostcardfromsomeonewhowasbuildingahouseonMars?Wouldn’titbecoolerifitwasyouwhosentthepostcard?4WeeventuallyhavetosendpeopletoMarsbecause_________.A.thepicturesthatrobotshavesentbackarenotveryclearB.robotscan’ttellusallwewanttoknowC.robotsarecontrolledbyushumansD.thesamplesrobotshavesentbackarenotgoodenough5.FromthefirstparagraphwecanseethedistancebetweenEarthandMars________.A.isnotalwaysthesameB.isnearlythesameC.isunchangeableD.neverchangesverymuch6.Aspacestationonthemoonisimportantbecause________.A.peoplecanlearntoadapttolivingonotherplanetsB.peoplecanpractiseplantingcropsinitC.thenewspacecraftcanonlylandinitD.astronautscanpractiseskillstheyneedtogotoMars7.Theauthorofthepassage________.A.thinksthattripstothemoonareanunrealisticdreamB.encourageskidstobeastronautsC.hopestoreceiveapostcardfromMarsD.issurepeople’sdreamoflivingonMarswillcometrue【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹人類對火星的探索，并對未來予以憧憬?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.(然而，機器人能夠告訴我們的信息是有限的，所以我們最終還是要將人類送上火星，研究火星)”可知，我們之所以需要將人類送上火星，是因為僅憑機器人，我們所掌握的信息是有限的。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbits(軌道)aroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.(按照火星和地球圍繞太陽時的軌道，到達火星需要6至12個月的時間)”可知，從地球到火星需要6至12個月的時間，由此可知，火星和地球之間的距離是不定的。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars,butitisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.(月球空間站很重要，如此一來，當(dāng)我們想要訪問火星時，我們就有了一個開始的地方，不過還有一點也很重要，是空間站給人們提供了離開地球生活的實踐經(jīng)歷)”可知，空間站可以給人們提供離開地球生活的實踐經(jīng)歷，說明人們在空間站可以學(xué)會適應(yīng)其他星球上的生活。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第三句“Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.(等你的孩子足以成為航天員時，我們可能會有些人在火星上生活)”可知，作者認為到了后代，會有人在火星上生活，說明作者相信人類在火星上生活的夢想終會實現(xiàn)。故選D項。CTerryEvanshenwasoneofCanadianfootball’sgreatestreceivers.Heplayedeverydown(進攻)asifitwashislast.Thoughhehadmadegreatachievements,Terry’smemoriesofhisplayingdayshavebeencompletelylost.Itwasinthesummerof1988afterheretiredfromplayingthathiscareerinsaleswastakingoff.OnedayinJuly,Terry,onhiswayhomefromwork,hadaterriblecaraccident.Hewasknockedunconscious,andwithinminuteshewasrushedtothenearbyhospital.Threeweekslater,hewokeup.However,itbecameobviousthatTerry’sinjurieswerefarmoreseriousthanwhateverdamagehadbeendonetohisbody.Alifetimeofmemorieshadbeencompletelywipedclean.Hehadbeenallbutreducedtothelevelofababy;everythingfromhisabilitytotalkandwalktohisunderstandingofwhatitmeanttobeahusbandandafatherwasallgone.Atage44,TerryEvanshenwouldbestartingalloveragain.Luckilyhehadthesupportofhisfamily,helpedbysmallvictoriesandarenewedbondbetweenhimandhisthreedaughterslikewhentheytaughthimhowtoplayfootballagain.In1992,hisrecoveryreallybegantopickupsteam.Ithastakenyearstorebuildhisshattered(破碎的)life,buttoday,morethan20yearssincehisplayingdays,Terryisapopularpublicspeaker.Hetellshisstoryofperseverance(堅持不懈)andcourage.“Neverforget,we’reallinthisgameoflifetogether.Wewillgettothefinishingline,onedayatatime,onemomentatatime,butcelebratethejourney.Seizetoday,becauseyesterdayisgoneandisnevercomingback.”AsthesubjectofthemostwatchedCanadianmovieof2005,TheManWhoLostHimself,Evanshensayshisfamilyhasbeenhismostimportanttreasure.Herefusestobeavictim,sayingheisasurvivor.8.In1988,Evanshenwas.A.abusinessman B.apublicspeakerC.afootballplayer D.afatheroftwodaughters9.Afterthecaraccidenthappened,whatwastheworstthingforEvanshen?A.Hewouldneverdriveagain.B.Hecouldn’tstandupanymore.C.Hesufferedaseriousphysicalinjury.D.Helosthismemoriesandallhisability.10.