2024年廣東省高一下學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平測試英語試卷試題（含答案）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁廣東2024年高一學(xué)業(yè)水平測試英語試卷本試卷共12頁，筆試部分滿分130分，考試時間120分鐘。第一部分聽說考試（獨立安排，滿分20分）第二部分綜合運用（共四節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)課外閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOnSeptember17,2022,afatherandsonsetouttobeginthefirstofthreelegsoftheIronmancompetitioninOxford.David,59,andhisson,John,28,weren’tthetypicalcompetitors.Despitedifficultyinwalking,Johnhashisdreamofbeinganathlete.Hisfatherwouldactashisarmsandlegs,carryingtheweightofhissonthroughouttherace.Toqualifyashavingfinished,competitorsmustcompleteahard140milesofswimming,bicyclingandrunninginunder17hours.DavidandJohnhadparticipatedtogetherinfiveIronmancompetitions,buttheyhadyettofinishintherequiredtime.Theracebeganwitha2.4-mileswimintheChoptankRiver.Withoneendofaropetiedtoabeltaroundhisbackandtheotherendtoaboatwithhissoninside,thefathereasedhimselfintothewater.Swimmingwhilecarryinganotherpersonistoughenough—Davidalsohadtofightwithjellyfish(水母).Thepaircompletedtheswimin90minutes,andwentthroughwiththe112-milebicyclerideinaboutninehours,thensettheirsightsonthefinallegofthe26.2-milemarathonwithDavidpushingJohnintheracingchair.Withminutesleftand200feettothefinishline,hismom,onthesidelines,handedhimtherollingwalker.Notthatlongago,Johncouldhardlywalk23steps.Butafteryearsofpainfultraining,heincreasedhisstepcountandwasdeterminedtofinishtheraceonhisown.Heknewtimewasalmostrunningoutandworriedtheywouldn’tmakethecutoff.“NotbecauseIwouldn’tgetmymoment,”hesays,“butbecausedadhadworkedsohard.”After16hours,55minutesand35seconds—withjustfourminutesand25secondstospare—fatherandsoncrossedthefinishlinetogether.AsthecrowdfloodedandcheeredonJohn,thewearyfatherkeptalowprofile.“Hedidn’twanthisfinishlinemoment,”saysJohn.“Hewantedittobemine.”1．HowdidDavidhelphissonintheswimmingpart?A．Bypullingaropetiedtoaboat. B．Byswimmingbesidehisson.C．Bypushinghisson’slifebelt. D．Bycarryinghissononhisback.2．WhydidJohnworryaboutnotmakingthecutoff?A．Hewouldn’tgethismoment.B．Hismomwouldbedisappointed.C．Hisfatherhadputinlotsofeffort.D．Theaudiencehadhighexpectations.3．WhatcanbestdescribeDavid’sroleasafather?A．Responsibleandselfless. B．Braveandhonest.C．Committedandfriendly. D．Gentleanddetermined.BEverymorningingraduateschool,Christywouldwavetothewomansellinghotdogsoutsideherbuilding.“Ifshewasn’tthereonagivenday,thingsdidn’tfeelright.Imissedher,”saysChristy,nowapsychology(心理學(xué))expertatauniversityintheU.K.“Itwasthishugesourceofcomfortandsafety,anditwaswithsomeoneInevertalkedto.”Thatconnectionsatisfiedadeep,bodilyneedforChristy,justlikewaterrelievesthirst.Humansareintenselysocialanimals,andresearchincreasinglysuggeststhatlosingourconnectionstootherscannegativelyimpactourhealth.A2023reportcalledwidespreadlonelinessintheU.S.adeadlyhealthriskcomparabletosmokingupto15cigarettes(香煙)aday.Ontheotherhand,aHarvardstudyfoundthathavingstrongrelationshipsiskeytolivingalongandhappylife.Thestudyalsoshowedthatpeoplebetween80and89yearsoldinhappymarriagesreportedthattheirhappinessremainedstableevenondayswhentheywereingreaterphysicalpain.Butcloserelationshipsaren’ttheonlysocialtiesthatmatter.Chattingwithastranger,givingasmileofrecognitiontothewaiterinyourlocalcoffeeshop,orwavingtothepeopleyouseeeverydayattheparkcreatesamuch-neededsenseofcommunity.