高一下學期開學考試英語

20232024學年高一下學期開學檢測試題英語注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名和座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡的相應位置上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項.1.Whatdoesthewomanfindsurprising?A.Themandoesnothaveanairconditioner.B.Themanhasnotbeenusinghisairconditioner.C.Thesummerhasbeenunusuallyhot.2.Whywillthemancallthewoman?A.Toaskheraboutthehomework.B.Totalktoherroommate.C.Togivehersomeinformation.3.WhatclotheswillthemanprobablywearforJane’swedding?A.Hisoldsuit. B.Hisnewsuit. C.Heisnotsure.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheisstillthinking. B.Shehasfinishedordering. C.Sheisguessing.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.AskAliceifthemancanborrowthenovel.B.ReturnthenoveltoAliceimmediately.C.Helpthemantofindacopyinthebookstore.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.WheredoesthemanusuallywatchtheTVshows?A.OnTV. B.Onhisputer. C.Onhisphone.7.WhatdoesthemanusuallywatchontheInternet?A.Shortvideos. B.Dramaseries. C.Newsprograms.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanplantodotoday?A.Gocamping. B.VisitLinda. C.Finishherreport.9.Whenwillthemangointotown?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.WhoisKeke?A.Theman’sfriend. B.AnEnglishteacher. C.Acuteparrot.11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Shopping. B.Talkingaboutparrots. C.LearningEnglish12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodointheend?A.Toplaychesswithhim.B.ToteachKekeEnglish.C.Tocontinuereadingherbook.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Sorryandregretful. B.Understandingbutsad. C.Concernedandangry.14.WhendidElizabethgethometoday?A.At10:00p.m. B.At10:45p.m. C.At11:00p.m.15.WhywasElizabethlate?A.Shewasstuckintraffic. B.Shegotinanaccident. C.Sheforgotaboutthetime.16.Whatdidthemandecide?A.Elizabethcannotuseherphoneforaweek.B.Elizabethcannotseeherfriendsforaweek.C.Elizabethhastoehomeearlyforaweek.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Howdidthespeakergotoschool?A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bybus.18.Whendidtherainbegin?A.Beforehelefthome. B.Afterhearrivedatschool. C.Whenschoolwasover.19.Howlongdidtherainlast?A.Severalminutes. B.Halfanhour. C.Threehours.20.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaftertherain?A.fortable. B.Annoyed. C.Frightened.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AScienceBooksforKidsofAllAgesTohelpyouchoosetheperfecteducationalbooksforyourchild,we’vecreatedthishandpickedlistofthebestsciencebooksforkids.Thetitlesfeaturedheresparkcuriosity,encouragelearning,andarelotsoffun,too.AboutTime:AFirstLookatTimeandClocksAuthor:BruceKoscielniak;Price:US$8.55Longagopeopleusedthesun,themoon,andthewatertotelltime.Soonafterwebeganusingourknowledgeaboutthenaturalworldtobuildclocksandtocreatecalendarsmadeupofmonthsandyears.Centurieslater,wehaveclocksandcalendarsallaroundus.Thisbooktellstheamazingstoryofhowitallhappened!Animalium:WeletotheMuseumAuthor:KatieScott;Price:US$8.99Thisbookopensthedoorsofthenaturalhistorymuseumforyourchildallyearround!Itfeatures200fullcolorspecimens(樣本)acpaniedbylively,informativetextandmore.Discovertheanimalkingdomingloriousdetailwithuniqueillustrationsthatbinescienceandart.Bang!:HowWeCametoBeAuthor:MichaelRubino;Price:US$16.00“Bang!Andthatwasit,thebeginningofeverything.”Sobeginsthisbeautifullyillustratedstoryofevolution.Thisbookconveysnotonlythefactsbutalsotheexcitementofthescientificexplanationofourworld,fromtheoriginoftheuniversetothepresentrealityofourplanet.BedtimeMath:TheTruthesOutAuthor:LauraOverdeck;Price:US$10.99Thisbookmakeslearningaboutmathasfunasdessertafterdinner!Itbinesmathandcoolfactsforonefunandwildadventure.Nowkidscandiscoverthesciencebehindalltheirfavoritethings:marshmallows,soda,icecream,andmore.Withover100mathproblemsonavarietyoftopics,kidswillfindmathisn’tjustfun—itcanbefoundeverywhere!21.WhatcankidslearninthebookAboutTime?A.Thetoughlifeofancestors. B.Theoriginofthesunandthemoon.C.Theoldwaystomeasuretime. D.Thewildlifeinthenaturalworld.22.WhatdoAnimaliumandBang!haveinmon?A.Theyarechildren’snovels. B.Theyarepopularforcheapprice.C.Theyarecollectedinthemuseum. D.Theyareillustratedstoriesforkids.23.Whichbookcanmakenumbersfunandeasy?A.Bang!. B.BedtimeMath. C.Animalium. D.AboutTime.B3MandDiscoveryEducationannouncedSeanJiangfromGilmanSchoolasoneofthetoptenfinalistsfromacrossthenationforthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge.It'sapetitionthatencouragesstudentstoidentifyaneverydayproblemandsubmitavideoshowingthesciencebehindthesolutionheorshecameupwith.14yearoldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan'tsee.Blindpeoplehadahardtimenavigating（導航）objectsthataremediumtofarrange.SoJiangwantedtodesignsomethingtogivethemaheadsuponobstacles（障礙）thatmaybeining.Jiang'sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem."Ilearnedinschoolthatbatsandwhalesareabletouseecholocation（回聲定位）tohelpthemnavigateandjustusetheirsenseofhearingandIalsosawonYouTubesomeveryskilledblindpeoplethatuseecholocationtohelpthemwalk,"saidJiang.Jiangstartedwithavirtualrealitysettingandthenmadeitareality.Hiscreationusesadepthcamerathatcandetecthowcloseobjectsare,thusgivingenoughtimetododgetheobstacles.Whenablindiswalkingwiththedevice,thesensorofthedepthcameragatherstheinformationregardingtheobstacles'positionanddistance.ThentheAIsysteminitwillturnthedistancedataintomusicalsoundguidance.Thiscouldsignificantlyincreasethewalkingspeedofablindpersonaswellasdecreasethenumberofobstaclestheyhit.Someothersimilarprogramswerealrightatfindingobjectsthatwereincloserange,butJiangstillwantedtheblindtoexperiencetheworldevenfullersotheywereabletoseestuffthatwasmuchfurtherawaythantheircircleofreach.InOctober,thetoptenfinalistswillpeteinpersoninMinneapolisforthetitleof"America'sTopYoungScientist"anda$25,000prize.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJiangfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasthechampionofthe20233Mevent.B.Heinventedtechnologytoremoveroadobstacles.C.Hesoughttoassisttheblindinwalkingsmoothly.D.Hedevelopedanewnavigationappforhisschool.25.WhydidJiangmention"echolocation"?A.Toshowthedevelopmentoftechnology.B.Topresentthedifficultiestheblindface.C.Tostressthesignificanceofhearing.D.Toexplaintheinspirationofhisinvention.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dodge"meaninparagraph4?A.Avoid.B.Encounter.C.Challenge.D.Remove.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.3Mfacilitiesintendedfortheblind.B.Ateenusingsoundtohelptheblind.C.Aninventiontocurevisionproblems.D.Apetitiontoimprovetheblind'slife.CWhendeliveringmedicationstopatients,oneofthemosteffectivemethodsisdirectinjection（注射）intothebloodstreamusinganeedle.Butthiscanbeanunfortableexperience,especiallyforkidsoradultswithafearofneedles.Whilepatientsdohavetheoptiontotakeoralpillsinstead,drugscontaininglargemolecules（分子）arenotabsorbedeffectivelythisway.Now,inspiredbyoctopussuckers（章魚吸盤）,researchersfromChinaandSwitzerlandhavedesignedaneedlefreealternative:atiny,drugfilled,cuplikepatch（貼片）thatstickstotheinsideofthecheeks.Thedeviceiseasilyaccessible,anditcanberemovedatanytimeandthedruggetsabsorbedthroughtheliningoftheinnercheek,theteamreportsinapaperinScienceTranslationalMedicine.Totestthedesign,theteam3Dprintedthesuckers.Theyloadedeachwiththedrugandstucktheminsidethecheeksofthreebeagles,akindofdogwhichhasasimilarinnercheekliningtohumans.Forparison,theyalsodeliveredthedrugtobeaglesviaapill.Afterthreehours,theteamfoundthatdrugbloodconcentrationsindogswiththepatchweremorethan150timeshigherthaninthedogsthattookatablet.Theyalsofoundpatchesworkedeffectivelyfordrugswithlargemolecules.40healthyhumanvolunteersselfappliedwaterfilledpatchestoseehowwelltheywouldstayonwhiletalkingandmovingtheirmouths.After30minutes,onlyfiveofthe40patcheshadfallenoff,whichwasbecauseofimproperplacement.Mostvolunteerssaidtheywouldpreferapatchoverinjectionsfordailyapplications.Still,theteamonlytestedthepatchforashorttimesotheywouldneedtofindoutwhatwouldhappenifitwasusedrepeatedly.They'dalsoneedtodeterminewhichdrugswouldworkwiththetechnology:thetargetislargemolecules,suchasthoseusedtotreatobesityorosteoporosis,buttheycan'tbetoolargetofitinthecup.28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthepatch?A.Tohelppatientsoverethefearofneedles.B.Toenablekidstoswallowtabletssmoothly.C.Toofferabetterwayofdrugdelivery.D.Toguaranteetheefficiencyoforalpills.29.Whatdoestheresearchondogsprove?A.Itistechnologicallypossibleto3Dprintthepatches.B.Thecheekliningofdogsissimilartothatofhumans.C.Patchesfalleasilywiththeirmouthmovement.D.Drugsareabsorbedbetterthroughpatchesthanpills.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethedevice?A.Innovativeandprofitable. B.Effectiveanduserfriendly.C.Affordableandaccessible. D.Flexibleandlonglasting.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphstress?A.Therelatedissuestobesolved.B.Theriskofusingpatchesrepeatedly.C.Thewaytoidentitylargemolecules.D.Thetroubleofimprovingthetechnology.DYouseeashoppertripoverinabusystreet.Someoneelsecanhelp.That'swhatyoutellyourself.Thisisthebystandereffect（旁觀者效應）inactionthedilution（淡化）ofresponsibilityinthepresenceofothersandithasbeendemonstratedinmanypaststudies.Butlifeisplicatedandpsychologistshaveseenexceptionalsituations.RecentlytwoexperimentswereconductedbyMarcovanBommelandhisteamusinganonlinechatroomforpeoplewithextremeemotionalproblems.Eightysixstudentswereloggedintotheforum（論壇）andshownfivemessagesfromtroubledusers.Theyweretoldtowriteareplyiftheywanted,butitwasentirelyuptothestudentsthemselves.Basically,participantscouldseetheirnamesonthescreenalongsideothers'names.Acounteralsotoldthemiftheforumwasquietwithjustoneotherpersonloggedin,orbusywith30othersonline.ThisarrangementreproducedtheclassicBystanderEffectparticipantswerelesslikelytopostreplieswithmorepeopleloggedin.However,whentheresearcherscued（提示）selfawarenessbyhighlightingparticipants'namesinredonthescreen,theypostedmorerepliesonabusyforum.Asecondstudywasbuiltonthesefindings,butthistimeselfawarenesswasraisedbythepresence,ornot,ofaputerwebcamera.Over100participantstookpart.ThenresearchersfoundthattheBystanderEffectwasreproducedwhenwebcameraswereabsentonbusyforumsparticipantspostedfewerrepliestoneedyusers.Onthecontrary,thosecuedtobeselfawarebythewebcameraactuallywrotemorereplies.Nearlyanyonlinemunitycanbenefitfromtheresearch.Theabilitytoturnhesitantbystandersintoeagerhelpersisarecipeforengagementandcollectivebenefit.Asintheresearch,simpledesigncuescouldbeintegratedtohelponlineusersremembertheyarevisibletothemunity.