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TerryEvanshen’sLifeB.AGreatFootballPlayerC.TheManWhoLostHimselfD.What’saPerseveringPersonLike?11.WhichofthefollowingwordcanbethebesttodescribeTerryEvanshen’sstory?A.Admirable. B.Inspiring.C.Rewarding. D.Imaginary.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加拿大橄欖球史上最偉大的接球手之一TerryEvanshen在遭遇車禍失去記憶后，在家人的支持和自己的努力下，重獲新生?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第一句話“Itwasinthesummerof1988afterheretiredfromplayingthathiscareerinsaleswastakingoff.”（1988年夏天，他退役后，他的銷售事業(yè)開始騰飛。）可知，Evanshen在1988年退役之后，他成為一名銷售人員，也就是商人，故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Alifetimeofmemorieshadbeencompletelywipedclean.Hehadbeenallbutreducedtothelevelofababy;everythingfromhisabilitytotalkandwalktohisunderstandingofwhatitmeanttobeahusbandandafatherwasallgone.”（一輩子的記憶都被徹底抹去了。他幾乎退化到一個嬰兒的水平了；從他說話和走路的能力，到他對成為丈夫和父親意味著什么的理解，一切都消失了。）可知，他失去了記憶力和所有的能力。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“In1992,hisrecoveryreallybegantopickupsteam.Ithastakenyearstorebuildhisshattered(破碎的)life,buttoday,morethan20yearssincehisplayingdays,Terryisapopularpublicspeaker.”（1992年，他的病情真正開始好轉(zhuǎn)。特里花了數(shù)年時間來重建他破碎的生活，但今天，距離他的球員時代已經(jīng)20多年了，他是一個受歡迎的公共演說家。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹的是一個橄欖球球星退役后遭遇車禍并且失憶，之后在家人的支持和自己的努力下重獲新生的故事。C項巧妙地借用了文中最后一段出現(xiàn)的電影名TheManWhoLostHimself來概括該故事的核心內(nèi)容。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hetellshisstoryofperseverance(堅持不懈)andcourage.”（他講述了他的毅力和勇氣的故事。）可推斷出，TerryEvanshen的故事是一個勵志的故事。故選B。DThesituationoftheworld’splantsisnotgood.Onefifthofthekindsofplantsareindangerofdisappearing,accordingtoareport.“Plantsareveryvitaltohumanbeings,”saidKathyWillis,wholedthenewreport.“Plantsprovideuswitheverything—food,fuel,andmedicine,andtheyareveryimportantforourclimatecontrolling.Withoutplantswewouldnotbehere.”Thegoodnewsisthatdeforestationratesaroundtheworldhavedroppedlargelysincethe1950s.However,thisreportonthehealthofplantsaroundtheworldshowsthatthereismuchmoretobedone.Thereportpredictsthattherearenow390,900kindsofplants.Andabout21percentofthoseplantsareindangerofdisappearing.“Thegoodsideisthatwe’restilldiscoveringlotsofnewplants,about2,000eachyear,”saidDr.Willis.“Thebadsideisthatwe’veseenahugechangeinlandcover,mainlycausedbyculturalactivity,withalittlebitofclimatechangeinthereaswell.”Humanactivityhasagreateffectonthedangerofplantsdisappearing.Ashumanscutdownforeststomakeroomforagriculture,townsandcities,biodiversityislost.Thiscouldnotonlyaffectourownfoodsupplydirectly,butalsoaffectthefoodweb.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vital”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Useless. B.Friendly. C.Equal. D.Important.13.WhichofthefollowingdoesDr.Willisagreewith?A.Newplantsaremorethaneverbefore. B.Abouthalftheplantswilldisappearsoon.C.Manynewplantsarefoundeveryyear. D.Plantsmustn’tbeusedtoproducemedicine.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Wehavemadelittleprogress. B.Thereisalongwayforustogo.C.Wehaveachievedourgoal. D.Therewillbenothingwecando.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BiodiversityBeingLost B.HumanSocialActivityC.EnvironmentProtection D.NatureClimateChange【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要從五分之一的植物物種面臨消失的危險出發(fā)，引出植物對人類的重要性、當(dāng)前植物所面臨的險境，以及導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的原因進行了詳細的介紹，指出這種變化最終將會危害到人類自身?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Plantsprovideuswitheverything-food,fuel,medicine,andtheyareveryimportantforourclimatecontrolling.Withoutplantswewouldnotbehere.(植物為我們提供了一切——食物、燃料、藥物，它們對我們控制氣候非常重要。沒有植物，我們就不會在這里)”可知，KathyWillis說的是植物對人類非常重要?？芍嬀€詞意思為“重要的”。A.Useless.無用的；B.Friendly.