“Wecan’tachievehappinessbyourselves.Wesimplycannotsurviveorlivewellwithoutfeelinglikeweareaccepted,”saysChristy.These“weaktie”relationshipsaren’tareplacementforthedeeper,moremeaningfulconnectionswealsoneed.ButChristysaysweshouldrecognizeandcelebratetheirimportance,andpushourselvestoengageinthembecausethey’resobeneficialtooursenseofwell-being.“Iamnotoutgoing,”shesays.“And,atthesametime,Ilovetalkingtostrangers.Ibelievethatanyonecandoit.”4．HowdidChristyfeelwhenshecouldn’tseethewomanasusual?A．Safe. B．Disappointed. C．Angry. D．Satisfied.5．WhatdidtheHarvardstudyfind?A．Olderadultsfeelhappierinmarriages.B．Physicalpainnegativelyaffectshappiness.C．Closerelationshipsleadtolong-termwell-being.D．Happinesshaslittletodowithsocialconnections.6．Whyare“weaktie”relationshipsmeaningful?A．Theycontributetoourhappiness. B．Theyhelpustobeoutgoing.C．Theyreplacecloserelationships. D．Theypushustocommunicate.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AdvantagesofBeingLonely B．InfluenceofMeetingNewPeopleC．ValueofStrongSocialConnections D．Importanceof“WeakTie”RelationshipsCYoungbabiesmakemanyshortandword-likesoundssuchas“ba”or“aga”.Thoseearlysoundsarelaterreplacedwithwordsand,eventually,sentences.Whilesomeofthemareborntobemoretalkativethanothers,anewstudyconfirmsthatmalebabiesmakemoresoundsthanfemalebabiesinthefirstyear.Whiletheresearchconfirmsearlierfindingsfromamuchsmallerstudybythesameteam,theystillcomeasasurprise.That’sbecausethere’sacommonandlong-heldbeliefthatfemaleshaveanadvantageovermalesinlanguage.Inthestudy,DrKimandhisteamincludedmorethan450,000hoursofall-dayrecordingsof5,899babies,usingadeviceaboutthesizeofaniPod.Thoserecordingswereprocessedtocountthenumberofwordsspokenbybabiesandadultsacrossthefirsttwoyearsoflife.Generally,thedatashowedthatmalebabiesmade10%moresoundsinthefirstyearcomparedtofemales.Inthesecondyear,thedifferenceturneddirections,withfemalebabiesmakingabout7%moresoundsthanmales.Thosedifferenceswereobservedeventhoughthenumberofwordsspokenbyadultscaringforthosebabieswashigherforfemalebabiesinbothyearscomparedtomales.Why,then,wouldmalebabiesbemoretalkativethanfemalesinthefirstyearandnotlater?“Wethinkitmaybebecauseboysaremorelikelytodieinthefirstyearthangirls.Giventhatsomanymaledeathshappeninthefirstyear,boysmayhavebeenunderespeciallyhighselectionpressuretoproducefitnesssignalstoexpresstheirwellnessandimprovetheirchancesofsurviving,”saysKim.Bythesecondyearoflife,asdeathratesdropsharplyacrosstheboard,headded,“thepressureonspecialfitnesssignalingislowerforbothboysandgirls.”8．Whyarethefindingsofthenewstudysurprising?A．Theyaresimilartoearlierones.B．Theyshowmalesaremoretalkative.C．Theygoagainstpeople’scommonbelief.D．Theyshowbabieslearnlanguagedifferently9．Whatdidthestudyfindaboutmalebabiesinthesecondyear?A．Theyreceivedmorelanguageinput.B．Theyshowedbetterlanguageabilities.C．Theycommunicatedmorewithadults.D．Theymadelesssoundsthanfemalebabies.10．