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph1referto?A.Thehiddendangerofabusystreet. B.Thebystandereffectinaction.C.Thedilutionofresponsibility. D.Thepresenceofotherpeople.33.Inthefirststudy,theparticipantspostedmorerepliestothetroubledwhenA.thereweremoreemotionalproblemsB.thecounterindicatedtheforumwasquietC.theirpresencewasremindedonthescreenD.moreindividualswereloggedintheforum34.Whyisthewebcamerausedinthesecondstudy?A.Toencouragemorereplies. B.Toreproducethebystandereffect.C.Tofurthertestparticipants'mindset. D.Tobetterrecordparticipants'actions.35.Whatstrategycanonlinemunitieslearnfromtheresearch?A.Workingtogethertoattractmoreusers.B.biningdesignstoboostusers'memory.C.Buildingmoreplatformsforpublicpromotion.D.Exploringwaystochangebystandersintoupstanders.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Forthepasttwomonths,MandyChen,asecondyearstudentatBeijingUniversityofTechnology,hasbeenpostingphotosofherselftoTaobao,posingwithareusablecup,climbingstairsandswitchingofflights.36Taobao'sAlalgorithm（算法）calculatesthatChen'suseofareusablecupreduced15.7gramsofcarbonemissions（排放）,whileherchoicetotakethestairsinsteadoftheliftresultedinareductionof19.5grams.37Aftersevendaysofpostingherphotos,ChenexchangedthepointsforadozenofbiodegradablerubbishbagsfromTaobao.Everyonecangetanendlesssupplyoffreetrashbagsiftheykeepgoing,accordingtoChen.38ChenusesCarbon88,aplatformlaunchedlastAugustbyAlibabaGroupHolding,tohelpthemorethan800millionusersonTaobaoadoptasustainablelifestyle.Theplatformrewardsusersforover70lowcarbonbehaviours.39Italsoremendsproductsthatitconsidersenvironmentallysustainable,andgivesuserspointsforbuyingthem.40"Ididn'tknowthatmyactionscouldproducesuchcarbonreduction,"Chensaid,"NowIfeelgoodforwhatI'mdoingtomakethisworldatinybitbetter.Weasapartofsocietycancallformoresystemicchanges."A.Itaimstoencouragethemtoreducetheircarbonfootprint.B.Andhereffortstosaveelectricityprevented65.50grams.C.It'savaluableadditiontocurrentcarbonreductionpolicies.D.Carbon88hashelpedincreaseChen'senvironmentalawareness.E.Withinminutes,shereceivesadozenpointsfromtheappasareward.F.Theyrangefromtakingpublictransporttoshoppingofsecondhanditems.G.Sheisnowsavingpointsforsomethingbetter,likesnacksandwaterbottles.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。HarryBurleighheadedintothewoodsforacampingtripwithhisfishingequipment.Afewdayslater,hiswifeStacygrew41whenhedidn'tehomeasplanned.Stacycalledthe42toreportherhusband'smissing.Searchandrescueteams43begantheirworkandwentonfordays,buttherewasno44ofHarryanywhere.Everyonewasworriedthetemperatureswerequitelowsomenights,andithadevensnowed.OnMay15,therescuersfinallycaughtabreakwhenthey45ashelterandhisfishingequipment.They46supportfromover16rescueorganizations,andtheyexploredeverypossible47butwithnoluck.Therefore,therescuers48himalighterandanotetellinghimtomakea49andtheywouldbeback.Twodayslater,ateamfoundanother50,butthistime,Harrywasnearbyandheardhisnamecalled!Itturnedouthewas51alongthepathwithminorpain.52,thecrewradioedforahelicoptertotakehimtothehospitalforapleteevaluationafterspending17longdaysout."Thiswasthe53weallhavebeenlookingforinthiscase,"arescuersaid."Itisour54searchandrescueteamsandthepartnershipswehavewithotherteamsthathelped55Mr.Burleighandhisfamily."41. A.excited B.concerned C.annoyed D.puzzled42. A.authorities B.hospital C.agencies D.family43. A.hesitantly B.immediately C.secretly D.suddenly44. A.news B.hope C.sign D.wonder45. A.spotted B.offered C.sought D.constructed46. A.turneddown B.dependedon C.calledin D.cutoff47. A.equipment B.break C.food D.path48. A.bought B.left C.presented D.fetched49. A.fire B.bed C.video D.face50. A.river B.chance C.team D.shelter51. A.hunting B.exploring C.walking D.marching52. A.Amused B.Awkward C.Upset D.Relieved53. A.cause B.oute C.award D.evaluation54. A.determined B.tolerant C.disciplined D.flexible55. A.affect B.instruct C.encourage D.reunite第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Xi'an,capitalcityofShaanxi,servedasthecapitalof13dynastiesinChinesehistory,whichintotal56（last）about1,100years.Consequently,theancienthistoryofShaanxiistosomedegreetheancienthistoryofChina.