友好的；C.Equal.平等的；D.Important.重要的。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Thegoodsideisthatwe’restilldiscoveringlotsofnewplants,about2,000eachyear,”saidDr.Willis.(Willis博士說：“好的一面是我們?nèi)栽诎l(fā)現(xiàn)大量的新植物，每年大約有2000種?！?”結(jié)合選項可知，Willis博士會同意C選項“每年都發(fā)現(xiàn)許多新植物”的說法。故選C。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,thisreportonthehealthofplantsaroundtheworldshowsthatthereismuchmoretobedone.(然而，這份關(guān)于世界各地植物健康狀況的報告表明，還有很多工作要做)”可知，我們還有很長的路要走。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Humanactivityhasagreateffectonthedangerofplantsdisappearing.Ashumanscutdownforeststomakeroomforagriculture,andtownsandcities,biodiversityislost.Thiscouldnotonlyaffectourownfoodsupplydirectly,butalsoitcouldaffectthefoodweb.(人類活動對植物消失的危險有很大的影響。當(dāng)人類為了給農(nóng)業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)騰出空間而砍伐森林時，生物多樣性就消失了。這不僅會直接影響到我們的食物供應(yīng)，還會影響到食物網(wǎng))”結(jié)合文章主要講述植物物種面臨消失，植物對人類非常重要，植物所面臨的險境會導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失，這種變化最終將會危害到人類自身?？芍狝選項“生物多樣性正在喪失”符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PatrickModiano,thewinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2014,seemsless－knownamonggeneralChinesereaders.InDongQiang'sopinion,aprofessoratPekingUniversity,ModianohasbeenacelebratedwriterinFranceeversince.___16___WhatsurprisedhimwasthataFrenchwriterwasawardedtheNobel,sinceitwasonlysixyearsagothatanotherFrenchwriter,LeClezio,tooktheprize.BorninawesternParissuburbinJuly1945—twomonthsafterWorldWarⅡendedinEurope—ModianospentmostofhislifeinFranceandstudiedinParis,thetoppreparatoryschoolinFrance.RaymondQueneau,awriter,wasoneofhisteachersthere.___17___InthefirstinterviewModianogaveafterwinningtheNobel,heexplainedthatwritingforhimwasanaturalthingthathestartedquiteyoung,“___18___”Modianohaspublishedabout30works,includingnovels,filmscriptsandchildren'sbooks,sincehisfirstbook,LaPlacedel′toile,in1968.Modiano'sworksfocusontheoccupationofFranceduringWorldWarⅡ.___19___JinLongge,whohastranslatedthreebooksbyModianointoChinese,says,“___20___Buttheyarenotdetectivenovels,becausetheanswerstotheriddlessetoutinhisnovelsusuallyremainuntoldandthereaderislefttofindhisownanswers.”A.Hehadamajorinfluenceonhim.B.Hisworksreadlikedetectivenovels.C.Itwasnotasurprisethathewontheprize.D.It'ssomethingthat'sbeenpartofmylife.E.Theywillbepublishedinthecomingmonths.F.Theyinvitethereadertoseekidentitythroughmemoryandhistory.G.Manyofhisreaderscametoknowofhimandstartedtoreadhisworks.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.F20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了PatrickModiano——2014年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者?！?6題詳解】下文談到令人驚奇的是，僅僅相隔6年，又有一個法國作家獲獎?？梢?，董強對PatrickModiano的獲獎并不意外，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文中awriter的暗示，可知，這個老師對PatrickModiano有一定的影響，故選A?！?8題詳解】上文中提到PatrickModiano認為寫作對他來說是很自然的事情，這與本項中的“寫作成了他生命中的一部分”相呼應(yīng)，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文可知，其著作主要聚焦二戰(zhàn)中被占領(lǐng)的法國，這與本項中的“透過記憶和歷史尋求認同感”相呼應(yīng)，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文中Buttheyarenotdetectivenovels可知，但他們不是偵探小說，這與本選項“他的作品讀起來像偵探小說”相呼應(yīng)，故選B。