Whatmightcausethechangeinsoundproductionformalebabies?A．Improvedlanguageskills. B．Changeinlivingenvironment.C．Lessneedforfitnesssignaling. D．Increaseinsocialcommunication.第二節(jié)課內(nèi)閱讀理解（滿分10分）（一）不定項選擇（共2小題；每小題2分，滿分4分）閱讀下面課內(nèi)節(jié)選文本，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出一個或多個正確的選項，漏選或多選不得分。Theboatwasontheinsideofthehugewhirlpoolandweweregoingroundincirclesatgreatspeed.Isawclearlythattherewereotherobjectsinthewhirlpool—treesandbarrels.Afterawhile,Ibecamecuriousaboutthewhirlpoolitself.Ithenmadethreeimportantobservations.Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell;thesecond,betweentwoobjectsofequalextent,spheres—roundobjects—felldownlessrapidly;andthethird,betweentwoobjectsofthesamesize,cylinders—objectsshapedlikeatube-felldownmoreslowly.AlthoughIdidn’tknowwhyitwasso,Itiedmyselftoabarreltohelpmefloat.Itriedtomakemybrotherunderstand,buthewastoofrightenedandstayedintheheavyboat.Withoutwaiting,Ijumpedintotheseatotryandescape.Sincemyescape,Ihavehadseveralconversationswithanoldphysicsteacher;anditwasfromhimthatIlearnedtheuseofthewords“cylinder”and“sphere”.HeexplainedtomethereasonsforwhatIobserved,althoughIhaveforgottentheexplanation.Heevenshowedmehowithappenedthatacylinder,swimminginavortex(漩渦),wasdrawninwithgreaterdifficultythananequallybigbody,ofanyformwhatever.11．Whyhasthestorytellerforgottentheteacher’sexplanation?A．Hewastooafraidtolistencarefully.B．Hedidn’tknowmuchaboutphysics.C．Theteacherdidn’texplaintheideasclearly.D．Theteacherdidn’tunderstandhisobservations.12．Howdidthestorytellersurvive?A．Hekeptcalm. B．Heobservedcarefully.C．Hejumpedintothesea. D．Hetiedhimselftoabarrel.（二）語句排序（共6小題；每小題0.5分，滿分3分）13．下列選項A至F是關(guān)于ChristopherReeve的經(jīng)歷，請按照先后順序排列。A.Hewasthrownoffhishorseandbrokehisneck.B.Hebecameanadvocateforpeoplewithbackinjuries.C.Heundertookanintenseexerciseprogrammetorebuildmuscle.D.Hiswife,familyandfriendshelpedhimfindthewilltoliveagain.E.Hewishedthathewasdeadandeventhoughtofendinghisownlife.F.Hisinjuriesweresoseverethathehadnomovementorfeelinginhisbody.（三）句子翻譯（共2小題；每小題1.5分，滿分3分）閱讀下面文段，并把下面兩個句子翻譯成中文。TheStarryNightwaspaintedinJune1889whenVincentvanGoghwasstayingatahomeforthementallyill.VanGoghpaintedthenightskywithclouds,starsandamoon.However,hedidn’tjustpainttheclouds.Healsopaintedthemassivecirclesofwhiteandyellowracingacrossthesky.Thestarsandthemoonhangbrightinthenightsky.Beneaththisamazingsky,weseeasleepingvillageandadark,lonelytree.14．Healsopaintedthemassivecirclesofwhiteandyellowracingacrossthesky.15．Beneaththisamazingsky,weseeasleepingvillageandadark,lonelytree.第三節(jié)選句填空（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。DoAnimalsHaveFriends?Whenyouseelittleanimalsplayingtogetheraroundatree,oracatanddogsleepingtogetherinthelivingroom,doyoueverthink—aretheyfriends?Oneexpert,Mike,believesthatmanyanimalsdohavefriends.Ifthey’reinthesamegroup,theygreetoneanother,traveltogether,playtogetherandevensharefoodwitheachother.16Playingtogetherhelpsanimalskeepthemclosetothegroup.Wilddogswhodon’tplaymucharemorelikelytoleavethegroupontheirown.17Ifananimalhasaspecialfriend,bothfriendsbenefitbyhavingsomeonetowatchoutforthem.Inthecaseofayoungrhino(犀牛)goingonitsfirstjourney,itmaylookforanoldertravelfriend.18Sharingisanotherimportantpartoffriendship.Forallanimals,findingfoodisamatteroflifeanddeath.ForsomebatsinCentralandSouthAmerica,iftheydon’tgetabloodmealeverythreedays,theydieofhunger.19Ifabatdoesn’tfindfood,afullbatwillthrowupsomebloodfromitsstomachintothemouthofthehungryfriend.Butsometimesmembersofagroupalsocompeteforfoodandmates,whichcanleadtofights.Somakingupafterfightsisakeyskill.Sometimesaftertwomalemonkeyshaveafight,theywillsitapart,avoidingeachother.20Anolderfemalemonkeymayneedtostepintoplaypeace-maker.Shewillwalkuptooneofthem,kissortouchhim,thenslowlywalktowardtheother.Thenshesitsclosetothesecondmale.Bothstartgrooming(梳毛)her.Whensheleaves,theycontinuetogroomeachother,asiftosay,“We’recoolnow.”A．Eachwantstheothertomakethefirstmove.B．Younganimalsoftenteamupforprotection.C．Buthungrybatsdon’tneedtoworryiftheyhavefriends.D．Andleavingtheprotectionofthegroupcanbedangerous.E．Thesefriendlybehaviorscanbeimportantforananimaltosurvive.F．Thefriendhelpstofindfoodandwater,andavoiddangerousanimals.G．Batstakebloodfromsleepinganimals,buttheyaresurprisinglygoodfriends.第四節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwassixty-eightyearsoldandretiredwhenourchurch(教堂)joinedaprisonservicegroup.Wewentonatourofthewomenprison(監(jiān)獄).Themetaldoorsgavemeasenseof21.IknewIcouldn’tstandbeinglockedbehindthosedoors,22asavolunteerwhoknewshewasgettingout.ThenMargo,ayoungbutexperiencedvolunteerintheprison,23metobeherpartner.Shefeltshecould24thewomenbyspeakingtotheirneeds.Herpositiveattitudeslowlybuiltmy25,andIacceptedherinvitation.Later,MargoandIscheduledourfirstvisit.26,whenwearrivedattheprison,thewomen27tocomeoutastheywerewatchingTV.AndwhenIarrivedthenextweekforthesecondvisit,IwastoldMargocouldn’t28!HowwasIsupposedtodealwiththemwhenshewasabsent?Waitingalone29,Ialmostjumpedatthesoundofthedoorunlocking.Onebyone,thewomeninorangeenteredtheroom.Isawdaughters,mothers,andgrandmothers.Theyhadalloncemadebaddecisionsbuttheywantedto30.Suddenly,Ifeltnofearandcouldn’twaittoshare31wordswiththesewomen.BeforeIknewit,ourmeetinghadendedandthewomenwere32me.FifteenyearshavepassednowandI33togoweeklytotheprison.Thegreatest34istohearthemsay“thanks,GrannyBev,”astheyfollowtheguardbacktotheirrooms,andIgothroughthe35doorsthatoncebroughtmefear.21．A．curiosity B．fear C．surprise D．sadness22．A．rarely B．especially C．even D．just23．A．invited B．forced C．a(chǎn)llowed D．hired24．A．control B．influence C．cheat D．judge25．A．capacity B．patience C．confidence D．reputation26．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However27．A．planned B．refused C．managed D．offered28．A．stay B．speak C．come D．walk29．A．nervously B．excitedly C．expectantly D．a(chǎn)ngrily30．A．survive B．escape C．relax D．change31．A．encouraging B．interesting C．polite D．tough32．A．congratulating B．a(chǎn)sking C．thanking D．observing33．A．stop B．struggle C．forget D．continue34．A．satisfaction B．interest C．disappointment D．wish35．A．hidden B．same C．mental D．wooden第三部分知識基礎(chǔ)（共五節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)詞匯中英（共20小題；每小題0.5分，滿分10分）把下列每組5個中文詞語與英文匹配，每組有兩個多余選項。匹配單詞A.comment