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumconsiders57adutytobeashowcaseofChineseancientcivilization.PeoplecallShaanxiHistoryMuseum"BrightPearlinAncientCapitalandPreciousTreasureofChina",foritisanartpalace58（full）showingShaanxihistoryandcultureaswellasChineseancientcivilization.ItsarchitecturalbuildingsandexhibitshavemadeitfamousasafirstclassmuseuminChina59itwasopenedtothepublicin1991.Itcovers60totalareaof65,000squaremeters.Thebasichallsinthemuseumaredividedintothreeexhibitionhalls612,000culturalremainstodisplaythehistoryofancienttimesinchronological（編年的）order.Thefirstexhibitionhall62（locate）onthegroundfloorwhiletheothertwoareonthesecondfloor.While63（design）thebuildingsinShaanxiHistoryMuseum,thegreatdesignerused64（tradition）palaceconstructionofTangDynastyforreference.Adoptingsymmetryaxis（軸對稱）layoutwithmainandsupportingbuildingsinorder,theplex65（architecture）showtheuniquepresenceofTangDynasty.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校英文報正在開展以Students'TimeSpentonPhysicalExerciseWeekly為題的討論。請使用圖表中的調查結果寫一篇短文投稿,內容包括：1.描述調查結果；2.分析其原因并給出建議。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。Students'TimeSpentonPhysicalExerciseWeeklyNowadays,manystudentsareawareofthesignificanceofphysicalexercise,althoughthetimetheyspendonitvaries.第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。SavingtheDaisiesTayloraged14openedhersleepyeyesandlookedoutthewindowbelow."NO!"shecried,nowfullyawake.ButtermilkthecowwasinMama'sdaisy（雛菊）garden."Imusthaveforgottentoclosethegatelastnight,"Taylorthoughtasshepulledasweatshirtoverherhead.Mamawasplanningtosellthedaisiesatthefairnextweek.ButButtermilkwaseatingtheflowers.Taylorhurriedoutsideandgrabbedarope."Whycan'tyoustayinthefield?"shecalledtoButtermilkassheheadedacrosstheyardtothedaisygarden.Buttermilkstoodbitingthetenderflowers."WhenIgrowup,I'llbeanartistandpaintpicturesallday,"Taylorthought."I'llnotownacow.Toomuchtrouble."Taylorwasfondofpaintingsincethedayshehadmemory.Shewouldliketohelpwithfamilybutshelovedseeingbirdsandflowersaliveunderherbrushmore.JustasTaylorwasabouttothrowtheropeontoButtermilk'scollar,thefamilydogbarked.Buttermilkcouldn'tstanditandtookoff,tearingthroughthedaisies.Itfinallyranthroughtheopengateandintothefieldoutside."Thankgoodness!"Taylorsaidassheclosedthegateandsecuredthelock.Butassheturnedtolookattheflowergarden,mostofthedaisieswereeithereatenorleftinpieces.MamaandDadcameoutofthehouse."What'sgoingon?"Mamaasked.Shelookedsadlyathergarden."Iforgottoclosethegate,"Taylorsaid."I'msosorry.""Iknowyouare."MamasighedandgaveTaylorahug.Taylor'sheartwasheavyasshewentbackintothehouse.Mamahadpreparedmuchforthefairbutnowhalfofhereffortswereinvain.Taylordecidedtothinkofawaytomakeituptohermother.TheproblemtaskedTaylor'smind.Couldsheplantotherflowersinaweek?Notenoughtime.Couldshemakeuseofthedaisiesinpieces?Notenoughmagic.Taylorfoundnowayout.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Suddenly,Taylornoticedadaisypaintinginthehouseandanideajumpedin.________________________________________________________________Aweeklater,whenherparentswereloadingthecar,Taylorbroughtherpaintingsdownstairs.________________________________