適用于新高考新教材廣西專版2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)必修第一冊(cè)Unit4NaturalDisasters閱讀題組-練速度新人教版

必修第一冊(cè)UNIT4閱讀題組——練速度(35mins)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass’lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.2.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.BLifesavingheartoperationWhenTalGolesworthywastoldheneededalifesavingheartoperationin1993,hesaidno.GolesworthyhasMarfansyndrome(馬凡氏綜合征).Backin1993,whenhewaslivinginthewestofEngland,hisdoctortoldhimthattheaorta(主動(dòng)脈)inhisheartwassoenlargedthatitwouldunavoidablyburstunlessheunderwentamajoroperation.“Theytalkedthroughtheoptions,”saysGolesworthy,“butIwasnotinterested.Theoperationreallydidn’tlookattractive.”Whatheparticularlydidn’tlikewashavingtobeonbloodthinnersaftertheoperation,somethingthatwouldpreventbloodclots(血栓)butpresenteditsownrisks:“Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected.”By2000,however,hisconditionhadworsened.Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasaresearchanddevelopmentengineertogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.“Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewideas,thatwasmyjob,”Golesworthysays.Theaorta,hethought,neededsupportontheoutside.Andwrappingsomethingaroundtheoutsideoftheaortawouldrequireaspecialoperation.SoGolesworthysubjectedhimselfto30hoursinanMRIscannerandused3Dprintingtocreateaphysicalexactcopyofthepartofhisheart.“Luckily,I’ddonealotofworkwithtechnicalmaterials,”hesays.Strongdeterminationcoupledwithanoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonsandhelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.InMay2004,attheageof47,hebecametheguineapigforhisowninvention.Theoperationwasasuccess.

