北師大版高中英語必修二第5講：Unit5-Rhythm-詞匯篇2(學(xué)生版)

Unit5Rhythm詞匯篇2____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握第五單元第三課及第四課的重點單詞，短語及句型。2、靈活運用第五單元第三課及第四課的重點單詞，短語及句型。doingsth.is/does/can…動名詞作主語考點釋義：=1\*GB3①動名詞作主語，表示抽象的概念，通常直接至于句首。LearningEnglishisreallynecessaryinthemoderntimes.在當(dāng)今這個時代，學(xué)英語是很有必要的。=2\*GB3②用it作形式主語，動名詞后置，以下是常用句型：Itis/wasnouse/goodItis/wasnotanyuse/gooddoingItis/wasoflittleuse/gooddoingItis/wasworth2.livewith與…一起生活，忍受，忍耐Shehadtolearntolivewiththepain.她不得不學(xué)會承受痛苦。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①liveby靠…手段謀生=2\*GB3②liveon以食…為生，靠（…錢）生活=3\*GB3③livethrough經(jīng)歷災(zāi)難（或其他困境）而幸存=4\*GB3④liveupto符合，不辜負(fù)（他人的期望）=5\*GB3⑤livefor為…而活著3.not…until直到…才…考點釋義：=1\*GB3①Notuntil位于句首，主句用倒裝語序。NotuntilIhavefinishedmytaskshallIbeabletogotothemovies.直到完成任務(wù)我才能去看電影。=2\*GB3②使用Itis/was…that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Itwasnotuntilhewasactuallydyingthathesaid“Icanworkforthepeoplenomore.”直到他臨終之前，他才說；“我再也不能為人民工作了?！?.attimes=fromtimetotime有時，不時短語拓展：atatime每次，一次wecan’tdotwothingsatatime.我們不能一次做兩件事情。atalltimes總是，隨時，永遠(yuǎn)pleasekeepacoolheadatalltimes.無論何時請保持清醒的頭腦。atanytime隨時，在任何時候innotime立刻，馬上atonetime曾經(jīng)，一度atnotime絕不5.quitvt.&vi.停止，辭職，離開短語拓展：=1\*GB3①quitsth.停止某事，辭去（工作）=2\*GB3②quitdoingsth.停止做某事=3\*GB3③quitoffice/one’sjob辭職=4\*GB3④quitschool輟學(xué)6.goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另外一件事Let’sgoontolearnthenextunit.讓我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①goontodosth.接著做另一件事=2\*GB3②goondoingsth.（停頓后）繼續(xù)做原來的事Youcan’tgoonworkinglikethis—youwillbreakdown.不能再這樣工作了—你會垮掉的。=3\*GB3③goonwithsth.（間斷后）做原來沒做完的事，后只接名詞作賓語7.insomeways在一些方面短語拓展：=1\*GB3①innoway絕不=2\*GB3②inthe/one’sway擋路，妨礙=3\*GB3③onthe/one’sway在…路上，即將去（來）=4\*GB3④bytheway順便說一下，憑借…方式=5\*GB3⑤bywayof經(jīng)由，路經(jīng)=6\*GB3⑥makewayfor給…讓路=7\*GB3⑦makeone’sway前往，前進(jìn)=8\*GB3⑧l(xiāng)oseone’sway迷路=9\*GB3⑨inaway在某種程度上8.appearancen.外貌，外表，出現(xiàn)詞匯拓展：appearv.出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)，似乎，好像短語拓展：makeanappearance露面9.transformvt.轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)化，改變，改造短語拓展：=1\*GB3①Transformsb./sth.into…把某人/某物改變成Themachinecantransformheatintopower.這臺機(jī)器能把熱能轉(zhuǎn)換成電能。=2\*GB3②Transformsb./sth.from…把某人/某物從…中轉(zhuǎn)變10.identifyvt.識別，認(rèn)出，鑒定詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①identificationn.辨認(rèn)，確認(rèn)，鑒定=2\*GB3②identifyn.身份，特性，同一性=3\*GB3③identicaladj.相同的短語拓展：=1\*GB3①identifycard身份證=2\*GB3②beidenticalwith/to與…相同11.includingprep.包括詞匯拓展：includevt.包括（整體包括部分）溫馨提示：使用including和included遵循以下公式：=1\*GB3①主句，including+被包括部分=2\*GB3②主句，被包括部分+includedTheywillsendyouthebookfor$5,includingthepostage.=Theywillsendyouthebookfor$5,thepostageincluded.連郵費在內(nèi)花上5美元，他們就會把書寄給你。12.which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句原文再現(xiàn)：Anotherwell-knownfolkdanceistheYangge,whichisoftenperformedonspecialoccasions.句型剖析：這是一個復(fù)合句，whichis…是一個非限制性定語從句。which是關(guān)系代詞，指代theyangge。在非限制性定語從句中，which可以指代主句的一個名詞或代詞，也可以指代前面整個主句。標(biāo)志是，前后主從復(fù)合句用逗號隔開。例：Chinaisadevelopingcountry,whichisknowntoall.眾所周知，中國是一個發(fā)展中國家。13.occasionn.某次，…的時候，時刻，盛典詞匯拓展：Occasionaladj.偶然的，偶爾的短語拓展：=1\*GB3①onoccasion(s)有時，偶然，偶爾=2\*GB3②have/taketheoccasiontodosth.有理由/借機(jī)會做某事Iwouldliketotaketheoccasiontothankeverybodyforyourkindnesstome.我想借此機(jī)會感謝各位對我的好意。14.skippingbackandforth歡快的扭來扭去原文再現(xiàn)：theyaredressedinbeautifulcostumes,skippingbackandforthtotherhythmoflouddrums.