B.apartment

C.agreement

D.equipment

E.experiment

F.requirement

G.commitment36．實驗37．投入38．同意39．評論40．設(shè)備匹配單詞A.ambition

B.population

C.application

D.description

E.Examination

F.conversation

G.composition41．交談42．作文43．描述44．應(yīng)用45．抱負(fù)匹配單詞A.hesitate

B.explore

C.combine

D.confirm

E.conduct

F.encourage

G.contribute46．探險47．猶豫48．確認(rèn)49．實施50．鼓勵匹配單詞A.curious

B.general

C.standard

D.complex

E.intelligent

F.remarkable

G.convenient51．普遍的52．好奇的53．復(fù)雜的54．標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的55．便利的第二節(jié)語義匹配（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出與句中劃線部分意義最接近的選項。56．I’vealwayswantedtoimprovemycookingskills,sorecentlywhenIsawanadvertisementforacookingclass,Idecidedtosignupforit.A．teachthecookingclassB．takethecookingcourseC．designanadvertisementfortheclassD．writedownthenameoftheadvertisement57．WhenIwasbeingunfairlytreatedbyotherchildren,myfriendSarahcametomydefence,whichmovedmealot.A．criedforme B．supportedme C．cametohitme D．playedwithme58．Asshewalkedtowardsthestage,thenervoussingerhadtoswallowheranxietyinordertomakeaconfidentperformance.A．keepherselfactive B．drinksomewaterC．calmherselfdown D．takeadeepbreath59．Inspiredbyhisstruggleswithdeafness,LudwigvanBeethovenproducedsomeamazingpieces.Heproceededwithhiscompositionuntilhisdeath.A．keptpracticingthepianoB．wentontomakehisskillsperfectC．continuedtowritemusicalworksD．studiedhowtowriteacomposition60．Asthefinal,joyousnotesignalledtheendofthesymphony,theaudiencejumpedtotheirfeet,clapping,cheeringandwavingtheirhats.A．jumpedforward B．decidedtoleaveC．steppedontheirfeet D．stoodupinexcitement61．Hespokesharplytohisdaughterandmadehercry.A．inastrictandangryway B．inaloudandconfidentwayC．inafunnyanddirectway D．inasadandemotionalway62．ShewasthefirstChinesefemalescientisttobeawardedaNobelPrizeinrecognitionofherwork.A．tohonorherwork B．toidentifyheratworkC．togivemoneyforherwork D．tosupportherachievement63．Thepaintingshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear.A．a(chǎn)smallnumberofscarypeopleB．a(chǎn)littlemanshoutingfearfulwordsC．a(chǎn)thinfaceshowingafeelingofanxietyD．theshapeofathinmanwithascaredface64．ReevestarredinfourSupermanfilmsfrom1978to1987.A．pickedsomestars B．playedtheleadcharacterC．a(chǎn)ctedasthecharacterofastar D．becamefamousforhischaracters65．Icouldtellyoulotsandlotsaboutthisjourney.Whatstoriesyouwouldhavefortheboy…butwhatapricetopay.A．youneedtopayme B．IhaveagiftforyouC．thelossistoogreat D．itcostsmuchmoney第三節(jié)語音知識（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）請選擇單詞與音標(biāo)匹配正確的選項。66．A．variety/?ve?ra?ti/ B．escape/e?sk?p/C．privacy/?prar?v?si/ D．figure/?fa?g?(r)/67．A．daring/?da?r??/ B．a(chǎn)ppreciate/?pri???ie?t/C．passion/?pe??n/ D．identity/a?’dent?ti/68．A．throughout/θru??a?t/ B．disease/di??si?s/C．within/?w?θ?n/ D．moment/?m?m?nt/69．A．update/,?p?da?t/ B．shift/??ft/C．injury/?n?d???ri/ D．emotion/e?m???n/70．A．depression/d??pre?n/ B．breathe/breθ/C．concentrate/k?nsn?tre?t/ D．software/?su?ftwe?/第四節(jié)看音標(biāo)寫單詞（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）看音標(biāo)寫單詞71．