Unit+10+Grammar 人教版八年級英語下冊

Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.GrammarTo

learn

the

Present

Perfect

Tense.To

learn

the

usage

of

forand

since

.1.--How

long

have

you

had

that

bike

overthere?--I've

had

it

for

three

years.2.--How

long

has

she

owned

the

toy

bear?--she

has

owned

it

since

two

years

ago.Let's

read1.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehad

itforthree

years.2.How

long

has

his

son

ownedthetrainand

railwayset?He'sowneditsince

his

fourth

birthday.3.Have

you

ever

played

football?Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butI

haven't

played

for

a

while

now.1.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。標(biāo)志詞：already,yet,just,ever,never現(xiàn)在完成時的用法句中動詞的特點1.這本書我買了5年了。l

have

boughtthe

bookforfiveyears.(

)

I've

had

the

book

for

five

years.(

)2.你哥哥參軍多長時間了?How

long

hasyour

brotherjoinedthearmy?(

)How

long

hasyour

brother

been

inthearmy/beena

soldier?(

)XX2.完成時態(tài)表示過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或者狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時的用法非延續(xù)性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1.轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成catch

a

cold

—

have

a

coldgettoknow—knowgetto

sleep

—sleepborrow

—

keepput

on

—wearbuy—have2.轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞”begin/start—

beongo

out

—

beoutclose

—

beclosedopen—

beopengetto/arrive/reach—

be(in)die

—be

deadleave—

beawayfinish—be

overfallsleep—

beasleepjoin—be

in/bea

member

ofbecome

—

bemakefriends—

be

friendscome/go/—

be+相應(yīng)的介詞短語1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Rewritethesentences

usingforor

since.They

have

been

hungry

for

tenhours/since

ten

hours

ago.Jim

has

been

in

Japan

for

three

years.3.I

have

a

camera.

lboughtit

in

2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirst

met

herthreeyearsago.5.Linda

is

ill.She

became

OnMonday.I

have

known

Ann

for

three

years/since

three

years

ago.Linda

has

been

ill

since

Monday.I

have

had

a

camera

since

2009.1.現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問詞+

have/has

+

主語+過去分詞+其他成分。詢問時間長短的疑問詞用how

long。2.介詞for

后接一段時間，指某個動作或情況到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多久。3.since有兩種用法，分別是：①

作為介詞，接一個時間名詞；②

作為連詞，引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。since表示“自……以來”,指某個動作或情況從過去某一點時間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。Ⅰ.用since或for填空。1.JimhasbeeninIreland________Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland________threedays.3.Twoyearshaspassed________heleftBeijing.4.Mollyhaskeptthebook________twoyearsago.sinceforsincefor5.India

has

beenan

independentcountry

1947.6.The

bus

is

late.They’vebeenwaiting

20)1minutes.7.Nobody

lives

inthose

houses.Theyhave

beenempty

manyyears.8.Mike

has

been

ill

a

longtime.He

has