句型剖析：skippingbackandforthtotherhythmoflouddrums是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語，修飾前面的主語?，F(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語還可表示時間，原因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步等。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①hereandthere到處，處處=2\*GB3②upanddown來回地，上上下下15.uniqueadj.獨一無二的，獨特的，唯一的易混辨析：=1\*GB3①unique:獨一無二的，強(qiáng)調(diào)唯一VanGoghwasauniquepainter.梵高是一位獨一無二的畫家。=2\*GB3②special:特定的，具體的，不一定唯一，但是不同Whatareyouspecificaims?你的具體目的是什么？=3\*GB3③particular:不尋常的，挑剔的，強(qiáng)調(diào)不是一般的She’sparticularaboutwhatshewears.她對于穿著很講究。16.throughprep.穿過，貫穿，透過，經(jīng)由易混辨析：=1\*GB3①through:介詞，“貫穿，透過，穿過”，從一頭（邊）到另一頭（邊），強(qiáng)調(diào)從空間或里面穿過。Theygotthroughtheforestatlast.最終他們穿過了森林。=2\*GB3②across:介詞，“橫穿，穿過，橫渡”，指從表面上穿過。Lastweekheswamacrosstheriveralone.上周他獨自一人游過了這條河。=3\*GB3③cross:動詞，“橫穿，橫渡”。Whencrossingthestreet,becareful.過街時要注意安全。17.reactionn.反應(yīng)，副作用詞匯拓展：Reactv.起反應(yīng)；對…作出反應(yīng)短語拓展：=1\*GB3①reacttosth.對…作出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)=2\*GB3②reactagainst反抗，反對=3\*GB3③reacton/upon對…有影響=4\*GB3④inreactionto對…反應(yīng)=5\*GB3⑤actionandreaction作用與反作用18.leaveout漏掉，省略，刪除Don’tleaveoutawordwhenwritingtheletter.寫信時，別漏掉一個單詞。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①leaveoff停止，中斷It’stimetoleaveoffwork.該停止工作了。=2\*GB3②leavebehind留下，遺落，忘帶=3\*GB3③leavealone不干涉=4\*GB3④leaveforsomeplace動身去某地WhendidyouleaveforShanghai?你什么時候動身去上海的？=5\*GB3⑤beleftover剩下，殘留19.responsibleadj.有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)付責(zé)任的詞匯拓展：responsibilityn.責(zé)任短語拓展：=1\*GB3①beresponsiblefor應(yīng)對…負(fù)責(zé)，對…有責(zé)任Who’sresponsibleforthisterriblemess?誰應(yīng)該對這一團(tuán)糟的局面負(fù)責(zé)任？=2\*GB3②beresponsibletosb.對某人負(fù)責(zé)=3\*GB3③have/bear/taketheresponsibility有/擔(dān)當(dāng)…的責(zé)任，對…負(fù)責(zé)Wemusttaketheresponsibilityforourcountry.我們必須對我們的國家負(fù)責(zé)。20.startoff開始活動，動身，活動起來It’salongtrip.We’llhavetostartout/offearly.這是一次長途旅行，我們得早點動身。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①startout啟程，動身，出發(fā)=2\*GB3②startup（使）啟動，發(fā)動，開始=3\*GB3③tostatwith起先，起初，首先=4\*GB3④makeanearlystart早點動身21.berelatedto與…有關(guān)系，和…有聯(lián)系A(chǔ)llthingsarerelatedtoallotherthings.事與事之間是相互聯(lián)系的。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①relateAtoB把A與B聯(lián)系起來=2\*GB3②relateto涉及，與…相關(guān)=3\*GB3③relatesth.tosb.向某人敘述某事22.aswith同…一樣，對…來說Aswithanyjoke,ithasbasisinreality.像任何笑話一樣，這個笑話也能在現(xiàn)實中找到依據(jù)。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①aswith=asitisthesame同…一樣=2\*GB3②asto/for關(guān)于，至于=3\*GB3③aswellas同…一樣，也=4\*GB3④asitis照現(xiàn)狀23.inbetween介于…之間Heisneitheradirectornoranactor,he’ssomewhereinbetween.他既不是導(dǎo)演又不是演員，是介于兩者之間的人。24.recommendvt.推薦，介紹詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①recommendationn.推薦，勸告，正式建議，推薦信=2\*GB3②recommendedadj.被推薦的=3\*GB3③recommendableadj.可推薦的，值得推薦的短語拓展：=1\*GB3①recommendto交付=2\*GB3②recommendsth.tosb.向某人推薦某物=3\*GB3③recommendsb.forsth.推薦某人擔(dān)任某職位=4\*GB3④recommendsb.as…推薦某人當(dāng)…=5\*GB3⑤recommenddoingsth.勸告/建議做某事=6\*GB3⑥r(nóng)ecommendsb.todosth.建議某人做某事例1._____basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.KnownHavingknownKnowingBeingknown解析：句意：懂得基本的急救技能有助于對緊急情況作出快速反應(yīng)。本題考查非謂語動詞作主語。分析題干可知非謂語動詞作主，因為過去分詞不能作主語，排除A項。根據(jù)句意可知，空格處不是表達(dá)完成或被動的意思，排除B和D項，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：C。例2.Itissonoisyintherestaurantandhardforusto_____theconversation.goongoonwithkeepontakeon解析：句意：飯店里吵鬧聲很大，我們難以繼續(xù)談話。考查動詞短語辨析。goondoingsth.