4.WhydidTalGolesworthyrefusetheoperationatfirst?A.Abettersolutionwasontheway.B.Hewasafraidoflifebeingaffected.C.Theriskoftheoperationtendedtocausedeath.D.Hewouldliketobeoperatedoninhisownway.5.WhathelpedGolesworthytofixhimself?A.Hiscreativespirit.B.Regularexercise.C.Doctors’suggestions.D.Hissimilarexperience.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsinthelastparagraph“theguineapig”referto?A.Thelovelypet.B.Theimportantassistant.C.Theexperimentalsubject.D.Thepersontoraisemoney.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTalGolesworthy?A.Creativeandkind.B.Strongandimaginative.C.Devotedandgenerous.D.Determinedandbrave.C(2024·福建寧德重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期一模)A2024studyinthejournalScienceconcludedthatmarineheatwaveshaveincreasedmorethan20-foldasaresultofclimatewarming.Theauthorsfoundthatinthefirstdecadeaftersatellitesbeganrecordingoceantemperatures(i.e.,after1981),therewere27largemarineheatwaves,withanaveragedurationof32daysandanaveragepeaktemperatureanomalyof8.5℉;inthe2010s,therewere172,whichlasted48daysonaveragewithanaveragepeaktemperaturealmost10℉abovenormal.Muchremainsunclearaboutmarineheatwaves.Forexample,explainsNicholasBond,researchscientistattheUniversityofWashingtonandWashington’sstateclimatologist,thereisthequestionofwhysomanypersistforweeksormonths.“Theremustbesomethingelsegoingonthathelpsmaintainthem,”hesays.Henotesthatoneexplanationisthatastheoceansurfacewarms,itradiatesheatintotheatmospherethatpreventscloudcoverfromforming,exposingtheseawatertoincreasedsunlightandfurtherwarming.However,enoughisknownaboutmarineheatwavesforscientiststobegravelyconcernedabouttheirpotentialimpacts.Ofspecialnoteisthefactthatthoseimpactscanlastlongaftertheheatwaveshavedisappeared.AfterthreeyearsoftheBlob,thewatersofthenortheasternPacificbegantocoolin2016;butyearslater,scientistsarestilldeterminingtheextenttowhichtheregion’secosystemislikelytoreturnfullytoitspre-Blobstatus.Similarly,notesScannell,whoisadatascientistwithJupiterIntelligence,Inc.,followingthe2010—11WesternAustraliaevent,“l(fā)otsofkelp(巨藻)forestsdied,andittakesliterallydecadesforthoseecosystemstobounceback.”EricOliver,ascientistfromDalhousieUniversityinNovaScotia,Canada,expressedhisownopinionaboutthepotentialimpactoftheheatwavesintropicalwaters.“Ithinkthat’sreallyatoughissue,”hesays.Lifeinthetropics,henotes,isadaptedto“quiteanarrowrangeoftemperatures.Sothat’swherethingscangetreallymessy.Wecanhavecompleteshiftsintropicalsystems.”8.Whatcanweinferfromthefigureslistedinparagraph1?A.Theproblemofmarineheatwavesisbecomingworse.B.Thesatellitesenablescientiststorecordoceantemperatureprecisely.C.Climatechangeisthemaincauseofthemarineheatwaves.D.Marineheatwaveshavebeenfoundbyscientistsforabout30years.9.Whatdoesthe2ndparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Variousfactorsthatleadtomarineheatwaves.B.Thepossibleimpactsofawarmoceansurface.C.Thepossiblereasonwhymarineheatwaveslastlong.D.Scientists’effortsinexploringthecausesofheatwaves.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheimpactofthemarineheatwaves?A.Theimpactwilldisappearshortlyaftertheseawatercools.B.Ittakeslongbeforetheecosystemmakesacompleterecovery.C.Scientistshaveknownenoughtorestoretheimpact.D.ThenortheasternPacificandWesternAustraliaaretheworstcases.11.WhatisEricOliver’sattitudetowardstheheatwavesintropicwaters?A.Concerned. B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.D(2024·四川成都石室中學(xué)模擬)Risingsealevelsandthepotentialimpactstohugecoastalpopulationsworldwideranknearthetopofconcernswhenitcomestoconsequencesofaworseningclimateemergency.Butalesser-knowndangerposesanequalorarguablymoreurgentthreattomillionsaroundtheworldlivingatmuchhigheraltitudes:floodingfromglaciallakes.Withaveragetemperaturesrisingaroundtheworldinrecentdecades,anumberoftheselakeshighabovepopulationcentersinSouthAmericaandAsiahavebecomeswollenandunstableasthereservesofsnowandicethatfeedthemmelteverfaster.Forthefirsttime,aninternationalteamofresearchershasquantified(量化)thisthreat.Itreportsthat15millionpeopleareinthepathofpotentialfloodsfromtheseswollenbodiesofwater.“Understandingwhichareasfacethegreatestdangerfromglacialfloodingwillallowformoretargetedandeffectiveriskmanagementactions,whichinturnwillhelpminimizelossoflifeanddamagetoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)downstream,”saidRachelCarr,headofphysicalgeographyatNewcastleUniversity.In1941,aglaciallakeoutburstflood,orGLOF,fromLakePalcacochakilledthousandsinthetownofHuarazbelowandlargelyinspiredthebeginningofresearchintothephenomenon.Damsandotherinfrastructurewereputinplacetorelievethethreatfromthelakeinthe1970s,butitsvolumeisnowover30timesgreater,requiringnewimprovementstosafelydrainandreleasewaterpressure.LeadresearcherCarolineTaylorsaystheresearchersalsofoundthatunderstandingthedangerrequiresmorethanjustcountinglakesandmeasuringtheirvolume.“Instead,itisthenumberofpeople,theirdistancetoaglaciallakeandimportantly,theirabilitytocopewithafloodthatdeterminesthepotentialdangerfromaGLOFevent.”Inrecentyears,awarningsystemwassetupatLakePalcacochathatcouldgiveresidentsofHuarazenoughtimetogetoutofthewayofanincomingflood.Meanwhile,otherthreatenedvillageswithnosuchalertsystemcontinuetorelyonhopeandluck.12.Whydoestheauthormentionrisingsealevelsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toprovideanexample.D.Tosupporthisargument.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutGLOFfromthepassage?A.Effectiveriskmanagementwillridpeopleofthedanger.B.Aninternationalteamfirstfiguredoutthedangerousareas.C.Threatenedvillagerswithoutwarningsystemscaneasilygethurt.D.AGLOFinthe1970sdeterminedthestartofstudyintothedanger.14.WhichfactordecidesthepotentialdangeraccordingtoCarolineTaylor?A.Thenumberoftheunstablelakes.B.Thevolumeoftheunstablelakes.C.Theabilitytohandleaflood.D.Thedegreeofclimatechange.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GlacialLakes:aPotentialDanger.B.GLOF:anOverlookedThreat.C.ClimateChange:theCauseofGLOF.D.WarningSystems:aSolutiontoGLOF.Ⅱ.七選五ShannanHearne’soldestdreamwastoownaranch(牧場(chǎng)).InFebruary2024,herdreamfinallycametruewhensheopenedthegatesofSunandMoonRanch.1

Withlargeareasofgrasslandsandplentyofsunshineandfreshair,therewasnosaferwayforfrightenedneighbourstogetoutofthehouse.2Sure,youcansignupforridinglessonsorboardyourhorse.Butyoucanalsodropbytoplaywiththechickens,goats,anddogs,orjointheyoungerranchersplayingonthebigpileoffreshlydugdirt.Hearnenowsawtheranchassomethingmorethanabusiness—itwouldbeaplacethecommunitycouldcallhome.

3Manyofthemcamenotjustforfreecookouts,butforthechancetofindpeaceofmind.“Ihadavisionforthespaceabletohelpcurethoseinneed,”saysHearne.Oneofthosepeople,now15,wasbornwithoutfingersononehand.HisgrandmotherbroughthimtoSunandMoonforridinglessons.Learningtocontrolahorsewithonehandhelpedhimbettermanagehisdisability,andhegrewclosertohisgrandmotherovertheirsharedloveofhorses.“4AndIbelievethisisespeciallytrueforchildrenoranyonewhostruggleswithanysortofpsychologicalissues,”Hearnesays.

Anotherboybecameselectivelysilentbecauseofhisautism(自閉癥).5Takingthereins(韁繩),literally,helpedhimdosoinhisdailylifetoo.“Icouldseehowtheempowermentofridingwashelpinghimfeelonceagainincontroloftheworldaroundhim,”saysHearne.

A.Theranch,Hearnerealised,shouldbeforeverybody.B.Asthepandemicdeepened,localsbegantogatherthere.C.SoonHearne’sdreambegantogrowintosomethingbigger.D.Localsdesiredtoputupatenttherewhentheyfeltwornout.E.Lessonbylesson,Hearnewatchedhimslowlycomeoutofhisownworld.F.Hewentfromnotansweringquestionstoliterallytalkingourearsoff.G.Thereissomethingempoweringaboutcontrollingathousand-poundanimal.

必修第一冊(cè)UNIT4閱讀題組——練速度Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了某校文學(xué)概論課程的分級(jí)政策。1.C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature”以及下文提到的內(nèi)容可知,本文可能出自一個(gè)課程支配。故選C項(xiàng)。2.B解析微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中提到的“Essays(60%)”“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)”可知,最終的分?jǐn)?shù)由三部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。3.A解析微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.”可知,截止日期一周后才上交,將得零分。故選A項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。工程師TalGolesworthy患有馬凡氏綜合征,須要進(jìn)行心臟手術(shù)。他有效地利用自己多年的研發(fā)工程師閱歷,用3D打印機(jī)打印出了他部分心臟的真實(shí)復(fù)制品,對(duì)癥制造了主動(dòng)脈外部支撐,并得到了醫(yī)生的支持。最終手術(shù)取得了勝利。4.B解析微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的內(nèi)容可知,手術(shù)后必需運(yùn)用血液稀釋劑以防止血凝塊,但這種藥物存在著風(fēng)險(xiǎn),他擔(dān)憂會(huì)影響他的整個(gè)生活方式,所以起初他拒絕了手術(shù)。5.A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段尾句可知,他認(rèn)為,學(xué)習(xí)新東西和開發(fā)新想法就是他的工作。依據(jù)第四段第一、二句可知,他認(rèn)為,主動(dòng)脈須要外部支撐,在主動(dòng)脈外面裹上東西須要特殊手術(shù)。又結(jié)合下文中的“original”和“hisowninvention”以及介紹的手術(shù)的勝利可以推斷,是他的創(chuàng)新精神治好了他。6.C解析詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線部分上句可知,他堅(jiān)決的決心加上新奇 而好用的解決方案為他贏得了兩位一流的外科醫(yī)生的支持,并幫助他籌集了資金來實(shí)現(xiàn)他的想法。依據(jù)本文尾句可知,手術(shù)很勝利。結(jié)合該句中的“forhisowninvention”可以推斷,他自己成了此項(xiàng)獨(dú)創(chuàng)的試驗(yàn)對(duì)象。故畫線詞意為“試驗(yàn)對(duì)象”。7.D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)尾段第一句可知,他堅(jiān)決的決心和新奇 而好用的解決方案為他贏得了兩位一流的外科醫(yī)生的支持,故他是一位有決心的人。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句“Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.”可知.他確定自己想方法治療心臟,據(jù)此可以推斷,他是一個(gè)英勇的人?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了海洋熱浪增加的緣由以及其對(duì)生態(tài)的影響。8.A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的句子“Theauthorsfoundthatinthefirstdecadeaftersatellitesbeganrecordingoceantemperatures(i.e.,after1981),therewere27largemarineheatwaves,withanaveragedurationof32daysandanaveragepeaktemperatureanomalyof8.5℉;inthe2010s,therewere172,whichlasted48daysonaveragewithanaveragepeaktemperaturealmost10°Fabovenormal.”和其中的數(shù)字對(duì)比可以推斷出海洋熱浪的問題越來越嚴(yán)峻。故選A項(xiàng)。9.C解析段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段的主要內(nèi)容,特殊是前兩句話可知,其次段主要講的是海洋熱浪持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)可能的緣由。故選C項(xiàng)。10.B解析微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的前兩句和下文的例子可知,受到海洋熱浪影響后,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能完全復(fù)原。故選B項(xiàng)。11.A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終兩句話可知,EricOliver對(duì)熱帶海疆的熱浪是很擔(dān)憂的。故選A項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講解并描述了隨著全球氣溫不斷上升,高海拔地區(qū)的冰川湖