/?h?pi/72．/t?e?nd?/73．/?metl/74．/?s?m?(r)/75．/?d?en?r?s/第五節(jié)單句語法填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）根據(jù)句意，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。76．Shegaveawonderful(perform)inthePeople’sTheatrelastweek.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）77．Thelabintheyworkedhaspoorairquality.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）78．Iwasstilltiedtothebarrel,andthewavessooncarriedmetoanareatheotherfishermenwere.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)79．Heorganizedmany(peace)protests,buthewasputbehindbarsmanytimesfordoingso.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）80．isstrangeisthatshealwayswearssunglassesindoors,evenatnight.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）81．Beethovenjumpedaboutinfrontoftheorchestra,(wave)hisarmswildly.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）82．AlthoughIhavetriedmybest,allmyeffortsendedin(fail).（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）83．First,histwosledges(break)downandthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)84．Shehasastrongdesire(catch)uponherreadingduringtheholidays.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）85．Communicatingthroughascreenmakesmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrate.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）86．In1943,manypeople(treat)unfairlyduetotheirskincolorinAmerica.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）87．CaptainScottleftarecord,forhonesty,forsincerity,for(brave),foreverythingthatmakesaman.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)88．Duringthepolarsummerof1910-1911,bothteamsorganizedfoodbasesin(prepare)fortheirjourneysthenextyear.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）89．Thereisnobetterwaytoseewhatyouarecapable.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）90．VanGoghpaintedhesawfromhiswindowthenightskywithclouds,starsandamoon.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)句子翻譯（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）把下面句子翻譯成英文。91．在2015年12月7日的諾貝爾獎頒獎典禮上，一位84歲高齡的中國老奶奶慢慢地走上領(lǐng)獎臺。（漢譯英）92．雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以讓人們更親近，但它也會損害友誼。（漢譯英）93．京劇，作為中國文化珍寶之一，深受眾多藝術(shù)愛好者的喜愛。（漢譯英）94．在John精彩的演講中，他分享了他英語學(xué)習(xí)取得快速進步的原因。（漢譯英）95．Scott的團隊在比賽中輸了，但正是他們的勇氣讓他們成為了英雄。（漢譯英）第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分15分）96．假定你是李華，你參加了學(xué)校上周舉辦的英語課本劇表演大賽（EnglishTextbookDramaCompetition），你的英國筆友Peter發(fā)郵件詢問相關(guān)情況。請你給他回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.參賽過程；2.你的收獲。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearPeter,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．A2．C3．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了2022年9月17日，一位59歲的父親戴維和他的28歲兒子約翰參加了在牛津舉行的鐵人三項比賽。盡管約翰行動不便，但他夢想成為運動員，父親充當(dāng)他的手腳，全程背負(fù)兒子參賽。他們需在17小時內(nèi)完成140英里的游泳、自行車騎行和跑步。經(jīng)過不懈努力，兩人最終攜手跨過終點線，展現(xiàn)了深沉的父愛與非凡的毅力。