（停頓后）繼續(xù)做原來的事；keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事；takeon呈現(xiàn)，雇用，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：B。例3.Graduationisagoodtimetothankthosewhohavehelpedyou_____thetoughyears.throughupwithfrom解析：句意：畢業(yè)時是向那些在艱苦歲月里幫助了你的人表示感謝的好機(jī)會?？疾榻樵~辨析。句子中who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，所以用through表示貫穿這些年始終。其他介詞不符合句意。答案：A。例4.Asajobseeker,heshouldfirstdecidewhattodoandwhatheshould_____inhisresume.A.leavebehindB.leaveoutC.leavealoneD.leaveoff解析：句意：作為一個尋找工作的人，他首先應(yīng)該決定做什么并且決定簡歷中應(yīng)該省略什么。本題考查動詞短語辨析。Leavebehind留下；leaveout省略；leavealone不干涉；leaveoff停止。即可推斷出正確答案。答案：B。例5.（2015北京東城高三二模）Visitorscanseethelargediamond,_____hasbeenkeptattheTowersincethe17thcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who解析：句意：這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“diamond”,在從句中作主語，所以要用關(guān)系代詞which。答案：A?；A(chǔ)演練一，根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用所學(xué)的單詞填空。Judgingbya__________canbemisleading.Apianohasblackandwhitek__________.Heisgoingtoq__________hisjobnextweek.Thepoliceaskedhimtoshowhisi__________card.Ourhotelhasa__________（全世界）reputationforgoodservice.Tonylikestogototheb__________inhissparetime.Nowelectricalapplianceshaveenteredintoo__________families.Shanghaiisatypicali__________cityinmodernChina.I’mfamiliarwiththis__________（類型）ofcomputer.Eachofushasourown__________（獨特的）features.Keys：一，1.appearance 2.keys3.quit 4.identify5.worldwide 6.ballroom7.ordinary 8.immigrant9.type 10.unique鞏固提高一，單句改錯。Itissaidthatshequittosing._____________________________________________.Theboydidn’tgiveustheansweroftheexperience._____________________________________________.Janeissoagoodgirlthatallofuslikeherverymuch._____________________________________________.Playingfootballarehisfavoritething._____________________________________________.Innowayhewilldothatkindofthing._____________________________________________.Keys：1.tosing---singing 2.of---to3.so---such 4.are---is5.hewill---willhe一，用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。inorderto insomeways attimes inotherwordsrepresentbackandforth happento bepopularwith forsure fitinMybosssaidhewouldhavetoletmego.__________,hefiredme.Theredlinesonthemap__________railways.Themanwhohaseverythingis__________apoorman.Hestudiedharddayandnight__________catchupwithothers.Hemayevenhavebeenalittlelonely__________.Nothearingthenews,hewalked__________intheroom.Astrangething_________meonmywayhomelastnight.Loudmusic___________youngpeople.Doesthisplan_________yourarrangement?Nooneknows__________whatreallyhappened.二，單項選擇。Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe__________.hasstarted B.starts C.started D.willstart（2015北京西城高三第一學(xué)期期末）TheAlibabaGroup,__________wasfoundedin1999,hasbecomeChina’slargeste-commercecompany.inwinter.which B.what C.whose D.that（2015北京東城高三第一學(xué)期期末）Mr.SawyerstartedhiscareeratStanfordUniversity,______hebecameProfessorofPhysicsin2020.Which B.where C.when D.that（2015北京朝陽高三第一學(xué)期期末）Theconcertboredmetodeath.IwishI__________it.wouldn’thaveattended B.havenotattended C.didnotattend D.hadnotattended（2015北京豐臺高三第一學(xué)期期末）HismothermadeGregorangejuiceeveryday,__________wouldhelphisrecovery.Which B.who C.when D.thatKeys:一.1.Inotherwords 2.represent3.insomeways 4.inorderto5.attimes 6.backandforth7.happenedto 8.ispopularwith9.fitin 10.Forsure 二，1-5CABDA__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，閱讀理解。