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThisstoryhappenedwhenGandhijiwaspracticinglawinthecityofJohannesburginSouthAfrica.Hisofficewasthreemilesfromhis___21___.Onedayacolleagueofhis,MrPolak,askedGandhiji’sthirteen-year-oldson,Manilaltofetchabookfromtheoffice.ButManilal___22___forgottillMrPolak___23___himthatevening.Gandhijiheardaboutitand___24___Manilal.Hesaid,“Son,Iknowthenightisdarkandthewayislongandlonely.Youwillhaveto___25___nearlysixmilesbutyougaveyour___26___toMr.Polak.Youpromisedtofetchhisbook.Goandfetchitnow.”Thefamilywere___27___whentheyheardofGandhiji’s___28___.Thepunishmentseemedtoo___29___.Manilalwasonlyachild,thenightwasdarkandthewaywaslonely.Hehadonlyforgottenabook____30____.Itcouldbebroughtthenextday.Thiswaswhattheyallfelt,butnoonehadthe____31____tosayanything.TheyknewthatonceGandhiji’smindwasmadeup,nobodycouldchangeit.AtlastKalyanBhaigatheredupcourage.“I’llfetchthebook,”he____32____.Gandhijiwasgentlebut____33____,“ButthepromisewasmadebyManilal.”“Verywell,Manilalwillgobutletmegowithhim,”KalyanBhaipleaded(請求).GandhijiagreedtothisandManilal____34____withKalyanBhaitofetchthebook.ThekindandgentleGandhijicouldbefirmasarockattimes.HesawthatManilal____35____hiswordanddidashehadpromised.21.A.school B.hotel C.house D.station22.A.completely B.exactly C.hardly D.gradually23.A.scolded B.reminded C.invited D.encouraged24.A.camewith B.caughtup C.broughtup D.sentfor25.A.travel B.walk C.ride D.swim26.A.warning B.order C.word D.sign27.A.ashamed B.upset C.excited D.eager28.A.decision B.explanation C.cause D.situation29.A.gentle B.reasonable C.severe D.suitable30.A.rightaway B.afterall C.aswell D.forever31.A.courage B.interest C.method D.opportunity32.A.shouted B.offered C.agreed D.concluded33.A.firm B.honest C.impolite D.lucky34.A.setoff B.setaside C.setup D.setdown35.A.broke B.made C.kept D.carried【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.B31.A32.B33.A34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述Gandhiji在日常生活中嚴格要求自己孩子的一件小事，展示了他言出必行的性格和誠實守信的人格魅力?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的辦公室離他家三英里。A.school學(xué)校；B.hotel賓館；C.house房屋；家；D.station車站。根據(jù)下文“askedGandhiji’sthirteen-year-oldson,Manilaltofetchabookfromtheoffice”推知，Gandhiji的辦公室離他家有三英里的路程。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但Manilal完全忘記了，直到那天晚上Polak先生提醒他。A.completely完全地；B.exactly確切地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)“tillMrPolak___3___himthatevening.”可知，直到Polak先生晚上提醒Manilal，他才記起自己已經(jīng)把這件事徹底地忘掉了。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但Manilal完全忘記了，直到那天晚上Polak先生提醒他。A.scolded責(zé)罵；B.reminded提醒；C.invited邀請；D.encouraged鼓勵。remindsb提醒某人。根據(jù)“ButManilal___2___forgot”可知，Polak先生晚上提醒Manilal。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Gandhiji聽說了這件事，派人去找Manilal。A.camewith伴隨；B.caughtup趕上；跟上；C.broughtup撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐；D.sentfor派人去叫/請某人。根據(jù)“Gandhijiheardaboutit”可知，Gandhiji知道兒子忘記取書這件事后就派人把他找回來。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你得走近六英里，但你向Manilal先生保證過的。A.travel旅行；B.walk步行；C.ride騎；D.swim游泳。根據(jù)下文“Manilalwasonlyachild,thenightwasdarkandthewaywaslonely.”可知，Manilal必須步行去辦公室。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你得走近六英里，但你向Polak先生許諾過的。A.warning警告；B.order命令；C.word話；D.sign簽名。giveone’sword做出許諾。根據(jù)“Youpromisedtofetchhisbook.”可知，Manilal對Polak先生作出過承諾。故選C。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Gandhiji的家人聽到Gandhiji的決定后很不安。A.ashamed害羞的；B.upset心煩的；C.excited激動的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)“Manilalwasonlyachild,thenightwasdarkandthewaywaslonely.”可知，Gandhijii13歲的兒子晚上去離家挺遠的辦公室取書，他的這一決定讓家人很不安。故選B。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Gandhiji的家人聽到Gandhiji的決定后很不安。A.decision決定；B.explanation解釋；C.cause起因；D.situation情形；形勢。根據(jù)第二段“Goandfetchitnow.”可知，Gandhiji做出了決定。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：懲罰似乎太嚴厲了。A.gentle溫柔的；B.reasonable合理的；C.severe嚴厲；D.suitable合適的。根據(jù)“Manilalwasonlyachild,thenightwasdarkandthewaywaslonely.”可知，這個處罰對于Manilal來說真是太嚴厲了。故選C。