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Withoneendofaropetiedtoabeltaroundhisbackandtheotherendtoaboatwithhissoninside,thefathereasedhimselfintothewater.Swimmingwhilecarryinganotherpersonistoughenough—Davidalsohadtofightwithjellyfish(水母).(父親把繩子的一端綁在背上的皮帶上，另一端綁在船上，船上有他的兒子，他慢慢地下水了。帶著另一個人游泳已經(jīng)夠難的了——大衛(wèi)還不得不和水母搏斗)”可知，大衛(wèi)是通過拉一根系在自己背上和載著兒子的船之間的繩子來幫助兒子完成游泳部分的。故選A。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Heknewtimewasalmostrunningoutandworriedtheywouldn’tmakethecutoff.“NotbecauseIwouldn’tgetmymoment,”hesays,“butbecausedadhadworkedsohard.”(他知道時間幾乎要耗盡了，擔(dān)心他們無法在截止時間內(nèi)完成。“并不是因為我無法得到屬于我的那一刻，”他說，“而是因為爸爸付出了太多努力。”)”可知，約翰擔(dān)心不能按時完成主要是因為他知道父親付出了巨大的努力，他不想讓父親的努力白費。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Despitedifficultyinwalking,Johnhashisdreamofbeinganathlete.Hisfatherwouldactashisarmsandlegs,carryingtheweightofhissonthroughouttherace.(盡管走路很困難，約翰仍有成為一名運動員的夢想。他的父親會充當(dāng)他的胳膊和腿，在整個比賽中承受著兒子的重量)”以及全文可知，整篇文章描述了大衛(wèi)為了幫助殘疾的兒子實現(xiàn)運動員的夢想，不辭辛勞，承擔(dān)起兒子的重量，陪伴他完成艱難的鐵人三項比賽。這種行為體現(xiàn)了極強的責(zé)任感和無私的愛。故選A。4．B5．C6．A7．D【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了與陌生人之間的“弱聯(lián)系”也能幫助我們提升幸福感。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Ifshewasn’tthereonagivenday,thingsdidn’tfeelright.Imissedher,”saysChristy,nowapsychology(心理學(xué))expertatauniversityintheU.K.“Itwasthishugesourceofcomfortandsafety,anditwaswithsomeoneInevertalkedto.”(“如果某一天她不在，事情就會感覺不對勁?！笨死锼沟佻F(xiàn)在是英國一所大學(xué)的心理學(xué)專家，她說:“這是一個巨大的安慰和安全的來源，而且是和一個我從未說過話的人在一起?！?”可推知，當(dāng)Christy不能像往常一樣看見那個賣熱狗的女人，她感到失望。故選B。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ontheotherhand,aHarvardstudyfoundthathavingstrongrelationshipsiskeytolivingalongandhappylife.(另一方面，哈佛大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有牢固的人際關(guān)系是幸福長壽的關(guān)鍵)”可知，哈佛大學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親密的關(guān)系能帶來長期的幸福。故選C。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“These“weaktie”relationshipsaren’tareplacementforthedeeper,moremeaningfulconnectionswealsoneed.ButChristysaysweshouldrecognizeandcelebratetheirimportance,andpushourselvestoengageinthembecausethey’resobeneficialtooursenseofwell-being.(這些“弱聯(lián)系”關(guān)系并不能替代我們所需要的更深層、更有意義的聯(lián)系。但克里斯蒂說，我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識到并慶祝它們的重要性，并推動自己參與其中，因為它們對我們的幸福感非常有益)”可知，“弱聯(lián)系”是有意義的，因為它們有助于我們的幸福感。故選A。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thatconnectionsatisfiedadeep,bodilyneedforChristy,justlikewaterrelievesthirst.Humansareintenselysocialanimals,andresearchincreasinglysuggeststhatlosingourconnectionstootherscannegativelyimpactourhealth.(這種聯(lián)系滿足了對克里斯蒂的身體深層需求，就像水可以解渴一樣。人類是高度社會化的動物，越來越多的研究表明，失去與他人的聯(lián)系會對我們的健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”及最后一段“These“weaktie”relationshipsaren’tareplacementforthedeeper,moremeaningfulconnectionswealsoneed.ButChristysaysweshouldrecognizeandcelebratetheirimportance,andpushourselvestoengageinthembecausethey’resobeneficialtooursenseofwell-being.(這些“弱聯(lián)系”關(guān)系并不能替代我們所需要的更深層、更有意義的聯(lián)系。但克里斯蒂說，我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識到并慶祝它們的重要性，并推動自己參與其中，因為它們對我們的幸福感非常有益)”可知，本文介紹了與陌生人之間的“弱聯(lián)系”對我們來說很重要，能提升幸福感，D選項“‘弱聯(lián)系’關(guān)系的重要性”符合本文主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。