ANewresearchshowsthatEarthwillhavemorethanninethousandmillionpeoplebytwothousandfifty.Theworldpopulationisatpresentaboutsixpointfourthousandmillion.TheresearchisfromthePopulationReferenceBureau,aprivategroupbasedinWashington.ItsaysmostgrowthwilltakeplaceindevelopingcountriesinAfricaandwesternAsia.IndiaisexpectedtopassChinaastheworld’smostpopulatednation.Bythemiddleofthecentury,thereportsays,Indiawillhaveoveroneandone-halfthousandmillioncitizens,anincreaseoffiftypercent.Chinahasonepointthreethousandmillionpeopleatpresent.ThePopulationReferenceBureausaysthepopulationshouldincreaseabouttenpercentbytwothousandfifty.Mostdevelopednationswillseeadropintheirpopulations.TheonlybigexceptionisexpectedtobetheUnitedStates.ThereportsaystheUnitedStateswillremainthethirdbiggestnation.Thepopulationisclosetothreehundredmillionnow.Itisexpectedtoreachfourhundredtwentymillion.Thereportsaysthiswillbebecauseofimmigration（移民）andlowdeathratesamongbabies.Betweennowandtwothousandfifty,Nigerisexpectedtobethefastestgrowingcountry.Thebiggestdecrease(下降)isexpectedinBulgaria.ThestudyisbasedoninformationfromgovernmentsandtheUnitedNations.ResearcherCarlHaubwrotethereport.Heexaminedinfant(嬰兒)deathrates,lifeexpectancy,birthratesandtheagestructureofnations.Thestudyalsoconsideredfamilyplanninguseand,forthefirsttime,ratesofAIDS.MisterHaubsaysmostgrowthwilltakeplaceincountrieswithyoungpopulationsandtraditionallylargefamilies.HepointstoNigeriaandJapanastwonationsthataremovinginoppositedirectionsintermsofpopulation.1.Thebesttitleforthetextislikelytobe_____.A.WorldPopulationandtheDevelopmentofIndustryB.DevelopedCountryanditsPopulationC.DevelopingCountryanditsPopulationD.WorldPopulationby20502.Inwhichofthefollowingcountriesisthebiggestdecreaseexpectedinthegrowthofthepopulation?A.India.B.Egypt.C.ChinaD.Japan3.MostdevelopednationswillseeafallintheirpopulationsexcepttheUSbecause_____.A.thecountrydoesn’ttrytocontrolthepopulationgrowthB.infantdeathratesarelowC.peopleallovertheworldmovethereandsettledownD.bothBandC4.HowmanymorepeopleisIndialikelytohavethanChinaby2050accordingtothereport?A.750million.B.75millionC.70millionD.200millionBHalf-TruthsBecareofthosewhousethetruthtodeceive（欺騙）.Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecancreateafalseimpression.Forexample,someonemightsay,“Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery(彩票).Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!”Thisguy’sawinner,right?Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoverthatheboughttwohundredtickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He’sreallyabigloser!Hedidn’tsayanythingthatwasfalse,buthepurposely(故意)omittedimportantinformation.That’scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnicallylies,buttheyarejustasdishonest.Dishonestcandidates(候選人)inpoliticalcampaignsoftenusethistactic(策略).Let’ssaythatduringGovernorSmith’slastterm(任期),herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thensheseeksanotherterm.Oneofheropponentsrunsanadsaying,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatelostonemillionjobs!”That’strue.Howeveranhoneststatementwouldhavebeen,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs.”Advertiserswillsometimesusehalf-truths.It’sagainstthelawtomakefalseclaimssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadmightshowoff,“NineoutoftendoctorsrecommendYuckyPillstocurenosepimples.”ItfailstomentionthattheyonlyaskedtendoctorsandnineofthemworkfortheYuckyCorporation.Thiskindofdishonestyhappenstoooften.It’sasadfactoflife:Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanlieaswell.5.Whichstatementis