【30題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：他只是忘記拿一本書罷了。A.rightaway立刻，馬上；B.afterall畢竟；終究；C.aswell也；D.forever永遠。根據(jù)“Itcouldbebroughtthenextday.”可知，Gandhiji家人認為Manilal畢竟只是忘記去取一本書，又不是其他重要的東西，也可以第二天去取。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是他們所有人的感受，但誰也沒有勇氣說什么。A.courage勇氣；B.interest興趣；C.method方法；D.opportunity機會。根據(jù)“AtlastKalyanBhaigatheredupcourage.”可知，起初的時候沒人有勇氣對Gandhiji決定提出質(zhì)疑。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我去拿書，”他主動提出說。A.shouted大喊；B.offered主動提出；C.agreed同意；D.concluded得出結(jié)論。根據(jù)“I’llfetchthebook,”可知，KalyanBhai主動提出去拿書。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Gandhiji溫和而堅定，“但這是Manilal做出的承諾?！盇.firm堅定的；B.honest誠實的；C.impolite不禮貌的；D.lucky幸運的。根據(jù)“Gandhijiwasgentle”和轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，他語氣溫和，但很堅定。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Gandhiji同意了，Manilal和KalyanBhai一起出發(fā)去取書。A.setoff出發(fā)；動身；B.setaside留出；撥出（時間等）；C.setup創(chuàng)立；建立；D.setdown記下；寫下。根據(jù)““Verywell,Manilalwillgobutletmegowithhim,”KalyanBhaipleaded(請求).”可知，在得到許可后，Manilal和KalyanBhai動身去拿書了。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看到Manilal信守諾言，兌現(xiàn)了他的諾言。A.broke打破；B.made使得；C.kept保存；D.carried攜帶。keepone’sword=keepone’spromise遵守諾言。根據(jù)“anddidashehadpromised.”可知，Gandhiji確保Manilal遵守并履行自己的諾言。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影響)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome___36___(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe___37___(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas___38___(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept___39___thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto___40___growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes___41___tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:·Minimizetheimpactof___42___(visit)theplace.·Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.·Provide___43___(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.·MakesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehostsKomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.___44___(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠足)andaccommodationsaim____45____(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【答案】36.educated37.development38.its39.until40.the41.of42.visiting43.financial44.Activities45.tohave【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述生態(tài)旅游通常被認為是到原始地區(qū)的低影響旅游。但是由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。實際上，生態(tài)旅游必須滿足一些規(guī)定。【36題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因為它能讓旅行者了解這個地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。分析句子成分可知，此處查固定搭配becomeeducatedabout表示“對……有所了解”。故填educated?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因為它能讓旅行者了解這個地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。根據(jù)空格前的定冠詞the可知，此處填入名詞development來做動詞benefits的賓語。故填development。【38題詳解】考查代詞。句意：生態(tài)旅游起源于20世紀70年代的環(huán)境運動。根據(jù)空格后名詞origin可知，此處形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞origin。故填its?！?9題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：直到20世紀80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until?！?0題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)填冠詞。再結(jié)合空格后“growingpopularityofenvironmental-relatedandadventuretravel”可知，此處特指與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，所以應(yīng)填定冠詞the。故填the。【41題詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。varioustypesof為固定搭配表示“各種各樣的”，所以空格處應(yīng)填of。故填of?！?2題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：最大限度地減少拜訪這個地方的影響。