8．C9．D10．C【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，研究表明，男嬰在出生的第一年發(fā)音比女嬰多，而在第二年，發(fā)出的聲音比女嬰要少，文章解釋了這種現(xiàn)象的原因。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whilesomeofthemareborntobemoretalkativethanothers,anewstudyconfirmsthatmalebabiesmakemoresoundsthanfemalebabiesinthefirstyear.(雖然有些嬰兒生來就比其他人更健談，但一項新的研究證實，男嬰在出生第一年發(fā)出的聲音比女嬰更多)”及第二段“Whiletheresearchconfirmsearlierfindingsfromamuchsmallerstudybythesameteam,theystillcomeasasurprise.That’sbecausethere’sacommonandlong-heldbeliefthatfemaleshaveanadvantageovermalesinlanguage.(雖然這項研究證實了同一團隊先前進行的一項規(guī)模小得多的研究的結(jié)果，但它們?nèi)匀涣钊梭@訝。這是因為人們長期以來普遍認(rèn)為，女性在語言方面比男性更有優(yōu)勢。)”可知，新的研究表明男嬰在出生的第一年發(fā)音比女嬰多，與長期以來人們普遍女性在語言方面比男性更有優(yōu)勢這一觀點相悖，這是令人驚訝的。故選C。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inthesecondyear,thedifferenceturneddirections,withfemalebabiesmakingabout7%moresoundsthanmales.(在第二年，這種差異轉(zhuǎn)向了方向，女嬰發(fā)出的聲音比男嬰多7%)”可知，第二年，男嬰發(fā)出的聲音比女嬰要少。故選D。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Wethinkitmaybebecauseboysaremorelikelytodieinthefirstyearthangirls.Giventhatsomanymaledeathshappeninthefirstyear,boysmayhavebeenunderespeciallyhighselectionpressuretoproducefitnesssignalstoexpresstheirwellnessandimprovetheirchancesofsurviving,”saysKim.Bythesecondyearoflife,asdeathratesdropsharplyacrosstheboard,headded,“thepressureonspecialfitnesssignalingislowerforbothboysandgirls.”(“我們認(rèn)為這可能是因為男孩在第一年比女孩更容易死亡。鑒于如此多的男性死亡發(fā)生在第一年，男孩可能在特別高的選擇壓力下產(chǎn)生健康信號來表達他們的健康和提高他們的生存機會，”Kim說。他補充說，到嬰兒出生后第二年，隨著死亡率全面大幅下降，“男孩和女孩在特殊健康信號方面的壓力都較低。”)”可知，男嬰在第二年發(fā)出更少的聲音也許是由于第二年死亡壓力減少，所以需要更少的信號來表達健康需求。故選C。11．B12．ABCD【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了我在巨大的漩渦里，通過自己的觀察，找到了最佳的逃跑方式，且事后與物理老師交流，懂得了“圓柱體”和“球體”這兩個詞的使用。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Sincemyescape,Ihavehadseveralconversationswithanoldphysicsteacher;anditwasfromhimthatIlearnedtheuseofthewords“cylinder”and“sphere”.HeexplainedtomethereasonsforwhatIobserved,althoughIhaveforgottentheexplanation.(自從我逃離后，我和一位物理老師進行了幾次談話；正是從他那里，我獲得了“圓柱體”和“球體”這兩個詞的使用。他向我解釋了我觀察到的原因，盡管我忘記了解釋。)”可推知，作者是在逃離之后與物理老師談話，從而得到了兩個詞的使用，老師向他解釋了觀察到的原因，作者卻記不住的原因是因為作者不是物理專業(yè)的學(xué)生，對物理的了解不多，故選B。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Afterawhile,Ibecamecuriousaboutthewhirlpoolitself.Ithenmadethreeimportantobservations.(一會之后，我對漩渦本身很好奇。然后就做了三次重要的觀察。)”、“AlthoughIdidn’tknowwhyitwasso,Itiedmyselftoabarreltohelpmefloat.(盡管我不知道為什么如此，但我把自己綁在一個桶上幫助自己浮起來。)”以及“Withoutwaiting,Ijumpedintotheseatotryandescape.(沒有等待，我一下子跳進海里，試圖逃跑。)”可知，作者行駛的船在巨大的漩渦里，已經(jīng)很危險了，但作者還是能觀察周圍的事物，故說明作者很冷靜且觀察仔細；通過將自己綁在桶上并跳入海中來逃生，故選ABCD。13．AFEDCB【詳解】考查事例排序?！癆.Hewasthrownoffhishorseandbrokehisneck.”意為“A.他從馬背上摔下來，摔斷了脖子?！保弧癇.Hebecameanadvocateforpeoplewithbackinjuries.”意為“B.他成為了背部受傷的人的擁護者。”；“C.Heundertookanintenseexerciseprogrammetorebuildmuscle.”意為“C.他進行了強度很大的鍛煉項目來增強肌肉?！?；“D.Hiswife,familyandfriendshelpedhimfindthewilltoliveagain.”意為“D.他的妻子、家人和朋友幫助他找到了活下去的毅力。”；“E.Hewishedthathewasdeada