根據(jù)空格前介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填動名詞形式來作介詞of的賓語。故填visiting。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：為當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裉峁┴斦推渌＠?。根?jù)空后名詞aid可知，空格處應(yīng)填形容詞來修飾名詞aid，finance的形容詞形式為financial。故填financial?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達到很小。根據(jù)謂語動詞range可知，空格處應(yīng)填用可數(shù)名詞activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語。故填A(yù)ctivities?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達到很小。固定短語aimtodo譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填tohave。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華,你的英國筆友Chris寫信告訴你由于他常在手機上玩在線游戲上癮,導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)成績下降,而且為此和父母發(fā)生了爭吵,心里很煩惱。你回信勸說他正確解決這個問題。內(nèi)容包括：1.表示理解：2.指出玩手機在線游戲上癮的危害3.提出建議,例如跟父母親好好溝通等。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearChris,I’msorrytohearthatyou’resufferingfromonlinegameaddiction._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearChris,I’msorrytohearthatyou’resufferingfromonlinegameaddiction.IcompletelyunderstandhowyoufeelandI’mwritingtohelpyouwiththeproblem.Actually,long-timeexposuretoonlinegamesaffectsnotonlyyouracademicperformancebutalsoyourhealth.I’dliketoofferyousomesuggestions.Firstofall,startsomeotherhobbies,suchasreadingandworkingoutregularly,whichwilltakeyourmindoffthegameandhelpyouresistthetemptation.Besides,itisalsoanecessitytohaveaheart-to-heartconversationwithyourparents.Ihopetheseideascanhelpyougetridofyouraddictionassoonaspossible.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文寫作。【詳解】第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為一封電子郵件；假定你是李華,你的英國筆友Chris寫信告訴你由于他常在手機上玩在線游戲上癮,導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)成績下降,而且為此和父母發(fā)生了爭吵,心里很煩惱。你回信勸說他正確解決這個問題。內(nèi)容包括：1.表示理解：2.指出玩手機在線游戲上癮的危害3.提出建議,例如跟父母親好好溝通等。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：onlinegame（網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲），exposureto（接觸），academicperformance（學(xué)校表現(xiàn)）；workout（鍛煉），temptation（誘惑）；heart-to-heart（誠實的）等。第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的?！军c睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級表達方式，如Actually,long-timeexposuretoonlinegamesaffectsnotonlyyouracademicperformancebutalsoyourhealth.運用了notonly…butalso結(jié)構(gòu)；Firstofall,startsomeotherhobbies,suchasreadingandworkingoutregularly,whichwilltakeyourmindoffthegameandhelpyouresistthetemptation.運用了非限定性定語從句。全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Formanyyears,Ihadarecurringdream.Iwasalittlegirlagain,rushingabout,tryingtogetreadyforschool.“Hurry,you'llbelateforschool,”mymothercalledtome.“Iamhurrying,Mom!WhatdidIdowithmybooks?”DeepinsideIknewwherethedreamcamefrom.Itwasaboutsomeunfinishedbusinessinmylife.Asakid,Ilovedeverythingaboutschool.Ilovedbooks,teachers,testsandhomework.MostofallIlongedtosomedaymarchdowntheaisletoreceivemydiploma.Thatseemedmoreappealingeventhangettingmarried.Butat15,Ihadtodropoutbecausemyparentscouldn'taffordtuition.Myhopeofgettingadiplomawasdead,orsoIthought.Prettysoon,Imarriedandhadthreechildren,andIthought:“Theregoesmydiploma.”Evenso,Iwantedmychildrentobeeducated.ButLinda,ouryoungestchild,hadjuvenilearthritisinherhandsandknees,whichmadeitimpossibleforhertofunctioninanormalclassroom.IfeltsorryforherandIdidn'twanthertoliveherlifewithregret.Ididn'tgiveuphopeofherbeingbacktoschoolinsomeway.Oneday,Isawanadinthenewspaperforeveningcourses.“That'stheanswer,”Isaidtomyself.Lindaalwaysfeelsbetterintheevening,soI'lljustsignherupfornightschool.Lindawasbusyfillingoutenrollmentformswhenthesecretarysaid:“Mrs.Schantz,whyd